Types of Leaves
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Transcript of Types of Leaves
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Types of Leaves
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GinkgoFamily: GinkgoaceaeGenus: GinkgoSpecies: bilobaScientific name: Ginkgo biloba
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MAPLESFamily: AceraceaeGenus: Acer
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MAPLES Seeds!!
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Ex: Red maple: Acer rubrum
Most maples have simple palmate leaves
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Some maples have compound leaves
Box elder maple: Acer negundo
Paper bark maple Acer griseum Papery bark, peels, looks like cinnamon
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MAPLES
For species of maples and scientific names, see the tree ID list. To identify specific species, use field guides, the internet, or talk to
Mrs. McCarrey about using her book to compare leaves.
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SYCAMORES (aka plane trees)Family: PlatanaceaeGenus: Platanus Can be confused with maples; the difference is the sycamores don’t
have the classic maple seeds and sycamores have very distinctive bark that looks like dried and cracked mud (right) or sometimes sloughs off (below)
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OAKSFamily: FagaceaeGenus: Quercus
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OAKSSeeds = acorns
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BEECHES Family: Fagaceae Genus: Fagus Typically have a smooth gray bark (like an elephant,
but smoother!) Classic beech leaves have wide-spread veins in a
pinnate leaf and are pubescent on margins and bottom
of leaf.
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WILLOWS Family: Salicaceae Genus: Salix Usually have narrow, pointed leaves (except for pussy willows) Seeds: catkins (in spring) Some “weep” (but not all – this is true of weeping willows and
corkscrew willows”
Above and right: catkins
Left and below: leaves and tree of weeping willow
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Cottonwoods & Poplars Family: Salicaceae Genus: Populus Tall, grow by water, cottonwood seeds in spring Deeply furrowed bark
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ASPEN Family: Salicaceae Genus: Populus Species: Populus tremuloides Classic white bark with black lines on it; live in clumps (clonal) Leaves: flat, soft teeth, pointed
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Birches Family: Betulaceae (same family as alders and hornbeams) Genus: Betula (alder genus: alnus, hornbeam genus: Carpinus) Serrated leaves Usually have white bark (paper birch bark peels like paper,
weeping birches have deeply serrated teeth and white bark with black lines)
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Pine Trees Family: Pinaceae Genus: Pinus Needles usually come in fascicles/bundles of 2, 3, or 5 (rarely as 1)
and are usually 2” or longer Pinecones Needles in 2s: Austrian, Bosnian Red Cone, 2-needle pinyon,
Scots/Scotch Needles in 3s: Jeffrey and Ponderosa Needles in 5s: Bristlecones, Limber
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Spruces Family: Pinaceae Genus: Picea Needles are shorter than pine needles; come in bundles/fascicles of 1 Pokey/sharp needles (typically stiffer than pine needles) Blue spruce: Picea pungens
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Cedars Family: Pinaceae Genus: Cedrus More elegant appearing than pines/spruces; boughs often droop with
age Needles are whorled in clusters of at least 20
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Firs and Douglas Firs Family: Pinace Genus for firs: Abies Genus for Douglas-fir: Pseudotsuga Fur needles are soft and not sharp; less stiff than spruces “firs are
friendly!” Fir cones are papery (douglas fir cones have little “tails” on the
paper)
Left: white fir coneRight: Douglas fir cone
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Horsechestnuts/Buckeyes Family: Sapindaceae Genus: Aesculus Compound palmate leaves with either 5 or 7 leaflets; seeds are
spikey balls Good shade trees
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Elms Family: Ulmaceae Genus: Ulmus These have prolific papery seeds (seeds almost look like petals) Many species are messy (lots of sap, pollen, and seeds) Serrated pinnate leaves with widely spread veins; leaf is
asymmetrical where it comes off of the petiole
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Linden Family: Tiliaceae Genus: Tilia Key features: light serration on leaves, leaves usually asymmetrical
(slightly heart shaped) where blade comes off of petiole, leaves have a petal which accompanies them and dries out/turns yellow/white as summer progresses
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Walnut trees Family: Juglandaceae Genus: Juglans In Utah there are two main types:
English walnut (Juglans regia)Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
Compound leaves
Walnut seeds in spring/summer
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Fruit Trees Family: Rosaceae Same family as rosebushes Many different cultivars or breeds (often people label
cultivars or specific types by adding a word to the end of the scientific name, e.g. Tilia cordata greenspire, but you don’t have to identify this cultivar)
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Hawthorn Family: Rosaceae Genus: Crataegus
Serrated leaves of varying shapes, small round berries that birds eat
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PearFamily: RosaceaeGenus: Pyrus
Common pears are European pear Pyrus communis (has fruit) and Bradford pear (tiny non-edible fruits)
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Apple Family: Rosaceae Genus: Malus
Includes crabapples (right) and apples (below)
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Plum, cherry, apricot, peachFamily: RosaceaeGenus: Prunus
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Rowan Family: Rosaceae Genus: Rowan
In legend, rowan wood is used to ward off witches (see The Last Apprentice series).
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Image sources
BYU TREE TOUR website http://treetour.byu.edu/map.aspx Wikimedia commons Google images when first two sources were inadequate to portray key
characteristics