Tubig:Kinabuhi

Water is Life

Tamugan Surface Water Development Project

Outline

BackgroundLooming Water CrisisWhy Surface WaterWhy Tamugan RiverConflict between Power and Water

ProjectsDCWD Position

“. . .put the looming crisis over water shortages at the

top of the global agenda this year and take action to prevent conflicts over scarce supplies.”

UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon

Background

“Davao City is one of the nine water-critical urbanized areas in the Philippines where water is consumed intensively.”

NWRB says. . .

NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES BOARD

Background

Is there a looming water crisis?

YES!

Major CityExploitable

Groundwater (MCM/ year)

Water Demand (MCM/year) Ratio of Demand in

2025 to Demand in

1995

    1995 2025  

Metro Manila 191 1,068 2,883 2.7

Metro Cebu 60 59 342 5.8

Davao City 84 50 153 3.1Baguio City 15 12 87 7.3

Angeles City 137 11 31 2.8

Bacolod City 103 37 111 3.0

Iloilo City 80 9 47 5.2

Cagayan de Oro City 34 29 98 3.4

Zamboanga City 54 28 203 7.3

Source: Master Plan Study on Water Resources Management in the Philippines: Final ReportNational Water Resources Board (NWRB), August 1998

Water Demand and Groundwater Potential in Selected 9 Major Urban Areas

Projected residual volume of GW in the Talomo-Lipadas Watershed

Source: Asia-Geodyne Corporation, commissioned by DENR XI, MEIP and World Bank

YEAR GWR (MLD)

GWU (MLD)

RESIDUAL (MLD)

1997 280.5 134.61 145.8

2001 280.5 163.68 116.82

2005 280.5 199.03 81.47

2009 280.5 242.03 38.47

2013 280.5 294.30 -13.80

2017 280.5 357.87 -77.37

2011 280.5 280.5 0.0

Drop in Static Water Level

3.25 meters for 9 wells

2000-2008

UponDrilling

1977-1992

30 out of 43Wells are

Free-flowing

•Sources: 1981-82 C. Lotti-LWUA Study and DCWD ECD and PD

Decline in Forest Cover

1987 – 6,170 hectares

Source: State of Talomo-Lipadas Watershed: A Report, by PCEEM, 2006

Decline in Forest Cover

2002 – 2,593 hectares

Source: State of Talomo-Lipadas Watershed: A Report, by PCEEM, 2006

Bases and Indicators of a Looming Water Crisis

NWRB Data (Water Demand and Groundwater Potential )

Asia-Geodyne Corporation, commissioned by DENR XI, MEIP and World Bank (Diminishing residual volume of

GW)Decline in Static Water LevelDecline in Forest Cover

““certain surface water certain surface water development measures might be development measures might be required to secure sound socio-required to secure sound socio-economic growths.” economic growths.”

Groundwater sources in Angeles and Iloilo Groundwater sources in Angeles and Iloilo will be enough to meet water demand, but in will be enough to meet water demand, but in other cities (including Davao). . . other cities (including Davao). . .

Source: Master Plan Study on Water Resources Management in the Philippines: Final ReportNational Water Resources Board (NWRB), August 1998

According to the NWRB Study. . .

Davao City WD derives Davao City WD derives more than 99% of its more than 99% of its water from groundwater water from groundwater sources. . .sources. . .

DCWD Water Sources

. . . less than 1% from . . . less than 1% from surface water.surface water.

In May 1997, NWRB issued a water permit to DCWD to use water from Tamugan River with the diversion point at Upper Baguio, Baguio District.

NWRB PermitNWRB Permit

NWRB Water Permit No. 15729

Wet Season = 4.678 cmsDry Season = 3.440 cms

Why Surface Water?

1. Expand Service Coverage2. Improve pressure and volume of existing DCWD water

consumers3. Save on power cost4. Avoid depletion of groundwater5. Address increased demand for water which cannot be supplied

by groundwater

Level I

Level II

Level II and III

Level III (DCWD)

4834

62 23

86

45

115

113

9059

97

2774

11

13

12

53

6

10

33

9

40

5 10218

19 79

Poblacion

51

28

37

71

57

17

92

44

103

52

110

8015

54 32

21111179

68

55160 70

85

81

106 50

83 24

105

117

30

16101 78

65

1

4360

20

75

4677

14

95

66

98

8

64

158

73

25

76

99 3

7

164

159167

172

161

3588

6963

94

107 8731

67

56

82

84

61 58

175 173

9642

49 168

3936

108

26

22

116

89

104

9338

91

114

100

41

29

4 109

47

162

112

Agdao

177

72

Total barangays = 182Total barangays = 182

Served (Level III) = 106 (58%) Served (Level III) = 106 (58%)

Unserved = 76Unserved = 76

Sources:Sources:

