TUTORIAL OFUNIX COMMAND & SHELL SCRIPTSUNIX COMMAND & SHELL SCRIPTS5027

Professor: Dr Shu-Ching ChenProfessor: Dr. Shu-Ching ChenTA: Hsin-Yu Ha

OUTLINE

Log ing Unix Basic Commands Shell script

OUTLINE

Log ing Unix Basic Commands Shell script

HOW TO LOG IN

Download putty from p yhttp://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html

CONNECT TO THE SERVER

The host is margay.cs.fiu.edug y

1

2

3

4

LOG IN / ACCOUNT INFORMATION

Account information Login as : Your FIU username Password : Your first initial + PantherID + Your last initial

For exmaple, Steven Jackson with PID 1234567should have password s1234567j

OUTLINE

Log ing Unix Basic Commands Shell script

COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (1) ls : list the contents of your current directory.y y

Format Options

li t ll th fil i l d th hidd

ls [option] [directory][file]

-a : list all the files include the hidden ones -l : list not only the files name but also the related info -t : list the contents by modified date

COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (2) File permissionp

Field1 : A set of ten permission flags Field2 : link count Field2 : link count Field3 : owner of the file Field4 : associated group of the file Field5 : size Field 6-8 : Last modification date Field9 : file name Field9 : file name

COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (3) chmod : change the permission flags of the filesg p g

Format

E l

chmod [option] [types][+/-][types of permission] filename

Example chmod g+w myfile chmod g-rw myfile chmod u=rw go= myfile chmod –R g+rw myfile

COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (4) pwd : print out the current working directoryp p g y cd : change directory

cd . (.) means the current directorycd . C (..) means the parent of current directory Cd cd with no argument will return you to your

home directory

cd ..

cd y

COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (5) cp : copy filesp py

Format Options

i It b d t id iti th i i l fil

cp [option] File1 File2

-i : It can be used to avoid overwriting the original file -r : Copy the folder and all the files and subfolders under it.

mv : move a file from one place to another or rename a file.

Format mv File1 File2

COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (6) mkdir : making directoryg y

Format rm : remove files or directories

mkdir Directory_name

Format Option

-i : ask before actually delete

rm [option] file1 file2 file3…

y -r : delete the folders and all the files and subfolders under it

COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (7) test : A command in Unix that evaluates conditional expressions.p

Format or The functions will return true if the object exist or the

condition specified is true

test expression [ expression ]

condition specified is true. File functions

-d Filename : Filename is a directory -s Filename : Filename has a size greater than 0 -f Filename : Filename is a regular file

COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (1) cat : display the contents of a file on the screenp y

Format head : display the first ten lines of a file to the screen

cat file1

Format tail : display the last ten lines of a file to the screen

Format

head –n file1

tail –n file1 Format tail –n file1

COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (2) wc : word count

Format Options

fi d t h d th fil h

wc [options] file

-w : find out how many words the file has -l : find out how many lines the file has

COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (3) grep : It searches files for the specified words or g p p

patterns. Format:

O tigrep [options] [pattern] file

Options: -c : Display the number of columns which satisfied the pattern. -i : Ignore case distinctions in both the PATTERN

d h i filand the input files. -v : Invert the sense of matching, to select non-matching lines.

Pipe : It cause the execution of multiple processes from one single line

A | B | C

COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (4) Redirection

> and >> can be used on the output of most commands to direct their output to a file.

Examples Examples

COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (1) sort : sort lines of a text file or files

Default : sort without any option will sort the file alphabetically

Format t [ ti ] fil Format uniq : remove duplicate adjacent lines from

sorted file.

sort [option] file

COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (2) sed: One ultimate stream editor

Detail Tutorial : http://www.grymoire.com/Unix/Sed.html

Important function > Substitution Important function -> Substitution Format : sed 's/term1/term2/g‘ filename

COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (3) cut : extract sections from each line of a file.

Format Option

h t

cut [options] [range] filename

-c : character -f : field -d “:” : delimiter (default is a tab)

R Range N-M N- -M

OUTLINE

Log ing Unix Basic Commands Shell script

SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (1) Scripts are collections of commands that are stored p

in a file.

Detail Tutorial http://www.freeos.com/guides/lsst/ Basic Vi commands

vim filename vim filename i : switch to the editing(insert) mode Esc +:q! Leave the vim program without saving the file Esc +:w Save the file Esc +:wq Save the file and leave the vim program

SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (2) First shell scriptp

Note that to make a file executable, you must set the eXecutable bit, and for a shell script, the Readable bit must also be setReadable bit must also be set.

SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (3) Variable

SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (4) IF LOOP

SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (5) For Loopp

SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (6) Useful concept $( commands)p