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Najstariji indoeuropski Najstariji indoeuropski kalendar/posuda “ORION” kalendar/posuda “ORION” u pješaèkoj zoni u pješaèkoj zoni u Vinkovcima u Vinkovcima The oldest Indo-European The oldest Indo-European Calendar/pot “ORION” Calendar/pot “ORION” in the pedestrian zone in the pedestrian zone in City of Vinkovci in City of Vinkovci The oldest Indo-European The oldest Indo-European Calendar/pot “ORION” Calendar/pot “ORION” in the pedestrian zone in the pedestrian zone in the City of Vinkovci in the City of Vinkovci The walkway of the pedestrian zone, situated in Ulica kralja Zvonimira in Vinkovci, is decorated with the symbols from the oldest Indo-European Calendar/pot. During archaeological excavation in the location of today’s Hotel Slavonija in Vinkovci (Duga ulica 1), on 21 March 1978, a damaged ceramic pot (15 cm high and 16 cm in diameter), was found in the layer of the Vučedol culture, dated to 2600 BC or older. Twenty years later, in 1998, it is determined that the ornaments from the pot represent an astral calendar (Fig. 1). Four horizontal belts carved into the Calendar/pot represent characteristic constellations above Vinkovci, on the 45th northern parallel in the four seasons. Each belt (each season) is divided into 12 cells. The Calendar is oriented towards the night sky, but it doesn`t depict the Moon, it represents the relation between the six constellations, but also the Sun during the spring equinox (Fig. 4). The Vinkovci Calendar/pot is one of the earliest calendars in the human history, and the citizens of Vinkovci popularly call it the “Orion”. The seasons (spring and summer / fall and winter) are represented on the walkway of the pedestrian zone by constellation belts and orthogonal projection of the Calendar/pot (Fig. 2). Orthogonal projection “connects” the summer and spring / fall and winter. (Fig. 3). Each belt, or season, depicts the constellations dominating the night sky above Vinkovci: 1. Spring: Orion and the Sun 2. Summer: The Pleiades, summer Cassiopeia and Cygnus 3. Autumn: The Pleiades, Gemini and Pisces/Pegasus 4. Winter: The Pleiades, Gemini, Pisces/Pegasus, winter Cassiopeia and the dominant winter constellation of Orion. At the 45th parallel above Vinkovci in the Vučedol culture (3000.-2500. BC), new year began at the night of the spring equinox (21 March) when the Sun symbolically took over the position of Orion, the most important winter constellation. At the night of the spring equinox, three stars that constitute the Orion’s belt make one final, brief appearance in the Vinkovci night sky before disappearing from the horizon for several months (to 21 December). The Vučedol culture is a dominant cultural phenomenon which has had a significant impact on the entirety of the European heritage. The achievements of the Vučedol culture in today`s Europe, are as equally valuable as the the Calendar/pot (Fig 2) Orthogonal projection Slika/Fig. 4 Orion Pleiades Orion Plejade Cygnus Labud Cassiopeia (summer) Kasiopeja (ljeto) Sun Sunce Ribe - Pegaz Pisces - Pegasus Blizanci Gemini Orion Orion Gemini Blizanci Kasiopeja (zima) Cassiopeia (winter) Ribe - Pegaz Pisces - Pegasus Labud Cygnus Venera Venus Sunce Sun Vinkovci Vinkovci 45°17’15.28”N, 45°17’15.28”N, 18°48’10.63” E 18°48’10.63” E highest achievements of contemporary civilizations in Sumerian Mesopotamia, The Old Kingdom in Egypt („Pyramid Age“) and Troy I and II. Vučedol culture began to be formed between the right bank of the Danube River and the Bosut River. In the period between 3000 BC to 2500 BC, a large Vučedol settlement was situated in the area of today`s Vinkovci. The Vinkovci culture emerged from the Vučedol culture in the late 2500 BC, in today`s downtown Vinkovci. „Coexistence“ between Vučedol and Vinkovci cultures is best observed trough the archaelogical findings from the area of today`s downtown Vinkovci, on a regional scale. The symbolism of the small square-shaped area in the downtown Vinkovci, consisting of the pedestrian zone in Ullica kralja Zvonimira and the park on Ban Josip Šokčević Square, and bounded by three buildings, is interpreted by professor Durman: „Here, in the center of Vinkovci, the oldest European city, the symbols of universe, time and civilization stand together, (Fig. 5): 1. the M. A. Reljković grammar school building right behind us, representing ... knowledge 2. the City Museum building in front of us, representing .................................... tradition 3. the Church of St. Eusebius and Polion on our right, symbolizing ............................ eternity 4. the most important city road, Ban Jelačić Street on our left, representing............................ life The people of Vinkovci have a reason to be proud of their prehistoric heritage and the history of their city and the Bosut river – the European Euphrates or Nile – its miraculous right riverbend is the place where the European civilization originated and grew!“ www.project-vior.com . . Vinkovci 45°17’15.28”N, 18°48’10.63” E
Transcript of TThe oldest Indo-European he oldest Indo-European...
