Type of compound: Aldehyde Alcohol Amine Archives...Classification Tests 3. ... Amines 1. Odor 2. If...
Transcript of Type of compound: Aldehyde Alcohol Amine Archives...Classification Tests 3. ... Amines 1. Odor 2. If...
Procedure
1. Physical PropertiesMelting point or boiling point
2. Functional Group
Infrared spectrum
NMR Spectrum
Solubility
Classification Tests
3. Solid Derivative
Measure boiling point of liquids
Distill your unknown and note the boiling point
If can’t distill or not enoughsample use this technique.
Functional GroupCarbonyl Group (1650 - 1725 cm-1)?
Yes No
AldehydeKetone
NMR
Aldehyde Ketone+ -
AlcoholAmine
BroadOH in IR
Yes NoAlcohol Amine
(Basic?)3700 - 4000 cm-1
YesPrimary or Secondary
NoTertiary
Amines
1. Odor
2. If not soluble in water they maydissolve in dilute aqueous acid (HCl).
3. Water solutions of amines arebasic to litmus.
Hinsberg Test for Amines
Primary: Soluble. PPT if add HClSecondary: Insoluble
Tertiary: Tends not to react
DerivativesAldehydes and Ketones
1. 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone
2. Semicarbazone
NH2NHC
O
NH2
semicarbazide
+ RC
O
R NNHCNH2CR
RO
semicarbazone
Amine DerivativesPrimary and Secondary Amines
CO
Cl + RNH2 CO
NHR
Benzoyl Chloride Benzamide
SO2Cl + RNH2 SO2NHR
Benzenesulfonyl Chloride Benzenesulfamide