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Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLCTreasure & World Coin

Auction #12Thursday, October 25, 2012

Session I: 11:30 am EDTSession II: 3:30 pm EDT

Friday, October 26, 2012Session III: 10:30 am EDTSession IV: 2:30 pm EDTSession V: 9:00 pm EDT

Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLCP.O. Box 1964

Winter Park, FL 32790 U.S.A.(407) 975-3325 • Fax (407) 975-3327

www.SedwickCoins.com

Bid LIVE at www.auction.sedwickcoins.comAuction and catalog production by

Daniel Sedwick, Augi García-Barneche, and Cori Sedwick DowningDaniel Frank Sedwick, licensed Florida auctioneer #AU3635, AB2592

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TERMS AND CONDITIONSBy participating in this auction, you (hereafter referred to as the “Bidder”) are entering into a binding contract with Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC (“Auctioneer”) and agree to the following Terms and Conditions:

1) Each lot will be sold to the highest Bidder unless the reserve or starting price is not met. Bids may be submitted in person or by mail, telephone, fax, email, or live on the Internet until each lot is closed during the live session. All bids must be received before the auction session begins. The Auctioneer or any of its employees individually cannot be responsible for errors in bidding or the loss or delay of any bids that do not reach us by the closing date and time, or for any technical glitches that prevent internet bids from being executed. All bids are in U.S. dollars.

2) Winning bids will be reduced automatically by the iCollector platform to the next increment above the second-highest bid. In the case of tie bids, the earliest bidder will win the lot. Bidders are advised to provide allowable percentage increases to avoid losing lots due to a tie.

3) A winning bid is contract between the winning Bidder (hereafter referred to as the “Buyer”) and the Consignor. The Buyer, even if acting as an agent for someone else, agrees to purchase the lot(s) he has won and to pay the Buyer’s Premium and any shipping costs, sales tax, bank-wire fees, customs duties, or other surcharges involved in delivering the lot(s) to the Buyer. Certain lots (particularly artifacts) may require special packaging and handling, for which a surcharge will be levied (also note shipping calculations will delay invoicing). In some special cases delivery may be arranged directly between the Consignor and the Buyer, at the buyer’s cost. At no time shall the Buyer have any legal recourse against the Consignor for any reason. Buyers will be notified as soon as possible after the sale with an invoice reflecting the total amount due and shall remit payment within two weeks of notification or within one month of the date of the first session of the auction, whichever is sooner. Buyers who do not receive notification for whatever reason are NOT released from their obligation to pay on time. If payment has not been received within these terms, the Auctioneer reserves the right to sell the lot(s) to any under-bidders for their lower bid amounts. Title to each lot does not pass until the item has been paid in full. Any late payments (one month past invoice date) will be assessed an accrued interest charge of 2% per month.

4) Unless other arrangements are made, all lots will be sent to Buyers via U.S. Mail when the invoice has been paid in full. All domestic shipments will carry full insurance, but foreign shipments are made at the Buyer’s risk (insurance available in some cases). Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC is responsible for loss or damage to lots only up until they are received at the address to which they are sent; any transshipment from there is the buyer’s responsibility alone. Generally, lots will be shipped in the order in which they are paid.

5) A Buyer’s Premium of 18% will be added to the winning bid for the total purchase price before any applicable tax or surcharges. Buyers who pay by cash, check, money order, wire transfer or direct deposit are eligible for a reduction of the Buyer’s Premium by 3% (net 15%).

6) Acceptable forms of payment are cash, check, money order, wire transfer, direct deposit, PayPal, Visa/MC, American Express and Discover. All payments by check or money order should be made payable to Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC. Payments by PayPal, limited to $5,000 per auction per buyer, should be made to auction@sedwickcoins.com. All payments shall be in U.S. dollars drawn on a U.S. bank. Please contact us for instructions for wire-transfer payments, for which bank charges may be necessarily added to the amount to be paid, generally depending on the country from which the wire originates.

7) New bidders who do not have established credit with us must supply commercial references in the numismatic field and/or a 25% deposit. Credit cards are acceptable in lieu of a deposit. If your bids are unsuccessful, your deposit will be refunded, but if you are a winning bidder, your deposit will be applied to your purchase unless other arrangements are made. Any bidders with an overdue balance with Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC must complete payment of their previous balance before their bids will be accepted.

8) You may opt for “either/or” and/or “total budget” bids on your bid sheet. “Either/or” bids are used when you want just one (or whatever number you specify) of two or more lots but it does not matter which of those lots you get. “Total

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budget” bids are used when you are bidding on more lots than you expect to win and do not wish to spend more than a specified amount. Both options are subject to a minimum of $5,000 total in bids and “either/or” bids are additionally subject to a minimum of $100 per lot (below that, bidders should bid live on the Internet instead). These options are not available for bids submitted via iCollector (either live or by proxy).

9) Most lots are unreserved, but some lots do have a reserve or minimum bid assigned by the consignor. Any reserve will generally be at or below the stated low estimate and starting price. All estimates are given in U.S. dollars.

10) As an active dealer, Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC is able to estimate a reasonably low wholesale level for each lot and reserves the right to reject any bids below this level (generally at least 70% of low estimate). Furthermore we reserve the right to reject any bids that we have reason to believe are not submitted in good faith. Starting bids are provided on iCollector when the auction is published, and bids below those starting bids cannot be entered. Prices realized do not necessarily reflect accurate market values so much as what the high bidder is willing to pay based on his own needs.

11) All items are guaranteed genuine and as described. Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC does NOT guarantee that any lots can be successfully encapsulated. Auctions are NOT approval sales, and therefore returns will NOT be accepted UNLESS there was an error in the listing. Note that grading and estimation of corrosion are subjective and differences of opinion cannot be considered errors. Also, any claims about condition census are as of the date of cataloging only. Lots encapsulated by PCGS, NGC or any other third-party company may not be returned for any reason. Disputes as to authenticity shall be resolved by submission to PCGS or NGC, and if their determination is inconclusive, then the opinion of Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC shall stand. Any disputes, including proposed returns, must be brought to our attention no later than 2 days after receipt of the lot(s) by the Buyer and BEFORE return shipment to us, with any applicable refunds to be made immediately upon receipt of the returned item(s) by us. All returns must be received by us in unaltered condition and in their original, unopened, sealed flips no later than one month after the date of the first auction session (note that late remittance, therefore, can negate return privileges). Any refunds for returns paid for by credit card will be subject to a 3% return fee.

12) Lots may be inspected at our private office in Winter Park by appointment only during our office hours of Monday through Friday, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. High-quality photos of all items are viewable on our website and on iCollector 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. All photographs in the catalog and online are of the actual lots being sold but may not be actual size or to scale. Color and brightness of online photos may vary according to your monitor and video-card specifications.

13) For any won lots that are sent to a Florida address, Florida sales tax (6% to 7.5%, depending on your county) will be added to all purchases of items that are NOT coins or bullion. Coins and bullion are also taxed if the total coin and/or bullion purchase is less than $500.

14) All bidders and consignors acknowledge and agree that the Auctioneer (Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC) does NOT guarantee that auctions will be unimpaired, uninterrupted or error-free and accordingly shall not be liable for such eventualities. Any errors in the printed catalog will be rectified on the website and iCollector as they come to our attention, and those corrected listings shall be deemed the binding descriptions at the time of the auction. The Auctioneer in its sole and absolute discretion may accept or decline any bid, remove bids and reopen bidding, withdraw lots, or change lot sequence or bidding increments at any time, even after the winning bid and winning bidder have been announced. Any bidding disputes shall be adjudicated by the Auctioneer, whose decision shall be deemed binding and final.

15) This auction is conducted in accordance with the auction laws of the State of Florida. The licensed auctioneer is Daniel Frank Sedwick, AU#3635, AB#2592. The Auctioneer and Bidder agree that the venue for all claims and disputes shall be the applicable court having jurisdiction in Orange County in the State of Florida, and that the prevailing party shall be entitled to all attorneys fees and costs. THE BIDDER AGREES TO WAIVE THE RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL.

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ORDER OF SALE

SECTION LOTS PAGES

Shipwreck histories .........................................................................................................

SESSION I: Thursday, October 25, 2012, 11:30 am EDTGold cobs by mint ........................................................................................................... World gold coins by country ...........................................................................................

SESSION II: Thursday, October 25, 2012, 3:30 pm EDTShipwreck ingots and bullion ......................................................................................... Shipwreck silver coins (chronologically by wreck) ........................................................

SESSION III: Friday, October 26, 2012, 10:30 am EDTSilver cobs of Mexico City, Mexico ................................................................................Silver cobs of Lima, Peru ...............................................................................................Silver cobs of Potosí, Bolivia ...........................................................................................Other silver cobs by country ...........................................................................................

SESSION IV: Friday, October 26, 2012, 2:30 pm EDTAncient coins ..................................................................................................................World silver coins by country ..........................................................................................Medals & tokens .............................................................................................................

SESSION V: Friday, October 26, 2012, 9:00 pm EDTDocuments .......................................................................................................................Shipwreck artifacts .........................................................................................................Non-wreck artifacts .........................................................................................................

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A NOTE ABOUT THE ORDER

As the world’s leading purveyors of New World cobs and shipwreck coins, we have always separated and highlighted our cob and shipwreck offerings from the rest of what we sell. We have preserved that arrangement in our auctions as well, with cobs presented in order of establishment of each mint (the rare and unusual mints at the end) and the shipwreck coins, ingots and artifacts presented in chronological order by wreck.

REFERENCES CITED

Where possible, in the description for each lot we supply one or more numbers in reference to acknowledged publications in the field. References used in this catalog include the following:

CT = Calicó’s Numismática española (2008), formerly by Calicó and Trigo (nine previous editions).KM = Krause-Mishler’s Standard Catalog of World Coins, various editions, including Spain, Portugal and the New World.Restrepo = Restrepo’s Monedas de Colombia, 1619-2006, second edition (2006).S = Sedwick’s The Practical Book of Cobs, fourth edition (2007).Spink = Spink’s (formerly Seaby’s) Coins of England and the United Kingdom, forty-first edition (2006).

A list of other, more specialized references used in our catalogs is provided upon request.

COIN GRADING and DESCRIPTIVE TERMS

From best to worst, UNC is Uncirculated, AU is Almost Uncirculated, XF is Extra Fine, VF is Very Fine, F is Fine, VG is Very Good, and G is Good, with Fair and Poor below that. (“About” or “A” means the coin is just shy of the indicated grade. Mint State refers to lustrous, choice UNC coins.) We do not always assign numismatic grades to sea-salvage and land-burial coins, which were usually Uncirculated (or close to it) before the effects of corrosion and/or cleaning. Corrosion is usually assessed, from least to most, as follows: none, minimal, light, moderate, and heavy. Also note that we sometimes use the abbreviations E for escudos and R for reales in the listings for Spanish and Spanish colonial items.

A NOTE ABOUT PHOTOS

Coin photos in this catalog are generally shown at actual size, with the exception of large lots, which are often reduced, as are most medals, paper money, artifacts, documents, artwork and media. Photos of coins in the most recent NGC capsules have four white intrusions into the rims of the coins due to a special design meant to enable viewing of the edges of those coins.

We encourage bidders to examine lots in person at our premises in Winter Park, Florida(by appointment only).

Please visit our website atwww.SedwickCoins.com or watch and bid LIVE at www.auction.sedwickcoins.com

Any questions? Please email usat info@sedwickcoins.com

or call (407) 975-3325

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Treasure and World Coin AuCtion #12Live on the Internet, Thursday and Friday, October 25-26, 2012

With a pre-auction low estimate of over $1.5 million, this is our highest-value auction to date. As you browse the 1884 lots, you will see trophy after trophy (MANY “finest knowns”) interspersed with solid material in gold and silver coins and ingots, plus all kinds of artifacts.

The catalog starts with a bang, featuring a collection of 30 Lima, Peru, 8 escudos among the 85 total gold cobs, most of them from shipwrecks and many in Mint State grade, with lots of rare dates (be sure to read our article enumerating all the dates and varieties known). The World Gold Coins section after that features significant selections from Brazil, including an 1827 Pedro I 6400 reis in AU-55 grade (lot 114), plus an MS-63 dobrão (20,000 reis) of 1726-M (lot 102). All of the Spanish colonies and Latin American republics are well represented, one highlight being a very rare Popayán, Colombia, 10 pesos of 1870 in AU condition (lot 160).

The highest value items, however, are in the Shipwreck Ingots and Shipwreck Artifacts sections: the former includes the largest gold bar (over 2.5kg) we have ever offered from the Atocha (1622) (lot 294), and the latter features several gold chains and an ornate gold vase from the 1715 Fleet (lot 1797) that we believe was meant for anointing the new Queen of Spain!

As always, the bulk of this auction is in shipwreck silver coins and silver cobs. There are several very rare wrecks represented this time, like the Warwick (1619) and the Whydah (1717), as well as a huge selection of countermarked Potosí cobs from the Capitana (1654) and Maravillas (1656). An excellent article written by our own Cori Downing about Mexican Charles-Joanna coins precedes a type-collection of choice specimens from that series. Both the Lima and Potosí cobs sections feature several Royal presentation pieces, with more “Star of Lima” cobs than we have ever offered in one auction. And don’t miss the Potosí Rincón 8 reales (lot 1023)—officially the first “dollar” of that mint—followed by long date-runs of pillars-and-waves 8 reales. There are even rare Panama and Colombia cobs here.

The World Silver Coins section is dominated by Latin American issues, as always, with several significant trophies in Chile (Valdivia 8 reales 1822, lot 1355), Colombia (Bogotá 8R “pillar dollar” 1770 in MS-63 grade, lot 1367) and Mexico (non-salvage 8R “pillar dollar” 1732, lot 1493), as well as a significant selection of rare early Peruvian Republic. There is even a US “fugio cent” of 1787 (lot 1685)! Also we feature a large selection of medals, mostly from South America, some in gold.

We round out the auction, as usual, with a smattering of paper items and artifacts, including cannons, fossils and other popular goodies. After all, collecting is supposed to be fun, and not just the pursuit of perfection. Here you can do both! Good luck and happy bidding!

The Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC production team: Daniel Sedwick Agustín (Augi) García-Barneche Cori Sedwick Downing

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SHIPWRECK (AND HOARD) HISTORIESThroughout this catalog we offer coins, ingots and artifacts from many dozens of different shipwrecks and hoards—”treasure” in the truest sense. So as not to break up the flow of the catalog in the listings, we offer the history behind each wreck here in chronological order. Some lots in the catalog do not have histories here either because we have no further information or what we do know is brief enough to include with the lots. Please feel free to contact us for more information about any of these wrecks or about shipwrecks or treasure in general. Also be sure to check out our new Virtual Shipwreck and Hoard Map on the web at http://www.sedwickcoins.com/map/map.html.

“Tumbaga wreck,” sunk ca. 1528 off Grand Bahama Island Before there were coins and Spanish Treasure Fleets, Hernán Cortés and his men acquired treasure in the form of Native-American gold and silver artifacts that were melted down in Mexico for easier transportation. The variable-fineness ingots thus created were known to archeologists but were not thought to exist until the discovery of a wreck full of them off Grand Bahama Island in 1992. After the salvage of what ultimately was determined to be a ca.-1528 wreck, the ingots came to be known as “tumbaga” bars and were subsequently distributed to the collecting community by Frank and Daniel Sedwick. Like most official Spanish colonial bullion, each bar was marked with the fineness (the gold in parts per 24, the silver in parts per 2400) and assayer, and especially with tax stamps to show that the king got his cut. On these particular bars the tax stamps show a legend that reads CAROLVS QVINTVS IMPERATOR for Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire (who was also Charles I of Spain, son of Queen Joanna). The “Tumbaga” Saga: Treasure of the Conquistadors, by Agustín García-Barneche (2010), gives the story behind these bars, particularly their history and manufacture, with complete data and analysis and photos of many of the ingots. Each bar is also described in detail in Tumbaga Silver for Emperor Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire, by Douglas Armstrong (1993), a professional conservator hired by the salvage company to clean and preserve all the silver “tumbaga” bars.

“Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean This wreck was nicknamed for a royal stamping (“Golden Fleece”) on several of the gold “finger” bars (ingots) it yielded. Practically all the coins from this wreck were Mexican Carlos-Juana silver coins (all assayers prior to S), including several rarities, the most important being three specimens of the Rincón “Early Series” 8 reales of 1538, the very first 8 reales ever struck in the New World (the best of which achieved a record in 2006 for the highest amount ever paid at auction for a Spanish colonial coin: $373,750!). To date the finders of the wreck have not identified the wreck or disclosed its exact location, but they affirm it was in international waters in the northern Caribbean. Though it was a relatively small find of a few thousand coins at most, it has been the primary source for Mexican Carlos-Juana coins on the market since the mid-1990s. Perhaps more impressive than the coins from this wreck are the few dozen gold and silver ingots it has yielded, all of which have entered the market exclusively through Daniel Frank Sedwick. The varying purities of these bars are reminiscent of the “tumbaga” bars (see above), although the later gold ingots were been cast in somewhat standard shapes (“fingers”) and sizes. The silver ingots from this wreck, popularly known as “splashes,” were simply poured onto the ground, leaving a round, flat mound of silver that was subsequently stamped with a tax stamp in the form of a crowned C for King Charles I and/or a fineness in the usual block Roman numerals in parts per 2400, much like the karat system we use today. The gold ingots also show a fineness marking, but no tax stamps or other markings, in parts per 24, with a dot being a quarter karat. Many of the silver and gold ingots from this wreck were cut into two or more parts, presumably to divide into separate accounts.

Spanish 1554 Fleet sunk off Padre Island, Texas The 1554 Fleet consisted of four caravels, the San Andrés, the Santa María de Yciar, the San Estéban, and the Espíritu Santo, all but the first of which foundered off what is now Padre Island in a violent storm. There were many survivors, but natives killed nearly all of them. Much of the treasure was salvaged soon afterward by the Spanish. In the 1960s two of the ships were rediscovered and salvaged by an out-of-state company, causing controversy by removing what Texans thought should belong to their state. (The third wreck-site was apparently obliterated by a dredging operation in the late 1940s on what is known as the Mansfield Cut, a manmade inlet.) Texas conducted its own excavations on the two sites in the 1970s. The 1554 Fleet wrecks have yielded almost exclusively Mexican coinage of Carlos-Juana (up to and including assayer S), some of which still washes up on the beaches of Padre Island. Even when found on the beach, these coins are illegal to own in Texas, which has declared them all to be the property of the State, but they do trade freely elsewhere. Uncleaned specimens (mostly beach finds) are distinctively rusty in color and therefore are usually distinguishable from coins from the “Golden Fleece wreck” above.

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Unidentified (presumably Spanish) wreck sunk ca. 1590 off the Yucatán peninsula of Mexico Salvaged surreptitiously by Florida divers, this wreck yielded Philip II cobs of Mexico, Lima and Potosí, some in remarkably good condition. Many of this wreck’s coins are recognizable by their jagged, truncated edges (from corrosion) with pristine interior details. Without consideration of that characteristic pattern of corrosion, the coins from this wreck can pass for Atocha (1622) coins, which is how many of them were successfully sold with fraudulent Atocha certificates in the 1990s.

San Martín, sunk in 1618 off the east coast of FloridaKnown locally as the “Green Cabin wreck,” the San Martín, sunk in a storm on its way to Spain from Havana, was the almiranta (the Admiral’s ship, effectively the rear guard of any Spanish convoy) of the Honduran Fleet of 1618. As that Fleet was nowhere near the size of the fleets from Mexico and South America, the San Martín was not carrying a large amount of coins or other treasure, most of which was salvaged by the Spanish after the sinking anyway. Modern salvage efforts on the site since the 1960s, as well as finds on the beach opposite the wreck, have yielded a few Mexican and Potosi cobs in generally poor condition.

Warwick, sunk in 1619 off BermudaThe finds from this wreck, salvaged in 1966-1967 by Teddy Tucker and Mendel Peterson, are all tied up in Bermuda, but a couple Mexican 8 reales cobs in poor condition entered the market via the personal collection of Mendel Peterson after his death in 2003. The ship itself, a supply vessel that sank in Castle Harbor in a storm, is significant as having delivered the first English governor, Nathaniel Butler, to Bermuda in 1619, ostensibly to promote salvage of wrecked Spanish ships there. Those Spanish wrecks, particularly the San Pedro of 1596 and the San Antonio of 1621, undoubtedly produced some cobs for Tucker and Peterson as well, but none of those finds have ever hit the collector market and are similarly ensconced in Bermuda.

“Rill Cove wreck,” sunk ca. 1618 off Cornwall, England The name and nationality of the ship are unknown and even the date of sinking is not certain. All we know is that records of its local salvage began in 1618. After rediscovery of the wreck by Ken Simpson and Mike Hall in 1975, eventually some 3,000 coins were recovered and sold, all silver cobs, mostly Mexican, but also from Potosí and Spain. Most of the coins are thin from corrosion but with dark toning on fields to enhance details. Because it is rather early, this wreck has yielded several important rarities like the F-oD dual-assayer issue from Mexico.

Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida Arguably the most famous of all Spanish galleons salvaged in our time, the Atocha was the almiranta of the 1622 Fleet, which left Havana several weeks late and ran afoul of a hurricane. Eight of the 28-ship fleet were lost, wrecked on the reefs between the Dry Tortugas and the Florida Keys or sunk in deeper water. Five people survived the sinking of the Atocha and were rescued by another vessel, but the wreck itself was scattered after another hurricane hit the site exactly one month later. The Spanish were never able to salvage what was one of the richest galleons ever to sail.

The cargo of the Atocha did not see light again until 1971, when the first coins were found by the now-famous salvager Mel Fisher and his divers, who recovered the bulk of the treasure in 1985 and thereby unleashed the largest supply of silver cobs and ingots the market has ever seen. Well over 100,000 shield-type cobs were found in all denominations above the half real, the great majority of them from Potosí, as were also the approximately 1,000 silver ingots (most the size of bread loaves). A handful of gold 1- and 2-escudos cobs were also recovered, mostly from mainland Spanish mints, but also a few from Colombia, officially the first gold coins ever struck in the New World. The Atocha was also the source for most or all of the first silver cobs struck in Colombia, as well as a few early coins from Mexico, Lima, Spain and even Panama. Even more significant were the many gold ingots, jewelry items, emeralds and other artifacts. Because of Mel Fisher’s huge publicity and because much of the treasure was distributed to investors at high ratios compared to their investment amounts, the coins from the Atocha have always sold for much more—anywhere from 2 times to 10 times—than their non-salvage counterparts, even in the numismatic market. (The “glamour market” in tourist areas elevates these coins to as much as twenty times their base numismatic value!) Individually numbered certificates with photos of each coin are critical to the retention of an Atocha coin’s enhanced value. Accompanying barcode tags with the coins also make it possible to replace lost certificates through a database system at the Fisher operation in Key West. With some exceptions each certificate also specifies the coin’s Grade, from 1 (highest) to 4 (lowest), a highly subjective evaluation of corrosive damage and overall quality. Most Atocha silver coins are also recognizable by their shiny brightness, the result of a somewhat controversial cleaning and polishing process catering more to non-collectors than to serious numismatists.

Santa Margarita, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida From the same hurricane-stricken 1622 Fleet as the Atocha (above), the Santa Margarita sank on a reef within sight of the Atocha and was found in 1626 by Spanish salvagers, who recovered only roughly half its treasure. The other half was found by Mel Fisher and company in 1980. Margarita’s treasures were similar to those found on the Atocha, with fewer coins in comparatively worse condition overall (yet not as harshly cleaned afterward). As with Atocha coins, original Fisher certificates are critical to the premium value for these coins, which is on par with Atocha coins. In 2008 divers with the subcontractor company Blue Water Recovery found more gold on the Santa Margarita and also a lead box stuffed full of pearls.

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from mules and put aboard riverboats to take the coins to Cartagena, on the Caribbean coast, where the coins were loaded onto galleons ultimately headed for Spain. Whether due to the sinking of a vessel or not, the “Mesuno Hoard” has been one of the world’s most important sources of gold cobs—basically the only source for Bogotá gold cobs of the early 1630s.

Concepción, sunk in 1641 off the northeast coast of Hispaniola The Concepción was one of the most significant Spanish wrecks of all time, serving the Spanish with a loss of over 100 tons of silver and gold treasure. The almiranta of a 21-ship fleet, the Concepción was already in poor repair when the Europe-bound fleet encountered a storm in September of 1641, leaving her disabled and navigating under makeshift sails amid disagreement among its pilots about their location. Weeks later, she grounded on a reef in an area now named the Silver Shoals, just east of another shoal known as the Abrojos, which the pilots were trying to avoid. After another storm hit the wrecked ship and the admiral and officers left in the ship’s only longboat, the remaining crew resorted to building rafts from the ship’s timbers. Survivors’ accounts pointed to drowning, starvation and even sharks for the approximately 300 casualties. In the fallout that ensued, none of the survivors could report the wreck’s location with accuracy, so it sat undisturbed until New England’s William Phipps found it in 1687 and brought home tons of silver and some gold, to the delight of his English backers. The Concepción was found again in 1978 by Burt Webber, Jr., whose divers recovered some 60,000 silver cobs, mostly Mexican 8 and 4 reales, and also some Potosí and rare Colombian cobs, including more from the Cartagena mint than had been found on any other shipwreck. Unlike the Maravillas 15 years later, the Concepción did not yield any gold cobs in our time, and any significant artifacts found were retained by the government of the Dominican Republic who oversaw the salvage. The bulk of the silver cobs found on the Concepción were heavily promoted, even in department stores. The site is still worked from time to time with limited success.

Capitana (Jesús María de la Limpia Concepción), sunk in 1654 off Chanduy, Ecuador This wreck was the largest loss ever experienced by the Spanish South Seas (Pacific) Fleet, of which the Jesus María de la Limpia Concepción was the capitana (“captain’s ship” or lead vessel) in 1654. Official records reported the loss of 3 million pesos of silver (2,212 ingots, 216 chests of coins, and 22 boxes of wrought silver), augmented to a total of as much as 10 million pesos when contraband and private consignments were taken into account. By comparison, the entire annual silver production in Peru at that time was only about 6-7 million pesos! Obviously overloaded, the Capitana sank technically due to pilot error, which drove the ship onto the reefs south of the peninsula known as Punta Santa Elena, a geographic feature the pilot thought he had cleared. Twenty people died in the disaster. For eight years afterward, Spanish salvagers officially recovered over 3 million pesos of coins and bullion (with probably much more recovered off the record), leaving only an unreachable lower section for divers to find

“Dry Tortugas wreck,” sunk ca. 1622 off the Dry Tortugas, west of Key West, Florida Presumably a sister-ship to the Atocha and Santa Margarita of the 1622 Fleet (above), the “Dry Tortugas wreck” was discovered in 1989 and reworked in 1991 by Seahawk Deep Ocean Technology. Among the finds were numerous gold bars (but no silver bars) and about 1,200 heavily eroded silver cobs similar in composition to the Atocha finds, all picked from the ocean floor by a robot. Cannons and other artifacts expected on a typical galleon were notably absent. The bulk of the treasure was eventually sold to a store/museum in Key West that later went bankrupt. Years later it all turned up at a bankruptcy auction, where the bulk of the treasure was repurchased by some of the former principals of Seahawk for a new museum.

Campen, sunk in 1627 off the Isle of Wight, England The East Indiaman Campen was part of a seven-ship fleet that encountered a heavy storm off the Isle of Wight in October of 1627. Seeking safety in the Solent north of the island, four of the ships attempted to navigate through the Needles rocks at the island’s westernmost tip and two of them—the Campen and the Vliegende Draecke (“Flying Dragon”)—sank nearby. Soon after, all of the latter ship’s cargo was saved, but only a couple thousand silver coins were recovered from the Campen, leaving about 8,000 coins to be found in our time. Most of these silver coins, recovered by divers beginning in June of 1979, were Dutch “lion” daalders, but they also included a few cobs, which are very rarely seen on the market today.

