Twelfth-Year Update on a 200-yr Soil Monitoring Study Don Ross, University of Vermont Thom Villars,...
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Transcript of Twelfth-Year Update on a 200-yr Soil Monitoring Study Don Ross, University of Vermont Thom Villars,...
Twelfth-Year Update on a 200-yr Soil Monitoring Study
Don Ross, University of Vermont
Thom Villars, USDA NRCS
Scott Bailey, USFS Northern Res. Sta.
Nancy Burt, Angie Quintana-Jones, USFS
Sandy Wilmot, Vermont Dept. of Forest, Parks and Recreation
Deane Wang, University of Vermont
Jamie Shanley, USGS
Project Goals:
1. Establish five 50 x 50 m relatively uniform plots in sites associated with the VMC.
2. Sample plots at 0, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 150 and 200 years. Year 0 = 2002
3. Archive samples for later comparisons.
4. Analyze initial samples to determine baseline values.
5. Protect the plots for future monitoring.
Sites:• Mt. Mansfield Ranch Brook
– northern hardwood
• Mt. Mansfield Forehead– high elevation spruce/fir
• Mt. Mansfield Underhill State Forest– transitional– SCAN site
• Lye Brook “Road”– northern hardwood– SCAN site
• Lye Brook “Trail”– transitional
Mansfield Forehead
NW NE
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
SW 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 SE
50 m 5m
50 m
A typical plot plan.
Plots with red numbers were sampled in 2002 (Year 0).
Sampling Scheme
• 2002: All samples taken by horizon (no depth increments)
• 2007, 2012: 4 large samples from each pit– Litter layer (Oi)– Oa or A (near-surface humified horizon)– Top 10 cm of B horizon– 60-70 cm (usually C horizon)– (Also small samples of each genetic horizon)
Lye Road
Lye Road
Lye Road
Lye Trail
Lye Trail
Ranch Brook 2002
Underhill State Park or ‘Polka-Dot’, 2400’
Polka-dot
Forehead, 3600’
Forehead
Samples taken by horizonHorizon 2002 2007 2012Oi - 39 50Oi/Oe - 9Oe - 36 48Oa 49 48 48A 22 21 25E 30 30 32B 91 129 126BC 12 -C - 28 42Total 204 340 371
Samples taken by horizon ordepth increment
Sample type 2007 2012Oi/Oe 50 50Oa or A 50 50A - 2E 8 9top 10 cm of B 44 4660-70 cm 40 40Total 192 197
60-70 cm particle size from 2012(only one sample from Forehead)All averages are fine sandy loam
Clay Silt Sand% % %
LT 1.6 43.1 55.3LR 2.9 42.7 54.4RB 5.6 35.1 59.3PD 5.8 36.1 58.1FH 7.3 32.9 59.8
60-70 cm total elemental analysis 2012(only one sample from Forehead)
Ca Fe P Mn Sr Timg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
Lye Trail 14572 21482 357 345 311 3198Lye Road 16148 24658 154 461 337 2963Ranch Brk 5684 38579 751 920 110 6525PolkaDot 5416 38980 523 961 110 5739Forehead 4105 50681 624 1399 90 6263
Carbon in the Oa/A horizon
Carbon in the 60-70 cm samples
Carbon in the B horizons
Exchangeable Ca in B horizons
Ranch exchangeable Ca in the uppermost B horizon red = 2002, blue = 2007, green =
2012
N
91 92 0.45 94 95 96 1.50 98 99 1.85
81 82 83 84 85 86 3.71 3.69 89 90
71 72 73 74 0.74 76 77 78 79 80
61 0.31 63 0.34 0.78 2.46 3.01 1.51 69 70
51 0.74 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
41 0.41 43 44 45 46 47 48 1.51 3.45
0.33 32 0.34 34 0.37 0.31 37 38 39 40
21 22 23 24 25 26 2.66 28 29 2.98
11 0.55 0.44 14 15 16 0.72 1.76 19 0.93
0.46 2 3 0.70 5 1.31 7 8 9 10
Challenges facing the project:
•Separating natural soil variation from actual long-term changes
•Developing a permanent archive plan
•Funding for lab work and unsupported personnel costs
•200 years??? - Institutionalizing the program into agencies and passing on the project to a new generation of scientists
Power analysis
0.1140.1180.1190.1570.1400.1180.1600.1790.1840.216
n 10std dev 0.0348mean 0.150
difference to detectP 0.05 0.071P 0.10 0.060
Lye Road B 0-10 cmExchangeable Ca cmolc/kg
Detecting change
Detecting change
(Almost) everyone involved in 2012:• Ashley Walker, UVM• Ben Dillner, Vermont Forest, Parks and Rec• Charlotte Ford, UVM• Courtney Dyche, UVM• Dana Andrews, UVM• Deane Wang, UVM• Don Ross, UVM• Doug Morin, UVM• Emily Piche, UVM• Meghan Knowles, UVM• Nancy Burt, US Forest Service• Noah Ahles, UVM• Rebecca Bourgault, UVM• Ryan Melnichuk, UVM• Ryan Morra, UVM• Sandy Wilmot, Vermont Forest, Parks and Rec• Scott Bailey, US Forest Service• Thom Villars, NRCS• Vermont Youth Conservation Corp
Funding generousy provided by VMC and Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests
Thanks Carl Waite and Nancy Burt!
Lye Trail
Polka-dot
Forehead
Young volunteers needed!