Trust - HISA · they trust Google, Facebook, or their banks. But the rest of the world doesn’t...
Transcript of Trust - HISA · they trust Google, Facebook, or their banks. But the rest of the world doesn’t...
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dHealthNetwork.ioIvan Jasenovic - Founder - CEO of Sicoor.com
Trust
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Paradigms and tools change
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Leveraging the power of Blockchain
Decentralised
Secure - immutable - verifiable bioinformatic and
financial information
Decentralised
Secure - immutable - verifiable bioinformatic and
financial information
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Quotes
“As revolutionary as it sounds, Blockchain truly is a mechanism to bring everyone to the highest
degree of accountability. No more missed transactions, human or machine errors, or even an
exchange that was not done with the consent of the parties involved. Above anything else, the most
critical area where Blockchain helps is to guarantee the validity of a transaction by recording it not
only on a main register but a connected distributed system of registers, all of which are connected
through a secure validation mechanism.”
Ian Khan, TEDx Speaker | Author | Technology Futurist
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Quotes
“Blockchain solves the problem of manipulation. When I speak about it in the West, people say
they trust Google, Facebook, or their banks. But the rest of the world doesn’t trust organizations and
corporations that much — I mean Africa, India, the Eastern Europe, or Russia. It’s not about the
places where people are really rich. Blockchain’s opportunities are the highest in the countries that
haven’t reached that level yet.”
Vitalik Buterin, inventor of Ethereum
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dHealthNetwork.ioIvan Jasenovic - Founder - CEO of Sicoor.com
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Avionics Engineer - Entrepreneur
Steve is a serial entrepreneur, investor, business owner and engineer. He has
sourced start-up financing for companies such as Cyberdefender, International
Silver and Playsino. He is co-founder of Sicoor.
He is also co-founder and Managing Member of Dilato Point Capital, Founder and
President of SEBA Ventures and Ancillatech. As a business owner, he is a partner
at Kona Beri Frozen Yogurt.
As an Electrical/Mechanical Engineer, Steve consults for companies in the
aerospace/defense industry, such as Lockheed-Martin, Rocketdyne, Raytheon and
Northrop-Grumman.
Steve Asetre
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Trusted Friends
History
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Trusted Friends
History
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Trust Me Yet?
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Stennis Space Center Director
Richard J. Gilbrech serves as director of NASA’s John C. Stennis Space Center
near Bay St. Louis, MS, since his appointment to the position in 2012. As director,
he provides executive leadership, overall direction and management of the center.
He is responsible for implementing NASA's mission in the area of rocket propulsion
testing, developing and maintaining NASA's world-class rocket propulsion test
facilities. He serves as a federal manager hosting an integrated multi-agency
federal laboratory.
Stennis is a unique federal city that is home to more than 40 federal, state,
academic and private organizations and numerous technology-based companies.
Dr. Richard J. Gilbrech
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Professor, Astronaut, PhD
Gregory Errol Chamitoff born 6 August 1962 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada is an
engineer and NASA astronaut. He was assigned to Expedition 17 and flew to the
International Space Station on STS-124, launching 31 May 2008.
He was in space 198 days, joining Expedition 18 after Expedition 17 left the station,
and returned to Earth 30 November 2008 on STS-126. Chamitoff served as a
mission specialist on the STS-134 mission, which was the last flight of Space
Shuttle Endeavour and delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.
Now with over 200 days in space, Professor Chamitoff spends half the year in
Australia and the other half in Texas teaching Aeronautical and engineering
students.
Gregory Chamitoff
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What does the blockchain do?
Functionally, blockchains are..
● A database (Ledger)
○ Record of transactions
● A compute platform
○ “Smart Contracts”
● Distributed, and no central owner
Central Trust Using a
Third-Party
Distributed Trust
Using a Blockchain
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Network Blockchain
Proof of Work - dHt -Identity
Proof of Stake - Storage Keys
Side Chain - Voting Tokens
Proof of Stake - Research Data
Membership - Ledger
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A Network of Nodes
A network of so-called computing
“nodes” make up the blockchain.
