Types of Chemical Reactions

5 Types of Chemical Reactions

1) Synthesis

2) Decomposition

3) Single Displacement/Replacement

4) Double Displacement/Replacement

5) Combustion

States of Matter - Symbols Solid (s) Liquid (l) Gas (g)

Solid dissolved in Liquid (aq)

Synthesis Reaction

Generally:

Element + Element/Compound Compound

Looks like this: 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) 2Fe2O3(s)

Synthesis Reaction (cont.)

A synthesis reaction will look like this:

The formula that represents a synthesis reactions is:

A + B AB

Synthesis Reaction (cont.) Identify which of the following reactions

are synthesis reactions:

1) 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl ☺

2) HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O

3) 2Mg + O2 2MgO ☺

4) 4Cu + O2 2Cu2O ☺5) 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

Hungry Bird plus Worm = ???

Full Bird

Other Examples

2H2 + O2 2H2O

2Al + 3Br 2AlBr3

Decomposition Reaction

Generally:

Compound less complex compound + compound/element

A decomposition reaction will look like this:

Decomposition Reaction (cont.)The formula that represents a decomposition

reaction:AB A + B

Identify which of the following reactions are decomposition reactions:

1) 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl2) 2NO2 2O2 + N2 ☺3) CaCO3 CaO + CO2 ☺4) 2CuO Cu + O2

5) 6CO2 + 6H2O C2H12O6 + 6O2

How does this picture represent a decomposition reaction?

Turtle inside of Egg Egg + Turtle

Other Examples 2H2O2 (aq) O2 (g) + 2H2O(l)

(used to make an “erupting volcano”

Decomposition Reaction video http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/e

xperiments/erupting-peroxide-volcano

Single Displacement Reactions

Generally:Element + Compound Compound + Element

Single displacement reactions look like this:

Single Displacement Reactions (cont.)The formula for a single displacement reaction looks like this:

A + BC AC + B

Identify which of the following reactions are single displacement:1) 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl2) AgNO + Cu CuNO + Ag ☺3) 2Mg + O2 2MgO4) Cu + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2 ☺5) Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 ☺

Explain how this picture represents a single replacement reaction

Romeo

Jack and Juliet

Other Examples – Finish the equations: Cu + AgNO3

2HCl + Zn

1) CuNO3 + Ag

2) ZnCl2 + H2

Double Displacement Reaction

Generally:Compound + Compound Compound + Compound

Double displacement reactions look like this:

Double Displacement Reaction (cont.)The formula for a double displacement reaction is:

AB + CD AD + CB

Identify which of the following reactions are double displacement reactions:

1) Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2

2) LiNO3 + NaOH LiOH + NaNO3 ☺ 3) 2KCl + MgO MgCl2 + K2O ☺4) Mg + S MgS5) 2H2O2 2H2O + O2

How does this picture portray a double replacement reaction?

Other Examples – finish the equations: 2NaI + Pb(NO3)2

CuSO4 + 2NaI

1) 2NaNO3 + PbI2

2) CuI2 + Na2SO4

metal Non-metal

Combustion Reaction A combustion reaction is when a hydrocarbon

reacts with oxygen. A hydrocarbon is any compound that is made up of hydrogen and carbon. Some hydrocarbons also contain oxygen.

The products of combustion are always carbon dioxide and water (both are gases).

Combustion Reaction (cont.) The formula for a combustion reaction is:

Hydrocarbon + O2(g) H2O(g) + CO2(g)

( Contains Carbon, Hydrogen and sometimes Oxygen)

Combustion Reaction (cont.)Identify which of the following reactions are

combustion reactions:

1) O3 O + O2

2) LiNO3 + NaOH LiOH + NaNO3

3) CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O ☺

4) Mg + S MgS

5) 2KI + Br2 2KBr + I2

Example: Combustion of gasoline C8H18 + 25 O2 16 CO2 + 18 H20

Car Exhaust

Type of Reaction

Definition Equation

Synthesis

Decomposition

Single Replacement

Double Replacement

A = Red B = Blue C = Green D = Yellow

A + B → AB

AB → A + B

AB + C → AC + B

AB + CD → AC + BD

Two or more elements or compounds combine to make a more complex

substance

Compounds break down into simpler substances

Occurs when one element replaces another one in a

compound

Occurs when different atoms in two different

compounds trade places

Summary (write this down) Synthesis A + B AB Decomposition AB A + B Single Replacement A + BC B + AC Double Replacement AB + CD AD + CB Combustion C/H/O + O2 CO2 + H2O

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tE4668aarck&safe=active Review Video 1.5 minutes

Assignment