Trevor Kletz, · 2017. 2. 13. · Trevor Kletz, 1922‐2013 • "Safety is something a lot of...

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1 PSM/RMP “Best Practices” and OSHA Enforcement Update Jonathan Zimmerman, Kellogg’s Trevor Kletz, 19222013 "Safety is something a lot of people learn by accident“ “There’s an old saying that if you think safety is expensive, try an accident. Accidents cost a lot of money. And, not only in damage to plant and in claims for injury, but also in the loss of the company’s reputation.” “For a long time, people were saying that most accidents were due to human error and this is true in a sense but it’s not very helpful. It’s a bit like saying that falls are due to gravity.”

Transcript of Trevor Kletz, · 2017. 2. 13. · Trevor Kletz, 1922‐2013 • "Safety is something a lot of...

Page 1: Trevor Kletz, · 2017. 2. 13. · Trevor Kletz, 1922‐2013 • "Safety is something a lot of people learn by accident“ • “There’s an old saying that if you think safety is

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PSM/RMP “Best Practices”and 

OSHA Enforcement Update

Jonathan Zimmerman, Kellogg’s

Trevor Kletz, 1922‐2013

• "Safety is something a lot of people learn by accident“

• “There’s an old saying that if you think safety is expensive, try an accident. Accidents cost a lot of money. And, not only in damage to plant and in claims for injury, but also in the loss of the company’s reputation.”

• “For a long time, people were saying that most accidents were due to human error and this is true in a sense but it’s not very helpful. It’s a bit like saying that falls are due to gravity.” 

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PSM Activity2/2014 – 3/2015

Federal Citations = 857

• Willful = 11

• Repeat = 21

• Serious = 721

• Other Than = 104

State Citations = 332

• Willful = 0

• Repeat = 8

• Serious = 301

• Other Than =  18

• Unclassified = 5

DollarsInitial = $804,998 Settled = $116,764 

PSM Top 5 by Number of Citations2/2014 ‐ 3/30/15

MI = 17% (59)

PSI = 15% (55) MOC = 10% (36)

16% (35)

13% (29)

1910.119(j)(2)

1910.119(d)(3)(ii)

1910.119(l)(1)

1910.119(j)(4)(ii)

1910.119(d)(3)(i)(B)

Wri en MI Procedures

Equip complies with RAGAGEP

Wri en MOC Program

P&ID's

Inspec on/Tes ng & RAGAGEP

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PSM Elements

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

PSM Top 5 by $2/2014 ‐ 3/30/15

Written

 MI  

Procedures

Emergency Plan & 

Response 

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EPA’s CAA GDC• Covers a WIDE array of EHS/HHC

• Does NOT have to be a listed RMP chemical

• Facilities with 9,000#’s of NH3 and 4,675 gallons of FLAGS have been cited:– Failed to provide protections consistent with applicable industry codes and standards

– No hazard analysis performed using industry recognized hazard assessment techniques

– Failure to meet Recognized and Generally Accepted Good Engineering Practice (RAGAGEP)

– Inadequate signs and labels

– Lack of Documentation 

Don’t forget these items

• SCOPE of Audit Matters!– Fall Protection

– Fixed Industrial Stairs 

– PPE Hazards Assessments

– Respiratory Protection (Op’s, Maint, ERT)

– Egress labeling, lighting

– Fire Protection Systems

– Fixed and Portable/Personal meters

– PRCS Rescue Team

– PIT in HAZLOCs

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Take a look here alsoEmergency Planning & Response• ERP meets 1910.120(q) (Review OSHA CPL on 1910.120)• Verify Training records of responders• Verify Medical Evals, Fit testing (OSHA Respirator Physical is NOT enough)• ERT equipment inspection program

– Level A’s being pressure tested per manufacturer’s frequency/protocol– SCBA’s being inspected/tested per manufacturer’s frequency/protocol

• Bottle Hydro’s meet DOT

• EAP meets 1910.38– Contractors know how to report emergency, what the alarms sound like, what each 

tone means, where they go with each alarm– Actual head count procedure– Procedures for those operators who delay their evac to operate critical equipment

Even those site who do not have a response team NEED TO COORDINATE emergency activities with their community responders.

A LOT has changed since the 2009 economic crash… Local FDs have paired back the specialized services they provide.

PAY attention to DETAIL

PSI• RAGAGEPs Listed?

• Walkdown P&ID(s) to validate their accuracy

• Inspect HAZLOC’s for proper equipment

• Ventilation design matches engineering documentation?

• Relief System design matches engineering documentation?

A “Design Basis” is more than 

formulas and calculations!

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PAY attention to DETAILSOP(s)• ALL PHASES of operation covered?• Safe Upper and Lower Limits defined (same as PHA?)• Consequences of Deviation stated (same as PHA?)• ACTUAL steps to correct/avoid deviations?• Walk‐Down some critical SOPs to see if they are accurate (you may be surprised)– Triggers for activation of ESD

• PPE in SOP obtained from “certified PPE Hazard Assessment(s)” (1910.132(d)Take the time to PHYSICALLY WALK‐DOWN a Safety Critical Procedure such as RCar/Tanker Unloading or 

Emergency Shutdown Procedure!