Najstariji indoeuropski Najstariji indoeuropski kalendar/posuda “ORION”kalendar/posuda “ORION”
u pješaèkoj zoni u pješaèkoj zoni u Vinkovcimau Vinkovcima
The oldest Indo-European The oldest Indo-European Calendar/pot “ORION” Calendar/pot “ORION” in the pedestrian zone in the pedestrian zone
in City of Vinkovciin City of Vinkovci
The oldest Indo-European The oldest Indo-European Calendar/pot “ORION” Calendar/pot “ORION” in the pedestrian zone in the pedestrian zone in the City of Vinkovciin the City of VinkovciThe walkway of the pedestrian zone, situated in Ulica kralja Zvonimira in Vinkovci, is decorated with the symbols from the oldest Indo-European Calendar/pot.During archaeological excavation in the location of today’s Hotel Slavonija in Vinkovci (Duga ulica 1), on 21 March 1978, a damaged ceramic pot (15 cm high and 16 cm in diameter), was found in the layer of the Vučedol culture, dated to 2600 BC or older. Twenty years later, in 1998, it is determined that the ornaments from the pot represent an astral calendar (Fig. 1).Four horizontal belts carved into the Calendar/pot represent characteristic constellations above Vinkovci, on the 45th northern parallel in the four seasons. Each belt (each season) is divided into 12 cells. The Calendar is oriented towards the night sky, but it doesn`t depict the Moon, it represents the relation between the six constellations, but also the Sun during the spring equinox (Fig. 4).The Vinkovci Calendar/pot is one of the earliest calendars in the human history, and the citizens of Vinkovci popularly call it the “Orion”.The seasons (spring and summer / fall and winter) are represented on the walkway of the pedestrian zone by constellation belts and orthogonal projection
of the Calendar/pot (Fig. 2). Orthogonal projection “connects” the summer and spring / fall and winter. (Fig. 3).Each belt, or season, depicts the constellations dominating the night sky above Vinkovci:1. Spring: Orion and the Sun2. Summer: The Pleiades, summer Cassiopeia and
Cygnus3. Autumn: The Pleiades, Gemini and Pisces/Pegasus4. Winter: The Pleiades, Gemini, Pisces/Pegasus,
winter Cassiopeia and the dominant winter constellation of Orion.