Node
(computer connected to the blockchain
network using a client that performs
the task of validating and relaying
transactions) gets a copy of the
blockchain, which gets downloaded
automatically upon joining the
blockchain network.
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A GLOBAL CONCERN
OUR HEALTH
AND
THE HEALTH OF OUR FAMILIES
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Who will use the Blockchain
Membership
Investment
Services
Research
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Blockchain & Conventional Medicine
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Health Record Keeping - EMR
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EMR - Bioinformatics - History
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Flat Earth Payment
The Payment Problem:
All the players in the
healthcare universe
communicating and
getting paid
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Global Health Jurisdiction
Consumers
Medical Service
Providers
Researchers
Investors
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Action Projects
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Action Projects
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Action Projects = Taxi Hires
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dHealthNetwork app
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Proof of Stake
Proof of Stake (PoS) happens by a miner putting up a stake, or locking up an
amount of their coins, to verify a block of transactions. The cryptographic
calculations in PoS are much simpler for computers to solve: you only need to
prove you own a certain percentage of all coins available in a given currency. For
example, if you somehow owned 2% of all Ether (ETH), you’d be able to mine 2%
of all transactions across Ethereum.
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Proof of Work
Proof of Work happens through miners trying to solve exceptionally difficult math
problems. Finding a solution is basically a guessing game, but checking if a
solution is correct is easy. Miners aren’t able to cheat the system because it takes
real-world resources to work out these solutions.
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Hyperledger
Hyperledger Fabric is a platform for distributed ledger solutions, underpinned by a
modular architecture delivering high degrees of confidentiality, resiliency, flexibility
and scalability. It is designed to support pluggable implementations of different
components, and accommodate the complexity and intricacies that exist across
the economic ecosystem.
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Token Release
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Key Considerations
1. What are the pain points in the current system?
2. What do you want to achieve?
3. Who are the key stakeholders?
4. What are the key relationships?
5. Are there other “smart” initiatives?
6. What are the logic paths?
7. How can the blockchain architecture be built into the existing transaction
framework?
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CIA Information Security Properties
● Confidentiality
○ Only Disclosed to authorised parties (Control Reading)
● Integrity
○ Only updated by authorised parties: accurate, well-formed (Control writing)
● Availability
○ Can access when required
● Etc (Anonymity, Privacy, Non-repudiation, ...)
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Many Kinds of “Healthcare” Systems
● Overall national system of hospitals, government, professionals,
supply/suppliers, insurers, etc
● Hospital management systems
● Practice management systems
● Pharmaceutical supply chain systems
● Adverse event reporting and management systems
● Medical insurance and payment systems
● Complex medical devices
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Security for Health Information?
● Threat model
■ “The main threat the medical privacy is abuse of authorised access by insiders, and the
most common threat vector is social engineering.” (Anderson, 2008)
○ Centralised data increases both value and number of people with access
○ Reidentification attacks won’t stop just because they are illegal
● What Security Properties are Key for Clinical Information Systems
○ Privacy? Consent?
● What is a good Security Policy Model?
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Generic Privacy Policies Are Not Enough?
● Lots of the people think they have the right to access your medical data
○ Public health benefit from the access to data by medical researchers
○ Public economic benefit from access to date by government, admin, (insurers?)