PAY attention to DETAILTraining

• Done AT LEAST every 3‐years– Have operators walk‐down an SOP to demonstrate they can find the equipment and operate the equipment

• Means to VERIFY KNOWLEDGE?

• Training is on EACH SOP and SWP applicable to the job– 3rd party course help but are often times NOT process specific

• Look at the training Doc’s– Training on 150 SOPs done in 6 hours once every 3 years leads one to a lot of QUESTIONS

Training is a NEVER ENDING process in process safety.  We have three (3) years to get it all done – NOT a 2 year, 11 

month, 3 Week, 6 day, 16 hr training break!!

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PAY attention to DETAILMechanical Integrity

• Refer to PHA(s) to identify those items listed as “safeguards”– NOTE: EVERY Mechanical SAFEGUARD listed in PHA should be in the MI 

inspection/Testing program!

• MI procedures for PM’s– Does the data in the MI procedures MATCH the PSI data (i.e. SIS set points?)

• PM’s meet or exceed the manufacturer’s frequency (or RAGAGEP)

• Refer to W.O.’s for those who perform the work ‐ verify TRAINING

• Inspections on Vessels/Piping meet a RAGAGEP (listed in PSI?)

• Inspection/Testing documentation meets (j)(4)

• Equipment found to be outside established limits – removed (e.g. vibration analysis)

LOPC is often times the FIRST domino to fall in a fatal release of the HHC/EHS!

Top 3 Best PracticesContractor Work 

Permit

Car Seal Program MOC for Personnel & Staffing Changes

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Contractor Work Permit• Nested AND Un‐Nested Contractors can pose a higher risk to themselves and the facility

– Cultural Differences (they are in and out of many facilities)

– Not as familiar with SWPs and ERPs

– Usually hired to do hazardous activities that can impact process

• PSM & RMP require us to:

– INFORM contractors of potential fire, explosion, or toxic release hazards related to their work and our process

– EXPLAIN (i.e. TRAIN) applicable provisions of the EAP 

– CONTROL the entrance into a covered process, their presence/work, and the exit of the contractor from the process

– EVALUATE the performance of contractors in fulfilling their obligations

INFORMING of fire/explosion/toxic release hazards

• Usually a one‐time, annual training session

• Most contractors work @ multiple facilities– Each one having different SWP, ERPs, etc.

• Often the contractors have never even heard of our chemical or its hazards

• Some contractors may have limited education or learning issues

EXPLAINING applicable provisions of the EAP

• How to report emergencies (phone #’s, radio channels, etc)

• All the alarm tones/signals for the process AND facility

• Muster/Assembly Locations (may be different for each process)

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CONTROLING the entrance, presence and exit

• Most have a sign‐in/out process

• This process is often viewed as a “head‐count” exercise and not a CONTROL mechanism

• Operators AND Contractors need to know the status of the process, as well as the work taking place within the process

• Communication between operators and contractors is KEY

EVALUATING performance of contractors

• Audit the contractors during their work and BEFORE they are permitted to leave the process (housekeeping, LOTO, etc.)

• 3‐year PSM/RMP audit is NOT enough to meet this requirement

Solution = Contractor Work PermitWith a Contractor Work Permit

•Contractors get… – DAILY hazard assessment based on 

specific tasks and process hazards

– PPE Hazards Assessment based on current working conditions and tasks

– Specific instructions on SWPs for the tasks and process area

– Specific instructions on EAP for the process

• Facility gets… 

– To provide DAILY REFRESHER training on applicable SWPs and EAPs

– Face‐to‐Face instruction with contractor(s) on SCOPE of work

– CONTROL over the contractor’s entry/presence/exit

– DAILY COMMUNICATION with contractor supervision

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What is the real advantage?

IMPROVED contractor safety!

Remember:•Contractors working in our plant today may have 

– been trained 364 days ago

– worked at dozens of other facilities, each one having their own set of SAFTEY CRITICAL RULES

•Is the contractor safety training material tied into the MOC process at your facility?

•With some facilities having multiple alarms, multiple assembly areas, and multiple emergency phone #’s ALL based on the unit the contractors working in… do we think an hour or two of training once a year is meeting our needs?

MOC for Personnel & Staffing Changes 

Compliance View

•One of EPA’s top RMP citations is “not revising the RMP to reflect the new Emergency Contact within 30 days of the change”

– MOC on personnel changes will CATCH this!

•OSHA 2009 memorandum to RA’s on “Management of Organizational Change”

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MOC for Personnel & Staffing Changes 

Highlights from OSHA’s 2009 RA Memorandum•Some organizational changes, such as changes resulting from mergers, acquisitions, reorganizations, staffing changes, or budget revisions, may affect PSM at the plant level and would therefore trigger a PSM MOC procedure. Some examples of these include:

– personnel changes, including changes in staffing levels, staff experience, or contracting out that directly impact PSM covered processes; and

– policy changes such as budget cutting that impact PSM covered processes.

