Tribal Profile of North East India

8/3/2019 Tribal Profile of North East India

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TRIBAL PROFILE OF NORTH EAST

INDIA

Presented by:

Shiladitya Mandal

Debajyoti Datta



Introduction

Demography

Distribution

Sex ratio Literacy Rate

WPR ² Work Participation Rate

Religion

Culture

Economy



Arunachal Pradesh



Apatani

Population : 27,576 ( Source: Census 2001)

Location: the whole plateau is spread over 52 sq. km. inthe centre of the Subansiri district.

Culture: They are industrious, compact and highlyorganised. The dress of the Apatanis is elaborate andcolorful, yet simple in style. Apatani women wereconsidered to be the most beautiful ones among all theArunachal tribes.

Economy: They are mostly cultivators and have surplusfoodgrains. They are self sufficient in cloth.

Literacy:70.6%

Source:Encyclopaedia of North East India, T.Ratan



Khampti


Location: Lohit district

Culture: They are the only tribe in the state to have

their own script. Society is divided into classes. Chiefsoccupy the highest position followed by priests

Economy: good cultivators and keen traders. They usebuffalo plough and skillfully utilise flow of streams and

rivers to turn their rice husking machines. Literacy:72.8%(highest in state)




Meghalaya



Khasi

Population : 1,123,490( Source: Census 2001)

Location: mostly in eastern Meghalaya in districts of EastKhasi hills, West Khasi Hills, Ri-Bhoi and Jaintia Hills. Somelive in Assam.

Culture: Society is matrilineal and matrilocal

Religion: monotheistic. However, they invoke God bydifferent names.

Economy:division of labour based on gender. It is a

market oriented economy. Child labour also exists. Theyengage in other activities such as fishing, hunting, andraising of cattle.

Literacy: 66.1%(highest in state)

Source: indianetzone.com



Garo

Population :689,639 ( Source: Census 2001)

Location: Garo hills. They are believed to have migratedfrom Tibet 400 years ago.

Culture: matrilineal like Khasi. The youngest daughterinherits the property from their mother. Garo people lovemusic and dance.

Religion: mainly Christians. Some follow the traditionalanimist religion.

Economy: Jhum cultivation is the main occupation( the hillsare only suitable for jhum). Paddy, cotton, maize, millet &pulses are grown.

Literacy:55.2%

Source: tribes-of-india.blogspot.com



Jaintia

Also known as Syntengs and Pnars

Population: 18,342 in Meghalaya (Census 2001)

Location: Jaintia hills. It offers some stunning natural

sights like green valleys, high plateaus, rambling rivers,

and cascading waterfalls.

Culture:They love music, dance, arts and crafts.

Economy: They are famous for artistic weaving, woodcarving and cane and bamboo work. They also make

musical instruments and jewellery.

Literacy:61.5%




Assam



Boro/Bodo

Population : 1.2 million ( Source: Census 1991)

Location: Udalguri and Korkrajhar

Religion: Bathouism (worshipping forefathers_

Economy: Weaving. Bodo girls learn to weave at avery young age.

Literacy: Bodo Sahitya Sabha. 61.3% (higher thanthe national ST avarage which is 47.1%)




Kachari


Location: Sadiya of upper Assam

R

eligion: Hinduism Economy: Agriculture, Sesame, cotton.

Literacy: 81.4%!! (India·s literacy rate is 65.38% ! )




Manipur



Thadou

Population : 182,594( Source: Census 2001)

Location: Manipur

C

ulture: The Thadou have a rich culture andnumerous tradition that are unique, interesting, and

impressive.

Literacy:57.1%

Religion:Christianity




Tanghkul


Location: Ukhrul district in Manipur, India and the

Somra Tangkhul hills

Religion : Luira Festival, composition on War Dance!

Economy: Livelihood mainly based on farming.

Literacy: 72.7%




Mizoram



Lushai


Location: Lushai Hills of Mizoram

They are strong, short and heavy members of Mongolian

type. They grow long hair. Language: Lushai

Culture: They reside in small village settlements, divided intoclans and castes, and are run by a headman. They build

houses with bamboo and wood. They are good swimmers andhunters.

Economy: collection and gathering of forest products.

Literacy:95.6%( highest for any ST tribe!)

Source: Ministry of Tribal Welfare



Chakma


Location: Chittagong Hill in bangladesh, Mizoram,and parts of Myanmar.

Religion: Mostly follow Theravada Buddhism Culture: They have a tribe leader called Dewan. He

is entrusted with the development and welfare ofhis tribe.

Economy: primarily farmers.

Literacy:45.3%( lowest in state)

Source: Ministry of Tribal Welfare



Sikkim



Bhutia


Location: inhabit the dry valley of northern Sikkim.

Language: Sikkimese is highest spoken language. Lepcha,Bhutia, Nepali, & English are also spoken.

Culture: Very distinguished dressing culture. Females usuallyprefer heavy gold jewellery and loose gown type garments.

Religion: More than 80% are Buddhists, with a minority ofHindus and Christians.

Economy: Agriculture, herdsmen ship and the breeding of sheepand yaks form the main source of occupation. Many of them areemployed in the Government sector.

Literacy:67.9%

Source: tribes-of-india.blogspot.com



Lepcha

Population : 40,568( Source: Census 2001)

Location: Sikkim, Nepal, Bhutan, Tibet

Language: They speak their own language called Lepcha, writtenin their own script.

Culture: Each Lepcha village is headed by a leader, who isresponsible for tax collection and maintaining order.

Religion: Mostly Tibetan Buddhists. Nowadays many haveadopted Christianity. Divided into clans, each of them reveres itsown sacred lake and mountain peak from which the clan derives

its name. Economy: Mostly agriculture. Hunting, once common, is seldom

done now.

Literacy:65.7%

Source: mytourideas.com, Wikipedia



Tripura



Tripura


Location: Most of Tripura. Scattered.

Religion: Buddhism

Economy: Agriculture.

Literacy : 62.1%




Jamatia


Location: West Tripura and South Tripura

Religion : Buddhism mainly.

Economy: Nowadays many youths are getting

education and employed in various state and

central government office

Literacy : 60.2%




Nagaland



Angami

Population : 124696 ( Source: Census 2001)

Location: Hilly Areas of Nagaland.

Culture : Angami tribes have similar cultural

elements. Rituals, customs are quite similar,

especially their custom of giving burial to the

deceased family members at their home grounds.

Economy: Exquisite Woodcrafts and Artworks Literacy : 68%




Ao

Population : 231823 ( Source: Census 2001)

Location: Their main territory is from Tsula (Dikhu)

Valley in the east to Tsurang (Disai) Valley (in the

West) in Mokokchung District

Religion : With the arrival of Christian missionaries

in the 19th century the Ao were some of the earliest

converts to Christianity among the other Nagatribes

Economy: Agriculture mainly.




Conclusion



Thank You

Tribal Profile of North East India

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