TUNDRA

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ABOUT THE TUNDRA  Arctic tundra is located in the northern hemisphere,

encircling the north pole and extending south to the coniferous forests of the taiga.

The arctic is known for its cold, desert-like conditions. The growing season ranges from 50 to 60 days. The average winter temperature is -34° C (-30° F), but the average summer temperature is 3-12° C (37-54° F) which enables this biome to sustain life.

Rainfall may vary in different regions of the arctic. Yearly precipitation, including melting snow, is 15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 inches). Soil is formed slowly. A layer of permanently frozen subsoil called permafrost exists, consisting mostly of gravel and finer material. When water saturates the upper surface, bogs and ponds may form, providing moisture for plants. There are no deep root systems in the vegetation of the arctic tundra, however, there are still a wide variety of plants that are able to resist the cold climate .

ANIMALS Herbivorous mammals: lemmings, voles,

caribou, arctic hares and squirrels Carnivorous mammals: arctic foxes, wolves,

and polar bears Migratory birds: ravens, snow buntings,

falcons, loons, sandpipers, terns, snow birds, and various species of gulls

Insects: mosquitoes, flies, moths, grasshoppers, blackflies and arctic bumble bees

Fish: cod, flatfish, salmon, and trout

VEGETATION

low shrubs, sedges, reindeer mosses, liverworts, and grasses

400 varieties of flowers crustose and foliose lichen

MT. FUJI If your Japan travel plans are to visit Mt Fuji,

head first to the Fuji Five Lake region (Fujigoko) at the foot of the mountain. Featuring some of the best Mount Fuji restaurant and hotel options in the area, the Five Lakes region is a perfect place to view the mountain or to prepare for the climb ahead. And as its name suggests, this resort area is famous for a series of crystal-clear mountain lakes that constitute one of the most serene Japan attractions. In addition to outdoor activities, and the many Mount Fuji restaurant and hotel choices, the Five Lakes region offers an amusement park with one of the world's highest roller coasters, Fujiyama.

At Mt. Fuji you can visit anytime of the year but the best time to visit is in the summer time when you can get away from the hot and sunny weather. You can climb the mountains it is important to remember that if you are planning to climb Mt Fuji you most likely won't be alone. Anywhere from 200,000 to 400,000 people (concrete numbers are difficult to come by) climb Mt Fuji each year. Of all the mountains in Japan, Mt. Fuji is the most crowded. The climbing season lasts from July 1st to August 31st. During this time the weather is stable and the mountain huts that serve as overnight camping spots are mostly open. If you climb Mt Fuji during this season, be prepared to struggle to the top with the masses, or if you are an accomplished mountaineer

WE HOPE YOU ENJOY!!!!!

AND REMEMBER YOUR WAY IS THE WAY!!