At the 45th parallel above Vinkovci in the Vučedol culture (3000.-2500. BC), new year began at the night of the spring equinox (21 March) when the Sun symbolically took over the position of Orion, the most important winter constellation. At the night of the spring equinox, three stars that constitute the Orion’s belt make one fi nal, brief appearance in the Vinkovci night sky before disappearing from the horizon for several months (to 21 December).The Vučedol culture is a dominant cultural phenomenon which has had a signifi cant impact on the entirety of the European heritage. The achievements of the Vučedol culture in today`s Europe, are as equally valuable as the
the Calendar/pot (Fig 2) Orthogonal projection
Slika/Fig. 4
Orion Pleiades
Orion Plejade
Cygnus
Labud
Cassiopeia(summer)
Kasiopeja(ljeto)
Sun
SunceRibe - Pegaz
Pisces - Pegasus
Blizanci
Gemini Orion
Orion
Gemini
BlizanciKasiopeja(zima)
Cassiopeia(winter)
Ribe - Pegaz
Pisces - Pegasus
Labud
Cygnus
Venera
Venus
Sunce
Sun
VinkovciVinkovci45°17’15.28”N, 45°17’15.28”N, 18°48’10.63” E18°48’10.63” E
highest achievements of contemporary civilizations in Sumerian Mesopotamia, The Old Kingdom in Egypt („Pyramid Age“) and Troy I and II.Vučedol culture began to be formed between the right bank of the Danube River and the Bosut River. In the period between 3000 BC to 2500 BC, a large Vučedol settlement was situated in the area of today`s Vinkovci. The Vinkovci culture emerged from the Vučedol culture in the late 2500 BC, in today`s downtown Vinkovci. „Coexistence“ between Vučedol and Vinkovci cultures is best observed trough the archaelogical fi ndings from the area of today`s downtown Vinkovci, on a regional scale.The symbolism of the small square-shaped area in the downtown Vinkovci, consisting of the pedestrian zone in Ullica kralja Zvonimira and the park on Ban Josip Šokčević Square, and bounded by three buildings, is interpreted by professor Durman:
„Here, in the center of Vinkovci, the oldest European city, the symbols of universe, time and civilization stand together, (Fig. 5):
1. the M. A. Reljković grammar school building right behind us, representing ...knowledge
2. the City Museum building in front of us, representing .................................... tradition
3. the Church of St. Eusebius and Polion on our right, symbolizing ............................eternity
4. the most important city road, Ban Jelačić Street on our left, representing ............................life
The people of Vinkovci have a reason to be proud of their prehistoric heritage and the history
of their city and the Bosut river – the European Euphrates or Nile –
its miraculous right riverbend is the place where the European civilization originated and grew!“
www.project-vior.com
.. Vinkovci45°17’15.28”N, 18°48’10.63” E
Najstariji indoeuropski Najstariji indoeuropski kalendar/posuda “ORION”kalendar/posuda “ORION”u pješaèkoj zoni u Vinkovcimau pješaèkoj zoni u Vinkovcima
Nogostup pješačke zone u Vinkovcima, u Ulici kralja Zvonimira, ukrašen je simbolima s najstarijega indoeuropskoga kalendara.Tijekom arheoloških iskapanja na lokaciji današnjeg hotela Slavonija u Vinkovcima (Duga ulica 1), dana 21. 03. 1978., pronađena je oštećena keramička posuda (visine 15 cm i promjera 16 cm), u sloju vučedolske kulture nešto starijem od 2600. godine pr. Kr. Dvadeset godina kasnije, 1998., utvrđeno je da urezani ukrasi na posudi prikazuju astralni kalendar (slika 1.). Četiri horizontalna pojasa utisnuta na kalendaru/posudi prikazuju karakteristična zviježđa iznad Vinkovaca, na 45. sjevernoj paraleli u 4 godišnja doba. Svaki pojas (svako godišnje doba) podijeljeno je na 12 polja. Kalendar je orijentiran ka noćnom nebu bez prikaza Mjeseca i bilježi međusobne odnose šest zviježđa, ali i Sunce i to na proljetnu ravnodnevnicu (ekvinocij) (slika 4.).
Izdavač/Publisher: Projekt Vinkovci zdravi grad, www.vinkovci.hrAstronomsko društvo Oton Kučera Vinkovci, www.kalendarorion.comŠportsko-pleska udruga Twist Vinkovci, Udruga vrijedne ruke Vinkovci
Urednici/Editors: mr. Mandica Sanković, dipl. ing. arh.,Krunoslav Kregar, Daria Fijačko, mag. ing. agroekonomije
Znanstveni rad i tekst/Scientifi c research: prof. dr. sc. Aleksandar Durman, Crtež kalendara/posude – Illustration of the Calendar/pot: Krešimir Rončević
Design pješačke zone u Vinkovcima s motivom kalendara/posude – Design of the pedestrian zone in Vinkovci with the Calendar/pot theme
Ivan Antonović, prof.Glavni projektant tehničke dokumentacije/Chief technical documentation planner:
Tomislav Marmelić, dipl. ing. građ.; HEVISTO, d.o.o. VinkovciGlavni izvođač radova/Chief contractor: Cestorad, d.d. Vinkovci
Fotografi je/Photography: Darko Puharić/Design Studio D; mr. sc. Vladimir Ćirić, prof.