“Lucayan Beach wreck,” sunk ca. 1628 off Grand Bahama Island Since the accidental discovery in 1964 of around 10,000 silver cobs dating up to and including 1628 in 10 feet of water just 1,300 yards from the Lucayan Beach Hotel, the mystery of identifying the lost vessel has never been solved. Because of the date, popular opinion associates the wreck with the taking of the Spanish 1628 Fleet in Matanzas Bay, Cuba, by the Dutch pirate and national hero Piet Heyn, who reported losing two of the vessels on the way back to Europe. Three names proposed for the ship(s) by various sellers over the years were the Van Lynden, the Santa Gertrude (or Gertrudis) and the Romario, with scant evidence to support any of the attributions. Spanish archival research suggested a new name, Nuestra Señora de los Remedios, which sank in that general area in 1624. Since dates on the recovered coins extend past 1624, this attribution must be incorrect. A more recent recovery in the 1990s off Lucayan Beach turned up similar material, but no further clues as to the ship’s (or ships’) identity. Practically all of the coins have been Mexican 8 and 4 reales of the assayer-D period, some in quite nice condition and a few with clear dates, which are rare. Expect to pay a modest premium for specimens in white clamshell boxes produced by Spink & Son (London) in the 1960s for a promotion that capped off years of disagreements between the salvagers, their backers and the Bahamian government.

“Mesuno hoard,” lost ca. 1636 in the Magdalena River near Bartolomeo de Honda, Colombia The name of this hoard comes from “El Mesuno,” the local name for a bend in the river where, in 1935, many hundreds of Bogotá cob 2 escudos were found in the riverbank. The latest of the coins, most of which did not show their peripheral dates, was 1636. No one knows how or why the hoard was lost; but it is known that Honda was where freshly struck coins from the Bogotá mint were offloaded

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in our time. Ironically, the main salvager of the Capitana in the 1650s and early 1660s was none other than the ship’s silvermaster, Bernardo de Campos, who was responsible for the ship’s being overloaded with contraband in the first place. The wreck was rediscovered in the mid-1990s and salvaged (completely, according to some) in 1997. After a 50-50 split with the Ecuadorian government in 1998, investors sold most of their half of the more than 5,000 coins recovered at auction in 1999. Almost exclusively Potosí 8 and 4 reales, the coins were a healthy mix of countermarked issues of 1649-1652, transitional issues of 1652, and post-transitional pillars-and-waves cobs of 1653-1654, many in excellent condition and expertly conserved. As an interesting footnote, the very coins salvaged from the Capitana by the Spanish in 1654 were lost again on the Maravillas wreck of 1656 (see next), and some of those coins salvaged from the Maravillas were lost again in the wreck of the salvage vessel Madama do Brasil off Gorda Cay (Bahamas) in 1657. Furthering Spain’s woes was the destruction of another treasure fleet in 1657 by English marauders fresh from a victory in the Bay of Cádiz off Santa Cruz on the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands.

Maravillas, sunk in 1656 off Grand Bahama Island As the almiranta of the homebound Spanish fleet in January of 1656, the Nuestra Señora de las Maravillas was officially filled with over five million pesos of treasure (and probably much more in contraband, as was usually the case). That treasure included much of the silver salvaged from the South Seas Fleet’s Capitana of 1654 that wrecked on Chanduy Reef off Ecuador (see above). The ill-fated treasure sank once again when the Maravillas unexpectedly ran into shallow water and was subsequently rammed by one of the other ships of its fleet, forcing the captain to try to ground the Maravillas on a nearby reef on Little Bahama Bank off Grand Bahama Island. In the ensuing chaos, exacerbated by strong winds, most of the 650 people on board died in the night, and the wreckage scattered. Spanish salvagers soon recovered almost half a million pesos of treasure, followed by more recoveries over the next several decades, yet with over half of the official cargo still unfound. The first rediscovery of the Maravillas in the twentieth century was by Robert Marx and his company, Seafinders, in 1972, whose finds were featured in an auction by Schulman in New York in 1974. Included among the coins in this sale were some previously unknown Cartagena silver cobs of 1655 and countermarked Potosí coinage of 1649-1651 and 1652 transitionals, in addition to many Mexican silver cobs and a few Bogotá cob 2 escudos. The second big salvage effort on the Maravillas was achieved by Herbert Humphreys and his company, Marex, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, resulting in two big sales by Christie’s (London) in 1992 and 1993, which featured many Bogotá cob 2 escudos, more Mexico and Potosí silver cobs, and several important artifacts. The most recent big sale of Maravillas finds, presumably from one of the many salvage efforts from the 1970s and 1980s, took place in California in 2005, again with a good quantity of Bogotá cob 2 escudos. The wreck area is still being searched today, but officially the Bahamian government has not granted any leases on the site since the early 1990s. It is possible the bulk of the treasure is still to be found.

Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon”), sunk in 1656 off Western AustraliaMuch has been written about the loss and salvage of this Dutch East India Company trading vessel (known as an East Indiaman), which some consider to be Australia’s counterpart to Florida’s 1715 Fleet in terms of availability of reasonably priced cobs for collectors. In contrast to the Spanish treasure wrecks, the Vergulde Draeck carried only a modest amount of just silver cobs (eight chests totaling 45,950 coins), mostly Mexican but also some cobs from Potosí and Spain as well as some Colombian rarities. The ship was on its way from the Netherlands to Batavia (modern-day Jakarta, Indonesia) when suddenly it found itself wrecked on a reef some three miles from land in the early morning hours of April 28, 1656. Only 75 of the 193 people on board were able to reach the shore, and seven of them soon left in the ship’s pinnace to seek help in Batavia. When authorities there learned of the wreck, several attempts were made to rescue the other survivors and, more important, the eight chests of treasure, but no sign of the wreck or survivors was ever found. The wreck remained undiscovered until 1963 when spear-fishermen stumbled upon it and began to recover coins and artifacts. Subsequent salvage efforts, primarily under the supervision of the Western Australian Museum, whose certificates often accompany the coins and carry a small premium, have yielded only about half of the total coins officially recorded to be on board this ship.

San Miguel el Arcángel (“Jupiter wreck”), sunk in 1659 off Jupiter Inlet, east coast of Florida As well known as this wreck has become among the Florida treasure community and shipwreck collectors around the world, surprisingly little has been written about it, and not one major auction has been dedicated to its finds. The San Miguel was not a big treasure galleon in a huge convoy; rather, she was a lone aviso, a smaller ship for carrying letters and other communications quickly back to Spain. But unlike most avisos, the San Miguel was carrying some important treasure, as it was in the right time and place to take on samples of the unauthorized “Star of Lima” coinage of 1659 for the King to see. In October the San Miguel encountered a hurricane off the southeast coast of Florida, grounded on a sandbar, and broke apart rapidly, leaving only 34 survivors among the 121 people on board. Those survivors were all quickly captured by natives (Ais) and therefore had no opportunity to salvage the scattered wreck. Today only parts of the wreck of the San Miguel have been found, discovered by lifeguard Peter Leo in 1987, in about 10 to 20 feet of water and under as much as 20 feet of sand. Salvage is ongoing. Besides a couple of gold ingots and one large silver ingot, the yield to date has been modest, mostly low-end silver cobs of Mexico and Potosí, a good amount of the rare 1659 “Star of Lima” silver coinage, a couple Bogotá gold cobs, and some rare Cartagena silver cobs. All were sold through various dealers and private transactions. If the hull of the ship is ever found, as the salvagers think it will be, the market may finally see some of the gold cobs of the “Star of Lima” issue of 1659.

Bid LIVE on the Internet atwww.auction.sedwickcoins.com

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Unidentified wreck sunk ca. 1671 in Seville Harbor, Spain The city of Seville is situated on the Guadalquivir River, about 50 miles inland from the ocean port of Cádiz, where treasure from the New World arrived on sea-going galleons. From there the treasure sailed upriver by boat to Seville. Sometime in 1671 it is believed one of these boats sank outside Seville, or at least its treasure was lost there somehow in the river, for in the mid-1990s a large hoard of obviously salvaged silver cob 8 and 4 reales of Potosí, none dated later than 1671, and mostly in decent condition, began to emerge from markets in Spain without provenance but reportedly found in Seville Harbor during the installation of a fiber-optic cable across the river. It should be noted that the same type of coins (with characteristics identical to those from the Seville wreck) have been sold in recent years as having come from the so-called “Señorita de Santa Cristina” of 1672 off Cádiz, but we can find no record of this ship or its salvage.

Consolación (“Isla de Muerto shipwreck”), sunk in 1681 off Santa Clara Island, Ecuador When salvage first began on this wreck in 1997, it was initially believed to be the Santa Cruz and later called El Salvador y San José, sunk in August of 1680; however, research by Robert Marx after the main find in subsequent years confirmed its proper name and illuminated its fascinating history. Intended to be part of the Spanish “South Seas Fleet” of 1681, which left Lima’s port of Callao in April, the Consolación apparently was delayed and ended up traveling alone. At the Gulf of Guayaquil, off modern-day Ecuador, the Consolación encountered English pirates, led by Bartholomew Sharpe, who forced the Spanish galleon to sink on a reef off Santa Clara Island (later nicknamed “Isla de Muerto,” or Dead Man’s Island). Before the pirates could get to the ship, the crew set fire to her and tried to escape to the nearby island without success. Angered by their inability to seize the valuable cargo of the Consolación, Sharpe’s men killed the Spaniards and tried in vain to recover the treasure through the efforts of local fishermen. Spanish attempts after that were also fruitless, so the treasure of the Consolación sat undisturbed until our time. When vast amounts of silver coins were found in the area starting in the 1990s, by local entrepreneurs Roberto Aguirre and Carlos Saavedra (“ROBCAR”) and the government of Ecuador in 1997 under mutual agreement, the exact name and history of the wreck were unknown, and about 8,000 of the coins (all Potosí silver cobs) were subsequently sold at auction by Spink New York in December 2001 as simply “Treasures from the ‘Isla de Muerto.’” Most of the coins offered were of low quality and poorly preserved but came with individually numbered photo-certificates. Later, after the provenance had been properly researched and better conservation methods were used, a Florida syndicate arranged to have ongoing finds from this wreck permanently encapsulated in hard-plastic holders by the

authentication and grading firm ANACS, with the wreck provenance clearly stated inside the “slab”; more recent offerings have bypassed this encapsulation. Ongoing salvage efforts have good reason to be hopeful, as the manifest of the Consolación stated the value of her registered cargo as 146,000 pesos in silver coins in addition to silver and gold ingots, plus an even higher sum in contraband, according to custom.

1681 Fleet (“Portobelo wreck”), sunk in 1681 off Portobelo, Panama The 1681 “Tierra Firme” Fleet, commanded by Juan Antonio Vicentelo de Leca y Herrara, better known as the Marqués de Brenes, left Cádiz, Spain, on January 28, 1681, and reached Cartagena, Colombia, on April 2. From there a small armada of 12 ships was sent out to assess the danger of pirates in the area, as this was the age of Henry Morgan and other privateers on the Spanish Main. Bad weather also intervened, and it was not till November that the 1681 Fleet finally left Cartagena bound for Portobelo, Panama. As the Fleet approached Portobelo, strong winds and hard rain prevented the pilots from recognizing the land until nighttime, by which time they had passed their destination and found themselves near dangerous reefs off the Islas Naranjos. The Capitana (lead vessel), Santo Cristo de San Agustín y Nuestra Señora del Rosario, immediately anchored and signaled the rest of the fleet to anchor as well. It was too late for the merchant nao Boticaria, which struck a reef there at midnight on November 29, but gently enough that almost everyone on board was saved. Rescue boats soon arrived. As the Boticaria stayed on the reef for three days before sinking, salvagers were able save almost everything. Meanwhile, news came in that another ship in the fleet, the galleon Nuestra Señora de la Soledad, had wrecked on another reef near even farther along, off a point near a western entrance to the Chagres River known as Punta de Brujas (not to be confused with Brujas on the Pacific coast). Unlike the Boticaria, however, the 22-gun Soledad hit the reef with such force that 50 people died, including its owner, Captain Antonio de Lima. The rest of the 1681 Fleet finally reached Portobelo on December 3, still under adverse weather conditions. More casualties arose when the ship Chaperón found herself stranded at the mouth of the Chagres River and in danger of sinking due to lack of anchoring equipment and personnel. In the process of delivering assistance, a small ship known as a tartana was lost, and by the time the other rescue ships made it to the Chaperón they found that its crew had all escaped and only three boatloads of goods could be saved before the ship sank. After taking care of business in Portobelo, the ill-fated fleet returned to Cartagena on March 27, 1682, and on May 8 set sail for Havana, Cuba. That night yet another merchant ship, the Santa Teresa, captained by Don Manuel de Galarza, was lost, and several other vessels had to return to Cartagena. Then, while en route to Havana, the galleon Nuestra Señora de la Concepción y San Ignacio de Loyola hit a reef just past Cape San Antonio, Cuba, and was set afire after its cargo was salvaged. Reaching Havana on June 1, the ragtag 1681 Fleet finally made it back to Spain on September 2. The various lost ships of the 1681 Fleet have been salvaged off and on in modern times. While it would seem that the location of each wreck would indicate its identity, the fact is that most sources have not been well documented, and the wrecks of pirate ships with loot from the same fleet are possible as well.

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Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa An English East Indiaman on her way to Surat on the west coast of India, the Joanna separated from her convoy and sank in rough seas on a reef off the southernmost tip of South Africa on June 8, 1682, sending 10 people to their death. Eventually 104 survivors reached the Dutch colony of Cape Town, from which a salvage party was soon dispatched. The Joanna’s cargo consisted of 70 chests of silver coins, of which the salvage party reported having recovered only about 28,000 guilders’ worth. In 1982 the wreck was rediscovered by a group of South African divers led by Gavin Clackworthy, who brought up silver ingots (discs) and more than 23,000 silver cobs, most of them Mexican 4 and 8 reales of Charles II in generally low grade, but a few showing bold, formerly very rare dates 1679-1681. Over the past two decades, these cobs have entered the market from both private dealers and auctions, but always in relatively small quantities at a time. Almost all the coins are in very worn condition, usually thin and nearly featureless, but without the heavy encrustation and pitting that characterize Caribbean finds.

“Vung Tao cargo,” sunk ca. 1690 off VietnamAround the year 1990, Chinese porcelains dating to ca. 1690 turned up in the nets of local fishermen off the Vietnamese islands of Con Dao near Vung Tao in the South China Sea. After preliminary investigation and excavation by the government-sponsored Vietnam Salvage Company (VISAL), the main recovery under noted salvager Sverker Hallstrom took place, bringing tens of thousands of Chinese porcelains to market, mostly sold by Christie’s (Amsterdam) in 1992 for the equivalent of $7.3 million total.

Merestein, sunk in 1702 off South Africa This Dutch East Indiaman was outbound when she tried to put into Saldanha Bay to alleviate rampant scurvy on board the ship. On April 3, 1702, she hit reefs on the southwest point of Jutten Island and within hours was smashed to pieces. Only 99 of the 200 people aboard the Merestein survived. On board the Merestein were several chests of silver coins for trade in the East Indies and for which immediate salvage plans were undertaken. But Jutten Island is no easy dive, and all attempts were abandoned until modern times. The wreck was rediscovered and salvaged in the early 1970s, yielding almost exclusively Dutch silver ducatoons from the 1600s. The number of coins found in the 1970s was around 15,000 and is believed to be nowhere near all of the treasure that was lost. Thousands more coins and artifacts were recovered by the salvage company Sealit in the 1990s.

Association, sunk in 1707 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England The sinking of this ship and four others in a fleet of 21 returning from the Mediterranean was one of the worst British naval disasters of all time. The Association sank on October 22 under stormy conditions after what can only be described as guesswork navigation that led the ships straight onto the rocks of the Scilly Isles, where as many as 2,000 sailors lost their lives as a result. The admiral of the fleet, Sir Cloudisley Shovell, whose ten chests of personal wealth (in addition to several others) were rumored to be aboard the Association, was one of the casualties of the sinking, although legend has it he reached shore alive, only to be murdered there by a local woman for a ring on his finger.

The wrecksite was located in 1967 by British Navy divers, touching off a frenzy of activity on the site for years to come. Cannons and a few coins were raised in the 1960s, but it was not till 1973 that a significant amount of coins were found (8,000 in that year alone). These coins, mostly British silver and gold but also many Spanish and Spanish-American silver cobs, were sold at auction beginning in 1969 and into the early 1970s. The cobs presented an eclectic mix, mostly 8 reales from the 1650s forward (even a “Royal” presentation issue from 1676), but from nearly all mints (especially Lima and Potosí), some even left in as-found conglomerate form combined with British coins. It is interesting to note that parts of this wreck, like others in the area, were flattened hard to the muddy sea floor by huge boulders that still roll around with the currents, making for dangerous and difficult salvage.

DeLiefde, sunk in 1711 off the Shetland Islands, north of Scotland During the War of Spanish Succession it was deemed safer to take the northern route around Scotland than to skirt French coasts in the English Channel, but in so doing the Dutch East Indiaman DeLiefde wrecked on a reef in the Out Skerries due to faulty navigation under overcast skies, leaving only one survivor to tell the tale. Prompt salvage attempts by the VOC to recover the cargo of silver and gold coins turned up nothing—looting by locals was greatly suspected. Modern expeditions in the 1960s, however, located the ship and yielded upwards of 4000 coins (mostly silver “rider” ducatoons and gold ducats) in 1966-1968, many of which were sold at auction by Glendining (London) in 1969.

Feversham, sunk in 1711 off Nova Scotia, CanadaThe Feversham was on its way north with three other ships from New York to Quebec with provisions and cash to assist a British campaign against the French when all four ships sank on and around Scatarie Island off Cape Breton in a storm on October 7, 1711. About 100 people died in the disaster, while the remaining 49 survivors were able to bribe a passing French fisherman to take them to New York for 200 pounds. Apparently no one—British or French—was able to salvage anything from the wreck in its time.In 1968 the wrecksite of the Feversham was rediscovered by a group of divers led by famous Canadian salvager, Alex Storm, whose recoveries were sold privately to a “highly-reputable Canadian institution” in 1972. In the mid-1980s the Feversham was salvaged again by a new group of divers. The Feversham’s numismatic yield was small in comparison with Spanish galleon treasures, but quite important as a cross-section of coinage in circulation in New York at the time. Mostly it was Spanish American silver cobs and Massachusetts Bay Colony shillings, many of the former with rare, weight-adjustment plugs to bring them up to standard. A small group of gold cobs—almost entirely Bogotá 2 escudos, virtually identical to those from the Spanish 1715 Fleet—was found in later salvage efforts. An abundance of auctions offered these coins from 1989 through 1999.

1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida The Spanish 1715-Fleet disaster was probably the greatest to befall any of the Spanish treasure fleets in terms of casualties and money, with reports of a loss of 14 million pesos (plus an equal or greater amount in contraband) and as many as 1,000 or more lives. It was a typical case of overloaded Spanish galleons foundering in a hurricane after delayed departure. In effect the 1715 Fleet was a combination of two fleets: the Nueva España (New Spain, i.e., Mexico)

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Fleet from Mexico and the Tierra Firme (Mainland) Fleet from South America, some 12 or 13 ships in all. Encountering a hurricane on July 30, all the ships were driven shoreward and destroyed except for a lone vessel, the tag-along French ship Grifón, which sailed onward without incident. Hundreds of the crew and passengers lost their lives while other hundreds of survivors improvised a camp on shore to await aid from the Spanish fort at St. Augustine, to which a party was sent. Salvage commenced soon afterward and lasted for several years. Nearly half of the vast treasure (at least the registered part) was recovered and kept in a nearby storehouse. In 1716, a flotilla of British freebooters under Henry Jennings raided the storehouse and carried off some 350,000 pesos of the treasure to Jamaica. The Spaniards, however, resumed operations until they could salvage no more and quit in 1719. The rest of the treasure remained on the ocean floor until our time. Modern salvage on the 1715 Fleet began in the late 1950s, when local resident Kip Wagner found a piece of eight on the beach after a hurricane and decided to pursue the source. With the help of a 1774 chart and an army-surplus metal detector, he located the original Spanish salvage camp and unearthed coins and artifacts. Then, using a rented airplane to spot the underwater wrecksite from the air and check the location again by boat, Kip found the source of the coins and soon formed a team of divers and associates backed by a salvage permit from the State of Florida. All of this took place over a period of years before it evolved into the Real Eight Company, whose ranks later included such luminaries as Robert Marx and the flamboyant Mel Fisher. The Fisher family still sub-leases the sites to hopeful salvagers today. The vast treasures yielded by the 1715 Fleet in our time fall into nearly every category, from coins to jewelry, precious stones to cannons, religious artifacts to Chinese porcelains. The 1715 Fleet remains the world’s largest source for New World gold cobs, while the silver cobs recovered number in the hundreds of thousands. Promotions of the coins by Real Eight and others have spanned the decades, in addition to significant auctions by Henry Christensen (1964); Parke-Bernet Galleries (1967) and Sotheby Parke Bernet (1973); the Schulman Coin and Mint (1972 and 1974); Bowers and Ruddy Galleries (1977); and even the U.S. Customs Service (2003). Despite a wealth of publications pertaining to the 1715 Fleet with names of the ships and the known locations of some of the wrecks, there is no universal agreement as to the identity of the vessel at each wrecksite. In many cases, in fact, it is possible that separate wrecksites represent different parts of the same ship. As a result, salvagers over the decades have resorted to nicknames for the sites based on landmarks, local individuals, and even features from the wrecks themselves, such as (from north to south): “Pines” (Sebastian), “Cabin” (Wabasso), “Cannon” (Wabasso), “Corrigans” (Vero Beach), “Rio Mar” (Vero Beach), “Sandy Point” (Vero Beach), “Wedge” (Fort Pierce), and “Colored Beach” (Fort Pierce). Regardless of the exact site of origin, a great majority of the coins and artifacts are sold simply as “1715 Fleet.”

Whydah, sunk off Cape Cod, Massachusetts Flagship of the notorious pirate Sam Bellamy, the Whydah sank in a storm on April 26 with the loss of all hands (including Bellamy himself) except for two. Found in 1984 and subsequently salvaged by Barry Clifford, the Whydah is widely recognized as the first identifiable pirate ship ever to be salvaged. There is now a museum dedicated to the ship on Cape Cod that houses all the salvaged finds from the Whydah, but before that opened, various cobs (silver and gold) and

other coins from the Whydah would enter the market via local dealers, who presumably got them from lucky beachcombers and from the families of people who obtained the coins long ago. Today it is nearly impossible to acquire a coin from the Whydah.

“Ca Mau wreck,” sunk ca. 1723-35 off Ca Mau Island, VietnamThis unidentified Chinese wreck in the South China Sea yielded thousands of Ch’ing Dynasty export porcelain manufactured under the Emperor K’ang Hsi. The finds were first offered at auction by Christie’s in 1998, but anonymously; more recently the government of Vietnam has auctioned off a major portion of the porcelains. These porcelains are quite popular among collectors of Spanish Fleet items because they are identical to the K’ang Hsi material from the Florida wrecks of 1715 and 1733.

Slot ter Hooge, sunk in 1724 off Porto Santo, Madeira Islands This East Indiaman, whose Dutch name means “Castle of Hooge” (a place in modern-day Belgium), was outbound to Batavia (Jakarta) with a load of three tons of silver ingots (15 chests) plus four chests of silver coins, three of which contained nothing but Mexican cobs. Blown off course by a storm, the Slot ter Hooge wrecked on November 19 off Porto Santo Island in the Madeira Islands (northwest of Africa), to the demise of some 221 people on board (only 33 survived). More than half the treasure was salvaged over the next ten years by the famous English inventor John Lethbridge, but the rest was forgotten until our time. In 1974 the wreck was rediscovered by the well-known salvager Robert Sténuit, who recovered many silver ingots and coins, mostly Dutch ducatoons but also some Mexican 8-reales cobs.

Akerendam, sunk in 1725 off the coast of NorwaySeparated from her two companion vessels in a heavy storm, the East Indiaman Akerendam foundered off the northern point of Runde Island off the west coast of Norway on March 8, with no survivors among the 200 people on board. Throughout the next several months, five of the 19 chests of coins aboard the Akerendam were recovered, and one of those five had opened up, scattering coins over the wrecksite. No more was found, and the site was forgotten until Norwegian amateur divers rediscovered it in 1972 and brought up almost 40,000 gold and silver coins, with another 16,000 or so found the next year. Ultimately the coins were split between the divers and the Norwegian and Dutch governments, and the divers’ portion was offered as a whole at auction in 1978, following which the coins were largely assembled into leather-bound promotional sets (each consisting of one Dutch gold ducat and up to 23 silver coins, generally Mexican cobs and Dutch ducatoons and minors).

Chameau, sunk in 1725 off Nova Scotia, Canada This French man-of-war was attempting to reach Louisburg harbor with a consignment of troops and coins for the French colony when a storm sent her onto the rocks of Cape Breton instead, killing all on board. The main wrecksite was never found until 1961, when Alex Storm spotted cannons on the seabed and led a successful salvage expedition on the site in 1965, yielding many French silver ecus and gold Louis d’ors. The Chameau has been salvaged more recently as well.

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1733 Fleet, Florida Keys Much like the 1715-Fleet disaster, the 1733 Fleet was an entire Spanish convoy lost in a hurricane off Florida. However, due to the lesser severity of the 1733 hurricane, which struck the fleet on July 15, and the shallowness of the wrecksites in the Keys, there were many survivors, and four ships remained in good enough condition to be refloated and sent back to Havana. A highly successful salvage effort by the Spanish yielded even more than the 12 million pesos of precious cargo listed on the Fleet’s manifest (thanks to the usual contraband). The wrecks themselves are spread across 80 miles, from north of Key Largo down to south of Duck Key, and include the following galleons (note there is not universal agreement as to which wrecksite pertains to each galleon, and each name is a contemporaneous abbreviation or nickname): El Pópulo, El Infante, San José, El Rubí (the capitana), Chávez, Herrera, Tres Puentes, San Pedro, El Terri (also spelled Lerri or Herri), San Francisco, El Gallo Indiano (the almiranta), Las Angustias, El Sueco de Arizón, San Fernando, and San Ignacio. This last ship, San Ignacio, is believed to be the source of many silver coins (and even some gold coins) found in a reef area off Deer Key known as “Coffins Patch,” the south-westernmost of all the 1733-Fleet wrecksites. In addition, many other related sites are known, mostly the wrecks of tag-along ships that accompanied the fleet proper. The first and arguably most famous of the wrecks of the 1733 Fleet to be located in modern times was the capitana El Rubí, which was discovered in 1948 and salvaged principally in the 1950s by Art McKee, whose Sunken Treasure Museum on Plantation Key housed his finds for all to see. Unfortunately throughout the next several decades the wrecksites in the Keys became a virtual free-for-all, with many disputes and confrontations, until the government created the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary in 1990. The removal of artifacts from any of the sites is prohibited today. In contrast to the 1715 Fleet, and because of the extensive Spanish salvage in the 1730s, the finds by modern divers have been modest, especially in gold coins, of which there are far more fakes on the market than genuine specimens. Nevertheless, the 1733 Fleet has been a significant source for some of the rare Mexican milled “pillar dollars” of 1732-1733 as well as the transitional “klippe”-type coins of 1733.

Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, the Netherlands The East Indiaman Vliegenthart (“Flying Hart” in Dutch) had just departed Rammekens for the East Indies when the deadly combination of a northeast gale, a spring tide and pilot error sent her into a sand bank behind her sister-ship Anna Catharina. The latter ship broke apart in the storm while the Vliegenthart, damaged and firing her cannons in distress, slipped off the bank and sank in 10 fathoms of water. All hands on both ships were lost. Contemporaneous salvage under contract with the Dutch East India Company was unsuccessful, but it provided a piece of evidence, a secret map, that emerged from obscurity in 1977. Stemming from that, divers employed by the former London attorney Rex Cowan discovered the wreck in 1981, and in 1983 they found their first coins, one of three chests of Mexican silver and Dutch gold coins (totaling 67,000 guilders or dollar-sized units) for the East India trade aboard the Vliegenthart. The second chest was smashed on the seabed and its contents partially salvaged, while the third chest, intact like the first, came up in 1992. The divers also recovered several smaller boxes of large Dutch silver coins known as “ducatoons,” illegally exported and therefore contraband. Among the silver coins found were thousands

of Mexican cobs, predominantly 8 reales, many with clear dates in the early 1730s and in excellent condition.

