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    Somatotype or Body Type

    People come in all sorts of shapes and sizes. Body type or physique can greatly

    affect performance in different activities. Body type is also known as somatotype.

    A performers somatotype can be measured against the three extreme

    somatotypes:

    Extreme endomorphs have the following characteristics:

    A lot of body fat

    A lot of fat on the upper arms and thighsWide hips and narrow shoulders

    Fairly slim wrists and ankles

    Extreme mesomorphs have the following characteristics:

    Very little body fat

    A muscular body

    Broad shoulders and narrow hips

    A large head

    Strong forearms and thighs

    The mesomorphic shape is the most common body shape among elite performers.Most sports favour the strong, muscular limbs and low body fat of the mesomorphic

    shape.

    Extreme ectomorphs have the following characteristics

    Very little muscle or body fat

    Narrow hips and shoulders

    Thin legs and arms

    A narrow chest and abdomen

    Thin face and high forehead

    All performers are made up of elements of these three extreme somatotypes.

    Most people have a mixture of mesomorphic, endomorphic and ectomorphiccharacteristics. A persons somatotype can be graded using a scoring system. They

    are given 3 scores between 1 and 7, according to how well they conform to each of

    the extreme somatotypes. 1 is a low score, 7 is a high score.

    Certain somatotypes tend to be found in certain sports. T

    ideal somatotype for a performer will depend on their

    sport or event. In some cases, the position that they play

    a particular sport might

    also be important- Consider, for example, the various body s

    and shapes in a rugby team. Body type is largely determinby the genes you inherit from your parents. However, you

    can alter your somatotype by training, or by changing y

    diet.

    Eating more and/or exercising less will increase your body

    fat, making you more endomorphic.

    Weight training will increase muscle size, making you mo

    mesomorphic.

    Eating less and/or exercising more will decrease your bod

    fat, making you more ectomorphic

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    Questions- please write on paper- complete for homework.

    1. Explain the term Somatotype.

    2. Describe the 3 somatotypes using key characteristic words and give a classic

    example from Sport.3. What would an average be? Explain why you think this.

    4. What determines your somatotype? Give an example .

    5. Different people will have different body types depending, in part, on their lifestyle

    choices. The participants in Figure 4 all have appropriate body types for the physical

    activity they participate in.

    6.

    Complete the table below.

    (a) Name the body type of each participant shown in Figure 4. (3)

    (b) State one reason why this body type is an advantage to the participant shown in

    Figure 4 in their physical activity. (3)