Prijevod/Translation: Kristijan ŠarićTiska se u 1000 primjeraka/Printed in 1000 copies
Grafi čka priprema i tisak/Graphic design and printing: ZEBRA, VinkovciSiječanj/January 2012.
Slika/Fig. 1Slika/Fig. 1
Slika/Fig. 2Slika/Fig. 2
proljećeproljeće
ljetoljeto
jesenjesen
zimazima
SpringSpring
SummerSummer
FallFall
WinterWinter
Vučedolska kultura nastala je i razvijala se između desne obale Dunava i Bosuta. U središtu današnjih Vinkovaca u razdoblju od 3000.-2500. pr. Kr., nalazilo se veliko vučedolsko naselje. Iz korijena vučedolske kulture, u središnjem dijelu današnjih Vinkovaca, nastajala je vinkovačka kultura pred kraj 2500. pr. Kr. „Suživot“ vučedolske i vinkovačke kulture, najbolje se uočava, upravo u arheološkim nalazima iz središnjeg dijela današnjih Vinkovaca, i to na razini regije. Simboliku poruke malog kvadratnog prostora u središtu Vinkovaca kojega čine pješačka zona u Ulici kralja Zvonimira i park na Trgu bana Josipa Šokčevića omeđen s tri građevine, prof. dr. sc. Aleksandar Durman tumači na sljedeći način:
„Ovdje u središtu Vinkovaca, najstarijeg europskog grada, zajedno stoje simboli svemira, vremena i civilizacije, (slika 5):
1. zgrada gimnazije M. A. Reljković, točno iza nas, predstavlja ............................znanje,
2. suprotno, ispred nas je zgrada Gradskog muzeja Vinkovci koja označava.............. tradiciju,
3. desno, crkva Sv. Euzebija i Poliona simbolizira ............................................... vječnost,
4. lijevo, najvažnija gradska prometnica, Ulica bana Jelačića, označava ........................ život.
Vinkovčani imaju razloga biti ponosni na prapovijest i povijest svojega gradai svoj Bosut – europski Eufrat ili Nil – na čijem se čudesnom desnom zavoju,
nicala i razvijala europska civilizacija!“
www.project-vior.com
Vinkovački kalendar/posuda jedan je od najranijih kalendara u ljudskoj povijesti, a Vinkovčani ga danas popularno nazivaju Orion.Godišnja doba (proljeće i ljeto / jesen i zima) u parteru pješačke zone predstavljena su razvijenim pojasevima i ortogonalnom projekcijom kalendara/posude (slika 2.). Ortogonalna projekcija „spaja“ ljeto i proljeće / jesen i zimu (slika 3.).
U svakom pojasu, godišnjem dobu, prikazana su zviježđa koja dominiraju na noćnom nebu iznad Vinkovaca, i to:
1. Proljeće: Orion i Sunce, 2. Ljeto: Plejade, Kasiopeja (ljeto) i Labud, 3. Jesen: Plejade, Blizanci i Ribe/Pegaz, 4. Zima: Plejade, Blizanci, Ribe/Pegaz, Kasiopeja (zima) i dominantno zimsko zviježđe Orion
Na 45. sjevernoj paraleli iznad Vinkovaca, u vučedolskoj kulturi (od 3000.-2500. pr. Kr.), nova godina počinjala je u noći proljetnog ekvinocija (21. 3.), kada je Sunce simbolično preuzelo poziciju Oriona najvažnijeg zimskog zviježđa. U noći proljetnog ekvinocija tri zvijezde koje čine pojas zviježđa Orion još su se na kratko pojavile na vinkovačkom nebu, po posljednji put, prije nego potonu ispod horizonta na nekoliko mjeseci (do 21. 12.).Vučedolska kultura je dominantni kulturni fenomen, koji je ostavio vidne tragove na sveukupno europsko nasljeđe. Dometi vučedolske kulture na području današnje Europe jednako su vrijedni kao i najviši dometi civilizacija toga doba kao što su sumerska u Mezopotamiji, Staro carstvo u Egiptu („Doba piramida“) te Troja I. i II.
Slika/Fig. 3
/ Summer / Fall
/ Winter/ Spring
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Slika/Fig. 5