Rooswijk, sunk in 1739 off southeast England Off the southeastern tip of England, just north of the Straits of Dover, the sea hides a most unusual feature known as the Goodwin Sands, where sandbanks appear and disappear unpredictably and move with the tides. Many ships over the centuries have sunk here and silted over, and occasionally one of the wrecks will surface and be discovered. Such is the case with the Rooswijk, a Dutch East Indiaman that foundered on the Goodwin Sands in a storm on December 19, 1739 (by the calendar in use by the British at the time), with all hands and 30 chests of treasure, virtually gone without a trace. By chance in December 2004, the sands that had swallowed the wreck of the Rooswijk parted and allowed diver Ken Welling to retrieve two complete chests and hundreds of silver bars. Operating in secrecy, salvage continued in 2005 under the direction of Rex Cowan (in agreement with the Dutch and British governments) and is ongoing today. So far, several hundred Mexican silver cobs of the 1720s and early 1730s and transitional “klippes” of 1733-1734, as well as many more hundreds of “pillar dollars” and a smattering of cobs from other mints, have hit the market from this wreck, mostly through auction.

Hollandia, sunk in 1743 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England Blown off course on her way to the East Indies, the Hollandia struck Gunner Rock and sank in about 110 feet of water about 1½ miles east of it on July 13, 1743. There were no survivors. The first sign of the wreck came in 1971, when divers under Rex Cowan located the wrecksite and within a couple years salvaged more than 35,000 silver coins among the nearly 130,000 guilders (dollar-sized units) recorded to be on board the Hollandia. A great majority of the coins were Mexican “pillar dollars,” but there were also some silver cobs, including the scarce Mexican transitional “klippes” of 1733-1734 and a few Guatemala cobs, in mixed condition.

Princess Louisa, sunk in 1743 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa Laden with 20 chests (69,760 ounces) of Spanish silver, the East Indiaman Princess Louisa fell victim to surprise currents and inaccurate charts and struck a reef and sank off Isla de Maio in the early morning hours of April 18. Forty-two of the 116 people aboard floated to safety on the nearby island, but nothing on the ship could be saved. Contemporaneous salvage never came to fruition. In 1998 and 1999 the wrecksite was located and salvaged by the Arqueonautas firm, whose finds from this wreck have been largely marketed by a Houston coin and jewelry dealer ever since, although some coins were also sold at auction in 2000-2001. Most of the coins were New World silver cobs from all the mints that were operating in the early 1700s (including rare Bogotá cobs), predominantly minors (smaller than 8 reales), in average condition, with quite a few preserved in as-found multiple-coin clusters.

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Reijgersdaal, sunk in 1747 off South Africa More popularly known in the U.S. as Reygersdahl, this typical East Indiaman was carrying eight chests of silver coins (nearly 30,000 coins) when she sank on October 25, 1747, between Robben and Dassen Islands. After four-and-a-half months at sea, the crew had anchored there to fetch rock rabbits (“dassies,” for which Dassen Island was named) and other fresh food to relieve massive illness on board the ship, on which some 125 had died and 83 were incapacitated out of 297 people; but in the face of a gale, the anchor-line snapped and the ship foundered on the rocks. Only 20 survived the sinking, and only one incomplete chest of coins was recovered. The area was deemed too dangerous to attempt further salvage. Beginning in 1979, modern salvage on the wreck by the salvage company Sealit yielded thousands of coins (as many as 15,000 by the early 1980s, when protective legislation was enacted in South Africa), mostly in near pristine condition, which have been sold in various auctions and private offerings ever since. A great majority of the coins from this wreck are Mexican pillar dollars in excellent condition, but there were also a few hundred New World silver cobs, including Guatemala cobs, which are rarely seen from shipwrecks.

Nuestra Señora de la Luz, sunk in 1752 off Montevideo, Uruguay Actually a Portuguese vessel leased by the Spanish, the Luz left Buenos Aires in the summer of 1752 with a load of money bound for Spain and had just stopped in Montevideo for provisioning when a strong storm swept her into the coastline, spreading wreckage over a wide area and killing all on board. While over 90% of the treasure was recovered soon afterward, the powder-hold was never found, and as it turns out, that is where some 200,000 pesos (according to later reports) of contraband had been stored. In April 1992, divers working under Rubén Collado began to recover gold coins on a wrecksite in the Río de la Plata, and soon it became clear the wreck in question had to be from 1751 or 1752, as none of the coins was dated later than 1751. The finds, which were split with the Uruguayan government and then sold at auction in New York and Montevideo, consisted of mostly milled (bust-type) 8 escudos from the new mint at Santiago, Chile. Also in these auctions were 95 gold cobs and 353 silver cobs, the former mostly Lima 8 and 4 escudos (but also some Bogotá 2 escudos), and the latter mostly 8 and 4 reales from Potosí (with several more gold and silver cob sold privately). The gold is pristine, but the silver coins all show at least moderate corrosion.

Nuestra Señora del Rosario, sunk in 1753 off Montevideo, Uruguay The Rosario was reportedly carrying over 800,000 pesos of treasure on her way to Buenos Aires when she sank close to shore at the mouth of the Río de la Plata on June 30, 1753. All hands were saved, but the fate of the cargo is unknown. Recent finds of utilitarian items like spoons and buckles have trickled onto the market, but no high-value treasure so far.

Dodington, sunk in 1755 off Port Elizabeth, South Africa (also “Clive of India treasure”) This shipwreck presents an amazing tale of survival and buried treasure, with a modern twist. Following the customary East India route, the Dodington outpaced her consorts and therefore was alone when her pilot followed an erroneous chart too closely and in the

middle of the night she suddenly struck rocks and sank off present-day Bird Island off the east coast of South Africa. Of 270 people on board, 23 made it to the island, where they subsisted mostly on seagull eggs for over seven months while the ship’s carpenter crafted a rescue vessel. Meanwhile, at least a couple of the 10 chests of silver coins and the one chest of wrought silver on board the ship were recovered and buried, and the fate of each of those chests is not thoroughly known. There was also a chest of gold coins on behalf of the English military hero Lord Clive—more about that later. The survivors set off for Delagoa (Mozambique) and left behind an island that later became known for treasure-hunters and ghost stories. In the summer of 1977 the wreck of the Dodington was discovered by South African divers, who proceeded to bring up cannon and coins but no gold. In the early to mid-1990s the wreck was revisited by another set of divers and yielded more silver coins and a smattering of gold, but nowhere near the 653+ ounces recorded to be in the chest when it was loaded onto the Dodington in 1755. What is believed to be the actual Clive’s gold (by composition and total weight) was supposedly recovered a few years later in a different area entirely, reportedly in the wreckage of a pirate ship somewhat further along the East India route. Nobody knows why Clive’s chest of gold was not on the Dodington site. Either it was found by the survivors and buried on Bird Island to be picked up or absconded with later, or it was salvaged and taken away later in the eighteenth century. Because the link could not be proven entirely, and due to a protracted legal battle with the government of South Africa, this last group of gold coins was sold at auction in 2000 as simply the “Clive of India Treasure.” The composition of the silver-coin finds from the Dodington was mostly Mexican “pillar dollars” but with a good amount of Potosí and Lima cobs (predominantly smaller denominations) as well, mostly sea-worn and at least moderately corroded, sold through dealers and smaller auctions in the U.S. and Australia. The gold was all Portuguese/Brazilian.

Tilbury, sunk in 1757 off Nova Scotia, CanadaIn an expedition against the French fortress at Louisbourg, the Tilbury was one of four ships (in a fleet of twenty) that were carrying a total of 34 chests of silver coins when the fleet encountered a hurricane off the southeast coast of Cape Breton. The Tilbury and one of the non-coin-bearing ships, the smaller sloop Ferret, sank in the middle of the night on September 25, 1757. Two hundred eighty of the 400 men on board the Tilbury survived to become French prisoners; the other ship and its crew were lost without a trace.Famous diver and author Alex Storm (with Adrian Richards) located the bow section of the Tilbury in 1969 on a stretch of coastline known, appropriately enough, as “Tilbury Rocks,” where until the 1980s there was even a cannon from the wreck lying on shore for all to see. In 1986 divers Pierre LeClerc and Gilles Brisebois found what is believed to be the midsection of the ship farther offshore, and these divers recovered several hundred coins, many of which were auctioned in 1989. Most of the coins were silver pillar dollars, but there were also several silver cobs and even at least one gold cob among the finds. The missing stern section of the ship, where the bulk of the treasure was stored, is still to be found.

Auguste, sunk in 1761 off Nova Scotia, Canada After the end of the Seven Years’ War between England and France in 1759, French officers and aristocrats in Canada were sent from Quebec back to France in ships such as the Auguste. In stormy conditions and damaged by fire, the Auguste struck a sand bar on

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November 15 and subsequently sank in Aspy Bay off Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Only seven of the 121 on board survived, and the wealth of the passengers was lost until our time. To date, well over a thousand coins of various nationalities have been found, along with many important artifacts.

Dromadaire, sunk in 1762 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa An outbound French East India vessel, the Dromadaire was carrying 154 people and a chest of silver when she went down in bad weather off San Vicente Island. Only 77 people were saved and the chest was lost until salvage by Arqueonautas in 1996, which brought a quantity of French ecus to the collector market.

Cazador, sunk in 1784 off New Orleans, Louisiana The Cazador was a Spanish brig of war headed from Vera Cruz, Mexico, to New Orleans under the direction of Captain Gabriel de Campos y Piñeda. Her cargo of some 450,000 pesos of newly minted silver coins was meant to stabilize the fragile economy in the Spanish possession of Louisiana, which had suffered from the use of French paper currency. The fact that the coins never arrived probably hastened the decision to cede the colony to Napoleon in 1800, soon after which Louisiana was sold to the fledgling United States of America for $15 million. Nobody knows how the Cazador was lost, and no evidence of the ship was found until 1993, when a fishing crew led by Captain Jerry Murphy snagged their net on something about 50 miles south of New Orleans in the Gulf of Mexico. When the net was brought up, it spilled out hundreds of silver coins onto the deck of Jerry’s boat, aptly named Mistake. Shortly thereafter, the fishermen obtained the rights to the find and began recoveries under the name of Grumpy Inc.

Hartwell, sunk in 1787 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa On her maiden voyage to China, the British East Indiaman Hartwell was heavily laden with silver when the crew mutinied. After quelling the fight, the captain headed to the Cape Verde Islands to offload the mutineers. Exhausted from the mutiny, the weary sailors ran the ship into a reef off the Island of Boavista, losing the ship entirely. Fortunately all hands were saved. Salvage by the British East India Company 1788-1791 yielded nearly half of the approximately 200,000 ounces of silver cargo on board the Hartwell. Pirates at the time recovered another 40,000 coins. The wrecksite was found again and salvaged by Afrimar in 1994-1996 and by Arqueonautas in 1996-1999, providing the market with Spanish colonial bust-type 8 reales in generally poor condition.

Piedmont (“Lyme Bay wreck”), sunk in 1795 in Lyme Bay, south of England One of a huge fleet of 300 ships on their way to the West Indies to suppress a French uprising, the Piedmont was forced into Lyme Bay during a hurricane on November 18, 1795, that scattered and sank the ships of the fleet all along the Dorset coast. The Piedmont and five other ships (Aeolus, Catherine, Golden Grove, Thomas and Venus) broke apart on Chesil Beach and came to be known collectively as the “Lyme Bay wrecks.” An estimated 1,000 men lost their lives in the disaster, including well over a hundred from the Piedmont alone. In the early 1980s, the wrecks were salvaged by divers Selwyn

Williams and Les and Julia C. Kent, who discovered many silver cobs of the late 1600s on the wrecksite of the Piedmont. It is presumed that the coins had been captured or recovered from a seventeenth-century wreck and stored in the vaults of the Bank of England for about a century before being transported and subsequently lost again. These coins are usually recognizable by their uniformly dark-gray color, a bit sea-worn but not overly corroded. A significant group of extremely rare Colombian silver cobs from the Piedmont (but not identified as such) was offered at auction in 1995.

HMS Colossus, sunk in 1798 off the Isles of Scilly, southwest of England The Colossus is not famous for coins but for Greek vases! On board the Colossus, which was one of Lord Nelson’s warships returning from a Mediterranean campaign, was a significant collection of ancient Greek vases owned by Lord Hamilton, whose wife (Nelson’s mistress) had used them as props in her mini-dramas known as “Attitudes.” The ship had made it back from the Mediterranean and was anchored at St. Marys in the Scilly Isles when a strong gale caused her anchor cable to break and she wrecked with the loss of one life on December 10, 1798. The wreck was rediscovered by Roland Morris in the late 1960s and many of the broken vases were reassembled for the British Museum, with many other artifacts displayed in Morris’ own museum until its liquidation in 2002. Another salvager found a new portion of the wreck in 1999, and since 2001 the wreck has been under the protection of the government.

Leocadia, sunk in 1800 off Punta Santa Elena, Ecuador This wreck was discovered and salvaged by Marty Meylach in the 1970s, paving the way for future work with the government of Ecuador up until recent times. The typical yield from this wreck has been portrait (bust) 8 reales from Lima, Peru, part of the more than 2 million pesos of registered silver and gold cargo aboard the Leocadia when she departed Paita, Peru, bound for Panama in a convoy of merchant vessels. On November 16, 1800, the Leocadia struck a shoal and broke apart 100 yards from the beach at Punta Santa Elena, with a loss of over 140 lives in the disaster. Within the next year the Spanish salvaged about 90 percent of the registered treasure, leaving more than 200,000 pesos (not to mention the expected contraband) behind to tempt divers in our time. Judging from the paucity of coins from this ship on the open market, we may assume that many more are still to be found. Admiral Gardner, sunk in 1809 off the southeast coast of England Along with her sister-ship Britannia, the English East Indiaman Admiral Gardner was outbound with an immense cargo (48 tons!) of copper coins for circulation in India when both ships sank in a storm on the Goodwin Sands on January 24, 1809. Ten lives were lost, as was all the cargo. The coins were recovered in modern times, literally a million of them packed in wax inside wooden barrels.

“1810 wreck,” sunk off Ft. Pierce, FloridaA hurricane in 1810 sank several ships along the east coast of Florida, particularly in the vicinity of Ft. Pierce. Several ship names have been proposed for the site in question here including a Roberts, not to be confused with a ship of similar name (without the s) sunk off Vero Beach 11 years later.

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Cabalva, sunk in 1818 near Mauritius in the Indian OceanA 1200-ton British East Indiaman on her way to India, the Cabalva struck on a reef in the Cargados Carajos (also known as the Shoals of St. Brandon) and quickly broke apart. After hauling themselves up on the dry reefs and islets, the officers and crew of the ship began plundering the cargo and even established a temporary “Beer Island,” where the ample rations of rescued alcohol were being consumed at a great rate over the course of three weeks, much to the horror of the other survivors. Upon their eventual rescue, the crew expressed regret in having to leave Beer Island, where plenty of stockpiled booze had to be left behind. In 1985 divers located the site of the Cabalva and recovered many Spanish bust-type 8 reales.

Santo Andre, sunk in 1856 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of AfricaThe Santo Andre was a Spanish galera that sank on July 25, 1856, on Rifona Reef off Boavista Island in the Cape Verde Islands. The wrecksite was salvaged in our time by different companies beginning in 1993 and ending in 1996, yielding thousands of Spanish and French silver coins and small artifacts.

S.S. Central America, sunk in 1857 in deep water off North Carolina Sunk in a hurricane on September 12, 1857, the mail steamer Central America took with her more than 400 lives and over three tons of gold. The wreck lay undisturbed until 1986, when Tommy Thompson and his Columbus-America Discovery Group located the ship in 8500 feet of water. After 10 years of legal struggles, the salvagers were awarded about 92 percent of the treasure, with most of the rest going to insurance companies who had paid the claim when the ship sank. Widely touted as the greatest treasure ever found, the gold from the Central America has been very heavily promoted and cleverly marketed.

Douro, sunk in 1882 off Cape Finisterre, Spain The British Royal Mail Steamer Douro was en route to England from Portugal when she collided with the Spanish steamship Yrurac Bat and sank in the early morning hours of April 2, 1882, in deep water off the northwest coast of Spain. All but six people on board survived, but the ship and its cargo of tens of thousands of gold coins were a total loss. The wreck was found and salvaged in 1995 by Sverker Hallstrom and Nigel Pickford using a remote-operated vehicle (ROV) at a depth of 1,500 feet. The cargo of gold coins, mostly British sovereigns was sold at auction by Spink (London) in 1996.

Elingamite, sunk in 1902 off New ZealandA casualty of heavy fog, the steamer Elingamite was traveling from Sydney (Australia) to Auckland (New Zealand) when she struck West Island of the “Three Kings Islands” off the northern tip of New Zealand and sank in 150 feet of water on November 9, 1902. Forty-five lives were lost in all. Nearly a quarter of the precious silver cargo on board the Elingamite was salvaged in her own time, leaving most of it for divers to find in the mid- to late 1960s.

“Manila Bay Treasure,” dumped in 1942 off the Philippines The Philippine Islands, along with Guam, Cuba and Puerto Rico, became US territories after the Spanish-American War in 1898. In 1903 the US began to strike coins for the Philippines, including a set of commemorative coins in 1936 featuring US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Philippines Governor General Frank Murphy and Philippines President Manuel Quezon. There was also a “dollar” medal made for the Philippines in 1920 featuring US President Woodrow Wilson. In World War II the Japanese invaded the Philippines. Fearful of looting, US General MacArthur and the retreating Philippine government dumped millions of dollars of silver coins into Manila Bay in 1942. After the US liberated the Philippines in 1945, Manila Bay became a popular site for salvage and thousands of coins were recovered.

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Collecting Peruvian Gold Cobs: A Research Study of 8 Escudos and Introduction to the Lower Denominations

Serious coin collectors generally concentrate on perfection—the more perfect the coin, the more desirable and valuable it is. As a result many of them shy away from cobs, which, being hand-struck on hand-cut flans, are understandably less than perfect. The gold cobs of Lima and Cuzco, Peru, however, are the exception, and their beautiful design and execution are finally getting the attention they deserve from an increasing cadre of new collectors of means all over the world, with still many decades to go before these coins hit the six-figure levels of comparable US coins.1

For starters, the Peruvian gold-cob series is eminently collectible, with nearly all the years of 1696-1750 more or less available with time and patience, at least in the 8 escudos, as the smaller gold coins are less common overall (note also that we are excluding the unauthorized issues of 1659, which are somewhat conjectural). That is not to say that Peruvian gold cobs are common; in fact the opposite is the case, as generally these coins were shipped to Spain and melted.2 Not surprisingly, much of the market supply of these coins comes from several different shipwreck finds, particularly the 1715 Fleet3 but also the Loosdrecht (1719), the 1733 Fleet and the Luz (1752).4 Type-collectors enjoy the fact that Peruvian gold cobs cover four reigns—Charles II, Philip V, Louis I and Ferdinand VI—while numerous die-varieties (overdates, legend lettering and interior ornamentation) present challenges for advanced collectors. Perhaps most important, the gold cobs of Peru have a unique design, which was not made at any other Old World or New World Spanish mint.

This masterful design reflects the fact that silver cobs in Peru were struck for well over 100 years before gold cobs, through periods of mint closure, fraud, scandal and redesign. By the time the Lima mint had begun to strike gold in 1696, it had already been decided that one side of each coin should show castles and lions within a cross on the obverse and a tic-tac-toe design consisting of mintmark, assayer, date and the PLVS VLTRA motto on the reverse. (The simpler 1 escudo bears only mintmark-assayer flanking and date below a castle on obverse and plain cross on reverse.) While the Peruvian engravers never achieved total consistency with the legends (also the quality of details declined steadily over the years), the basic inner design NEVER changed except for ornamentation. Why mess with success?

But it is the execution of this design that is remarkable in Peruvian gold cobs, for practically every specimen is well centered, with clear date and assayer and mintmark and usually with most of the characters in the legends at least partially visible, on a round flan of uniform thickness and consistent weight (albeit about an eighth of a gram below the standard of 27.064 grams). Compare this to the odd-shaped and haphazardly struck gold cobs of Mexico and Colombia, which seldom show clear dates, mintmarks and assayers. Also, there are no specially produced, six-figure Peruvian gold-cob “royals” (round presentation pieces) to relegate the rest of the coins to second class (although a few early issues are so round and broad as to be considered “pseudo-Royals” by some researchers).

Many helpful reference books and articles are available to assist the advanced collector (see end of article). With this article, though, we present an up-to-date summary of the 8-escudos dates, showing known varieties and relative rarities, followed by only general date-ranges by king and assayer for the smaller denominations, as these are far less available than the 8 escudos. The letter after each 8-escudos date is the assayer initial—note that some dates were struck under two different assayers, and the assayers for a given date are not necessarily the same for every denomination.

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Like all gold cobs, these coins hold their values well above bullion levels, but they are never obscenely costly. The cheapest 8 escudos are available in the $5000-$7500 range; expect to pay $15,000-$25,000 or more for the best specimens in terms of not only rarity but also quality of strike (mostly centering, but also clarity of second date and other parts of the legends) and condition (grade and absence of damage).5 Salvaged specimens bear no stigma at all in terms of grading, as the third-party grading companies (PCGS, NGC and the like) give them the same numeric grades as similarly uncirculated coins, with perhaps some emphasis on quality of strike (early die state, for example) to get the higher numbers.6 Typical cob hazards like double-striking, edge-cracks or bubbles in the metal are rarely an issue with Peruvian gold cobs. The only quality issue to watch out for is the fact that so many Peruvian gold cobs have ended up in jewelry mountings, for these coins tend to be victims of their own beauty!

Rarity ratings are as follows: RRR = extremely rare, only 1-5 known RR = very rare, about 5-10 known R = rare, about 10-20 known S = scarce, about 20-50 known C = common, about 50-100 known CC = very common, over 100 known

8 escudos (Lima only)1696H. Note that in this year only, the cross lacks crossbars at its ends (applies to the 4 and 2 escudos as well). RRR.1697H. RR.1698H. RR.1699R. Varieties: HISPANIAR, HISPANIARVM; pillars stopping short of the waves. S.1700H. RR.1701H. Charles II. Only known with overdate 1701/0. RRR.1701H. Philip V. RRR.1702H. Varieties: HISPA, HISPAN. RR.1703H. Varieties: ISPA, HISPA, HISPAN, HISPANIA. RR.1704H. Varieties: ISPANIAR, HISPA, HISPAN, HISPANI, HISPANIA. RR.1705H. All with ISPANIAR. R.1706R. Might not exist, as listed only from older references, with no photos and no recent sales records.1707H. Varieties: ISPANIA, ISPANIAR. R.1708H. Varieties: ISPANIA, ISPANIAR, HISPAN, HISPANI. S.1709H. All with HISPAN. RRR.1709M. Varieties: HISPANI, HISPANIA. R.1710H. Varieties: second date in legend as 71, 710, 1710; rotated obverse legend; HISPA, HISPANIAR (note that the 1710M

listed only in older references without photos probably does not exist). S.1711M. All HISPANIAR and ANO with no second date. Varieties: rotated obverse legend; 2 or 4 dots above denomination. C.1712M. Varieties: HISPANIA, HISPANIAR; date in legend as 71, 712, 1712; rotated obverse legend (note that specimens reported

without second date, and others with 5 waves instead of 3, are all simply double-struck). CC. 1713M. Varieties: overdate 1713/12 (note that specimens reported with overdates 1713/03, 1713/08 and 1713/11 are all simply

double-struck); HISPANIA, HISPANIAR. C.1714M. Final date for 1715 Fleet. Varieties: overdate 1714/13; HISPANIA, HISPANIAR. RR.1715M. Varieties: HISPANIA, HISPANIAR. RR.1716M. All with horizontal rows of dots instead of lines on reverse (distinctive for this year alone), plus extra dots around lions

and castles on obverse and around all elements on obverse. Varieties: HISPANIA, HISPANIAR; large ornament below denomination on reverse. R.

1717M. Extra dots around lions and castles on obverse and around all elements on obverse (but horizontal lines). Varieties: date in legend as 17, 717; HISPANIA, HISPANIAR. R.

1718M. Varieties: overdate 1718/17; HISPANIA, HISPANIAR; with or without extra dots around lions and castles on obverse and around all elements on obverse; with or without large ornament above denomination. R.

1719M. Varieties: overdate 1719/18; dot quantity and placement. R.1720M. Varieties: overdate 1720/19; dot placement. R.1721M. Varieties: dot placement. R.1722M. Varieties: dot placement. R.1723M. Varieties: overdate 1723/2; dot placement. R.

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1724M. Varieties: overdate 1724/3; HISPANIA, HISPANIAR; dot placement. R.1725M Louis I. Varieties: overdate 1725/4; with or without large ornament above denomination; with or without king’s ordinal

I; dot placement. S.1726M. Philip V. R.1727M. Varieties: dot placement (we are unable to find any support for the existence of a rumored 172N, which does not appear

in older references). S.1728N. Varieties: dot placement. S.1729N. Varieties: overdate 1729/8; date in legend as 29, 729. S.1730N. Varieties: overdate 1730/29; dot placement. S.1731N. Varieties: dot placement. S.1732N. Varieties: HISPANI, HISPANIA. S.1733N. Varieties: dot placement. S.1734N. Varieties: overdate 1734/3; dot placement. S.1735N. Varieties: overdate 1735/4; dot placement. C.1736N. Varieties: HISPAN, HISPANI, HISPANIA; dot placement. C.1737N. Varieties: HISPANI, HISPANIA; dot placement. C.1738N. Varieties: HISPAN, HISPANI; dot placement. C.1739N. Varieties: dot placement. S.1739V. Varieties: overdate 1739/8 with V/N; dot placement. C.1740V. Varieties: overdate 1740/39; dot placement. C.1741V. Varieties: HISP, HISPA, HISPANIA; dot placement. C.1742V. Varieties: dot placement. C.1743V. Varieties: overdate 1743/2; dot placement. C.1744V. Varieties: overdate 1744/3; dot placement. C.1745V. Varieties: dot placement (one rumored to have stars instead). S.1746V. Varieties: overdate 1746/5 (with stars), placement and quantity of dots or stars on both sides; HISPANI, HISPANIAR. S.1747V. RR (with part of king’s name visible).1747V. Ferdinand VI. Varieties: dot placement. R.1748R. Varieties: overdate 1748/7; with or without L-R flanking and erased date 749 below cross (note that the 1748V listed only

in older references without photos probably does not exist). R.1749V. Varieties: overdate 1749/8. RRR (no recent sales records).1749R. Many varieties: overdate 1749/8; with or without L-R flanking and/or erased date 749 below cross; with or without

tressure around lions and castles; some with cruder style; dot placement. S.1750R. Varieties: 1749 date on reverse; denomination above cross; dot placement. S.

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4 escudos (Lima only)Charles II: assayer H—1696-98, 1700-1; assayer R—1699 (1699H might exist, as listed in López-Chaves and de la Puente).Philip V: assayer H—1702, 1704-5, 1707-8, 1710; assayer M—1709, 1711-12, 1716, 1723; assayer N: 1737; assayer V—1739-40

(1736N and 1738N might exist, as listed in López-Chaves, de la Puente and Sedwick).Louis I: assayer M—1725.Ferdinand VI: assayer R—1749-50.

2 escudos, LimaCharles II: assayer H—1696-98, 1700-1; assayer R—1699 (1699H might exist, as listed in López-Chaves, de la Puente and Sedwick).Philip V: assayer H—1701-5, 1707-8, 1710; assayer M—1709, 1711-17, 1720-21, 1723, 1727-28; assayer N—1733, 1735-36, 1738;

assayer V—1741, 1744 (note that some issues of 1710 and 1716 show the silver-die arrangement on the reverse, with mintmark-date [3 digits]-assayer across the bottom row; 1709H might exist, as listed in López-Chaves, de la Puente and Sedwick; 1740V might exist, as listed in Sedwick).

Louis I: assayer M—1725.Ferdinand VI: assayer V—1747-8; assayer R—1750 (1748-9R might exist, as listed in de la Puente and Sedwick).

2 escudos, CuzcoCharles II: assayer M—1698

1 escudo, LimaCharles II: assayer H—1696-98, 1700-1 (in addition to a presumably pre-series “pattern” without date or mintmark or assayer);

assayer R—1698-99 (1700-1R might exist, as listed in Calicó, Sedwick and Tauler).Philip V: assayer H—1702-8, 1710; assayer M—1709-24, 1726-27; assayer N—1728-33, 1736-39; assayer V—1740, 1742-46 (some

references place 1701H under this king, but there is no king’s name in the design of the coin; we have placed it under Charles II instead; 1728M might exist, as listed in Sedwick; a reported 1730V must be an error).

Louis I: assayer M—1725 (note this was minted without name of king and is usually listed under Philip V in references, but all other denominations for this date are demonstrably Louis I)

Ferdinand VI: assayer V—1747-49; assayer R—1749-50 (note 1748R might exist, as listed in de la Puente and Sedwick).

