Treaties pulling Europe together-NATO

NATO Members

• Belgium (1949)

• Canada

• Denmark

• France

• Iceland

• Italy

• Luxembourg

• United Kingdom

• United States

• Netherlands• Norway• Portugal• Poland• Greece (1952)• Turkey• Germany (1955)• Spain (1982)• Poland (1999)• Hungary• Czech Republic

Treaties pulling Europe together

• Coal and Steel CommunityCoal and Steel Community 1952 1952– BENELUX countruies (Belgium, Netherlands BENELUX countruies (Belgium, Netherlands

Luxembourg, +France, Germany, Italy)Luxembourg, +France, Germany, Italy)– 11stst supranational authority; pooling of sovereign powers supranational authority; pooling of sovereign powers

• EEC (European Economic Community EEC (European Economic Community 1957 1957 (same 6 countries)(same 6 countries)– Common market for goodsCommon market for goods– common farm and trade common farm and trade

Treaties pulling Europe together

• Later members of EEC –Later members of EEC –– Ireland, UK, Denmark (1973)Ireland, UK, Denmark (1973)– Greece, Spain and Portugal (1982-86)Greece, Spain and Portugal (1982-86)

• Single European Act 1987Single European Act 1987– all 12 members at that timeall 12 members at that time– abolition of last internal barriers to tradeabolition of last internal barriers to trade

Treaties pulling Europe together

• Treaty on European Union 1992 – Blueprint for monetary union (Euro)– common security– Common foreign policy

• New Members 1995: – Sweden, Austria and Finland (1995)Sweden, Austria and Finland (1995)– Rejected entry – Norway and SwitzerlandRejected entry – Norway and Switzerland

• “Schengen” treaty 1999: “Fortress Europe”– Yes Iceland, Norway, NOT Ireland, UK– Rules on freedom of movement – Treaty for common defense policy

• Euroland (2002): NOT UK, Sweden, Denmark, Greece

European Union/Euroland

The Belgian Curtain

Europe: the big picture

• Euroland: 13 states• Skeptics 3 states (Sweden, Finland, UK)• May 2004

– Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovenia, Malta, Cyprus

• Maybe – Bulgaria, Croatia,Norway,Switzerland

• On very long finger – Turkey, Albania

Irl 75% Be. 62% Ger. 41%

Lux. 75% Gr. 61% Fin. 40%

Ned. 73% It. 60% Swe 34%

Spa 71% Den. 53% Aus. 33%

Port 64% Fra. 49% UK 25%

Source: Eurobarometer 2000

Is your country’s membership of the EU a good thing?

BelBel 85%85% GerGer 76%76% IrlIrl 56%56%

It.It. 85%85% SpaSpa 76%76% Dk.Dk. 53%53%

NedNed 85%85% GreGre 76%76% UKUK 49%49%

FrFr 85%85% PorPor 66%66% FinFin 46%46%

LuxLux 79%79% AusAus 61%61% SweSwe 45%45%

Source: Eurobarometer 2000

Support for a common defenseand security policy.

Overall support for EU membership:Good thing 49%Bad thing 14%Not good nor bad 28% Don’t know 9%

Overall support for a common foreign policyYes 64%No 17%Don’t know 19%

European Support for Integration

New NATO Partnerships

• Partnership for Peace

• Mediterranean Dialogue

• Russia-NATO

• Ukraine-NATO

• Southeast Europe Initiative