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Tutorial 5- chemical bonding

Activity 1: Formation of chemical bonds

Choose the correct answer from the table

Activity 2

1 Underline the correct answer.To achieve a stable electron arrangement :

(i) A metal atom (donates / accepts) electrons , forming a (positive / negative) ion

called cation .

(ii) A (non-metal / metal) atom accepts electrons , forming a (positive / negative) ion

called anion .

2 Complete the diagram below.

1 Noble gases are gases. They exist as.. gases and

are chemically unreactive . They have ... octet or .. electron

..

2 Other atoms besides noble gases tend to achieve the stable electron arrangement through the

formation of

3 Two types of chemical bonds :

(i) .. bond

- formed when atoms join together by transferring of electrons

(ii) .. bond

- formed when atoms join together by ..of electrons

Sharing ionic stable chemical bonds

monoatomic arrangement inert covalent duplet

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(a)

(b)

Activity 3

1 Formation of ionic compound, sodium chloride ( NaCl)

Electron arrangement of sodium atom is .............................................................

A sodium atom .one electron to achieve the electron

arrangement which is 2.8.

Sodium ion, .......... is formed

Electron arrangement of chlorine atom is..

Electron from sodium atom is transferred to a .atom

A chlorine atom electron from sodium atom to

.. the stable electronwhich is 2.8.8

Chloride ion,.. is formed

The sodium ion,

Na and chloride ion,

Cl formed are ..to one another

to form an ionic compound .., NaCl .

The strong .forces between the opposite-charged ions is

called .bond.

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2 Complete the diagram below.

2.8.1 2.8.7 ............. ...............

Sodium atom,Na Chlorine atom,Cl Sodium ion, Chloride ion, ..

Activity 4 : Formation of covalent bonds

Fill in the blanks with the correct words.

1 Covalent bonds are formed when .. atoms .. electrons to

achieve . electron arrangements .

2 Types of covalent bonds:-

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

3 A single bond is formed when of electrons is shared between two atoms.

A double bond is formed when ..of electrons is shared between two atoms.A triple bond is formed when .ofelectrons is shared between two atoms.

4 Formation of hydrogen molecules, H2 :-

A hydrogen atom has valence electron, with an electron arrangement of...

It needs .. more electron to achieve the .. electron arrangement

..hydrogen atoms one electron each for

Shared-paired electrons forms a .. bond in the hydrogen molecule, H2

Single bond holds the two hydrogen atoms together because the shared-pair of electrons

is attracted to the.. of both atoms

5 Complete the diagram below.(a)

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(b) A covalent bond can be illustrated by using.

1 Formation of oxygen molecules, O2 :

An oxygen atom has valence electron, with an electron arrangement of..

It needs .more electrons to achieve the .. electron arrangement

....oxygen atoms sharepairs ofelectrons forming a..bond

2(a)

Draw the electron arrangement for the formation of oxygen molecule.[Proton number : O, 8 ;]

(b) Illustrate the formation of oxygen molecule using the Lewis structure.

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(iii) Draw the electron arrangement of the compound formed in (b)(ii).

(iv) State one physical property of the compound formed.

..