1 escudo, CuzcoCharles II: assayer M—1698

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Further reading:Calicó, X. Numismática española / Catálogo de todas las monedas emitidas desde los Reyes Católicos hasta Juan Carlos I, 1474 a 2001 (Barcelona,

2008). Craig, Alan K. Spanish Colonial Coins in the Florida Collection (Gainesville, FL, 2000).de la Puente Jerí, Pedro. La Amonedación en Oro de las Cecas de Lima, Cuzco y Potosí, 1659-1979 (Lima, 1994).López-Chaves y Sánchez, Leopoldo (with José de Yriarte y Oliva). Catálogo General de la Onza (Madrid, 1968); Catálogo de la Onza

Española (1961); Catálogo de la Media Onza (1962); and Catálogo del Doblón de a Dos Escudos (1964).Sedwick, Daniel and Frank. The Practical Book of Cobs, 4th edition (Winter Park, FL, 2007).Sedwick, Frank. “The Gold Cobs of Peru,” presentation and offprint article in the Coinage of the Americas Conference at the

American Numismatic Society (New York, 1988).Tauler Fesser, Rafael. Oro Macuquino / Catálogo Imperio Español, 1474 a 1756 (Madrid, 2011).

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1 Even the early US goldsmith Ephraim Brasher saw fit to imitate the Peruvian cob 8 escudos among his famous “Brasher doubloons” in the 1780s.

2 A telling statistic is the fact that the State of Florida collection has ten times as many Mexican gold cobs as Peruvian.3 Quantities of Peruvian gold cobs from the 1715 Fleet were found in the 1960s and in 1988, but not since then.4 Also the Whydah (1717), but the coins from that wreck are not available for sale. There is also a ca.-1700 wreck off Ecuador (possibly the

Aguila Volante of 1701) that may have yielded some Cuzco gold cobs. The one wreck that will surely alter early Peruvian gold-cob populations, if it can ever be salvaged, is the San Jose of 1708 in deep water off Cartagena, Colombia.

5 Note this is about three to five times what this quality cost 20 years ago. Quoting Frank Sedwick from a talk he gave in 1989, “we have a long way to go in the gold.”

6 Third-party grading of cobs is actually a controversial matter, because a numeric indication of circulation wear hardly describes the overall quality of a cob so much as the strike and die state, whereas making up a “net grade” from these factors is illogical as well against numeric grades for other types of coins. For ancient coins the grading companies have experimented with multi-level assessments, giving 1-5 numeric grades for strike and surfaces in addition to the overall grade; but while this is more accurate, unfortunately it hinders comparative analysis (which is better, for example, better strike or better surfaces?). Just as no two cobs are completely alike, no two collectors will ever agree which cobs are the best.

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Gold CobsMexico City, Mexico

1. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, Charles II, assayer L, “jeweled” cross (1690s), from the 1715 Fleet. S-M29a; KM-56. 26.7 grams. Lustrous AU with choice full shield and cross, most of oXML and full denomination VIII vertically, plus king’s ordinal II in legend, well above average quality for this type, which is far rarer than the Philip V that followed. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.2. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, (1)712J, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-57.1; CT-104. 26.7 grams. Full but doubled shield with bold full denomination VIII (vertically) to right, oXM mintmark to left, choice full cross with ear-like ornaments in quadrants (two-year type), weak but certain date, sandwashed XF with very lightly polished surfaces and faint marks on edge. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.3. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 1714J, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-57.2; CT-108. 27.0 grams. Full date, oMJ, shield and cross, a few peripheral marks but technically AU, with light red sediment on fields. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $7,500-$11,000.

7. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 escudos, Charles II, assayer L, “jeweled cross” (1690s), from the 1715 Fleet. S-M29; KM-54. 13.5 grams. Bold full cross, nearly full (off-center) shield with (oX)ML to left, king’s ordinal II in legend, nice grade for the issue (near AU), with red toning on cross side. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

4. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 1714/GRAT, assayer J, rare, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-57.2. 26.8 grams. Full and bold date with clear over-punching, full and well-centered cross, off-center shield with full crown above and bold oMJ to left, UNC, nicely oval flan. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $9,000-$13,500.5. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, 1715J, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-57.2; CT-109. 26.9 grams. Attractive orange color, bold full shield and oMJ and date (rare to have all 4 digits visible), full denomination VIII, nearly full crown, full but softly struck cross-and-tressure, full UNC. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $9,000-$13,500.6. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 escudos, (17)15J, from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-57.2; CT-109. 26.7 grams. Full but doubled shield with good full crown above, full cross, full oMJ, bottom tips of 15 of date only, lightly sandwashed AU. From the 1715 Fleet, with photo-certificate. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

8. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 escudos, 171(4)J, from the 1715 Fleet, with Fisher certificate. S-M30; KM-55.2; CT-234. 13.4 grams. Good full shield and cross-and-tressure, full oMJ, weak date, odd (old) marks on part of edge, XF+ with light sediment on fields. From the 1715 Fleet, with hand-signed Fisher certificate from 1967. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

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9. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 escudos, (1714)J, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC MS 64. S-M30; KM-53.2; CT-350. Choice full crown and shield with bold denomination II and king’s name PHILIP(PVS) to right, full cross-and-tressure with slight doubling at one end, lustrous and crisply detailed all over, with a hint of red toning. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

10. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 escudo, Philip V, assayer J (1705-10), from the 1715 Fleet, in custom box. S-M30; KM-51.1. 3.4 grams. Choice full shield and cross, both well centered, with bold oMX mintmark, lustrous Mint State (super grade for this type). From the 1715 Fleet, housed in a custom wooden box with plaque on top. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

11. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 escudo, 1711J, full date (very rare thus), from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-51.1; CT-506. 3.3 grams. Full and bold date and oXMJ, also full (but off-center) shield and cross, XF with red toning on fields, nice oval flan. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

12. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 escudo, Philip V, assayer not visible (style of 1711-13J), from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-51.1. 3.4 grams. Crude AXF with well-centered but truncated shield and cross, red and black spots from the sea but also a hint of luster. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $600-$900.

13. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 escudo, (1714)J, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC MS 64. S-M30; KM-51.2; CT-510. Typically crisply detailed, with full shield and cross (the latter off-center), (o)MJ and denomination I, lustrous and very lightly toned. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

14. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 escudo, (1714J), from the 1715 Fleet. S-M30; KM-51.2; CT-510. 3.4 grams. Oddly shaped flan, choice full cross, full crown above most of shield, bold denomination I and mintmark oM, much dark toning. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

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Lima, Peru15. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1699R, from the 1715 Fleet, scarce. S-L26; KM-26.2; CT-10. 26.7 grams. Crisply detailed UNC with superb full cross-lions-castles, full pillars-and-waves (tiny bit of doubling), nearly full legends, almost perfectly round flan but with two tiny edge-splits, lovely luster all over. This is one of only 6 dates (1696-1701) struck under Charles II, whose name on these coins appears simply as “C.II.,” which are naturally highly sought for the type. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.16. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1702H, very rare, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L25a; KM-38.1; CT-12. 26.9 grams. Very bold full pillars-and-waves and crown, full but slightly doubled cross, much bold legend, XF+ with lots of reddish sediment on fields. This date is missing in the State of Florida collection, and while we can trace only 3 examples, we know of at least one other. Two legend variants exist for this date, one with HISPA and the other with HISPAN, of which the present specimen is the latter (Tauler #217). From the 1715 Fleet, with Sedwick certificate from 2002. Estimate: $8,000-$12,000.17. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1704H, very rare, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L25a; KM-38.1; CT-14. 26.9 grams. Bold full cross, double-struck pillars, much legend despite a relatively small (thick) flan, XF for wear. Interestingly, Tauler lists 5 different legend variants for this date: HISPA, HISPAN, HISPANI, HISPANIA and ISPANIAR, and the present coin is the first listed (#222a). From the Corrigans wreck site of the 1715 Fleet, with Robert “Frogfoot” Weller photo-certificate. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.18. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1707H, rare, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L25a; KM-38.1; CT-17. 26.9 grams. Broad-flan AU- with full and nicely red-toned centers (pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, the latter quite bold) but weaker peripheries. Two legends variants exist for this date: ISPANIA and ISPANIAR, of which the present specimen is the latter (Tauler #226). From the 1715 Fleet, with Sedwick certificate from 1998. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.19. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1708H, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L25a; KM-38.1; CT-18. 26.9 grams. Terrifically broad flan with 100% full and bold legends, bold full cross-lions-castles and pillars-and-waves (the latter slightly doubled), UNC details but slightly shiny. This date comes in 4 legend variants: HISPAN, HISPANI, ISPANIA and ISPANIAR, the last of which applies to this coin (Tauler #232, which he calls “very rare” but is somewhat common by our records). From the 1715 Fleet, with Fisher photo-certificate #KF-1029. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.20. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1708H, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L25a; KM-38.1; CT-18. 26.9 grams. Full round flan with perfectly centered full cross-lions-castles and pillars-and-waves in addition to nearly full legends (just a few peripheral weak spots), lemon-yellow UNC. This is Tauler #232 with legend ending in ISPANIAR. From the 1715 Fleet, with Fisher certificate #NCB3737MO. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.21. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1709M, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L28; KM-38.1; CT-20. 26.9 grams. Good full cross-lions-castles and pillars-and-waves, struck a bit off-center and slightly doubled on the pillars side, but with nicely natural UNC surfaces, the date generally considered at least scarce, with known legend variants of HISPAN, HISPANI and HISPANIA, the last of which describes this specimen (Tauler #234). From the 1715 Fleet, with Sedwick certificate from 1998. Estimate: $8,000-$12,000.22. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1709M, rare, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L28; KM-38.1; CT-20. 26.5 grams. UNC with red sediment in crevices, very bold strike on a perfectly round flan, with full pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, nearly full legends ending in HISPANIA (Tauler #234), scarce date. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $8,000-$12,000.23. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1710H, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC AU 58. S-L25a; KM-38.2; CT-21. Choice specimen, fully Mint State in our estimation, with muted luster, full and well-centered bold details and much legend including a clear second date in three digits (710) and ending in HISPANIAR (Tauler #235). From the 1715 Fleet, as stated inside the slab, with Sedwick certificate from 2001. Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.24. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1711M, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC MS 62. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-22. Superb strike, with bold full details all over (very three-dimensional) and no wear whatsoever, even somewhat lustrous, certainly among the top specimens we have ever seen (rather conservatively graded by NGC in our opinion, but still among the top 5 in their census), a common date but popular among gamblers for the prominent 7-11 manifestation, this one a variety with four dots above the denomination (Tauler #237). From the 1715 Fleet, as stated inside the slab. Estimate: $12,500-$20,000.25. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1711M, from the 1715 Fleet, mounted in a high-end gold-and-diamond bezel from Smith’s International. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-22. 56.8 grams. A stunning jewel consisting of a broad-flan AU- coin with bold legends (Tauler #237) struck slightly off-center, mounted pillars-side out (to display the lucky 7-11) in an 18K gold double-bezel (open-sided) studded all around and even up the bale with 44 diamonds of approx. 2 carats total (clarity VS1/VS2, color F/G, wholesale value of $3500, with the melt value of the gold bezel at about $1174 with gold at $1650/oz), the bright lemon-yellow color of the coin contrasting beautifully with the diamonds and bezel. From the 1715 Fleet, housed in a Smith’s International leather box. Estimate: $10,000-up.26. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1711M, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC MS 61. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-22. Choice bold strike with full but slightly off-center pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, no doubling, lustrous and slightly red-toned here and there, variety with two dots above the denomination (Tauler #238, which he calls extremely rare but our experience shows otherwise). From the 1715 Fleet, as stated inside the slab. Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.27. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1711M, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-22. 26.9 grams. Smallish (thick) flan with choice and well-centered pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, some legend, matte AU+ with deep red toning all over, two-dot variety (Tauler #238). From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $9,000-$13,500.

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28. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1711M, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC AU 58. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-22. Very deep and crisp strike all over, with bold pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, well centered and with some bold legend, 4-dot variety (Tauler #237). From the 1715 Fleet, as stated inside the slab. Estimate: $9,000-$13,500.29. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1711M, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-22. 26.8 grams. Good strike (especially the cross-lions-castles) on a smallish but perfectly round flan, slightly polished XF+ with red toning on fields, 4-dot variety (Tauler #237). From the 1715 Fleet, with certificate. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.30. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1712M, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC MS 61. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-23. Choice strike with bold full pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles (very three-dimensional), completely free of wear (rather conservatively graded by NGC in our opinion) and clearly one of the first coins to come off these dies, with a trace of the second date in 3 digits in the legend, which ends on the other side with HISPANIA (Tauler #243), just some minor staining from the sea. From the 1715 Fleet, as stated inside the slab. Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.31. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1712M, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-23. 26.9 grams. Oval flan with full cross-lions-castles and pillars-and-waves, the latter with dark stains near bottom but otherwise AU and somewhat lustrous AU, second date in legend as just 71, per Tauler #240b. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $8,000-$12,000.32. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1713/2M, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC AU 58. S-L28; KM-unl (38.2 for type); CT-24. Crisp and bold details, including full pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, much bold legend including HISPANIAR (Tauler #244c) and 13 date, both of the dates showing a very clear 3/2, lustrous and lightly red-toned all over. From the 1715 Fleet, as stated inside the slab. Estimate: $8,000-$12,000.33. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1713/2M, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L28; KM-unl (38.2 for type); CT-24. 27.0 grams. Bold full pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, well-centered, with red toning all over and dark sediment in crevices, AU for wear, with trace of second date in legend (both dates with clear 3/2). From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.34. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1713/2M, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L28; KM-unl (38.2 for type); CT-24. 26.6 grams. Sandwashed VF, oval flan, with 2 clear dates, the one in the legend appearing as 13/32 due to double-striking that shifted the 3 counter-clockwise one place, much legend, nice butter-yellow color (Tauler #244c). From the Corrigans site of the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.35. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1714/3M, very rare, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L28; KM-unl (38.2 for type). 26.9 grams. Very broad flan with choice full cross-lions-castles and full but doubled pillars-and-waves, much bold legend including full PHILIPPVS and bottom of second date with clear 4/3 (Tauler #245a), AU- with red highlights around details. This final date from the 1715 Fleet is missing in the State of Florida collection and is represented by only 4-6 specimens known to researchers, of which we have sold only one in our auctions, realizing nearly $26,000 (Auction #10, lot #11). Also note the rare and remarkable pedigree of a handwritten note by Mel Fisher himself on the certificate. From the 1715 Fleet, with Cobb Coin Co. (Fisher) photo-certificate #NCB3165MO, with hand-written inscription “Today’s the day Ralph” by Mel Fisher. Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.36. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1715M, very rare. S-L28; KM-38.2; CT-27. 26.9 grams. Even though the 1715 is unknown from the 1715 Fleet, it is popular for showing the same date, and in fact it is even rarer than the 1714 (previous lot). This specimen is a nice but slightly shiny XF+ with 2 dates, full pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles and much legend on a broad flan, with HISPANIA at end per Tauler #248. Probably only 6-7 are known, this being the first we have ever offered at auction. With ANACS photo-certificate. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.37. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1725M, Louis I, scarce. L-28a; KM-40; CT-1. 26.5 grams. Smallish, thick and oddly out-of-round flan with full but unevenly struck pillars and cross, 2 full and clear dates, and all-important L(VDOV)ICVS I in legend, AU overall with small stains, nice natural color. Curiously, 8 distinct varieties are known for this highly sought 1-year type (this one being Tauler #543). Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.38. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1731(N), from the 1733 Fleet, rare provenance. S-L29; KM-38.2; CT-46. 27.2 grams. Choice Mint State with bold second date in legend that appears as “731731” due to doubling, right-hand pillar also doubled, thick coral encrustation here and there, full and bold cross-lions-castles, lovely deeply golden color, a real beauty and in high demand as a certifiable find from the 1733 Fleet. From the 1733 Fleet. Estimate: $10,000-$15,000.39. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1733N, supposedly from the 1733 Fleet (rare provenance). S-L29; KM-38.2; CT-48. 27.0 grams. Bold AU- with choice and perfectly centered pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, with fine black sediment in crevices (lending credence to its supposed provenance). Here it should be noted that Tauler lists 4 different varieties based on “distinct punctuation,” i.e., the dots in and among the pillars-side elements, and the present specimen appears to be a variety that is unlisted, with a “high” dot to the left of the final 3 of the date. Supposedly from the 1733 Fleet, with (unsigned dealer’s) certificate #95G-010 from 1995. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.40. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1733N, possibly from the 1733 Fleet (rare provenance). S-L29; KM-38.2; CT-48. 27.0 grams. Small, thick and round flan with full pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, 2 dates (the 733 in the legend impressively full), Plate Coin in Tauler (#300), bright lemon-yellow color, XF or so for wear. Pedigreed to the Numismática Ars Classica auction of November, 2000, lot #2019, and with Sedwick certificate from 2001 that says “This coin has the appearance of a sea-salvage specimen, and though I cannot confirm its origin, the 1733 fleet in the Florida Keys is a logical possibility as a source.” Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.41. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 173(?)N, encapsulated NGC XF 45. ; KM-38.2. 27.0 grams. Thick flan with bold full cross-lions-castles (slightly off-center) but crudely doubled pillars side that lacks a visible final digit of the date, nicely red-toned. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

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42. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1748R, rare. S-L31; KM-47; CT-11. 26.9 grams. Exceptional cross side with full details including legends, the pillars also full but slightly doubled, creating a confusing bit of extra metal over the 8 of the date, apparently unlisted in Tauler as its pillars-side legend ends with .R.E.X.AN (lacking the final O), AU with intense red toning here and there. Estimate: $4,500-$6,750.43. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1749R, encapsulated NGC XF 40. S-L30a; KM-unl (47 for type); CT-14. 26.9 grams. Bold full pillars-and-waves, bold but off-center cross-lions-castles with trace of second date below (per Tauler 563a but without overdate), all well contrasted by deep red toning on fields, not much legend (small flan). Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

Cuzco, Peru

44. Lima, Peru, cob 8 escudos, 1749R. S-L30a; KM-unl (47 for type); CT-14. 27.1 grams. This fascinating coin, which appears to be unlisted in Tauler, bears traces of L-R flanking and 749 date below the cross, plus a bold 74 in the legend on the pillars side, making it one of the few Lima 8E to bear THREE dates! The pillars are full but slightly doubled, and the bold cross-lions-castles is slightly off-center, but everything is attractively contrasted by red-toned fields, no worse than XF for actual wear. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

45. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1703H, from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC MS 63, finest known specimen graded by NGC, rare. S-L25a; KM-36; CT-298. 6.7 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, with full king’s name PHILIPPVS, bold full REX, no doubling at all, lustrous and lightly toned in a few places. From the 1715 Fleet, as stated inside the slab. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

46. Lima, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 1711M, from the 1715 Fleet. S-L28; KM-36; CT-305. 6.7 grams. Good full cross-lions-castles, full but slightly doubled pillars-and-waves, lustrous Mint State with light toning, much legend on an oval flan. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

47. Cuzco, Peru, cob 2 escudos, 169(8M), “Bogotá cut,” from the 1715 Fleet. S-CZ1; KM-28; CT-122. 6.8 grams. Nice full cross-lions-castles despite small (very thick) flan, the pillars side off-center, date off flan but mintmark clear, lustrous Mint State with steeply sloping sides (sharply cut at mint). From the 1715 Fleet, with Sedwick certificate from 2002. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

48. Cuzco, Peru, cob 1 escudo, 1698M, Plate Coin in The Practical Book of Cobs, extremely rare (only about 5 known). S-CZ1; KM-A27; CT-173. 3.2 grams. Broad-flan XF+ (the metal extended beyond the border of dots) with full details (cross-and-tressure, castle flanked by C-M with date below), with light toning and luster, a clear candidate for finest known if it weren’t for an old hole above the castle, which was no doubt put in specifically BECAUSE the coin was so nice, as all other known specimens (and there are not many) are on much smaller and fatter flans. Plate Coin on page 143 of the 4th edition of The Practical Book of Cobs, and pedigreed to the Morris Geiger collection. Estimate: $5,000-up.

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Cartagena, Colombia

49. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, assayer not visible (E), mintmark RN to right (1626-29). S-C7; KM-4.4. 6.8 grams. Choice full shield with bold denomination II to left, certain RN to right, full and nice (but off-center) cross with bold legend, XF+ with red toning on fields. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

Bogotá, Colombia

50. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip IV, assayer A below mintmark NR to left, ex-”Mesuno hoard” (ca. 1636). S-B20; KM-4.1. 6.7 grams. Full but double-struck shield with what looks like .N.R.x.A. (double-struck NRA) to left, full but partially flat cross, oddly-shaped flan, very lightly toned UNC. From the “Mesuno hoard” (ca. 1636). Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.51. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip IV, assayer not visible (A below mintmark NR to left), ex-”Mesuno hoard” (ca. 1636). S-B20; KM-4.1. 6.7 grams. Small, thick flan with choice full cross, full shield, no peripheral detail but recognizable style and typically high grade (Mint State), tiny edge-split. From the “Mesuno hoard” (ca. 1636). Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.52. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, (165)0R. S-B21; KM-4.1; CT-171. 6.7 grams. Lightly toned VF with full and bold but off-center shield, II-R to right (also king’s name), full but off-center cross, bottom of last digit of date visible (the rest inferred by style). Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.53. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip IV, assayer R to right, mintmark NR to left (early 1650s), from the Maravillas (1656), encapsulated NGC MS 60 / Maravillas treasure. S-B21; KM-4.1. Bold and full cross, nearly full shield and crown (slightly off-center), highly lustrous and lightly red-toned. From the Maravillas (1656), as stated in the slab, with certificate. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

54. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip IV, assayer not visible (style of Ramos, 1650s). S-B21; KM-4.1. 6.8 grams. Bold NR to left of nearly full shield, nearly full cross on other side, nice AU with hint of toning and luster. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.55. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Charles II, assayer G to right, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B22a; KM-14.1. 6.7 grams. Bold XF with dark encrustation in crevices, nearly full shield and cross, full assayer G below denomination to right, NR to left, bold first digit 1 of date, slightly crude edge (as made). From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.56. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Charles II, 169(?), from the 1715 Fleet, encapsulated NGC AU 58. S-B24; KM-14.2.

Full but partially flat shield, full and choice cross, much luster and good centering. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

57. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1706, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-14.2; CT-9. 6.3 grams. Choice, lustrous Mint State with clear date, nice but slightly off-center full cross, full and well-centered shield. From the 1715 Fleet with Fisher photo-certificate #PC6-30996. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

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58. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1714, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-17.1; CT-17. 6.8 grams. Huge flan with full but heavily doubled shield and cross, bold full date, lustrous UNC with spots of black staining. From the Rio Mar site of the 1715 Fleet, with Cobb Coin Co. (Fisher) tag and photo-certificate #10419J. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

59. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, 1714, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-17.1; CT-17. 6.7 grams. Bold but slightly unevenly struck XF with full shield and cross (both partially flat, the latter with slight doubling), bottom part of date only, reddish toning. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.60. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Charles II posthumous, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-17.1. 6.7 grams. Lustrous UNC with minor flat spots, broad flan, full shield and cross-and-tressure (including rings in dimples), some legend. From the 1715 Fleet (Douglass Beach site), with Fisher photo-certificate #44246. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.61. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Charles II posthumous, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-17.1. 6.7 grams. Very bold full cross enhanced by dark encrustation in crevices, upper-left part of shield only but that part very well detailed, king’s ordinal II, full first digit 1 of date, nice XF. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $1,750-$2,250.

62. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Charles II posthumous, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-17.1. 6.7 grams. Choice UNC with excellent full cross, upper half of shield, dark encrustation in crevices. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $1,750-$2,250.63. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, posthumous Charles II, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-17.1. 6.7 grams. Squarish flan with full but partially flat cross-and-tressure, full but doubled shield, lustrous but ex-jewelry (AU details). From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.64. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Philip V, assayer not visible (1720s to early 1730s), mintmark F to right, from the 1733 Fleet. KM-17.2. 6.7 grams. Very choice full shield with .F. to left and king’s ordinal V full and clear, full but doubled cross-and-tressure with much legend except where the date should be, AU with sediment in crevices. From the 1733 Fleet. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.65. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 escudos, Ferdinand VI, assayer S to left, mintmark FS to right. S-B27a; KM-25. 6.7 grams. Round flan with bold full cross-and-tressure, full crown and shield with bold S to left and F.S to right, XF with red residue on fields. Estimate: $900-$1,350.66. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1 escudo, Charles II posthumous, from the 1715 Fleet. S-B24; KM-13. 3.3 grams. Broad-flan UNC with bold king’s ordinal II outside full shield, full but off-center cross, attractively lustrous. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

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Seville, Spain

67. Seville, Spain, cob 8 escudos, (169)8/7(M), very rare, especially as from the 1715 Fleet. KM-61.2; CT-75. 26.7 grams. A lustrous and very high-grade piece (UNC), somewhat triangular in shape, with full but slightly crude crown and shield, nearly full cross, clear 8/7 of date, tiny bits of coral here and there. While not the usual fare from the Fleet, this mainland Spanish cob is very similar to ones offered in the Parke-Bernet (New York, 1967) “Treasure of the Spanish Main” and Schulman (New York, 1972) auctions of 1715-Fleet material, which took place about the same time as this coin was acquired by a collector in Puerto Rico (either through or assisted by Gabriel Calbetó). Interestingly, the Tauler listing for this overdate (#191) shows a different style of fleurs-de-lis in the quadrants of the cross, and to us it appears the Tauler plate coin could actually be 7/6 instead. In any case, this coin is rare on multiple levels—as a dated shield-type cob (let alone the overdate), as a high-grade Spanish cob, and as a Spanish cob from the 1715 Fleet. From the 1715 Fleet. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

68. Seville, Spain, cob 4 escudos, Philip II, assayer Gothic D below mintmark S to left. CT-11. 13.4 grams. Typically broad flan (but not as round as most), with full crown and shield, full cross-and-tressure, bold S-D (Gothic) to left and oIIII to right, some legend, AXF with contrasting sediment in crevices. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.69. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, (15)96(B), date to right. CT-80. 6.7 grams. Good full cross, full and well-detailed shield with bold 96 of date to right, all very well contrasted by dark sediment on fields, XF with flat spots. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.70. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, 15(9?)B, date to right and assayer below mintmark S and denomination II to left. CT-Type 50. 6.7 grams. Broad, thin flan with good full shield flanked by S-II-B to left and 15 of date to right, full cross-and-tressure, lightly toned XF. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

71. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip II, assayer Gothic D below mintmark S to left, encapsulated NGC XF details / edge damage. CT-59. Full round flan with bold legends, choice full inner details (shield and cross, S-D to left and II to right), well centered and near AU in grade but with small part of edge clipped at top of shield side. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

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72. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer V, encapsulated NGC XF 40 (erroneously attributed to Philip II). KM-48.3; CT-Type 21. Bold mintmark S and clear assayer V (which came after Philip II) to left of incomplete shield, full but off-center cross, toned AU with peripheral flatness (despite what the slab says). Estimate: $800-$1,200.73. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer V, encapsulated NGC XF 40. KM-48.3; CT-Type 21. Oval flan with bold S-V and denomination II flanking a nearly full shield, the cross nearly full but partially flat, attractively red-toned and accurately graded in our opinion. Estimate: $800-$1,200.74. Seville, Spain, cob 2 escudos, Philip III, assayer not visible. KM-48.3. 6.7 grams. Good full cross with dots instead of fleurs-de-lis in quadrants, nearly full crown and shield, all well contrasted by dark sediment in crevices but no peripheral detail at all, nice XF. Estimate: $750-$1,100.75. Seville, Spain, 1 escudo, Charles-Joanna, assayer Gothic D to left, mintmark S to right, mounted in 18K bezel. CT-55. 9.1 grams total. Typically sharp and fine details all over, with full shield and cross, much legend, XF or better for grade, simple flat-band bezel with swivel bale. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.76. Seville, Spain, 1 escudo, Charles-Joanna, assayer Gothic D to left, mintmark S to right. CT-55. 3.4 grams. Sharply detailed AU with crude spot (as made) at upper-left on shield side, much legend, full shield and cross, toned in crevices. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

77. Seville, Spain, 1 escudo, Charles-Joanna, assayer * to left, mintmark S to right, encapsulated NGC MS 62. CT-58. Superb specimen with typically choice strike but also lustrous, with full legends and inner details, excellent crown and shield and cross. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

78. Seville, Spain, 1 escudo, Charles-Joanna, assayer * to left, mintmark S to right. CT-58. 3.4 grams. Full details on both sides, including legends, typically sharp, on the usual round and thin flan, with tiny edge-split, XF+. Estimate: $600-$900.