City Planning and Development Office City Planning and Development Office

Davao City Water District Davao City Water District

Levels of Water Service

Expand Coverage Area

• New Water Service Connections to 30,000 households or a population of 150,000

• Improve quantity and pressure of existing 160,000 connections or population of 800,000

17

92

44

103

52

110

8015

54 32

21111179

68

55160 70

85

81

106 50

83 24

105

117

30

16101 78

65

1

4360

20

75

4677

14

95

66

98

8

64

158

73

25

76

99 3

7

164

159167

172

161

3588

6963

94

107 8731

67

56

82

84

61 58

175 173

9642

49 168

3936

108

26

22

116

89

104

9338

91

114

100

41

29

4 109

47

162

4834

62 23

86

45

51

115

113

9059

97

2774 177

28

11237

11

13

12

53

6

10

33

9

40

5 10218

72

71

57

19 79

Poblacion

Agdao

Unserved barangays

Barangays to be served by TSWD

Barangays served by existing water service

Surface Water Development

Groundwater extraction is power-intensive . . .

DCWD spends. . .DCWD spends. . .

PhP211 million/yearPhP211 million/year for for electricity. . .electricity. . .

DCWD spends. . .DCWD spends. . .

PhP211 million/yearPhP211 million/year for for electricity. . .electricity. . .

expected to increase to as expected to increase to as

much asmuch as PhP314 PhP314 million in 5 years.million in 5 years.

Why Tamugan River?

1. Enough quantity2. Acceptable quality3. IT IS THE ONLY RIVER in Davao City

VIABLE and SUITABLE for DRINKING WATER

DAVAO CITY WATER SUPPLY PROJECT FEASIBILITY STUDY--July 2000, by NJS Consultants and CEST Inc.

SURFACE WATER ASSESSMENT

Lipadas River - has a superior water quality, however, the flow rate is relatively small

Talomo River – contamination risk is high, reduced quantity due to hydropower plants

Davao River - highly turbid, operational costs will be very high.

Tagulaya and Sibulan River - rivers are outside the boundaries of Davao City.

Tamugan and Panigan River - Large flow rates make these rivers desirable as water source. Water quality analysis conducted yield satisfactory results.

RECOMMENDED SURFACE WATER SOURCE

Among the five bodies of water investigated, Tagulaya and Tamugan Rivers are found to be most desirable as water source for the entire Davao City. A Water Source Comparison Matrix is the result of the further investigation conducted by the Consultants.

Criteria Tamugan River Tagulaya River

Location Inside Davao City Outside Davao City

Water Quality Satisfactory Satisfactory

Watershed Management

Directly put under the city government

Security and watershed protection will not be controlled by the City

River Slope and Terrain around the

intake

Gentle slope and wide river bed

Steep slope & narrow river bed (no space for construction of intake &

transmission pipe)

Based from the above evaluation of the Consultants, TAMUGAN RIVER IS THE RECOMMENDED WATER SOURCE.

DAVAO CITY WATER SUPPLY PROJECT FEASIBILITY STUDY--July 2000, by NJS Consultants and CEST Inc.

Classification of Rivers

Class AA Public Water Supply Class I (for water having watersheds which are uninhabited and otherwise protected and which

require only approved disinfection in order to meet the National Standards for Drinking Water of the Phils.

Class A Public Water Supply Class II (for source of water supply that will require complete treatment

Class B Recreational water (for primary contact recreation such as bathing, swimming and skin diving)

Class C Fishery water for the propagation and growth of fish and aquatic

Class D For agriculture, irrigation and livestock wateringIndustrial water supply

Source: DENR DAO 34 series of 1990

Davaodel

NorteComval Prov.

Davao Oriental

Davao City

Davao del Sur

Davao del Norte4 rivers classified-Hijo (Class C)-Tagum (Class D)-Tuganay (Class B)-Saug (Class B)

Davao City7 rivers classified-Bunawan (C)-Davao (A & B)-Ilang (C)-Lasang (B)-Lipadas (AA,A,)-Talomo (B)-Tamugan (A)

Water Quality Monitoring Water Quality Monitoring (Rivers Classified)(Rivers Classified)(as of CY 2007): 26 & 1 DG(as of CY 2007): 26 & 1 DG

ComVal4 rivers classified-Agusan (C)-Kingking (C)-Naboc (C)-Matiao (C)

Davao Oriental6 rivers classified-Sumlog (A,B,C)-Baganga-Mahan-ub (AA, A & B))-Bitanagan (Class B)-Cateel (Class A)-Dapnan (Class A)-Manurigao (Class A)Davao Gulf all

classified SB

Davao del Sur5 rivers classified-Digos (B & C)-Malita (B)-Padada (D)-Sibulan (A & B)-Mainit (B)