•MOC provisions act as a control point when organizational changes result in or could be reasonably expected to result in, changes that can affect covered processes. 

•CSHOs should consider issuing a citation for a violation of 29 CFR 1910.119(l) whenever an employer has made a change, or is in the process of making a change, to process chemicals, technology, equipment, procedures and facilities, …   As discussed above, this applies to such changes even when they result from organizational, personnel, or policy changes.

MOC for Personnel & Staffing Changes 

Examples of Personnel Changes:•Updating the RMP within 30 days when the “Emergency Contact” changes

•Updating the RMP when the “person responsible” changes

•Updating your “Respiratory Protection Program Administrator”

•Updating your EAP with “name or job title of every employee who may be contacted by employees who need more information about the plan or an explanation of their duties under the plan”

Examples of Staffing Changes•Going from 5 operators to 4 per shift may change your ESD SOPs

– 1910.119(f)(1)(i)(D)… the assignment of shutdown responsibility to qualified operators to ensure that emergency shutdown is executed in a safe and timely manner.

•Going from 8 hr. shift to 12 hr. shifts changes our PELs (Chemical and Noise)

•Changes to “minimum ERT staffing” for tasks such as PRCS Rescue, HAZWOPER, Fire Brigade

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Car Seal ProgramWhat is a Car Seal Program?

It is simply a device (i.e. valves, controls)                                   management program that contains: 

•a list of safety critical devices;

•their SAFE positions (could be either OPEN or CLOSED);

•a description of their location; and

•Identification of some type of “seal” that will prevent the device from being deviated from its SAFE position 

Why would I ever need such a Program?•REQUIRED by ASME Section VIII, Appendix M if your Relief System has intervening valves

•OSHA has issued PSM citations referencing ASME Section VIII

•Many facilities use “car seal” on valves identified in a PHA that if “deviated” would result in a release of the HHC/EHS or process deviation

Car Seal Program

Setting up a program:1)Do NOT use your LOTO locks (violation of                                    1910.147(c)(5)(ii)

2)Use ASME Section VIII, Appendix M as a guide for the WRITTEN MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

3)COLOR CODE the seals:  GREEN for OPEN, RED for CLOSED

4)REQUIRE the seal to actually prevent the deviation of the device (no “hanging” tags)

5)Program MUST contain a list of devices, location, SAFE state, and reason for inclusion 

6)Manage program like an SOP with annual reviews, MOCs when a device is added or removed, or its SAFE state is changed

7)Add line item to the PSSR Process, as well as  include specific devices in START‐UP SOPs

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Car Seal Program

Setting up a program:7)Include the car seal color coding in                                                      your  contractor safety training and                                                             work permit 

8)Car Seal program should mirror LOTO program in respects to “authorized employees”, “affected workers” and “other workers” so that anyone coming across a car seal KNOWS

9)Set time limits for deviation of these safety critical devices and if the time limit is exceeded, require a Temporary MOC to allow the deviation to continue

12)First year – AUDIT QUARTERLY; based on results ‐ establish program audit frequencies

13)Implement a VALVE DEVIATION BOARD in the control room so it is OBVIOUS when a valve is deviated and which one and why

Spot the Valve(s)

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Executive Order 13650Improving Chemical Facility Safety & Security

• https://www.osha.gov/chemicalexecutiveorder/

• Retail Exemption – Change in interpretation

• September 30, 2016

Potential Changes‐ OSHA PSM

• Clarifying Atmospheric Storage Tank Exemption –known as Meer decision

• CCPS – Risk Based Process Safety

• Adding definition to RAGAGEP

• Requiring evaluation of RAGAGEP

• Management of Organizational Change

• Adding chemicals

• Updating Ammonium Nitrate rules

• Expand Mech Integrity to Safety  critical equipment

• Third Party Compliance Audits

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Potential Changes – EPA RMP

• Add ammonium nitrate and other chemicals• Lowering or raising thresholds• Safer technology and alternatives• Emergency Drills• Automated detection and monitoring• Worst Case scenario and numerous small vessels stored close together

• Public disclosure• NAICS codes automatically in Program level 3• Safety Case Regulatory Model

References

• Safety Case http://www.csb.gov/assets/1/7/WorkingPaper_87.pdf

• Overview of Risk Based Process Safety

http://www.aiche.org/ccps/resources/publications/books/guidelines‐risk‐based‐process‐safetyccps/documents/overview

• Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS)http://www.aiche.org/ccps

• Mary K O’Connor Process Safety Center – Texas A&M http://process‐safety.tamu.edu/

• Chemical Safety Board http://www.csb.gov/videos/

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THANKS for your time and attention 

Now we will take any QUESTIONS or COMMENTS

Jonathan Zimmerman, CSPEHS Manager

Special thanks to Bryan Haywood for his input,