Types of Chemical Reactions€¦ · • I can identify 5 different types of chemical reactions by...
Transcript of Types of Chemical Reactions€¦ · • I can identify 5 different types of chemical reactions by...
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Types of Chemical Reactions
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Essential Standard 2.2Understand chemical bonding and
chemical interactions.
Learning Objective 2.2.5
Classify types of reactions such as
synthesis, decomposition, single
replacement, or double replacement.
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I Can StatementsAt the end of this lesson, you should be
able to say, with confidence:
• I can identify 5 different types of chemical
reactions by looking at a chemical
equation.
• I can distinguish between exergonic and
endergonic reactions.
• I can list 5 different indications that a
chemical change has take place.
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Synthesis ReactionSynthesis reactions are ones in which two or
more reactants combine to one new product.
Synthesis reactants will always have at least 2
reactants and only 1 product.
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Synthesis Reaction
Example
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DecompositionDecomposition reactions occur when one
substance breaks down or decomposes into two
or more substances.
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Decomposition
Example
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Single ReplacementSingle replacement reactions occur when one
element replaces another element in a compound
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Single Replacement
ExampleThe more reactive metal will always replace
the less reactive metal.
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Double DisplacementIn double displacement reactions the cations and
anions from both compounds recombine to form
two new compounds.
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Double Displacement
Example
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Double Displacement
Pb(NO3)2 + NaI PbI2 + NaNO3
Precipitate
During double
displacement reactions,
two liquids can be
combined to produce a
solid called a precipitate.
A precipitate is a solid that is formed when two
liquids are chemically combined.
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CombustionCombustion reactions occur when a carbon
compound reacts with oxygen gas (O2) to
produce water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
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Combustion
Oxygen (O2) is
always one of the
reactants.
Carbon dioxide
(CO2) and Water
(H2O) are always
two of the products.
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CombustionByproducts of combustion reactions, meaning
they aren’t part of the equation, is the production
of heat or energy.
C6H12O6 + O2 H2O + CO2 + ATP
Energy
Cellular Respiration
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Energy ReleasedChemical reactions that
release energy in the
form of light are called
exergonic reactions.
Chemical reactions that
release energy in the
form of heat are called
exothermic reactions.
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Requires EnergyChemical reactions that
require energy to take
place called endergonic
reactions.
Chemical reactions that
require heat to take
place called
endothermic reactions.
The splitting of water into oxygen and
hydrogen gas requires electricity
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CatalystCatalysts are substances that speed up chemical
reactions without being changed themselves.
Enzymes are an example of a catalyst.
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Indicators of Chemical ChangeThere are five basic indicators that a chemical
change has taken place.
A change in temperature, either colder or
warmer, indicates a chemical change has
taken place.
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Indicators of Chemical ChangeA change in color in the substance indicates a
chemical change has taken place.
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Indicators of Chemical ChangeA change in odor of the substance indicates a
chemical change has taken place.
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Indicators of Chemical ChangeThe formation of gas or bubbles indicates a
chemical change has taken place.
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Indicators of Chemical ChangeThe formation of a precipitate indicates a
chemical change has taken place.
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The End