Hyderabad,)11)October)2012)

M"S"Swaminathan,"FRS"UNESCO'Chair'in'Ecotechnology'

M'S'Swaminathan'Research'Foundation,'Chennai,'India'

Biodiversity"and"Agro8forestry"

CoP"11"Convention"on"Biological"Diversity"International"Centre"for"Research"in"Agroforestry"

(ICRAF)"

Agroforestry"Systems"

Combating"Hidden"Hunger"/"Moringa"oleifera"

Annual"Moringa"Variety"

developed"at"the"Tamil"Nadu"Agricultural"University"

Promote"the"Consumption"of"Millet"and"Moringa�

Rich"source"of"Vitamin"C"

Genetic"homogeneity"enhances"genetic"

vulnerability"to"pests""

Leucaena"leucocephala"(Subabul"in"India)"

Mitigating"Climate"Change":""Role"of"Terrestrial"Carbon"Banks"

o  Global'net'primary'productivity'(NPP)'='120'Gt/c/year'o  Most' of' it' is' returned' to' the' atmosphere' through' plant' and'

soil'respiration'o  If'10%'of'NPP'is'retained'in'the'terrestrial'biosphere'(ie,'soil,'

plants,' wetlands,' mangrove' ecosystems)' ,' 12' Gt/c/year' can'become'part'of'a'terrestrial'carbon'bank'

o  Increasing'soil'C'pool'by'1'ton'c/ha/year'in'the'root'zone'can'increase'food'production'by'30'to'50'million'tonnes'

Source:(Dr(Rattan(Lal(

Mitigation"(Reducing"Green"Gas"Emissions)"

Carbon'dioxide''

Reducing' deforestation' and' forest'degradat ion' and' promoting'afforestation'(REDD)''

Methane' Biogas'Plants''

Nitrous'Oxide' Neem'Coated'Urea'

A"Biogas"Plant,"a"few"Fertilizer"Tress"and"a"Farm"Pond"in"every"Farm"

Agro8Forestry"System"involving"Fertilizer"Trees""

Building"Soil"Carbon"Banks"

19 varieties of Yam in 4 species were in Cultivation (as of 2006) but less than 5 in rural market and none in urban market

Dioscorea alata 1.  Inchikachil I & II` 2.  Kuzhikavithu I 3.  Kuzhikavithu II 4.  Quintalkachil I 5.  Quintalkachil II 6.  Anakomban 7.  Kaduvakkayyan 8.  Urulan kachil 9.  Kuppathottikizhangu 10.  Elivalankachil 11.  Neendi/Veetukizhangu 12.  Vella kachil I & II 13.  Chorakachil/cherakachil/chuvappukachil/ Neela kachil I, II & III Dioscorea esculenta 14. Nanakizhangu 15. Vella Enchi kachil 16. Mullan Kachil Dioscorea rotundata 17.Africankachil 18. Thoonankachi Dioscorea bulbifera 19. Erachikachil/Adathappu

Life Saving Crops

in Wayanad

Convention"on"Biological"Diversity"

Mixed"Cropping"–"Coping"Mechanism"Against""Natural"Calamities"

Kolli"Hills,"Tamil"Nadu"

Climate"Smart"Nutri"Cereals"

The' goal' of' the' Biovalley' is' to' promote'biohappiness'among'tribal' families'through'integrated' attention' to' the' conservation,'sustainable'use'and'equitable'sharing'of'the'bioresources' of' the' area' leading' to' health,'work' and' income' security.' Conservation'Farming' will' include' steps' for' soil' health'enhancement,' harvesting' and' efVicient' use'of'rain'water'and'saving'and'using'plants'for'saving'lives'and'strengthening'livelihoods.'

Herbal"Biovalley"

Linking'Biodiversity,'Biotechnology'and'Business'in'a'mutually'reinforcing'manner'

Biovalley'is'to'Biotechnology'(BT),'what'Silicon'Valley'is'to'Information'Technology'(IT)'

Rio"+"20"(2012)"

Convert'bioresources'into'jobs'

and'income'in'an'

environmentally'sustainable'

and'socially'equitable'manner'

Breaking'the'dichotomy'between'the'property'of'Nature'

and'poverty'of'people'

""Fighting"Genetic"Anemia"Community'Gene'&'Seed'Banks'

National'Gene'Bank'

Svalbard'–''Global'Seed'Vault'

Conservation'continuum'

A"similar"Seed"Vault"has"been"established"by"DRDO"

at"Chang"La"in"the"Himalayas"

Genetic"Garden"of"HALOPHYTES"at"Vedaranyam"

Obligatory'halophytes' Facultative'halophytes'

Tolerate'high'concentration'of'sodium'salts''>'3'times'of'seawater'salinity''Even'demand'high'NaCl'for''survival'and'reproduction''1560'species'

Most'of'the'species'tolerate'only'moderate'level'of'salinity''Reproduction'requires'low'saline'condition''Mangroves''60'species'

Converting"Sea"Water"into"Fresh"Water"through"Halophytes"

Agro8Aqua"farming"with"sea"water"

Rhizophora"plantation"

Sesuvium"plantation""A""halophyte""

Sea"Water"Farming"

Traditional"Wisdom"

The"sky"is"held"up"by"trees."If"the"forest"disappears,"the"sky"which"is"the"roof"of"the"world" collapses." Nature"and" man" then" perish"together"

Amerindian)song)Guyana)