Source: DENR XI

The Tamugan Surface Water Development (TSWD) Project

Infiltration Gallery

Water Treatment

Plant

Barangays that will benefit from the Surface Water Project

Acacia 6,677

Bunawan 28,695

Callawa 1,784

Gatungan 434

Indangan 14,658

Lasang 11,297

Mahayag 1,517

Mandug 10,833

Mudiang 1,794

Tibungco 14,987

Tigatto 3,725

Sub-total 96,401

Biao Escuela 470

Biao Joaquin 425

Calinan 28,176

Gumalang 286

Lacson 1,455

New Valencia 1,340

Riverside 23,503

Talomo River 2,919

Talandang 1,302

Sub-total 59,876

Grand Total 156,277

District 2 Pop. District 3 Pop.

The Conflict between DCWD and Hedcor Projects

Hedcor’s project will threaten the city’s limited water supply

Impact of Hedcor Project on DCWD TSWD

Pan

igan

Riv

er

Kidale River

Tam

ugan

Riv

er1. Operations of Hedcor will affect availability of

water for DCWD resulting to dependency of DCWD on Hedcor

2. Savings of DCWD on power may be used by other power users

3. DCWD has no other surface water source

DCWD Infiltration GalleryElev. 400masl

DCWD Water Treatment PlantElev. 325masl

Hedcor WeirElev. 537masl

Hedcor WeirElev. 745masl

Proposed HEDCOR ConveyanceLine Junction Box Location@ Elevation 530.0 MAMSL

Proposed HEDCOR Pondage Location @ Elev. = 527.0 MAMSL

20MW Power plant

Talomo Diversion WeirElev. 765masl

Intake WeirElev. 536masl

Hedcor’s Proposal

DCWD Infiltration GalleryElev. 400masl

DCWD Water Treatment PlantElev. 325masl

Pan

igan

Riv

er

Kidale River

Tam

ugan

Riv

er1. Hedcor build pumping station and pipeline to DCWD WTP at

elev. 3252. If water at 400masl is less than 4cms, Hedcor will pump shortfall

to DCWD WTP3. If Hedcor fails to pump, it will be penalized at DCWD selling rate4. Conditions be stipulated in MOA, ECC, and water permit

Why Proposal is not acceptable?

1. DCWD not after the penalty but reliable and continuous water supply

2. If Hedcor cannot pump due to maintenance problem, DCWD will not be able to supply water

3. DCWD will be dependent on Hedcor

Hedcor WeirElev. 537masl

Hedcor WeirElev. 745masl

Proposed HEDCOR ConveyanceLine Junction Box Location@ Elevation 530.0 MAMSL

Proposed HEDCOR Pondage Location @ Elev. = 527.0 MAMSL

20MW Power plant

Talomo Diversion WeirElev. 765masl

Intake WeirElev. 536masl

Effect of Hedcor Project to Groundwater Sources

“The modeling results indicate that a large component of the recharge occurs along the Talomo River”

Isabelle M. Proulx, Talomo-Lipadas Watershed Aquifer Characterization Study: 3D Aquifer Model, PCEEM Mission Report, February 2002

Source: Terrain Analysis July 2005 Mines and Geosciences Bureau-XI

Effect of Hedcor Hydropower Project on Groundwater Resources

Pan

igan

Riv

er

Kidale River

Tam

ugan

Riv

er

1. Affects the very high recharge potential for deep to very deep aquifer

2. Affects groundwater resources

Talo

mo

River

Hedcor WeirElev. 537masl

Hedcor WeirElev. 745masl

20MW Power plant

Talomo Diversion WeirElev. 765masl

Intake WeirElev. 536masl

Effect of Hedcor Project to Groundwater Sources

Source: “ACCESS TO CLEAN DRINKING WATER”, United Nation Development Project (UNDP)/International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)/Regional Cooperative Agreement (RCA) Project

Davao River(20%)

Talomo River80%

Rivers60%

Rain

40%

Dumoy Recharge Composition

Long-term effect of Hedcor’s Project

Groundwater depletion

Land subsidenceSalinity IntrusionHigh pumping cost

DCWD Position

Hedcor’s Hydropower plant will threaten Davao City’s present and future water supply. DCWD strongly urges that Hedcor would relocate its hydropower in other rivers.

SPARE TAMUGAN!

The Impending Water Shortage and its Solution (cont’d.)

“Because of the critical role of Tamugan River to the health of Davao City residents and to the development of Davao City, it is also important to declare Tamugan River as a single purpose river, that is, solely as the source of water supply for Davao City”.

04/10/2336

Dr. ED. B. PRANTILLA*USEP-SAEC and RECORD

Foundation

Conducted by PCEEM, MGB and Asia Geodyne Corporation

Good Day