45

79. Seville, Spain, 1 escudo, Charles-Joanna, assayer * to right, mintmark S to left, ex-Huntington. CT-57. 3.3 grams. Full flan that extends beyond the legends, all details complete (crown, shield, cross and legends), nice XF+ overall, problem-free, with highly desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Archer M. Huntington collection (Hispanic Society of America). Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.80. Seville, Spain, 1 escudo, Charles-Joanna, assayer * to right, mintmark S to left. CT-57. 3.3 grams. Choice full shield, good full crown and cross, most of legends, attractively red-toned XF. Estimate: $800-$1,200.81. Seville, Spain, cob 1 escudo, Philip II, assayer Gothic D to right, mintmark S to left. CT-110. 3.4 grams. Choice full shield and cross (both smaller than on the prior Charles-Joanna issues), broad thin flan with full king’s name, AU+ with toning in crevices. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.82. Seville, Spain, cob 1 escudo, 1621, full date (rare), assayer not visible. KM-unl; CT-unl. 2.6 grams. Tiny flan due to shaving in its time, the shield full but the cross off-center in just the right way to make the date 100% full and bold (very unusual for this denomination), this date listed as #64a in Tauler but unlisted in KM and CT, red-toned VF. Estimate: $500-$750.

Toledo, Spain

83. Toledo, Spain, 1 escudo, Charles-Joanna, assayer M to right, mintmark T to left, encapsulated NGC MS 61. CT-61. Superb full details all over (full crown, shield, cross and legends), lustrous and high grade, far scarcer than its Sevillan counterparts. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

84. Toledo, Spain, cob 1 escudo, Philip II, assayer M below oT mintmark to left, denomination oI to right, encapsulated NGC AU 58. CT-unl. Full but slightly crude (as made) shield and cross, lustrous and high grade but the flan much smaller than the Charles-Joanna issue, attractive butter-yellow color, Tauler #51 but unlisted in CT. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

85. Toledo, Spain, cob 1 escudo, Philip II, assayer M to right, mintmark T to left, encapsulated NGC XF details / obv damage. CT-122. Bold and full but oddly tilted shield with bold legend around, full but crude cross, unusual type without borders of dots, old scratches on obverse as noted in slab. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

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World Gold Coins

Argentina (Tierra del Fuego)

Afghanistan (Kidarites)

86. Kidarite Kingdom (Afghanistan), stater, Kidara series, fifth century AD. M-3695. 7.9 grams. King standing at altar / Lakshmi seated facing out. A bit worn (AVF) but nicely toned on fields and problem-free. Estimate: $200-$300.

87. Argentina (Tierra del Fuego, Popper), 1 gramo, 1889, encapsulated NGC MS 63. Janson-7; KM-TN5; Fr-2. Lustrous, fully detailed and beautifully toned, popular as issued by the Romanian-Jewish gold-prospector Julius Popper using gold dust found on the beach of El Páramo in the Patagonian peninsula. Popper’s expedition achieved a sort of autonomy, with its own army and coins and stamps, until his sudden death in 1893. Popper gold coins rarely come up for sale, and this particular example is among the finest known graded by NGC (top 5 in NGC census). Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

Australia

88. Lot of 2 Australian sovereigns of Victoria (young head): 1868 and 1870. KM-4. 15.9 grams total. Problem-free XF-AU with some luster. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

89. Australia, proof 1-oz bullion $100, 2000, Year of the dragon. KM-528. 31.1 grams. Interesting “reverse” proof inasmuch as the central raised elements are glossy and the fields are matte, this specimen flawless to our eyes. Estimate: $1,500-$2,000.

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47

Austria

90. Lot of 2 Austrian 100 euros, 2004, Vienna Philharmonic (each 1 oz .9999 gold). KM-3095. 62.2 grams total. Matte Mint State (as made), no problems. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.91. Lot of 2 Austrian 100 euros, 2004, Vienna Philharmonic (each 1 oz .9999 gold). KM-3095. 62.2 grams total. Matte Mint State (as made), no problems. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.92. Lot of 2 Austrian 100 euros, 2004, Vienna Philharmonic (each 1 oz .9999 gold). KM-3095. 62.2 grams total. Matte Mint State (as made), no problems. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.93. Lot of 2 Austrian 100 euros, 2004, Vienna Philharmonic (each 1 oz .9999 gold). KM-3095. 62.2 grams total. Matte Mint State (as made), no problems. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.94. Lot of 2 Austrian 100 euros, 2004, Vienna Philharmonic (each 1 oz .9999 gold). KM-3095. 62.2 grams total. Matte Mint State (as made), no problems. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

Bolivia (colonial)

Busts

95. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 escudos, Charles III, 1783PR. KM-59; CT-149. 26.9 grams. Choice strike, AU details but some minor old scratches in field in front of face, hint of toning. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.96. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 escudos, Charles III, 1791PR, non-laureate bust, rare (missing in Eliasberg), encapsulated NGC AU 55, finest known graded by NGC. KM-81; CT-97. First year of non-laureate type, fully lustrous and problem-free. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.97. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV, 1797PP. KM-81; CT-104. 26.9 grams. Problem-free XF+ with typically weak bust, nice rims, hint of toning and luster. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

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98. Contemporary counterfeit in platinum of a Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV, 1804PJ, very rare. 26.7 grams. Slightly inaccurate design but of proper weight and size (as expected for platinum, which was not considered valuable in colonial days), somewhat grainy texture all over but no sign of wear, nicely toned. Estimate: $2,500-up.

99. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VII, 1823PJ. KM-91; CT-89. 27.0 grams. UNC details (very lustrous) but with hairlines in obverse fields and with tiny (old) hole at top, much better strike as usual for this 3-year type, the strong bust detail in particular worth a premium. Estimate: $1,250-$1,800.100. No lot.

Brazil (Pernambuco)

101. Restrike of Pernambuco, Brazil (Dutch administration), klippe 12 guilders, 1645, marked COPIA 159. KM-7.1 for original type. 7.6 grams. Among the rarest and most important gold coins of Brazil is a series of square (clipped) Dutch coins struck in Pernambuco in 1645-6 from African gold in denominations of 3, 6 and 12 guilders, of which no more than 50-60 specimens survive today, as they were largely melted when (or before) the colony fell to the Portuguese in 1654. Each coin bore the GWC monogram for the Dutch West India Company (the G standing for “Geoctroyeede,” meaning chartered) below the denomination on one side and ANNO BRASIL and the date on the other side. This official restrike is a faithful replica and is fully lustrous Mint State. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

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Brazil (colonial)

102. Brazil (Minas mint), 20,000 reis, João V, 1726-M, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-117. To the Portuguese, Brazil was no more than a strategically placed colony until the 1690s, when large deposits of gold were found in the inland area of Minas Gerais, triggering a rush of exploration and development known to history as the Gold Circuit. Before long the area became heavily populated and graced with both a tax-collection office (at Tambate in 1694) and a Royal mint (at Minas in 1724). In the 1720s this mint produced the largest gold coin of its time: the 53.5-gram dobrão (20,000 reis), a single specimen of which could buy many acres of land in its day. The coin on offer here is a lovely example of the impressive Minas dobrão, with gorgeous mint luster and bold details, certainly among the finest known of the 4-year type. The obverse legend reads IOANNES * V * D * G * PORT * ET * ALG * REX around the crowned Portuguese arms, with IN HOC SIGNO VINCES on the reverse around a cross with florets in the angles. Only two specimens were graded higher by NGC—the Eliasberg specimen at MS 65 and one other at MS 64—but we feel that this MS 63 shows details that the higher-Mint State coins lack, like better globes inside the small shields in the center, due to superior die quality. In any grade, however, the dobrão is clearly one of the most important gold coins of Latin America. Estimate: $8,000-$12,000.

103. Brazil (Rio mint), 6400 reis, José I, 1777-R. KM-172.2. 14.2 grams. Beautifully red-toned XF with adjustment marks on bust, last year of type. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.104. Brazil (Rio mint), 6400 reis, Maria I, 1788-R. KM-218.1.

14.3 grams. Lustrous Mint State, no problems. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.105. Brazil (Rio mint), 6400 reis, Maria I, 1799-R. KM-226.1. 14.3 grams. Problem-free AU with muted luster due to slightly grainy surfaces (as made), hint of toning. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

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106. Brazil (Rio mint), 6400 reis, Maria I, 1800-R, encapsulated NGC MS 63, second finest known graded by NGC. KM-226.1. Superb luster, minor bagmarks but no wear at all, very flashy. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

107. Brazil (Rio mint), 6400 reis, João as Prince Regent, 1809-R. KM-236.1. 14.3 grams. Lustrous Mint State with slightly crude rims (as made), choice grade. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

108. Brazil (Rio mint), 4000 reis, Pedro II, 1700. KM-98. 8.1 grams. Deeply red-toned XF with minor rim-bump, no big problems. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

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51

109. Brazil (struck in Lisbon, Portugal), 4000 reis, José I, 1775, large crown, king’s name as IOSEPHUS. KM-171.1. 8.1

grams. Lustrous UNC, no problems, very attractive. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

110. Brazil (Rio mint), 4000 reis, João as Prince Regent, 1811, flowers flanking date. KM-235.2. 7.8 grams. AU with muted luster and faint toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

Brazil (Empire)

111. Brazil, 20,000 reis, Pedro II, 1853. KM-468. 17.8 grams. Heavily bagmarked AU with muted luster. Estimate: $500-$750.112. Brazil, 10,000 reis, Pedro II, 1853. KM-467. 8.9 grams. XF+ with bagmarks, some luster. Estimate: $200-$300.113. Brazil (Rio mint), 4000 reis, Pedro I, 1824-R. KM-369.1. 8.0 grams. Lustrous Mint State with weak strike on shoulder (and same place on reverse), very choice and attractive, rare grade. Estimate: $2,500-up.

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114. Brazil (Rio mint), 6400 reis, Pedro I, 1827-R, extremely rare, encapsulated NGC AU 55, second finest known graded by NGC. KM-370.1; Russo-634; Fr-109. . 14.3 grams.

A classic rarity of Brazilian numismatics, the Pedro I 6400 reis is an extremely rare issue, of which only a few hundred specimens were struck in any given year from 1823 to 1828 (in addition to the unique 1830 and a small handful from Bahia) at a prescribed weight of 14.4 grams. This year (1827) was in fact the second-lowest mintage of the series (637 struck), and today only about 7-9 GENUINE specimens of it are known (fakes abound, which explains why even damaged coins are slabbed to prove authenticity). As this issue immediately followed the famous “coronation” 6400 reis of 1822, and was struck only in small numbers with specially polished dies to create a prooflike image, it is conceivable that ALL the 6400 reis of Pedro I were intended as presentation pieces and not for general circulation. That theory is supported by the fact that all known specimens are either high grade and undamaged (like this one), or damaged from being mounted and worn, as are more than half of the specimens known for this date. It is virtually certain they were not for general circulation.

The reign of Pedro I was brief but significant. After the Portuguese royal family was exiled to Brazil by the French in 1807, Pedro stayed behind as regent of Brazil when the family returned to Lisbon in 1821. The next year he declared independence for the Empire of Brazil. Throughout the 1820s Pedro was faced with unrest, both in Brazil and in Portugal, where he became King for a brief time in 1825 before control was placed with other family members. In 1831 Pedro abdicated the Brazilian throne in favor of his young son, Pedro II, in order to better handle the situation in Lisbon.

It should be noted that the present coin is one of only two listed in the current NGC census of gradable (and of course genuine) specimens, both deemed About Uncirculated (the finer specimen is AU 58). Our coin shows full original luster, with bold features and flashiness usually found only on prooflike coins. We feel that the AU designation for these coins is due to misinterpretation of slight flatness of strike on the obverse, as our coin clearly shows no wear. For pricing reference, we note that a specimen of this date, graded by PCGS as only “genuine, smoothed, EF details” and showing what we consider obvious scratches, nicks and cleaning, sold recently in Stacks-Bowers-Ponterio for $10,575. Ours is a much more magnificent coin, sure to appeal to world gold type-collectors and Brazilian specialists alike.

Estimate: $8,000-$12,000.

Byzantine Empire115. Byzantine Empire (Constantinople mint), histamenon nomisma, Romanus III Argyrus, 1028-34 AD, Constantinople mint. DOC 1b-1d; Sear 1819. 4.3 grams. Christ enthroned facing, with crossed nimbus, raising right hand in blessing and holding Book of Gospels / Romanus on left, wearing loros, standing facing and holding globus cruciger; on right, Virgin Mary, veiled and nimbate, standing facing and crowning the Emperor with Her right hand. Problem-free VF. Estimate: $600-$900.116. Byzantine Empire (Constantinople mint), solidus, Justin II, 565-578 AD, Constantinople mint, 6th officina, struck 567-578 AD. DOC 4e; MIBE 5; SB 345. 4.4 grams. Helmeted and cuirassed facing bust, holding Victory on globe and shield / Constantinopolis seated facing on throne, head right, holding staff and globus cruciger; CONOB in exergue. Lustrous XF+ with flan extending well beyond details as usual. Estimate: $400-$600.

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120. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1751J, from the Luz (1752), encapsulated NGC MS 61. KM-3; CT-72. Very weak centers (as usual), with minor laminations, off-center strike, good luster. From the Luz (1752). Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

121. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1751J, from the Luz (1752), encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-3; CT-72. Matte fields with muted luster, off-center strike, typically weak in centers. From the Luz (1752), as stated inside the slab. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

122. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789DA. KM-42; CT-146. 27.0 grams. Well-struck AU- with muted luster, die-crack at 4 o’clock on reverse, no problems. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

Chile (colonial)Busts

117. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1751J, from the Luz (1752), encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-3; CT-72. Choice strike and grade, with good luster and traces of sediment in crevices, minor lamination to left of crown being the only flaw we can see. From the Luz (1752), with generic certificate. Estimate: $4,000-up.

118. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1751J, from the Luz (1752), encapsulated NGC UNC details / surface hairlines. KM-3; CT-72. Superb luster, typically weak centers, the “surface hairlines” all parallel and therefore not from cleaning in our time. From the Luz (1752). Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

119. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1751J, from the Luz (1752), encapsulated NGC UNC details / sea salvaged. KM-3; CT-72. Matte fields with muted luster, nice toning, off-center strike, typical central weakness but fully UNC. From the Luz (1752). Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

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54

123. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV (bust of Charles III), 1802JJ. KM-54; CT-163. 27.1 grams. Super luster, UNC details but hairlines in fields, nice strike. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

124. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos Ferdinand VII transitional (“admiral’s bust”), 1808FJ, rare. KM-72; CT-112. 27.0 grams.

Bold AU details but lightly polished surfaces, first year of type. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

125. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1813/2FJ. KM-78; CT-119. 27.0 grams. Lustrous AU with minor marks, nearly invisible graffiti in field in front of face. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.126. Santiago, Chile, bust 4 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1749J, from the Luz (1752), encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-2; CT-133. Matte fields with luster in legends, encrustation in crevices, typically weak in centers. From the Luz (1752). Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.127. Santiago, Chile, bust 4 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1750/5J, from the Luz (1752), encapsulated NGC AU 55. KM-2; CT-134 (listed as 0/3). Well-struck bust but weaker on reverse, matte fields with traces of luster, choice rims. From the Luz (1752), as stated inside the slab. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

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128. Santiago, Chile, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1807FJ, rare. KM-61; CT-605. 3.4 grams. Low mintage of just 544 coins, somewhat crude all over (as made), including repunched lettering and weak bust, but lustrous and high grade (AU). Estimate: $800-$1,200.

129. Santiago, Chile, bust 1 escudo, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1816FJ, very rare. KM-76; CT-347. 3.3 grams. Low mintage of just 408 coins, attractively red-toned XF. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Chile (Republic)

130. Santiago, Chile, 2 escudos, 1850LA. KM-102.2. 6.7 grams.

Problem-free VF. Estimate: $500-$700.131. Santiago, Chile, 1 escudo, 1838IJ. KM-99. 3.4 grams. Problem-free AU with attractive red toning and luster, scarce low mintage (6122 coins) and one-year type. Estimate: $700-$1,000.132. Santiago, Chile, 10 pesos, 1853. KM-123. 15.2 grams. Problem-free AXF with hint of luster. Estimate: $800-$1,200.133. Santiago, Chile, 5 pesos, 1895. KM-153. 2.9 grams. Lustrous UNC, no problems. Estimate: $200-$300.

China

134. China, 10 yuan (1/4-oz “panda”), 1985. KM-115. 3.1 grams. Typically lustrous UNC with staining and tiny rim-nicks at top. Estimate: $150-$225.

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Colombia (colonial)Busts

137. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV, 1792JJ, no • between assayers. Restrepo-97.6a; CT-121; KM-62.1. 26.8 grams. Bagmarked XF with luster, minor rim-bumps, even yellow color. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

138. Popayán, Colombia, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1820FM, • after HISP. Restrepo-128.35a; CT-83; KM-66.2. 27.0 grams. Lustrous and lightly toned UNC with one old scratch in center on both sides, interesting in that the planchet extends beyond the rims. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

135. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 8 escudos, Charles III, 1777JJ. Restrepo-72.14; CT-182; KM-50.1. 26.9 grams. Well-struck, lustrous UNC details but with old scratch to right of bust and minor rim-damage at top. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

136. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV, 1791JJ, no • between assayers. Restrepo-95.10b; CT-120; KM-62.1. 27.0 grams. Lustrous and well-struck AU with toning in legends, bagmarks in fields. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

139. Popayán, Colombia, bust 4 escudos, Charles III (bust of Ferdinand VI), 1769J. Restrepo-64.8; CT-351; KM-37. 13.2 grams.

AXF with crude rims (as made), filed edge as ex-jewelry, light toning, scarce type. Estimate: $600-$900.140. Popayán, Colombia, bust 4 escudos, Charles III, 1786SF. Restrepo-68.18; CT-361; KM-44a. 13.4 grams. Lustrous AU- with weak bust, parts of rims crude (as made) and minor laminations, scarce 1-year type. Estimate: $800-$1,200.141. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 escudos, Charles III (bust of Ferdinand VI), 1770J. Restrepo-58.16; CT-500; KM-36.2. 6.8 grams.

Attractively red-toned XF, no problems, scarce. Estimate: $600-$900.142. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1772VJ. Restrepo-61.1; CT-549; KM-49.1. 6.7 grams. Decent AXF, no problems,

slightly crude rims (as made), first date of type. Estimate: $400-$600.143. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1779SF. Restrepo-62.16; CT-509; KM-49.2. 6.7 grams. Problem-free VF. Estimate: $400-$600.

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144. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1787SF. Restrepo-62.32; CT-517; KM-49.2a. 6.8 grams. Mint State with full luster, very faint hairlines in obverse fields only. Estimate: $500-$750.145. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 escudos, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1790/89SF. Restrepo-88.4; CT-unl (45 for type); KM-51.2. 6.6 grams. Problem-free VF with hint of toning, clear overdate that is unlisted in CT. Estimate: $350-$500.

149. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1805JT, encapsulated NGC AU 53. 85.32; CT-538; KM-56.2. Scarce grade (second finest known graded by NGC), highly lustrous, the reverse slightly off-center and the rims slightly crude as a result. Estimate: $500-$750.150. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1806JJ, encapsulated NGC AU 58, finest known graded by NGC. Restrepo-84.30; CT-581; KM-56.1. Bold strike, muted luster, lightly toned. Estimate: $450-$675.151. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 escudo, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1814/3JF, encapsulated NGC AU 58. Restrepo-123.12; CT-unl (73 for type); KM-64.2. Highly lustrous and well struck (second finest known graded by NGC) but with weak spot on reverse, the overdate missing in CT. Estimate: $400-$600.

146. Popayán, Colombia, bust 2 escudos, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1818FM, rare. Restrepo-125.3; CT-241; KM-65.2. 6.7 grams. Lustrous UNC with faint hairlines, curious flan-bulge on reverse, 3-year type with high catalog value. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

147. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 escudo, Charles III, 1772JS. Restrepo-54.2; CT-671; KM-48.2. 3.3 grams. Toned AXF with sediment in crevices, part of obverse rim crude (as made). Estimate: $250-$375.

148. Popayán, Colombia, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1792JF. Restrepo-85.2; CT-523; KM-56.2. 3.3 grams. Decent AVF with 2 old punchmarks at top of head. Estimate: $175-$250.

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Colombia (Republic)

154. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 escudos, 1829RS, encapsulated NGC AU 55. Sedwick-6; Restrepo-165.17; KM-82.1. Muted luster, somewhat matte, no problems. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

155. Popayán, Colombia, 8 escudos, 1830UR, ex-Sedwick, encapsulated NGC AU 55. Sedwick-7; Restrepo-166.27; KM-82.2. Very lustrous, with light old scratches at bottom of reverse, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Dr. Frank Sedwick collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

152. Popayán, Colombia, 8 escudos, 1825FM, encapsulated NGC VF 35. Sedwick-7; Restrepo-166.7; KM-82.2. Problem-free but typically dull surfaces, hint of muted luster. Estimate: $1,500-$2,000.

153. Bogotá, Colombia, 8 escudos, 1828RS, encapsulated NGC AU 55. Sedwick-6; Restrepo-165.15; KM-82.1. Lustrous, with a few minor surface flaws. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

Colombia (Republic of New Granada)

156. Popayán, Colombia, 16 pesos, 1838RU. Sedwick-19; Restrepo-212.3; KM-94.2. 27.0 grams. AU with luster and toning, very light surface hairlines. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.157. Bogotá, Colombia, 16 pesos, 1841RS. Sedwick-18; Restrepo-211.9; KM-94.1. 26.8 grams. Bagmarked AU with muted luster, even yellow color. Estimate: $1,500-$2,000.158. Bogotá, Colombia, 10 pesos, 1857. Sedwick-16; Restrepo-209.1; KM-122.1. 15.9 grams. XF with bagmarks, bold legends enhanced by contrasting toning. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

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Colombia (Granadine Confederation)

159. Popayán, Colombia, 10 pesos, 1860. Sedwick-26; Restrepo-235.4; KM-129.1. 16.0 grams. Sharp AU with luster but typically crude (as made), especially the rims. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Colombia (United States of Colombia)

160. Popayán, Colombia, 10 pesos, 1870, extremely rare. Sedwick-40; Restrepo-332.8; KM-141.3. 16.1 grams. Choice AU for type (typically crude, especially the rims), with lots of luster and sharp details. First and only specimen ever offered at auction (its authenticity confirmed by other experts in Colombia), as only 2 specimens are known, the other one belonging to the Banco de la Republica de Colombia and plated in Restrepo, who does not recognize its rarity and in fact gives it values in F-VF-EF (as does KM, but with higher values), even though it appears both known specimens are AU or better. Dr. Frank Sedwick called it “RRRR” (highest rarity rating) in his book. A unique opportunity for the Colombian specialist. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

161. No lot.162. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1873, encapsulated NGC MS 63. Sedwick-32; Restrepo-322.3; KM-157.2. Choice bold strike, lustrous and problem-free (among the finest known), also low mintage of only 3374 coins. Estimate: $300-$450.

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Costa Rica (Central American Republic)

165. Costa Rica, 1 escudo, 1833E. KM-14. 3.1 grams. Lustrous AU with weak leaves in tree (as usual), no problems. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

163. Costa Rica, 8 escudos, 1828F, rare. KM-17. 26.7 grams. Problem-free VF with hint of luster, nicely old-toned, very popular type-coin that is prohibitively expensive in high grade and rarely seen without problems, also low mintage of only 5302 coins. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

164. Costa Rica, 4 escudos, 1837E, rare. KM-16. 13.3 grams. Lustrous XF with bagmarks, slight flan-bulge on tree side, no problems except for minor rim-bruises, popular type. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

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166. Costa Rica, 1 escudo, 1844M. KM-14. 3.0 grams. Choice strike (full leaves) and grade (lustrous AU) but with minor mounting marks on edge, small punch in field. Estimate: $600-$900.

170. Quito, Ecuador, 8 escudos, 1852/0GJ. KM-34.1. 26.9 grams. Popular issue with head of Bolívar, this specimen AXF with deep rainbow-toning all over, no problems, very eye-catching and desirable in the current market. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

167. Costa Rica, 1 escudo, 1849JB. KM-14. 3.1 grams. Well-detailed XF (nice strike) with hairlines and the edge re-applied as from a jewelry mounting. Estimate: $500-$750.

Costa Rica (Republic)

168. Costa Rica, 1/2 escudo, 1850JB. KM-97. 1.5 grams. Bold UNC with slight concavity, light scratch to right of column, good luster. Estimate: $300-$450.

Cuba169. Cuba, 2 pesos, 1916. KM-17. 3.4 grams. Matte Mint State with muted luster, no problems. Estimate: $200-$300.

Ecuador

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171. Ecuador (struck in Birmingham, England), 10 sucres, 1899JM-BIRMINGHAM, encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-56.

Attractive gold color, muted luster, looks every bit of Mint State. Estimate: $700-$1,000.172. Lot of 2 Ecuador (struck in Birmingham, England) 10 sucres, 1898 and 1900. 16.2 grams total. Both AU- with some luster, no problems. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

Great Britain

Egypt (Mamluks)

173. Mamluks (Egypt), dinar, Barquq, 1382-1399 AD, Cairo. A-972; M-1177. 9.6 grams. Kalima / name and titles. AU- with very neat fields, muted luster. Estimate: $350-$500.

France

174. France (Bordeaux mint), double Louis d’or, Louis XVI, 1786-K. KM-592•8• 15.2 grams. Lustrous AU (choice grade) with minor surface hairlines, small void on part of edge (as made). Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

175. France (Paris mint), 5 francs, Napoleon III, 1859-A, head right. KM-787.1. 1.6 grams. UNC with minor surface hairlines, muted luster. Estimate: $200-$300.

176. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (young head), 1855, from the Douro (1882). KM-736.1; Sp-3852D. 8.0 grams. Slightly bagmarked AU with traces of ocean staining, hints of luster. From the Douro (1882), with certificate. Estimate: $500-$750.177. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (young head), 1857, from the Douro (1882), encapsulated NGC AU 53. KM-736.1; Sp-3852D. Some bagmarks but nice luster, attractive gold color. From the Douro (1882), as stated in the slab. Estimate: $500-$750.

178. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (young head), 1862, from the Douro (1882), encapsulated NGC AU 53. KM-736.1; Sp-3852D. Decent luster and color. From the Douro (1882), as stated in the slab. Estimate: $500-$750.179. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (young head), 1863, die 13, from the Douro (1882), encapsulated NGC AU 53. KM-736.2; Sp-3853. A few stray marks and spots but good luster. From the Douro (1882), as stated in the slab. Estimate: $500-$750.

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180. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (jubilee head), 1888. KM-767; Sp-3866B. 8.0 grams. BU with light bagmarks, second issue with repositioned legend. Estimate: $600-$900.181. London, England, sovereign, Victoria (jubilee head), 1890, extremely rare as 1 of only 3 gold coins found on the S.S. Oronsa (1918). KM-767; Sp-3866B. VF with dark sediment around details, first time we have even heard of this wreck, which was a Pacific Steamship Navigation Co. liner torpedoed off Wales during WWI and salvaged in 1985-6. From the S.S. Oronsa (1918), with certificate and letter from the salvager. Estimate: $700-$1,000.182. London, England, sovereign, Edward VII, 1908. KM-805; Sp-3969. 8.0 grams. Lustrous UNC with bagmarks. Estimate: $300-$450.183. London, England, sovereign, Elizabeth II, 1963. KM-908; Sp-4125. 8.0 grams. BU with matte fields (as made). Estimate: $350-$500.

184. London, England, 1/2 sovereign, Victoria (young head), 1877, die 97. KM-735.2; Sp-3860D. 4.0 grams. Lustrous Mint State with minor rim-bruises. Estimate: $400-$600.

185. London, England, 1/2 sovereign, Victoria (old head), 1900. KM-784; Sp-3878. 4.0 grams. Mint State with muted luster, no problems. Estimate: $300-$450.