○ BUT there are public health harms if patients lose trust in privacy of data
● Healthcare is complex, and is held to higher ethical standards
○ “The Collection, linking and use of data in biomedical research and health care: ethical issues”
(Nuffield Council on Bioethics,2015)
○ “Donation” of data may be limited to purposes
○ Consent is complicated by shared genetics/family history
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Blockchain Non-Functional Trade-Offs
● Compared to conventional database & script engines, blockchains have:
○ (+) Integrity, Non-repudiation
○ (-) Confidentiality, Privacy
○ (-) Modifiability
○ (-) Throughput/ Scalability/ Big Data
○ (+/ -) Availability/ Latency
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Potential Blockchain Use Cases
● Financial Services
○ Digital Currency
○ (International)
Payment
○ Reconciliation
○ Settlement
○ Markets
○ Trade finance
● Government Services
○ Registry & Identity
○ Grants & Social
security
○ Quota management
○ Taxation
● Enterprise and
Industry
○ Supply chain
○ IoT
○ Metered access
○ Digital rights and IP
○ Data management
○ Attesation
○ Inter-divisional
accounting
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When to Use a Blockchain?
● You’ll use a blockchain as part of a broader solution, for data storage,
compute, and/or communication
● Benefit from blockchain’s advantages
○ Logically-centralised, but administratively and physically distributed
● Deal with blockchain’s limitations
○ Work around limitations with other mechanisms
○ Choose a use case where limitations don’t matter
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Building a blockchain in the Health Industry
● Design Issues
○ How is the blockchain being used?
○ Is this use efficient?
● Tech issues
○ What blockchain is being used?
○ Is this type of blockchain safe?
● Data issues
○ How does the blockchain use data?
○ Is it using data properly?
● Governance issues
○ How is the blockchain run?
○ Is the operation fair
● Legal issues
○ Is the blockchain’s operation supported
by law
● Systemic issues
○ Will the blockchain affect others?
○ Will it affect system stability?
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Blockchain
Efficient
Fair
SafeStable
ProperLawful
● Design Issues
○ How is the blockchain
being used?
○ Is this use efficient?
● Tech issues
○ What blockchain is
being used?
○ Is this type of
blockchain safe?
● Data issues
● Governance issues
○ How is the
blockchain run?
○ Is the operation fair
● Legal issues
○ Is the blockchain’s
operation supported
by law
● Systemic issues
○ Will the blockchain King & Wood Mallesons / www.kwm.com
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The code is not law. Really.
● Contract
● Property
● Privacy
● Regulation
● Public Law
● Private Law
● International Law
Legal Issues Legal FrameworkLegal
Landscape
King & Wood Mallesons / www.kwm.com
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Standards of care
Public, Private &
International Law
BCBS ISDACPSS-
IOSCO
UNIDROIT UNCITRAL FSB ICMA AFMA
Identification
Recognition
Harmonisation
● Identifying
the actions
which need to
work with laws.
● Recognizing
those actions
under local
laws.
● Harmonizing
those local laws
so that actions
can be taken
across borders.
King & Wood Mallesons / www.kwm.com
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The Blockchain & Enhanced security
By storing data across its network, the blockchain eliminates the risks that come with data being held centrally.
Its network lacks centralized points of vulnerability that computer hackers can exploit. Today’s internet has security
problems that are familiar to everyone. We all rely on the “username/password” system to protect our identity and assets
online. Blockchain security methods use encryption technology.
The basis for this are the so-called public and private “keys”. A “public key” (a long, randomly-generated string of numbers)
is a users’ address on the blockchain. Bitcoins sent across the network gets recorded as belonging to that address. The
“private key” is like a password that gives its owner access to their Bitcoin or other digital assets. Store your data on the
blockchain and it is incorruptible. This is true, although protecting your digital assets will also require safeguarding of your
private key by printing it out, creating what’s referred to as a paper wallet.
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Centralized Decentralized Distributed Ledgers
Distributed ledgers can be public or private and vary in their
structure and size
Public blockchains
Require computer processing power to confirm transactions
(“Mining”)
The New Networks
● Users are anonymous
● Each user has a copy
of the ledger and
participates in
confirming
transactions
independently
● Users are not anonymous
● Permission is required for
users to have a copy of the
ledger and participate in
confirming transactions
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tokenrelease.dhealthnetwork.io/pledge