Types of cells notes ppt
Transcript of Types of cells notes ppt
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There are two types of cells.
TYPES OF CELLS – Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
1. Prokaryote cells were the first, and for billions of years, the only form of life.
2. Eukaryote cells are more complex.
prokaryote cell
eukaryote cell
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Prokaryote cell
Eukaryote cell
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Both contain cytoplasm and are bound by a cell membrane.
Similarities
Both contain ribosomes. Ribosomes are the structures in a cell that make protein.
Both contain genetic material (DNA).
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are similar in several ways.
DNA ribosomescytoplasm
cellmembrane
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Differences
A cell without a nucleus is a prokaryote. DNA is just curled up in the cytoplasm of the cell.
They also have some very important differences. In a eukaryote, DNA is
held in a nucleus. It is organized into chromosomes.
Eukaryote cell
nucleus chromosomes
Prokaryote cell – no nucleus
DNA
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Eukaryote cell
Eukaryotes are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotes.
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Differences
Prokaryotes have a very simple internal structure.
mitochondrion
endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm
nuclear porenucleus
chromatin
nuclear envelope
Prokaryote cellThey contain structures called organelles that are surrounded by membranes.
Their organelles are not surrounded by membranes.
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Unicellular
Multicellular
Multicellular
Others, like plants and animals (including humans) are multicellular.
Uni-means “one” or “single”. These organisms are made up of a single cell
Multi-means “many” These organisms are made up of many cells.
Some organisms, like bacteria, are unicellular.
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Body TypesUnicellular organisms can be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic.
All multicellular organisms are eukaryotic.
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Nutrition1. Autotrophic
2. Heterotrophic
• Auto- means “self”• Troph – means “nutrition”• These organisms make
their own food• Have the green pigment
chlorophyll
• Hetero- means “different”• These organisms eat
other organisms for energy