186. London, England, 1/2 sovereign, George V, 1913. KM-819; Sp-4006. 4.0 grams. Mint State with muted luster, no problems. Estimate: $200-$300.

187. London, England, 1/2 sovereign, George V, 1914. KM-819; Sp-4006. 4.0 grams. Mint State with muted luster, no problems. Estimate: $200-$300.

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Great Britain (South Africa)

189. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.190. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.191. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.192. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.193. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.194. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.195. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.196. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.197. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.198. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.199. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.200. Lot of 4 Haitian proof 1000 gourdes, 1974, error without country name (each 0.3761 oz AGW). KM-118.2. Flawless proofs, bullion coins but worth a premium due to the error. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

188. Pretoria, South Africa (under Great Britain), 1/2 sovereign, George V, 1925-SA. KM-20; Sp-4010. 3.9 grams. Mint State with muted luster, no problems. Estimate: $200-$300.

Haiti

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Honduras

206. Japan, 1 koban (1 ryo), Genbun era (1736-1818). KM-C22; Fr-13. 13.1 grams. Typically thin but nicely unwrinkled, with rectangular stamps (just like the popular 2 shu and 2 bu “samurai” coins that are available in quantity) and quarter-circle stamps on top, and smaller punches on back, XF with good toning here and there, no holes or damage. Pedigreed to the Pacific Coast Auction Galleries (Gillio) sale of September, 1983, with lot-tag #1982. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

201. Honduras, 1 peso, 1907, ex-Eliasberg, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-56. Better strike than usual (still weak near part of rim), muted luster, choice grade and desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Eliasberg collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

India202. India (Western Ganga, Mysore), “elephant” pagoda, 1080-1138 AD. Fr-699 (under Orissa). 3.9 grams. Caparisoned elephant chewing sugarcane to right / decorative scrollwork. Choice strike (bold and well-centered), also high grade (AU), popular issue. Estimate: $300-$450.

Italian States (Venice)

203. Venice, Italy (crusader imitation from the Greek Isle of Chios under La Maona, mint uncertain), ducat, struck in the name of Tomaso Mocenigo (1413-1422 AD). 3.4 grams. St. Mark standing right, holding Gospels and presenting flag to Doge kneeling left; triple pellets to left of flag / Christ standing facing, raising hand in benediction and holding Gospels, surrounded by elliptical halo containing four stars to left, five to right. Bold XF or better with somewhat grainy surfaces from rusty dies, full details on both sides. Estimate: $125-$200.204. Venice, Italy, zecchino, Ludovico Manin (1789-97). KM-755. 3.4 grams. S. Marco standing right, presenting banner to Doge kneeling left / Christ Pantokrator standing facing within mandorla containing sixteen stars. Nice XF with some luster on mostly smooth fields. Estimate: $350-$500.205. Venice, Italy, zecchino, Ludovico Manin (1789-97). KM-755. 3.1 grams. S. Marco standing right, presenting banner to Doge kneeling left / Christ Pantokrator standing facing within mandorla containing sixteen stars. AXF with smooth fields except for spots of “sweat” (as made), very lightly shaved around edge. Estimate: $300-$450.

Japan

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Laos / Myanmar (?)

210. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VII transitional (“armored bust”), 1809HJ. KM-160; CT-44. 27.0 grams. Lustrous AU with light old scratches in front of face, weak strike in center of reverse, scarce type. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

211. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VII, 1817JJ, encapsulated NGC AU 55. KM-161; CT-57. Choice strike, nice toning and lots of luster for the grade. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

207. Gold “ring money,” supposedly southeast Asian, approx. 400-600 AD. Missing in Opitz. 60.4 grams; 30x27x10mm. A thick, tightly c-shaped ring of decidedly solid gold (not plated) with separately applied “cuffs” at the close-set ends, too heavy to be worn as jewelry but clearly circulated and similar to known money pieces from the “Golden Triangle” area of southeast Asia (Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam), but also similar to various-sized pieces without cuffs attributed to India (gold-plated lead), Japan/Korea (gold-plated copper), Philippines and Indonesia (Flores Island), as well as to ancient Celtic, Greek and even Israelite cultures. We have shown this piece to several top experts, and while they cannot agree on attribution, they unanimously agree on its authenticity and non-modernity. Potentially rare and important, but intrinsically valuable nonetheless. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

Mexico (colonial)Busts

208. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789FM. KM-157; CT-36. 26.9 grams. Lightly cleaned AU- with weak bust as usual, minor rim-bump but no big problems, scarce two-year type. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

209. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV, 1794FM. KM-159; CT-43. 26.9 grams. Nice XF with typically slightly weak centers, lightly cleaned, no big problems. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

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212. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 4 escudos, Charles IV, 1797FM, mounted in 18K(?) pendant-bezel. KM-144; CT-217. 19.5 grams total. Scarce type-coin in only F-VF condition as mounted and worn long ago, the unmarked bezel consisting of a flat inner ring and a twisted-wire outer ring with loop at top. Estimate: $700-$1,000.213. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1 escudo, Phillip V, 1739/6MF (unlisted overdate). KM-unl (113 for type); CT-unl (Type 111). 3.4 grams. Crude AVF with solder-marks and plugged hole at top as from jewelry mounting, dark sediment around details, but with clear overdate that is unlisted and could be of interest to Mexican specialists. Estimate: $150-$225.

217. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1724, from the Akerendam (1725), encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-7.4. Choice grade but knight’s head flat, nice butter-yellow color. From the Akerendam (1725), as stated inside the slab. Estimate: $800-$1,200.218. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1724, from the Akerendam (1725), encapsulated NGC MS 62. KM-7.4. Lustrous and choice, with full but crude knight’s head and reverse. From the Akerendam (1725). Estimate: $700-$1,000.219. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1724, from the Akerendam (1725). KM-7.4. Lustrous Mint State with knight’s head flat as usual, neat box from old promotion. From the Akerendam (1725), in printed box and with original certificate (hand-signed by the original promoter). Estimate: $700-$1,000.

Mexico (Republic)

214. Guanajuato, Mexico, 8 escudos, 1844-PM. KM-383.7. 25.0 grams. Lightly polished XF+ with fine old scratches. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.215. Contemporary counterfeit of a Mexico City, Mexico, 1/2 escudo, 1846?(??). 1.5 grams. Crudely struck (especially the rims) but no worse than XF and clearly circulated, just with slightly incorrect details. Estimate: $150-$225.216. Zacatecas, Mexico, 1 peso, 1872. KM-410.6. 1.7 grams. Decent AU with faint luster and toning, struck slightly off-center with the flan extending beyond the design. Estimate: $200-$300.

Netherlands (United)

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220. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1724, from the Akerendam (1725). KM-7.4. 3.5 grams. Fully detailed knight’s head, slightly off-center obverse, high grade but fields slightly rough (as made) in places, light toning and luster. From the Akerendam (1725). Estimate: $600-$900.221. Holland, United Netherlands, ducat, 1729, choice Mint State as from the Vliegenthart (1735). KM-12.2. 3.5 grams. Typically perfect details and smooth, lustrous fields, spots of faint toning. From the Vliegenthart (1735). Estimate: $900-$1,350.

Peru (colonial)Busts

222. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1729, from the Vliegenthart (1735), encapsulated NGC MS 62. KM-7.4. Bold but slightly off-center strike with crude knight’s head, nicely lustrous (choice grade), butter-yellow color. From the Vliegenthart (1735). Estimate: $700-$1,000.223. Utrecht, United Netherlands, ducat, 1729, from the Vliegenthart (1735), encapsulated ANACS MS 62. KM-7.4. Full details (including knight’s head), choice grade with luster and spots of toning. From the Vliegenthart (1735), with two certificates. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

224. Holland, Netherlands, 14 gulden, 1750. KM-97. 9.8 grams. Bold XF details but cleaned and with evidence on rims of former jewelry mounting. Estimate: $400-$600.

225. Lima, Peru, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1752J. KM-50; CT-19. 27.0 grams. Well-struck AU- with attractive toning all over, no problems except for a natural flaw on reverse rim, scarcest date of a 3-year type. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

226. Lima, Peru, bust 8 escudos, Ferdinand VI, 1758JM. KM-59.2; CT-27. 26.7 grams. Red-toned XF with solder-spots and slightly rough fields as from jewelry mounting, scarce 4-year type. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

227. Lima, Peru, bust 8 escudos, Charles IV, 1796IJ, ex-Holmes collection, encapsulated NGC XF details / sea salvaged, from the San Pedro de Alcántara (1815). CT-14. Technically UNC but with matte surfaces from saltwater exposure, luster around details, no damage otherwise, very rare provenance and desirable pedigree. While much is written about the ship, so far there have been no reports of successful salvages; but it is widely believed that at least some of her 1 million pesos in gold specie was scattered around Coche Island when she exploded and sank there in on April 25, 1815 (not to be confused with another vessel of the same name sunk off Portugal in 1786). From the San Pedro de Alcántara (1815), and pedigreed to the Dan Holmes collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

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Peru (Republic)

231. Lisbon, Portugal, peça, José I, 1766. KM-240. 14.4 grams. Lightly cleaned AU- with adjustment marks on both sides, lustrous and sharp. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

232. Lisbon, Portugal, peça, Maria I and Pedro III, 1779. KM-271. 14.2 grams. Lightly toned XF, no problems. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

228. Lima, Peru, 8 escudos, 1854MB. KM-148.4. 27.0 grams. Problem-free VF+ with faint toning around details, 3-year type. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

229. Lima, Peru, 8 escudos, 1855MB. KM-148.5. 27.0 grams. Lustrous AU with slightly crude details as usual, no problems. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

Philippines (under Spain)

230. Philippines (under Spain), 4 pesos, 1862. KM-144. 6.8 grams. Bold XF, lightly cleaned, butter-yellow color. Estimate: $500-$750.

Portugal

233. Lisbon, Portugal, 1000 reis, João V, 1712. KM-182. 2.3

grams. Problem-free XF, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $400-$600.

234. Lisbon, Portugal, 1000 reis, João V, 1714. KM-182. 2.6 grams. XF with slight rim-bend above crown, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $400-$600.

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235. Lisbon, Portugal, 1000 reis, João V, 1720. KM-182. 2.6 grams. XF+ with dark sediment around details (salvaged?), particularly nice rims, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $400-$600.

236. Lisbon, Portugal, 1000 reis, João V, 1721. KM-182. 2.4 grams.

VF/XF, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $400-$600.

237. Lisbon, Portugal, 1000 reis, João V, 1722. KM-182. 2.7 grams.

Choice XF/AU with luster, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $400-$600.

238. Lisbon, Portugal, 1000 reis, João V, 1741. KM-182. 2.2 grams.

Bold XF, thinner than usual, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $400-$600.

239. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1719. KM-201. 1.1 grams.

Lustrous AU-, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

240. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1723. KM-201. 1.0 gram. AU with fine encrustation and toning (salvaged?), popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

241. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1725. KM-201. 1.0 gram.

Slightly low-relief XF, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

242. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1726. KM-201. 1.1 grams. Lustrous AU but with plugged hole at top and minor rim-damage, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $200-$300.

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243. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1728. KM-201. 1.1 grams.

Bold and problem-free AU, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

244. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1729. KM-201. 1.1 grams.

Bold XF+, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

245. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1730. KM-201. 1.0 gram.

Slightly low-relief XF, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

246. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1734. KM-201. 1.0 gram. XF with contrasting toning all over, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

247. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1736. KM-201. 1.0 gram. Bold XF+, slightly crude rims (as made), popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

248. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1738. KM-201. 1.0 gram. Bold XF+, lightly cleaned but retoned, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

249. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1739. KM-201. 1.0 gram. Lustrous XF+, no problems, popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

250. Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis, João V, 1748. KM-201. 1.1 grams. Lustrous AU with crude rims (as made), popular for jewelry. Estimate: $250-$375.

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72

Russia

Spain (Visigoths)

251. Lot of 2 Russia gold coins of 1897: 15 roubles and 7-1/2 roubles. KM-Y65.1 and Y63. 19.3 grams total. Each XF-AU with some bagmarks. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

252. Visigoths (Spain), sisebuto tremisis, Ispalis mint, 612-621 AD. Cayón-191. 1.4 grams. Bold AU with lustrous fields, hint of toning around details. Estimate: $400-$600.

Spain (Castile and León)

253. Seville, Spain (Castile and León), dobla de la banda, Juan II (1406-1474), mintmark S at top of cross, early type (broad, thin flan). Cayón-1515. 4.5 grams. Full flan with complete details, a few old marks and with bumpy fields from strike-through enhanced by deep purple toning (very interesting color). Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Please visit our website atwww.SedwickCoins.com or watch and bid LIVE at www.auction.sedwickcoins.com

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73

SpainFerdinand-Isabel

Milled256. Seville, Spain, 8 escudos, Philip V, 1704P. CT-162; KM-260. 26.7 grams. Bold XF with grainy surfaces, small rubs on edge as ex-jewelry, slightly out-of-round as made. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

254. Seville, Spain, double excelente, Ferdinand-Isabel, S and 3 dots above 8-point star between busts, encapsulated NGC XF details / surface hairlines. CT-72. Bold full legends and good inner details except for a couple weak spots, nice yellow color, no more surface marks than should be expected for the grade and era. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.255. Seville, Spain, double excelente, Ferdinand-Isabel, 8-point star and 4 dots at top, mintmark S and 2 dots at bottom between busts. CT-69. 7.1 grams. Bold AU or so, with full inner details and much legend but clearly with tangential piece broken off and soldered back on. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

Busts

257. Madrid, Spain, bust 4 escudos, Charles IV, 1795MF. KM-436.1; CT-204. 13.5 grams. Rainbow-toned XF with natural flaw to right of shield, hint of luster, rather nice for the grade. Estimate: $700-$1,000.258. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1788M. KM-435.1; CT-459. 6.8 grams.

Problem-free XF with hint of toning in legends. Estimate: $400-$600.259. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles III, 1788M. KM-435.1; CT-459. 6.6 grams.

Problem-free VF with hint of toning. Estimate: $350-$500.260. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles IV, 1793MF. KM-435.1; CT-326. 6.6 grams.

Problem-free VF with contrasting sediment around details. Estimate: $350-$500.261. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles IV, 1794MF. KM-435.1; CT-330. 6.6 grams. AXF with nice toning and faint luster. Estimate: $350-$500.

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262. Contemporary counterfeit in gilt platinum of a Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles IV, 1801FM, very rare. 6.5 grams. Bold AU, clearly circulated, with slightly inaccurate design details, nicely toned, with exposed area of platinum (which was not valuable when this piece was struck) to left of shield. Estimate: $800-$1,200.263. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 escudos, Charles IV, 1806FA. KM-435.1; CT-349. 6.8 grams. Lustrous UNC with faint hairlines on obverse. Estimate: $500-$750.

264. Madrid, Spain, bust 1 escudo, Charles III, 1785DV. KM-416.1; CT-627. 3.3 grams. Problem-free XF/AU, much better than the typical specimen. Estimate: $250-$375.

265. Madrid, Spain, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1791MF. KM-434; CT-490. 3.3 grams. Lustrous UNC with faint hairlines on obverse. Estimate: $250-$375.

266. Madrid, Spain, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1792MF. KM-434; CT-491. 3.3 grams. Butter-yellow AXF, ex-jewelry. Estimate: $200-$300.

267. Madrid, Spain, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1792MF. KM-434; CT-491. 3.3 grams. Natural AXF with dark sediment around details. Estimate: $200-$300.

268. Madrid, Spain, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1793MF. KM-434; CT-492. 3.3 grams. Problem-free VF+ with slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $200-$300.

269. Madrid, Spain, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1798MF. KM-434; CT-497. 3.3 grams. Bold AXF with hint of luster, toned around details. Estimate: $200-$300.

270. Madrid, Spain, bust 1 escudo, Charles IV, 1799MF. KM-434; CT-498. 3.3 grams. Problem-free VF. Estimate: $200-$300.

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271. Seville, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Philip V, 1743PJ. KM-361.2; CT-584. 1.7 grams. Bold AXF with very nice toning, no problems. Estimate: $150-$225.

272. Seville, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Philip V (new bust), 1744PJ. KM-361.2; CT-587. 1.8 grams. Nice AXF with hint of luster, no problems. Estimate: $200-$300.

273. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Ferdinand VI, 1747JB. KM-372; CT-242. 1.8 grams. Broad-flan XF with attractive toning and sediment around details. Estimate: $150-$225.

274. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Ferdinand VI, 1754JB. KM-378; CT-251. 1.7 grams. VF+ with a few old dings. Estimate: $125-$200.

275. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Ferdinand VI (new bust), 1756JB. KM-378; CT-254. 1.8 grams. Problem-free XF with contrasting sediment around details. Estimate: $150-$225.

276. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Ferdinand VI, 1756JB. KM-378; CT-254. 1.7 grams. VF/XF with good contrast on reverse, no problems. Estimate: $125-$200.

277. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1773PJ. KM-415.1; CT-767. 1.8 grams. Slightly off-center AU, nice bold strike. Estimate: $250-$375.

278. Madrid, Spain, bust, 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1774PJ. KM-415.1; CT-768. 1.7 grams. Problem-free XF with hint of toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

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279. Madrid, Spain, bust, 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1778PJ. KM-415.1; CT-772. 1.8 grams. AXF with dark, contrasting sediment around details, no problems. Estimate: $150-$225.

280. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1783JD. KM-415.1; CT-774. 1.8 grams. AU- with attractive red toning, adjustment marks on date. Estimate: $200-$300.

281. Madrid, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1786DV. KM-425.1; CT-778. 1.8 grams. Lustrous AU-, no problems. Estimate: $200-$300.

282. Madrid, Spain, bust, 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1786DV. KM-425.1; CT-778. 1.7 grams. AXF with slightly weak rims, faint adjustment marks on reverse. Estimate: $150-$225.

283. Madrid, Spain, bust, 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1786DV. KM-425.1; CT-778. 1.6 grams. Ex-jewelry VF+ with lightly filed edge. Estimate: $100-$150.

284. Seville, Spain, bust 1/2 escudo, Charles III, 1788C, encapsulated NGC VF 20. KM-425.2; CT-808. Bold strike, much contrast from dark sediment around details. Estimate: $200-$300.

Sweden285. Sweden, 20 kronor, Oscar II, 1889. KM-748. 9.0 grams. Choice, prooflike Mint State, no problems. Estimate: $600-$900.

Switzerland286. Switzerland, 20 francs, 1913-B. KM-35.1. 6.4 grams. Frosty Mint State, almost prooflike, no problems. Estimate: $400-$600.

Turkey

287. Turkey (Fes mint), benouki, 1251 AD. Album-633. 3.4 grams. Appears to be VF or so, crudely (unevenly) struck. Estimate: $200-$300.

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United States of America

289. USA (Philadelphia mint), $20 St. Gaudens, 1924. KM-131. 33.5 grams. Lustrous UNC with almost imperceptible marks and rubs. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.290. USA (Philadelphia mint), $2-1/2 Indian head, 1910, with color enameling on obverse. KM-128. 4.2 grams. XF or so, brightly polished and graced with glossy red, blue, green and orange paint on the Indian head. Estimate: $200-$300.

288. USA (San Francisco mint), $20 Liberty, 1857-S, encapsulated PCGS AU55 / S.S. Central America / 20F No Serif, Right S, from the S.S. Central America (1857). KM-74.1. Technically UNC but lightly bagmarked, with elegant rose toning against lustrous fields, very attractive for shipwreck gold. From the S.S. Central America (1857), as stated in the slab. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

292. Lot of 2 Venezuela gold coins: (20 bolívares), 1911; and (10 bolívares), 1930. KM-Y32 and Y31. 9.6 grams total. Both decent AU with luster and faint toning, the denominations inferred from weights stated in the legends. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

Uruguay

291. Uruguay (struck in Paris), 5 pesos, 1930, Artigas centennial, encapsulated NGC MS 64. KM-27. Choice grade (practically flawless, in any case above the vast majority of MS coins in the NGC census), low mintage of 14,415 coins. Estimate: $400-$600.

Venezuela

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81

Shipwreck IngotsGold

“Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean

293. Gold “finger” bar, 515 grams, marked with fineness XIV+ (19K+), from the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550). 6-1/2” x 7/8” x 1/2”. Long, straight bar with one end partially jaggedly cut (the other naturally round), marked on the rounded bottom with fineness three times, in every case covered with abundant coral that obscures boxes of an unclear amount of dots (each one being an additional 1/4K), the flatter topside with a few sunken pits but otherwise smooth and dotted with red spots, a typical specimen from this wreck, whose ingots were once plentiful but have mostly disappeared with the rise in gold value. From the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1528), with Sedwick photo-certificate. Estimate: $25,000-up.

Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida294. Complete Colombian gold bar #50, 2552 grams, marked with foundry/assayer SARGOSA / PECARTA and fineness XXII (22K), from the Atocha (1622). 11-1/2” x 1-1/8” x 7/8”. This is the largest gold bar we have ever handled from the Atocha, and it is probably the largest bar recovered from that wreck, with over 5 pounds of gold concentrated into a long, slightly curved “banana” with flat top and bottom and sloping sides, rounded ends, all but the top somewhat roughly cast, enabling spots of coral to adhere, the top with markings of fineness five times, rectangular foundry/assayer cartouche (weak in center, stronger on sides) and no less than eight partial (circular, dot-bordered) tax stamps, one end with jagged but essentially cylindrical “bite” where the assayer sampled the gold. The SARGOSA / PECARTA cartouche refers to the gold mine (foundry) at Zaragoza, Colombia, and an assayer (or similar official) whose exact name has not been determined (the letters of which were monogrammed together to make “PECARTA”). Zaragoza, on the shores of the Río Nechí in the province of Antioquia, was home to one of the most prolific gold mines in the early 1600s, producing some 20 million pesos of gold from 1590 to 1645, and was represented by a caja real (royal treasury office) since 1582. It will be hard to find a more impressive artifact from the Atocha, and certainly this is the most intrinsically valuable! It also has an important pedigree, once owned by the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. From the Atocha (1622), with photo-certificate #85A-GB050, and pedigreed to the Ed Little collection. Estimate: $125,000-$200,000.

295. Complete Colombian gold bar #42, 1098 grams, marked with foundry/assayer SARGOSA / PECARTA and fineness XXI (21K), from the Atocha (1622). 11” x 1” x 1/2”. Impressively long and uncut, but about half the thickness of the last lot, with flat top and bottom, sloping sides, somewhat rough texture except for the top, which is marked with fineness five times, rectangular foundry/assayer cartouche (weak in center, stronger on sides) and TEN partial (circular, dot-bordered) tax stamps, crude cylindrical assayer’s bites at both ends, small spots of coral in just two places. The SARGOSA / PECARTA cartouche refers to the gold mine (foundry) at Zaragoza, Colombia, and an assayer (or similar official) whose exact name has not been determined (the letters of which were monogrammed together to make “PECARTA”). Zaragoza, on the shores of the Río Nechí in the province of Antioquia, was home to one of the most prolific gold mines in the early 1600s, producing some 20 million pesos of gold from 1590 to 1645, and was represented by a caja real (royal treasury office) since 1582. From the Atocha (1622), with Fisher photo-certificate #042. Estimate: $60,000-$90,000.

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Santa Margarita, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida

296. Small, coin-like cut piece of a gold “finger” bar, 28.5 grams, marked with fineness XXI and three dots (21-3/4K), from the Santa Margarita (1622). 3/4” x 1/2” x 1/4”. The importance of this little piece cannot be understated, for it is of the correct fineness and very close to the weight of an 8 escudos, made just before any gold cobs (let alone 8E) were struck in the New World and therefore should be considered among the first gold “coins” made in the New World. This piece is clear proof as to why “finger” bars were made with their finenesses stamped several times down their lengths: so that they could be cut down to coin-sized pieces like this one, with the fineness there for everyone to see! This piece was therefore tradable at the value of an 8E without the need for testing and weighing. The technical term for gold “pre-coins” such as this one was “oro corriente,” and their existence was much discussed in documents of the time, as without tax stamps it could not be proven that they had been subjected to the king’s “quinto” (20% tax). This piece is more or less rectangular, with very sharply cut ends, one of which shows an angled secondary cut, the bottoms of the cuts quite sharp. While coin-like gold pieces are better known from earlier wrecks like “Tumbaga” (ca. 1528) and “Golden Fleece” (ca. 1550), this one is quite rare as being from the Santa Margarita. Also note the important pedigree, as once owned by the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. From the Santa Margarita (1622), with certificate #96-M-80, and pedigreed to the Ed Little collection. Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

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“Tumbaga wreck,” sunk ca. 1528 off Grand Bahama Island

297. Large “tumbaga” silver “torta” (oval patty) #M-158, 23 lb av, marked with assayer/owner B~Vo, R C and two finenesses (two assays). 13-1/2” x 10” x 1-1/2”. Among the largest “tumbaga” ingots, this massive mound of silver is also one of the most interesting, with most of the flat(tish) top showing unmelted areas—you can almost see the native artifacts that went into it! The rounded bottom is smoother (but still somewhat rough), with two separate groups of markings, indicating two assays, one represented by assayer B~Vo, serial number R C and fineness iVccc (1400/2400 = 58.3% fine) and the other by a simple IVII (1200/2400 = 50% fine) with x-shapes above and below, also with three circular tax stamps showing most of the castle inside close by. Only one assayer’s bite (triangular) is noticeable near one end, but other parts of the edge show broken parts that could represent a second assay. The bar is a nice pewter-gray color all over and “rings” nicely when rapped near one end, despite the stated low fineness. It is hard to find an ingot with more character! From the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), with Sedwick photo-certificate. Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.298. Long, thin, flat “tumbaga” silver bar #1161, 3 lb 1 oz av, marked with assayer/owner B~Vo, serial RC and fineness, rare as uncleaned. 13” x 2-3/4” x 3/8”. Before Douglas Armstrong was hired to conserve the bulk of the “tumbaga” bars from this wreck, a handful were taken to the University of Michigan’s Dr. Adon A. Gordus for chemical analysis, which proved the bars were silver but showed skewed results due to the fact that the bars had not been cleaned yet. Those bars were then sold in the Christie’s (London) auction of 1993, still uncleaned, and disappeared to the four corners of the earth (which is why they are not in Armstrong’s book). The present lot is one of those bars sold in 1993, a very thin bar with frosty green encrustation gracing dark, almost copper surfaces, the clear markings all on one side, including fineness IUCCCCxx (1420/2400 = 59.2% fine) with a little S extending diagonally (first time we’ve seen that), partial round tax stamps at either end, with one corner cut away for the assayer’s “bite.” From the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), and pedigreed to the Christie’s (London) auction of April 28, 1993, with original lot-tag #275 and with original Gordus assay report from 1993. Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.299. Small, thick, brick-like “tumbaga” silver bar #1128, marked with assayer/owner B~Vo, serial RCxxx and fineness, rare as uncleaned. 6-3/4” x 3” x 1”. Like the last lot, this bar was among a handful that were sold at auction prior to cleaning, although this one is not so dark and coppery, just has some spots of coral encrustation on the top, the bottom more or less smooth and showing all the markings, boldly impressed but a little smoothed over, the serial number and B~Vo above the fineness 9cccxxx (830/2400 = 34.6% fine), which is rather low for such a visibly silver-looking bar. The assayer’s “bite” appears on a top corner, as is typical for this somewhat standard shape among the “tumbaga” bars. Curiously to the right of the fineness is a rubbed-out spot that appears to have been a previous fineness marking in an earlier style, indication of re-assaying that is known to have occurred on many of these bars. From the “Tumbaga wreck” (ca. 1528), and pedigreed to the Christie’s (London) auction of April 28, 1993, with original lot-tag #272 and with original Gordus assay report from 1993. Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

Silver

84

Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida

300. Large silver ingot #777, 76 lb 10.88 oz troy, Class Factor 1.0, dated 1621, fineness 2380/2400, from the Atocha (1622). Approx. 13-1/2” x 5” x 3”. A typical “loaf ” of silver from the Atocha, except for the fact that the markings are clear enough to merit the top grade of Class Factor 1.0, which means even the date (typically the weakest mark) is visible, in this case just to the left of the manifest number IIUDCCCLXXVII, with the fineness IIUCCCLXXX and assayer cartouche somewhat weaker, as are also three circular tax stamps, but the owner/shipper monograms AL and qS or Sb (J. de Andrada and A. de Villalpando) are quite bold, and so are the silvermaster marks V (de Vreder) and B (name unknown) at the ends. The assayer’s “bite” is a peanut-shaped “double-scoop” in the center, as on all Potosí bars. Minimal corrosion overall, with tiny bits of charcoal embedded in one side. Also important as among the items divided to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. From the Atocha (1622), with certificate #85A-S777, and pedigreed to the Ed Little collection. Estimate: $25,000-$35,000.

