DEFINATION OF LUMBER & TYPES

Presented by G.KAMALAHASAN, 109012253009, M.Tech-(CEM).

DEFINE LUMBERLumber is raw wood material

that is manufactured into boards.

Lumber is predominatly used for structural purposes but has

many other uses as well.

LUMBER

TYPES OF LUMBERThere are two general categories of lumber: hardwoods

and softwoods. HARDWOOD LUMBER: made from deciduous trees,

whereas softwood lumber is made from coniferous trees. Lumber grade is typically determined by the surface of

the wood and the number of knots present.

CLEAR• Clear lumber has a “clear”

surface, meaning there are no knots.

UTILITY:The roughest grade, utility grade lumber is

affordable and can be used for rough framing.

STANDARD :(CONSTRUCTION)Standard lumber is strong but still rough, and

can be used for general framing.

LUMBER TYPES• 1.FURRING LUMBER• 2.FINISHED LUMBER• 3.TONGUE AND GROVER LUMBER• 4.SHIPLAP LUMBER• 5.GLUE LAMINATE LUMBER• 6.MICRO-LAMINATE LUMBER

1.FURRING

Furring lumber is used as trim in drywall and paneling, as well as for trim and edging.

It is rough wood with small dimensions, so it can easily fit into smaller spaces.

Furring lumber is available in sizes such as 1x2 and 1x3.

2.FINISHED LUMBER

This type of wood, like furring, is appropriate for paneling and trim but can also be used for siding, decking, and furniture.

The lumber is smooth and finished, giving it greater aesthetic appeal.

Available in a wider range of sizes: 1x4, 1x6, 1x8, 1x10, and 1x12.

3.TONGUE AND GROOVE

Tongue and groove lumber is designed to fit snuggly together—tongue planks fit into groove planks’ corresponding slots.

Applications for this kind of lumber include paneling, siding, decorative treatments, and flooring and subflooring.

Sizes include 1x4, 1x6, and 1x8.

4.SHIPLAP

Much like tongue and groove, shiplap is designed to fit together.

The configuration, however, is different, with each plank featuring an edge that either fits under or on top of a neighboring plank’s edge.

Sizes include 1x4, 1x6, and 1x8.

5.GLUE LAMINATE

Achieved by layering dimensional lumber (flat) and laminating until they cohere into one functional piece, glue laminate is a common choice for rafters, beams, and joists.

Sizes include 4x10, 4x12, 6x10, and 6x12.

6.MICRO-LAMINATE

Made in a similar fashion as glue laminate, micro-laminate consists of individual pieces of veneer joined together.

Typical applications are also the same as for glue laminate.

Standard micro-laminate size is 4x12.

COMMON LUMBER DEFECTSWhen selecting lumber, there are several

common defects to keep an eye out for, including twisting, bowing, cupping, crocking, and splitting.

A twisted plank will feature a slightly raised or lowered end, with the appearance of a somewhat warped and twisted formation.

Bowed lumber will slowly curve up from end to end, so each end appears slightly raised. Cupping is similar to bowing, only the wood curves length-wise, so that each long side appears slightly raised.

A crocked plank will feature one end with a downward slant.

A plank that suffers from splitting will have visible splits along the edges.

Any of these above problems can lead to structural failure if used in an application, and should be checked for in advance.

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