Spanish 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida

301. Tiny silver “wedge” ingot (contraband) from the 1715 Fleet, 288 grams. Approx. 2” x 1” x 1-1/2”. Pie-shaped contraband ingots, which supposedly were made thus to fit together in a circular container, like the false bottom of a barrel, are not rare (in fact, one name for the site that probably yielded this piece is “wedge wreck”) but are typically much larger than this specimen, which is very neatly formed (smooth surfaces) and (by definition) devoid of any markings or proof of assay, with three drips or plugs on what is either the top or the bottom. From the 1715 Fleet, with photo-certificate. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

Any questions? Please email usat info@sedwickcoins.com

or call (407) 975-3325

Want to see your collection sold like this? Consign to our Treasure and World Coin

Auction #13 (sping, 2013).

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(use the bid sheet at the end of thiscatalog for fax or mail bids)

85

Spanish 1733 Fleet, Florida Keys

302. Silver “wedge” ingot (contraband) with encrustation, 815 grams, from the 1733 Fleet. Approx. 6” x 3-1/2” x 3”. A very heavily encrusted orange-and-white chunk that at first appears to be just another rusty “EO” (diver parlance for Encrusted Object), but some scraping on the bottom has revealed that inside is a triangle of darkened silver, in consideration of which the whole thing actually feels a bit light, but in fact this is typical of most wedges, which appear to have been not solid silver but silver amalgam, as they were appropriated from the mine before refining was done (there is even some evidence that the machinery used to create the amalgam was wedge-shaped). From the 1733 Fleet. Estimate: $600-$900.303. Silver “wedge” ingot (contraband) with encrustation, 785 grams, from the 1733 Fleet. Approx. 4” x 3” x 2”. A perfectly triangular, thick chunk of silver (probably amalgam, like the previous lot), with a few areas of thick, white and orange encrustation, otherwise black as usual. From the 1733 Fleet. Estimate: $600-$900.304. Silver “wedge” ingot (contraband) with encrustation, 776 grams, from the 1733 Fleet. Approx. 4” x 3” x 2”. Partially cleaned (much silver color) and neatly cast, probably amalgam (see previous lots), with attractive patches of white and orange encrustation. From the 1733 Fleet. Estimate: $600-$900.

CopperAtocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida305. Large copper ingot #3141 from the Atocha (1622), heavily encrusted, 32 lb troy. Approx. 12” x 8” x 4”. A typically crude mound of pure copper (probably mined in Cuba), with an attractive crust of greenish-white encrustation on the flat side (otherwise brown), great conversation piece. From the Atocha (1622), with Fisher photo-certificate #85A-314101 and original 1987 division letter and computer print-out to receiving investor. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

86

Shipwreck Silver Coins

308. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P (small) to right, mintmark M to left, rare. N-26a for type; S-M4; CT-75. 11.8 grams. Latin oMo-oPo on shield side, with lozenges in legend, ending in RE; pillars side with right-leaning rhomboid panel with PLVS behind pillars, double annulets in left and right side of rhomboid, annulets in corners, mascles in legend, legend ending in R and cross potent. Full and bold pillars and motto, the shield weaker but also full, most of legends, lightly corroded all over. Estimate: $350-$500.

309. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to right, mintmark M to left, king’s name as CHAROLVS. N-50; S-M5; CT-unl (60 for type). 13.6 grams. Choice, corrosion-free specimen with full legends and inner details on both sides (the flan actually extending beyond the strike), XF or better for wear but not much contrast. Estimate: $400-$600.

Egyptian galley wreck of ca. 88 B.C. off the coast of ancient Phoenicia

306. Ptolemaic Kings of Egypt, AR tetradrachm, Cleopatra III and Ptolemy IX Soter II (Lathyros), 116-107 BC, Paphos mint, dated RY 2 (116/5 BC) Svoronos 1660; Paphos Hoard 246-322. 13.2 grams. Diademed head of Ptolemy I right, wearing aegis around neck / Eagle looking left standing on thunderbolt; L B (date) to left, PA to right. Choice specimen from this unidentified wreck, with dark toning and no visible corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

307. Ptolemaic Kings of Egypt, AR tetradrachm, Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos (Auletes), 80-58 BC, Paphos mint, dated RY 1 (81/0 BC). Svoronos 1734; SNG Copenhagen 376. 13.9 grams. Diademed head of Ptolemy I right, wearing aegis around neck / Eagle looking left standing on thunderbolt; L A (date) to left, PA to right. Full and well-detailed head with patch of encrustation, the eagle with a little corrosion but overall pretty decent for salvage. Ptolemy XII was a weak ruler, nicknamed Auletes (flute player) derogatorily; his daughter, who succeeded him as Cleopatra VII, however, became famous as the last Ptolemaic ruler of Egypt. Estimate: $125-$200.

“Golden Fleece wreck,” sunk ca. 1550 in the northern Caribbean

310. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to right, mintmark M to left, king’s name as CHAROLVS. N-50; S-M5; CT-unl (60 for type). 13.1 grams. Full legends and inner details, all darkly toned with some light corrosion, the pillars oddly tilted toward each other slightly (engraved that way on the die). Estimate: $300-$450.

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311. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to right, mintmark M to left. N-50e; S-M5a; CT-81. 13.3 grams. Sharp details and choice contrast, full inner details and nearly full legends, light corrosion only. Estimate: $350-$500.

312. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to right, mintmark M to left. N-50e; S-M5a; CT-81. 12.2 grams. Full inner details (the pillars particularly sharp) and most of legends, darkly toned (good contrast), with corrosion only on part of edge. With Sedwick certificate from 2005. Estimate: $300-$450.

Spanish 1554 Fleet off Padre Island, Texas

313. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P to right, mintmark M to left. N-25; S-M4; CT-123. 3.4 grams. Latin oMo-oPo, lozenges in legend on shield side; pillars side with left-leaning rhomboid panel with PLVS behind pillars, single annulet in left and right side of rhomboid, annulets in corners, lozenges in legend. Bold legends but somewhat weaker inner details (still full), toned but moderately corroded all over. Estimate: $250-$375.314. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to left, mintmark M to right. N-94 for type; S-M10; CT-86. 11.5 grams. Good full pillars and shield despite pitting and corrosion all over, the legends nearly full too, mostly darkly toned. Estimate: $200-$300.315. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to right, mintmark M to left. N-49 for type; S-M5a; CT-112. 6.6 grams. Decent pillars side with bold legends, the shield side very worn and corroded, very dark all over, the typically rusty color from this wreck. Estimate: $150-$225.

316. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to left, mintmark M to right. N-45 for type; S-M5a; CT-111. 4.5 grams. Thin from corrosion but with full legends and inner details, dark rust stains all over, as is typical for this wreck. With Sedwick photo-certificate from 2008. Estimate: $150-$225.

317. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to left, mintmark M to right. N-81 type; S-M9; CT-114. 4.4 grams. Thin from corrosion but still with full inner details and nearly full legends, typically rusty and dark, as completely uncleaned. Estimate: $100-$150.

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Unidentified ca.-1590 wreck off the Yucatán peninsula of Mexico

319. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayers O or F (where visible). KM-36. 66.5 grams total. Nice specimens with good full shields and crosses, most with clear mintmarks and assayers, minimal to light surface corrosion only, some silvery but most with toning on fields. Estimate: $500-$750.

318. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer not visible. KM-36. 12.6 grams. Full and bold shield, full but weaker cross due to corrosion, somewhat silvery but solid. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of October, 1992, with original lot-tag #735. Estimate: $125-$200.

320. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayers O or F (where visible). KM-36. 65.3 grams total. Nice specimens with good full shields and crosses, most with clear mintmarks and assayers, minimal to light surface corrosion only, some silvery but most with toning on fields. Estimate: $500-$750.

321. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayers O or F (where visible). KM-36. 66.6 grams total. Nice specimens with good full shields and crosses, most with clear mintmarks and assayers, minimal to light surface corrosion only, some silvery but most with toning on fields. Estimate: $500-$750.

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322. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayers O or F (where visible). KM-36. 64.5 grams total. Nice specimens with good full shields and crosses, most with clear mintmarks and assayers, minimal to light surface corrosion only, some silvery but most with toning on fields. Estimate: $500-$750.

323. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayers O or F (where visible). KM-36. 65.4 grams total. Nice specimens with good full shields and crosses, most with clear mintmarks and assayers, minimal to light surface corrosion only, some silvery but most with toning on fields. Estimate: $500-$750.

324. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayers O or F (where visible). KM-36. 66.7 grams total. Nice specimens with good full shields and crosses, most with clear mintmarks and assayers, minimal to light surface corrosion only, some silvery but most with toning on fields. Estimate: $500-$750.

325. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (4th period). S-P12; KM-5.1. 18.7 grams. Bold P-B, nice full shield and nearly full cross despite significant pieces of the edge lost to corrosion, which is typical for this wreck. With Sedwick certificate from 2006. Estimate: $150-$225.

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“Rill Cove wreck,” sunk ca. 1618 off Cornwall, England

329. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer F. 19.1 grams. Bold (o)MF to left of weak but full shield, nice full cross, crude peripheries, darkly toned, light corrosion. Estimate: $125-$200.

330. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer F. 20.3 grams. Choice full cross, bold full shield and oMF and 8, lightly corroded all over but with nicely contrasting toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

331. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer F, choice. 12.2 grams. Excellent full cross and bold full shield, full oMF, not as round as most, minimal corrosion and nicely toned. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $125-$200.

326. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip II or III, assayer F. 23.7 grams. Choice full cross, good full shield, crude peripheries, nicely toned, light corrosion only. With generic certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

327. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer F. 24.1 grams. Choice full shield with clear oMF, king’s ordinal III in legend, the cross rather nice and full as well, solid and attractively toned despite very light corrosion. With two certificates. Estimate: $200-$300.

328. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer F. 15.4 grams. Gorgeous full cross-lions-castles despite moderate corrosion, the shield also full, some toning. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

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91

San Martín, sunk in 1618 off the east coast of Florida

332. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-8 (flat top) to left, *-oD to right. S-L4; KM-14; CT-147. 19.6 grams. Formerly known as the “Green Cabin wreck” directly off Disney’s Vero Beach resort, this wreck yielded mostly small quantities of generally low-grade coins, and while the present coin is corroded, it still shows clear details all over (in fact making it one of the best examples from this wreck), including full shield and crown and cross, P-8 and *-oD, and most of the legends, the fields lightly toned. With Tony Jaggers photo-certificate. Estimate: $300-$450.333. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), scarce provenance. S-P14. 11.6 grams. Typically thin from corrosion and rather worn but with shield and P-B still full and bold, lightly toned all over. With Sedwick certificate from 2003. Estimate: $125-$200.334. Lot of 3 silver cobs: two Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1R, Philip II and III, dates and assayers not visible; and one Potosí, Bolivia, 4R, Philip II or III, assayer not visible; scarce provenance. 10.5 grams total. Typical condition for this wreck, the two 1R still with full shields and crosses and the 4R with pieces of edge missing but with nearly full shield and cross and toned. With Fisher certificates #21451, 23172 and 23196. Estimate: $200-$300.

Warwick, sunk in 1619 off Bermuda

335. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, ex-Mendel Peterson collection. 17.8 grams. Barely identifiable (nearly full shield, heavily pitted cross, toned from decades in a paper envelope) but important as one of very few coins to hit the market from this wreck, made possible only by virtue of the fact that the former Smithsonian curator (now deceased) collaborated with Teddy Tucker to find and salvage this wreck in 1969, and his collection was dispersed after his death, else this coin would reside permanently in Bermuda with the rest of the finds! Pedigreed to the Mendel Peterson, with special printed tag stating the pedigree. Estimate: $150-$225.

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92

Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida

338. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, Grade 2, with Edward J. Little signature on certificate. 10.0 grams. Interestingly rectangular flan, typically silvery, with full shield and cross despite moderate corrosion, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificate #137984, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

339. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, (161)1F, Grade 1, rare. S-M17; KM-32.2; CT-345. 6.6 grams. Full oMF and bold final digit of date, good full cross and shield, interesting shape, no corrosion. With Fisher certificate #211170. Estimate: $600-$900.

Mexico

336. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, Grade-2 quality but Grade 3 on certificate. 26.6 grams. Solid coin with surface corrosion only on shield side, but also much flatness, still with full shield and cross, clear oM mintmark, deeply toned all over. With Fisher certificate #104899. Estimate: $200-$300.

337. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1622/0(D), Grade 1. S-M18a. 12.9 grams. Clear date (rare thus) and bold mintmark, most of shield and cross despite flatness, minimal corrosion, typically silvery. With Fisher certificate #216466. Estimate: $600-$900.

Lima

340. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Rincón, rare first coinage of South America (very rare from this wreck), Grade 3. S-L1; KM-8. 3.0 grams. Bold full pillars-and-waves with clear REX+NIAR(VM) in legend, but other side too corroded to make out much detail, very thin as a result but nicely toned. With Fisher certificate #176874. Estimate: $500-$750.

341. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-ii to left, P-oD to right, Grade 2. S-L4; KM-9; CT-487. 5.8 grams. Typically sharp details, nice full shield and cross and lots of legend, lightly toned, corroded only on part of edge, popular type. With Fisher certificate #236998. Estimate: $600-$900.

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Potosí 8R

345. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), Grade-1 quality but Grade 2 on the certificate. S-P14. 26.2 grams. Choice full crown above full but off-center shield, bold full cross, some legend, lightly toned, no corrosion. With Fisher certificate #205403. Estimate: $400-$600.

346. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer R (curved leg), Grade 2. S-P15; KM-10; CT-126 . 23.9 grams. Broad flan of uneven thickness, with full shield and cross, lightly toned, corroded on parts of edge only. With Fisher certificate #162358. Estimate: $350-$500.

347. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer Q, Grade 1. S-P17; KM-10; CT-124. 25.6 grams. Full shield and cross, also some crown and legend, clear mintmark-assayer and denomination, silvery, light surface corrosion only. With Fisher certificate #214842. Estimate: $500-$750.

342. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer M, very rare second assayer of mint, Grade 2, with Edward J. Little signature on certificate. S-P2; KM-5.1; CT-141. 19.6 grams. With bold P-M to left of well-detailed full shield, distinctively early full cross-and-tressure on other side, this specimen is the first we have ever seen outside the Research Collection and is only slightly less rare than the first issue of the mint under assayer Rincón, with moderate surface corrosion all over but attractively toned, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificate #188862, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

343. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period), Grade 1. S-P10; KM-5.1. 25.8 grams. Thick and solid specimen with full and uncorroded cross, excellent full shield, nearly full legends, very silvery and with light corrosion near edge only. With Fisher certificate #96A-19253. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

344. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), Grade-1 quality but Grade 2 on the certificate. S-P14. 26.4 grams. Totally uncorroded but typically silvery, with full shield and cross, much legend for the period. With Fisher certificate #206600. Estimate: $400-$600.

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94

348. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer Q, Grade-1 quality but no Grade on certificate. S-P17; KM-10; CT-124. 26.7 grams. No corrosion at all, with bold P-Q to left of full shield, full cross, some legend, typically uneven thickness with flat spots, lightly toned. With Fisher certificate #196513 (tag missing). Estimate: $400-$600.

349. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer Q, Grade 2. S-P17; KM-10; CT-124. 21.3 grams. Bold assayer, full cross and shield, with light surface corrosion and small part of edge corroded away. With Fisher certificate #114868 (tag missing). Estimate: $250-$375.

350. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer M/Q, Grade 2. S-P18; KM-10. 23.6 grams. Full P-M/Q (clear over-assayer), bold full cross, nearly full shield, corroded around edge, good toning. With Fisher certificate #142237. Estimate: $350-$500.

351. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer M, Grade 1. S-P18; KM-10; CT-123. 24.8 grams. Bold P-•-M and denomination oVIII, full shield and cross (the latter off-center), unevenly thick but no corrosion, toned. With Fisher certificate #262168. Estimate: $500-$750.

352. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer M, Grade 3 (Grade-2 quality). S-P18; KM-10; CT-123. 24.6 grams. Bold assayer with • above, good full cross, full but corroded shield and crown, typically silvery. With Fisher certificate #96A-14094. Estimate: $200-$300.

353. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)17(M), unlisted variety with legend as (ANO) D 17, Grade 1. S-P19; KM-10; CT-129. 26.5 grams. Choice full cross-and-tressure with bold date (a variety we have not seen before), full but weaker shield, no corrosion (very solid) but typically silvery, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificate #147278, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

354. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1617M, bold date at 7 o’clock, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 1. S-P19; KM-10; CT-129. 23.1 grams. Broad, round flan with choice full cross and full date, full and well-detailed shield with bold assayer to left, some surface corrosion on that side, pedigreed to the Vanguard collection (separately certified). With Fisher certificate #V-715. Estimate: $600-$900.

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355. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 161(7)M, Grade 1. S-P19; KM-10; CT-129. 24.7 grams. Broad flan with full and well-detailed shield and cross, bold (A)NO D 16(17), silvery and lightly corroded. With Fisher certificate #75A-SR1001. Estimate: $500-$750.

356. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)617M, date at 7 o’clock, Grade 2, with Edward J. Little signature on certificate. S-P19; KM-10; CT-129. 23.6 grams. Round and intact flan with surface corrosion only, bold assayer and date, full shield and cross-and-tressure, nicely toned, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificate #190016, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

357. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)617(M), Grade 2. S-P19; KM-10; CT-129. 26.1 grams. Incredibly bold and uncorroded cross-and-tressure with excellent contrast, full 17 of date, the shield side also full but messy from doubling and with a hint of corrosion. With Fisher certificate #155680. Estimate: $400-$600.

358. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)61(8)PAL (rare), choice Grade 1, with Edward J. Little signature on certificate. S-P20; KM-10; CT-130. 27.3 grams. One hundred percent full and bold assayer next to full shield, also full cross-lions-castles, and no corrosion at all (minor flatness only), red toning here and there, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificate #134545, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

359. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1618T/PAL, Grade 1, very rare. S-P21; KM-10; CT-131. 26.2 grams. Full but weak T/PAL to left of full shield, bold bottom half of 1618 date outside full cross-and-tressure, solid and uncorroded. With Fisher certificate #237564. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

360. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)18(T), Grade 2. S-P21; KM-10. 24.1 grams. Excellent full cross with bold date, well-detailed full shield, toned and solid (nice round flan) but with surface corrosion on shield side. With Fisher certificate #156636. Estimate: $400-$600.

361. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1618T, date at 9 o’clock, Grade 2. S-P21; KM-10. 25.4 grams. Broad flan with good full cross and shield, bold king’s ordinal III in legend, clear bottom half of date in unusual position, minimal corrosion. With Fisher certificate #106344. Estimate: $350-$500.

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362. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1618, assayer not visible, Grade 2. KM-10. 21.1 grams. Full and well-detailed shield, full but corroded cross with full 18 of date, toned. With Fisher certificate #203696. Estimate: $400-$600.

363. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 161(8)(T), denomination in three parts (O-V-III), quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 1. S-P21; KM-10. 26.7 grams. Bold full shield with HUGE mintmark to left and curious denomination to right, full but slightly doubled cross-lions-castles with full 161 of date, solid (uncorroded) and deeply toned all over. With Fisher certificate #262680. Estimate: $500-$750.

364. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)619T, Grade 2. S-P21; KM-10. 25.7 grams. Bold full 19 of date, full but corroded shield and cross (the latter slightly doubled). With Fisher certificate #197815. Estimate: $400-$600.

365. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)620T, date at 7 o’clock, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 1. S-P21; KM-10; CT-137. 26.8 grams. Full but crude cross and shield, the latter much smaller than usual (4R size?), with king’s name and ordinal PHYLYPVS III, full 6Z0 (with unusual space between last two digits) in rotated position, no corrosion, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificate #160986, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $750-$1,100.

366. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1620T, very odd shape, Grade 1, with early, hand-signed certificate. S-P21; KM-10; CT-137. 24.6 grams. Strange shape that looks like a big bag with cinched top, nicely toned, with bold date and king’s name and ordinal with backwards P’s, also full crown and full but weak (due to uneven thickness) shield and cross, light surface corrosion only. With photo-certificate #675, hand-signed by Mel Fisher (and others). Estimate: $600-$900.

367. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)620T, date appearing as “6Z00”, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade-1 quality but Grade 2 on the certificate. S-P21; KM-10; CT-137. 26.8 grams. Call this the “ZOO” coin, because the bold date shows the usual sideways-N punch for the 2 followed by two zeroes with no apparent double-striking, bold P+T, mostly toned, the cross and shield full and uncorroded. With Fisher certificate #260631. Estimate: $400-$600.

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97

368. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1620T, Grade-3 quality but Grade 2 on the certificate. S-P21; KM-10; CT-137. 20.9 grams. Bold date and assayer, full shield, full but weak cross, toned but moderately corroded all over. With Fisher certificate #107038. Estimate: $400-$600.

369. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1621(T), quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 2. S-P21; KM-10. 26.7 grams. Bold date, full but slightly crude cross and shield, tiny mintmark P, toned and only minimally corroded. With Fisher certificate #214079. Estimate: $400-$600.

370. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, Grade 1. S-P21; KM-10. 26.4 grams. Choice full shield and cross, full P+T and denomination, no corrosion, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificate #116121, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $600-$900.

371. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, Grade 1. S-P21; KM-10. 25.4 grams. Bold full P+T, full shield and cross, light surface corrosion only but typically very silvery. With Fisher certificate #96A-19441. Estimate: $500-$750.

372. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, Grade-2 quality (25 points), with early hand-signed certificate. S-P21; KM-10. 24.5 grams. Bold full P+T, full shield and denomination, full but weakly struck cross, toned, only very light surface corrosion. With photo-certificate #523, hand-signed by Mel Fisher (and others), tag missing. Estimate: $400-$600.

373. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, Grade 2. S-P21; KM-10. 23.2 grams. Good full cross and shield, bold denomination oVIII, light surface corrosion, lightly toned. With Fisher certificate #136120. Estimate: $300-$450.

374. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer T, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 2. S-P21; KM-10. 26.3 grams. Bold full cross and shield with P+T to left and denomination to right, much legend, nearly corrosion-free, but shaved around edge as formerly mounted in jewelry. With Fisher certificate #148688. Estimate: $200-$300.

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98

375. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, quadrants of cross transposed, Grade 3, certificate missing. KM-10. 21.6 grams. Excellent full shield and denomination (very bold and nicely toned), corroded cross. With Fisher tag #94A-6395. Estimate: $150-$225.

Potosí 8R group lots

376. Lot of 5 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers R, T or not visible, all Grade 1. 121.2 grams total. Good full shields and crosses (two with quadrants transposed), minimal corrosion and decent toning, one with a sticker from the original Christie’s (New York) auction of 1988. With Fisher certificates #117862, 135038, 161572, 211530 and 213401. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

377. Lot of 4 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II and III, assayers B (4th period), Q and M, all Grade 1. 105.8 grams total. Full shields and crosses, minimal corrosion, some nicely toned. With Fisher certificates #161664, 177376, 211392 and 215979. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

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Note: Photos for these group lots may be slightly reduced

378. Lot of 6 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers R, Q, M and T (where visible), all Grade 2. 135.8 grams total. Full shields and crosses, light corrosion here and there. With Fisher certificates #186458, 192375, 214481, 217489, 219061 and 264618. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.379. Lot of 6 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers R, T or not visible, all Grade 2 (one with no Grade on certificate). 134.7 grams total. Full shields and crosses (three with quadrants transposed), mostly lightly corroded, some nicely toned. With Fisher certificates #100055, 135057, 149479, 159800, 173618 and 189460. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.380. Lot of 5 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, various assayers (where visible), all Grade 2. 118.2 grams total. Full shields and crosses (two with quadrants transposed), mostly lightly corroded, some nicely toned. With Fisher certificates #H773, 135008, 217888, 230602 and 267407. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.381. Lot of 5 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, various assayers (where visible), Grades 2 and 3, one missing certificate, the rest with Edward J. Little signatures. 99.2 grams total. Generally decent shields (one with upper half transposed) and crosses, mostly moderately corroded, all pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificates #190308, 190495, 190844 and 193174, plus tag #190548, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.382. Lot of 5 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, various assayers (where visible), all Grade 3. 100.2 grams total. Generally decent shields and crosses, mostly moderately corroded, one with partial date. With Fisher certificates #189184, 190866, 193906, 201936 and 267162. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.383. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers not visible, Grade 4 (some Grade-3 quality. 141.1 grams total. Mostly moderately to heavily corroded but with identifiable shields and crosses. With Fisher certificates #155251, 168160, 168168, 168184, 168192, 168200, 168216, 168232, 228233 and 228234. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.384. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, various assayers (where visible), Grade 4 (some Grade-3 quality. 183.2 grams total. Mostly moderately to heavily corroded but with identifiable shields and crosses (one appears to be Mexico instead of Potosí). With Fisher certificates #168344, 168400, 168408, 168416, 168448, 168472, 168480, 168488, 168495 and 168678. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

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385. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers not visible, Grade 4 (some Grade-3 quality. 141.4 grams total. Mostly moderately to heavily corroded but with identifiable shields and crosses. With Fisher certificates #168684, 168702, 168720, 171232, 222671, 222685, 222713, 222723, 222745 and 222747. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.386. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, various assayers (where visible), Grade 4 (some Grade-3 quality. 127.7 grams total. Mostly moderately to heavily corroded but with identifiable shields and crosses. With Fisher certificates #222756, 228003, 228006, 228043, 228048, 228049, 228056, 228057, 228060 and 228062. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.387. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers not visible, Grade 4 (some Grade-3 quality. 138.9 grams. Mostly moderately to heavily corroded but with identifiable shields and crosses. With Fisher certificates #228078, 228081, 228090, 228092, 228093, 228096, 228097, 228098, 228099 and 228102. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.388. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers not visible, Grade 4 (some Grade-3 quality. 133.5 grams total. Mostly moderately to heavily corroded but with identifiable shields and crosses. With Fisher certificates #228104, 228105, 228106, 228107, 228109, 228110, 228111, 228112, 228113 and 228162. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.389. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, various assayers (where visible), Grade 4 (some Grade-3 quality. 146.5 grams total. Mostly moderately to heavily corroded but with identifiable shields and crosses. With Fisher certificates #228163, 228172, 228175, 228176, 228178, 228182, 228190, 228191, 228198 and 228203. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.390. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers not visible, Grade 4 (some Grade-3 quality. 68.4 grams total. Mostly moderately to heavily corroded but with identifiable shields and crosses. With Fisher certificates #168256, 168304, 168312, 168320 and 168336. Estimate: $600-$900.

Potosí 4R

391. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (1st period, “Lima style”), Grade 2, certificate missing. S-P4; KM-4.2. 12.2 grams. Broad flan with choice full shield and crown and cross, full PHILIPPVS in legend, some light corrosion and flat spots but much nicer than later issues, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher tag #237581, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

392. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer A, Grade 1, certificate missing. S-P11; KM-4.2; CT-346. 12.5 grams. Very choice, uncorroded specimen with full P-A, denomination, shield and cross-lions-castles, nicely toned, one of the best-preserved specimens we have ever seen. With Fisher tag #85A-236885. Estimate: $400-$600.

393. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (4th period), no Grade, Atocha Research Collection coin #221. S-P12; KM-4.2. 9.5 grams. Remarkably sharp full shield and crown, the assayer B to left appearing twice due to doubling (one of the B’s mistaken for a rare assayer C in the Research Collection catalog, hence its placement there), with full but moderately corroded cross-lions-castles on other side. From the Atocha Research Collection, with special photo-certificate #236588. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

394. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer Q, Grade 2. S-P17; KM-9; CT-243. 10.4 grams. Full but off-center cross, full assayer to left of shield, all somewhat weakly struck but not overly corroded. With Fisher certificate #132018. Estimate: $350-$500.

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395. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, Grade 1. KM-9. 12.4 grams. Bold full cross, good full shield, full denomination, minimal corrosion but shaved around edge as formerly mounted in jewelry. With Fisher certificate #151356. Estimate: $400-$600.

Potosí 4R group lots

Potosí 2R

396. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, Grade 3. KM-9. 10.6 grams. Good full shield and cross despite moderate corrosion, good toning, lightly shaved around edge as formerly mounted in jewelry. With Fisher certificate #191586. Estimate: $200-$300.

397. Lot of 4 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayers M or not visible, all Grade 1. 46.5 grams total. Good full shields and crosses (two with quadrants transposed), little or no corrosion, all pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificates #116440, 153184, 157553 and 157800, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

398. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayers M and T, Grades 3 and 4, the former with Edward J. Little signature on the certificate. 20.0 grams total. The Grade 3 has a choice full shield with P+T to left and denomination to right but off-center and corroded cross, while the Grade 4 has corrosion all over but clear assayer and shield and cross, both pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificates #109024 and 188881, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

399. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón) to left, rare first coinage of the mint (very rare from this wreck), Grade 1. S-P1; KM-3.2. 6.6 grams. Superbly full, round flan with complete and sharp inner details and nearly full legends and crown, the P-R very clear, minimal corrosion. With Fisher certificate #236962. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

400. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period), Grade-1 quality (no Grade on certificate). S-P10; KM-3.2. 6.3 grams. Bold but small P-B to left of full shield, well-detailed full cross, much legend, broad flan with light corrosion only at edge. With Fisher certificate #148368. Estimate: $500-$750.

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404. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer R, Grade 1. S-P15; KM-8. 6.7 grams. Good full shield, bold but partially corroded cross. With Fisher tag and certificate #85A-249955. Estimate: $500-$750.405. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer RL (curved leg), Grade 2. S-P15; KM-8. 6.4 grams. Bold full shield and assayer, nearly full crown, full but cruder cross, nicely toned, no corrosion. With Fisher photo-certificate #109010. Estimate: $400-$600.406. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer Q, unique error with shield side struck from a 1R die, Grade-1 quality (certificate missing). S-P17; KM-8; CT-353. 6.3 grams. Interesting guitar-pick shape with strikingly small shield and bold P-Q and king’s ordinal III, full and bold cross, choice Grade 1 (no corrosion). With Fisher tag #127284. Estimate: $500-$750.

401. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Ramos), Grade 2. S-P13; KM-3.2. 6.6 grams. Broad flan with decent crown and obverse legend, the P-R bold and the shield and cross full but partially flat, no corrosion. With Fisher certificate #148378. Estimate: $400-$600.402. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (4th period), Grade 1. S-P12; KM-3.2. 6.3 grams. Bold P-B, choice full crown and shield and cross, one small spot of corrosion near reverse rim only. With Fisher certificate #128084. Estimate: $500-$750.403. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer R, Grade 1, with Edward J. Little signature on certificate. S-P15; KM-8. 6.7 grams. Good full cross and shield with full R to left, no corrosion, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificate #132604, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $600-$900.

407. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1617M, error legend, choice Grade-1 quality but no Grade on certificate. S-P19; KM-8; CT-356. 6.5 grams. Incredibly bold full date (rare thus), good full cross and shield and assayer, nonsensical obverse legend that shows C G (upside-down) I M, no corrosion, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificate #144392, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $750-$1,100.408. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, (161)7(M), error legend, Grade-1 quality but Grade 2 on certificate. S-P19; KM-8; CT-356. 6.6 grams. Broad, odd-shaped flan with bold full 7 of date, full but partially flat shield and cross, no corrosion, same odd legend error as last lot. With Fisher certificate #186249. Estimate: $500-$750.409. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, unique error date “6161” with one 6 backwards (probably 1617 or 1618), king’s name on reverse, Grade-1 quality (certificate missing). 6.1 grams. Very bold full date with blatant errors in addition to PHI- of the king’s name, well-detailed full cross and shield and crown, minimal corrosion. With Fisher tag #237468. Estimate: $600-$900.

410. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer T, Grade 1 (certificate missing). S-P21; KM-8. 6.6 grams. Bold full shield and part of legend, the cross full but doubled, minimal corrosion, small edge-splits. With Fisher tag #151195. Estimate: $350-$500.

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Potosí 2R group lots411. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayers Q and not visible, both Grade 2, with Edward J. Little signatures on certificates. KM-8. 12.9 grams total. The assayer-Q piece with bold P-Q and full but doubled and/or partially flat shield and cross (quadrants transposed) and with light corrosion, the other coin uncorroded but crudely struck, both pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher certificates #131810 and 132834, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

412. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2R, Philip III, assayers R and Q, Grade-1 or 2 quality but no Grades on the certificates. KM-8. 12.4 grams total. Interesting pair in that both show possible over-assayers (Q/R and C/Q), good full shields and crosses, little or no corrosion. With Fisher certificates #128023 and 216969. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

Potosí 1R413. Potosí, Bolivia, cob “1 real” (actually a 2R?), Philip II, assayer not visible, Grade 2. 2.3 grams. This thin, corroded coin shows a fairly clear denomination ii to the right of the full shield, but the full cross-and-tressure with tiny lions and castles appears to be the correct size for a 1R, which is a very rare denomination from this wreck and is what appears on the Fisher tag and certificate; in our opinion it is either a 1R struck from a 2R shield die or an underweight 2R struck with a 1R cross die, interesting either way. With Fisher certificate #188721-2 Estimate: $500-$750.

Potosí mixed denominations

414. Lot of 9 Potosí, Bolivia, silver cobs (eight 8R and one 4R), assayers Q, T or not visible, Grades 1 and 2, certificates missing. 183.9 grams total. Generally good full shields and crosses, one with partial date, some corrosion. With Fisher tags #116653, 132010, 133843, 135455, 135917, 156279, 212885, 215657 and 221117. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.415. Lot of 3 Potosí, Bolivia, smaller cobs of Philip III (assayers not visible): one 4R no Grade (Grade-3 quality) and two 2R Grade 2. 22.2 grams total. Some corrosion and/or wear but generally clear shields and crosses. With Fisher certificates #120020, 176614 and 221720. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

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416. Lot of 3 Potosí, Bolivia, silver cobs (two 8R and one 4R), Philip III, assayers Q or not visible, all Grade 4. 40.7 grams total. Moderately to heavily corroded but with recognizable shields and crosses, one with clear assayer Q. With Fisher certificates #134993, 137224 and 138639. Estimate: $350-$500.

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Cartagena

417. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, (16)21A, mintmark RN to left, extremely rare first date of issue, Grade 2. Restrepo-M41; S-C2; KM-3.2. 21.6 grams. This 4th-known specimen was first revealed to the market in our Auction #8 (lot 516) with the following description: While the 1621 date was reported by the salvagers early on, numismatists were not convinced of its existence until 2005 when an article in Coin World by Samuel Zucker showed 3 specimens with clear dates, backed up by documentation showing that the Cartagena mint actually started minting in that year. Atocha specialist Bill Pearson astutely acquired all 3 specimens, but this specimen appears to be a new discovery, with clear bottom half of 21 of date above full but off-center cross, full shield below most of crown with RN to left and A to right, moderately corroded all over but still quite solid. With Fisher certificate #237743. Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

418. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, 16(22)A, mintmark RN to left, rare, probably Grade 2 but tag and certificate missing, ex-Lasser. Restrepo-M42; S-C2; KM-3.2. 19.0 grams. While somewhat corroded, this coin shows a bold and well-detailed full shield (with pomegranate in center) with clear RN to left and A to right, the cross on the other side full but very slightly doubled, with clear 16 of date in the ample legend, nicely toned, one of several coins Joe Lasser collected to study (but regrettably not plated in any of his catalogs or books). Pedigreed to the Joseph Lasser collection. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Santa Margarita, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, FloridaMexico

420. Lot of 4 Mexico City, Mexico, cobs (one 8R, two 4R and one 2R), Philip III, assayers F or not visible, Grades 1 and 3, certificates missing. 46.9 grams total. The 8R with superb full cross but corroded shield and edges, the other coins with some edge-corrosion but mostly decent interiors, lightly toned, pretty decent group overall for this wreck. With Fisher tags #1532, 5882, 7228 and 8159. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

419. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, Grade 2. 5.6 grams. Bold full oMD, nearly full shield and cross, lightly toned, minimal corrosion. With Fisher photo-certificate #80M-7042. Estimate: $400-$600.

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Potosí 8R421. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer R (curved leg), Grade 2. S-P15; KM-10; CT-126 . 23.5 grams. Solid flan with full but crudely doubled shield and cross, clear assayer R, spots of dark encrustation but not overly corroded. With Fisher certificate #2338 (tag missing). Estimate: $350-$500.422. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, Grade 1. KM-10. 26.8 grams. Superb full cross-lions-castles (very bold), full but weaker shield, no corrosion, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher photo-certificate #7347, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $500-$750.423. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer R (curved leg), choice Grade 2. S-P15; KM-10; CT-126 . 25.0 grams. Incredibly well-detailed for the Grade (as it does have some surface corrosion), with full but slightly doubled shield and cross, contrasting toning, very solid, also desirable as among the first coins found and cataloged from this wreck (note the certificate number). With Fisher photo-certificate #61. Estimate: $350-$500.

Potosí 8R group lots424. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II and III, assayers B, R, Q or not visible, Grade 3, certificates missing. 166.5 grams total. Decent crosses and/or shields despite mostly moderate corrosion, one with curious mintmark appearing as the Greek letter “phi” (combination of P and backwards P), one with incorrect weight on tag. With Fisher tags #86, 605, 1914, 4179, 4313, 4760, 6118, 6572, 8352 and 9090. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.425. Lot of 5 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers R, Q or not visible, Grades 1, 2 and 4, certificates missing. 92.4 grams total. Three decent coins (Grades 1 and 2) with generally good shields and crosses, nice toning, and not too much corrosion, but also two heavily corroded Grade 4’s (one cut in half). With Fisher tags #1155, 1168, 3035, 6256 and 9201. Estimate: $750-$1,100.426. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayers Q and not visible, Grade 4. 32.3 grams total. Heavily corroded but with clear shields and one with full (but weak) P-Q, both pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher photo-certificates #10318 and 10319, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $200-$300.

Potosí 4R427. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period), Grade 3, with Edward J. Little signature on certificate. S-P10; KM-4.2. 12.4 grams. Broad flan with well-detailed full shield and cross, bold mintmark but assayer (which certificate erroneously calls assayer A) among a few spots of corrosion, pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. With Fisher photo-certificate #87M-137258, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $350-$500.

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Potosí mixed denominations

428. Lot of 4 Potosí, Bolivia, cobs of Philip III, Grade 3: one 8R and three 4R, assayer Q or not visible. 38.8 grams total. One with choice full shield (the rest at least decent), one heavily corroded but full weight for a 4R (hence actually an 8R, despite what its tag says). With Fisher tags #38, 3403, 3723 and 3999. Estimate: $400-$600.

429. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cobs of Philip III (assayers not visible): one 8R Grade 3 (Grade-2 quality) and one 4R Grade 2. 37.0 grams total. The 8R solid and with good full cross but silvery and surface-corroded, the 4R with good full cross and shield and nice toning. With Fisher photo-certificate #87M-137177 for the 8R and tag #8963 for the 4R (no certificate). Estimate: $400-$600.

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“Dry Tortugas wreck,” sunk ca. 1622 west of Key West, Florida

430. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible. 17.9 grams. Solid coin with good full shield, nearly full cross, worn and flat in peripheries and moderately corroded all over. With Seahawk certificate #2074.0017. Estimate: $250-$375.

431. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip III, assayer F, rare denomination and provenance. 1.9 grams. Full and well-detailed crown, shield and cross despite moderate corrosion all over (very thin), lightly toned. With Seahawk certificate #2507.0002. Estimate: $200-$300.

432. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayers not visible. 12.8 grams total. Both typically worn and corroded but with clear shields and crosses, one with bold oM. With Seahawk certificates #2074.0005 and 2507.0070. Estimate: $200-$300.433. Lot of 2 silver cob 4 reales: Mexico City, Mexico, Philip II, assayer O; and Potosí, Bolivia, Philip III, assayer Q. 13.4 grams total. The Mexican piece corroded thin but with clear shield and cross and oMO to left, the Potosí coin more solid and toned and with full shield but still quite corroded. With Seahawk certificates #925.0008 and 2507.0082. Estimate: $250-$375.

Campen, sunk in 1627 off the Isle of Wight, south of England

434. Gelderland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1616. KM-15.1. 26.9 grams. Excellent full details on both sides, including legends, with no corrosion or wear (in fact lustrous), but fraught with old scrapes. Estimate: $100-$150.435. Holland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1616. KM-17. 26.7 grams. Small diameter (thick) but still with full legends, the lion and knight inside fully detailed and the fields lustrous, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $125-$200.436. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1616. KM-13. 26.8 grams. Broad flan with notch in edge at date, otherwise full legends, good inner details, very little corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.

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437. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1617. KM-14.2. 26.0 grams. Full legends except the date weak and one notch in edge, the interior lion and knight somewhat weak too, but no corrosion (just a few scratches) and nicely toned. With generic certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.

438. Zeeland, United Netherlands, “lion” daalder, 1623. KM-16. 26.9 grams. Full and bold legends with small notch in edge, very well detailed mane on the lion, no corrosion but some weak strike. Estimate: $125-$200.

439. Lot of 2 United Netherlands “lion” daalders: 1616 Overijssel and 1617 Utrecht. 45.9 grams total. Silvery and lightly to moderately corroded but one with bold date and the other rather solid. One with certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

“Lucayan Beach wreck,” sunk ca. 1628 off Grand Bahama Island

440. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer D. S-M18a; KM-45. 26.0 grams. Solid, typically barrel-shaped flan of uneven thickness, with bold mintmark, full but crude shield, good full cross, no corrosion but some dark spots. With small Spink certificate and Tony Jaggers photo-certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.441. Lot of 2 encrusted (as found) “blackie” cob 8R of Mexico City, Mexico, Philip IV, assayers not visible. 32.4 grams total. Two heavily corroded and darkly oxidized coins that were left the way they were found, one with small shell-bit adhering, the other with clear shield, somewhat rare as from this wreck (most were cleaned). Estimate: $100-$150.442. Lot of 4 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, assayer D (where visible). 49.0 grams total. Solid and well-toned specimens with generally good crosses and shields, two with clear oMD. With two small Spink certificates and one Sedwick certificate from 2001. Estimate: $300-$450.

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443. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible. 6.6 grams. Round and well-preserved (minimal corrosion, nice toning) but with much flatness, otherwise full shield and cross. With West Bay Trading Co. certificate from 1999. Estimate: $125-$200.

447. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P, with hand-signed Webber certificate. KM-45. 23.9 grams. Bold oMP, nearly full shield and cross (albeit crude), toned but lightly corroded, atypical shape. With large certificate hand-signed by Burt Webber. Estimate: $150-$225.

448. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P. KM-45. 26.0 grams. Oddly round flan, with full oMP and denomination 8, nearly full shield and mostly bold cross, toned and lightly corroded. With Blanchard certificates. Estimate: $125-$200.

449. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P. KM-45. 24.4 grams. Great full cross, nearly full shield but otherwise flat, nicely toned, minimal corrosion. With Blanchard wallet-style certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

Concepción, sunk in 1641 off Hispaniola

444. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1634P, rare. S-M19; KM-45; CT-329. 25.6 grams. Very full and clear 4-digit date, full oM to left of full shield, the cross fully detailed and distinctive in style, nicely toned and minimally corroded, typical urn-shape. Estimate: $200-$300.

445. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1640P, full date (rare). S-M19; KM-45; CT-336. 26.5 grams. Bold date, full oMP and shield and cross (albeit a bit crudely struck), nicely toned and corrosion-free, with traces of canvas imprint on obverse. With tag #025-MX8-640. Estimate: $150-$225.

446. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P, with hand-signed Webber certificate. KM-45. 25.1 grams. Fat barrel-shape with good full cross, nearly full shield, bold assayer, toned and only lightly corroded. With tag #26872 and large certificate hand-signed by Burt Webber. Estimate: $150-$225.

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450. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P. KM-45. 26.6 grams. Very solid and uncorroded but with typical flatness, neat shape (sort of a leaning barrel), decent cross and shield, full oMP. With Blanchard wallet-style certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.451. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P. KM-45. 25.9 grams. Silvery but solid, with full but weak shield and cross, no visible corrosion, somewhat urn-shaped. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.452. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1641P, very rare, ex-Christensen. S-M19; KM-38; CT-unl. 12.7 grams. Bold 4 of date, full oMP, most of shield and cross on a roundish, well-toned and minimally corroded flan. With certificate and original Christensen tag. Estimate: $200-$300.453. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (P), unusual shape. KM-38. 12.8 grams. Very odd “acorn” shape (with distinct “stem”), good full cross, full but crude shield with bold denomination 4 to right, toned and only lightly corroded. With Blanchard wallet-style certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.454. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (163)9(TR), rare. S-P27; KM-19a; CT-482. 24.6 grams. Nearly full 9 of date, good full cross, well-detailed shield with clear denomination 8 to right, attractively toned, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $175-$250.

456. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer P, rare mint for this wreck. S-M19. 5.0 grams. Choice full shield and cross, clear oMP and denomination II, excellent toning and not much visible corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.457. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip III, assayer F, rare mint for this wreck. 2.2 grams. Superb full shield and cross, clear mintmark, the peripheries worn but not pitted, nicely contrasting toning. Estimate: $250-$375.

Capitana, sunk in 1654 off Chanduy, EcuadorMexico

455. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible, rare mint for this wreck. KM-45. 22.1 grams. Full and bold shield and cross (but typically crude), somewhat worn overall but not pitted, somewhat urn-shaped flan. Estimate: $200-$300.

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458. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip IV, assayer D, rare mint for this wreck. S-M18a; KM-28. 3.1 grams. Bold oMD, excellent full cross, nearly full shield, no corrosion but small chip in edge, lightly toned. Estimate: $100-$150.

Potosí shield-type

460. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(4)9Z, with crowned-.G. countermark on cross (rare). S-P34; KM-19a; CT-508. 21.0 grams. Broad flan with good full shield and cross and much legend, including bold king’s ordinal IIII and bold 16 of date, full and clear countermark, 2 edge-splits, nicely toned fields, no corrosion. Estimate: $500-$750.

461. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)649Z, with arms countermark on cross. S-P34; KM-19a; CT-508. 21.4 grams. Bold full cross with more of the countermark visible than usual, full but doubled shield, full 649 of date, good toning, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $400-$600.

Lima459. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-ii to left, oD-* to right, rare mint for this wreck. S-L4; KM-9; CT-490. 4.6 grams. Typically round and well detailed, with full inner details and much legend, all slightly doubled but with nice contrast from toning on fields, light corrosion only. Estimate: $100-$150.

462. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1649Z, bold full date (rare), no countermark (even rarer!). S-P34; KM-19a; CT-508. 26.4 grams. All 4 digits of the date are complete and clear, as is the king’s ordinal IIII, and the coin appears to be uncorroded but is poorly struck, with lots of flat areas (also the cross is doubled), dark sediment on fields. Estimate: $400-$600.

463. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)49Z, with crowned-? countermark on cross. S-P34; KM-19a; CT-508. 24.3 grams. Choice full inner details, including the assayer and denomination, but with some light corrosion, the date and most of the countermark still clear, lightly toned all over. Estimate: $350-$500.

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464. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer Z, with rare variety of crown-alone countermark on shield. S-P34; KM-19a. 26.4 grams. Bold P-Z to left of full shield with full crown above, the countermark about 80%, no corrosion but some old marks on the full cross, nicely contrasting toning all over. Pedigreed to the Ponterio “La Capitana” sale of April 10,1999, with lot-tag #226. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

465. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 164(?)Z, date at 7 o’clock, with crowned-L countermark on cross. S-P34; KM-19a. 19.9 grams. Broad thin flan with much flatness but very little visible corrosion, bold denomination 8 to right of full but doubled shield, choice full countermark on full cross, toned here and there. Estimate: $250-$375.

466. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer Z, with crowned-backwards-L countermark on cross (very rare). S-P34; KM-19a. 18.6 grams. Crude edge-splits and light surface corrosion but with good toning, full shield (doubled) and cross, bold denomination, clear countermark that was listed as “U-1” (2-5 known) in Ullian (Type PP). Estimate: $250-$375.

467. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1649(Z or O), with crowned-S countermark on cross. 21.6 grams. Broad flan with light corrosion, good toning, full but doubled shield, full cross with bold countermark, full 1 and 9 of date. Estimate: $500-$750.

468. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1649(Z or O), with arms countermark on cross. 19.9 grams. Smallish flan (due to corrosion?) with bold full date, full but doubled cross and shield, bold king’s ordinal IIII, good toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

469. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 164(9)O, with crowned-Z countermark on shield (very rare). S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506. 27.5 grams. Large and completely corrosion-free flan with super toning and excellent strike, including full cross-lions-castles, full but slightly doubled shield with bold P-O to left and denomination 8 to right, the full countermark almost all the way to the edge and partially appearing in retrograde (brockage) on the cross side. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

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470. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)4(9)O, with crowned-A countermark on shield (very rare). S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506. 24.2 grams. Very bold and clear countermark (with resultant warping) in center of full but weak shield with most of crown above and bold P-O and 8 to the sides, full but very weak cross, much flatness but not much corrosion, toned fields, large edge-split. Estimate: $600-$900.

471. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649)O, with 2 countermarks (very rare) on cross: arms and rare variety of crown-alone countermark. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506. 26.3 grams. Broad flan that appears to have an appendage where the arms countermark was applied, full shield with P-O to left and denomination 8 to right, full cross with full crown countermark, solid and uncorroded (some flatness), nicely toned. Estimate: $400-$600.

472. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(49)O, with rare variety of crown-alone countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506. 26.7 grams. Broad, roundish flan with good full shield and cross, bold denomination, most of king’s name and ordinal, full countermark on full cross, minimal corrosion, good toning. (Note: This countermark is seen on some silver artifacts from the Atocha [1622].) Estimate: $350-$500.

473. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649)O, with two countermarks on cross (rare): crowned T and crowned L. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506. 25.4 grams. Crude surfaces (light corrosion and spotty toning) but full shield and cross, both countermarks nearly full and clear. Estimate: $300-$450.

474. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)49O, with arms countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506. 25.6 grams. Choice and practically uncorroded, with very well-detailed full shield and cross but peripheries flat (as made), bold countermark, good toning. Estimate: $250-$375.

475. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)64(9)O, with crowned-Z countermark on cross (very rare). S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506. 25.1 grams. Very broad flan that extends beyond the details, full shield with clear O to left and 8 to right, full but weaker cross with bold countermark and 64 of date, light surface corrosion and spotty toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

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476. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649)O, with crowned-L countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506. 23.2 grams. Crude strike and flan (edge-cracks, surface corrosion) but bold details, including P-O and 8, crown, cross and (especially) countermark, with contrasting toning on fields. Estimate: $200-$300.

477. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1649)O, with crowned-? countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-506. 23.1 grams. Bold but slightly doubled full shield and P-O, full crown, full but weaker cross with full countermark, bold 6 of date, nicely toned, light corrosion only. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $175-$250.

478. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 164(?), assayer not visible, with crowned-L countermark on cross. 23.1 grams. Nice round flan with nearly full shield and crown, bold countermark in center of good but doubled cross, full 164 of date, nicely toned, no visible corrosion. Estimate: $300-$450.

479. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (pre-1650), with crowned-.T. countermark on shield (rare). 23.3 grams. Broad flan with full but slightly crude cross and shield, the latter with bold full countermark, mostly toned, no corrosion but part of edge bent. Estimate: $300-$450.

480. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1650/49O, with rare variety of crown-alone countermark on cross. S-P35; CT-unl. 21.6 grams. Very bold full countermark on partial cross with bold ANO in legend, mostly weak date but clear 0/9, nearly full shield with bold P-O to left, minimal corrosion, good toning, large edge-split. Estimate: $300-$450.

481. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1.6.5.(0), assayer O, with rare variety of crown-alone countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-unl; CT-unl. 19.1 grams. Broad, round but thin flan (corroded) with bold full cross and countermark, bold 1.6. of date at top, nice full shield, full king’s name, contrastingly toned. Estimate: $250-$375.

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482. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1650O, with crowned-script-L countermark on cross (very rare). S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 25.7 grams. Very solid (uncorroded) flan with bold full cross and shield, the former with full and clear countermark (possibly best specimen known of Ullian Type DD, which he called “R-3” but we think is rarer) and the latter with bold P-O to left and 8-O to right, nicely toned. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

483. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1650O, with crowned-S countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 28.1 grams. Exceptionally bold and well-preserved specimen, notably overweight (no corrosion), with all inner details and most of the crown and legends full and bold, especially the date (all 4 digits) and countermark (which is a scarce one), with gorgeous toning on fields too, just about as nice as a non-Royal can get. With original Herman Moro certificate. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

484. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)50O, with rare variety of crown-alone countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 22.4 grams. Crude and slightly corroded flan whose best feature is the full countermark (which is seen on some silver artifacts from the Atocha [1622]), also much legend (including 50 of date), mostly toned. Estimate: $600-$900.

485. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 165/40O, date at 5 o’clock, with crowned-O countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-unl; CT-unl. 26.6 grams. Choice full details, including shield flanked by P-O and 8-O, bold full date with clear 5/4 but no 4/9, full countermark, very solid and uncorroded overall, attractively toned. Estimate: $500-$750.

486. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1650O, with crowned-• countermark on cross (unique and unlisted). S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 23.7 grams. Nearly full countermark that is not listed in Ullian (first we have seen), bold details all over, including all inner details and much legend (like king’s ordinal IIII and 16 and 0 of date) and crown, light surface corrosion only, nicely toned. Estimate: $400-$600.

487. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 165(0)O, with rare variety of crown-alone countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 25.3 grams. Nearly full countermark (which is seen on some silver artifacts from the Atocha [1622]), good full shield (slightly doubled), off-center cross, slightly crude over all (edge-split and minor corrosion) but nice toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

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488. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (165)0O, no countermark (rare). S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 26.9 grams. Full-weight specimen with choice full shield and cross, 2 assayers, bold 0 of date, bold king’s name, nicely toned and uncorroded. Estimate: $350-$500.

489. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)50O, with crowned-.F. countermark on cross (very rare, as usually seen on shield). S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 23.2 grams. Exceptionally deep countermark on good full cross with bold date, full but slightly doubled shield with 2 clear assayers, minimal corrosion, toned fields. Estimate: $350-$500.

490. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1650O, with pentagonal crowned-1652 countermark on cross, rare. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 19.2 grams. Bold full date next to most of countermark on bold full cross, the shield full but corroded, with full king’s ordinal IIII in legend, lightly brown-toned, minor edge-splits. Estimate: $300-$450.

491. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)50O, with unidentified countermark (unique) on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 17.9 grams. Thin from corrosion but with good full shield and bold cross with very odd countermark that just makes no sense from any angle (possibly a contemporary counterfeit), bold 50 of date, lightly toned. Estimate: $200-$300.

492. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1(650)O, with crown-alone countermark on shield. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 24.6 grams. Bold full shield and cross, the former with full countermark and flanked by clear P-O and 8-O, no corrosion, nice toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

493. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650)O, with crowned-L countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-509. 26.1 grams. Full and well-detailed countermark, clear 8-O, full cross and shield, but with spotty toning and some surface corrosion. Estimate: $150-$225.

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494. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 165(1)O, with crowned-T (within border of dots) countermark on cross (very rare). S-P35; KM-19b; CT-510. 24.7 grams. Very bold full countermark variety that is listed in Ullian (Type S) as “U-2” (1 or 2 known), of which this is possibly the best-known specimen, bold 16 of date and 2 assayers, full but somewhat worn shield and cross, no visible corrosion. Estimate: $400-$600.

495. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651O, no countermark (rare). S-P35; KM-19b; CT-510. 22.3 grams. Choice full details on both sides, including much legend (bold king’s ordinal IIII) and crown, lightly brown-toned all over, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $350-$500.

496. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651O, with arms countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-510. 20.4 grams. Broad but thin (corroded) flan, with bold full shield and P-O and 8-O, full cross with choice castles, full but split date due to doubling, brown toning all over. Estimate: $300-$450.

497. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651O, with crowned-L countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-510. 21.7 grams. Round flan with full crown and much legend, including bold king’s ordinal IIII and full date, good full countermark in center, light surface corrosion with brown toning in crevices. Estimate: $200-$300.

498. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned-? countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b. 25.3 grams. Good full shield and cross, bold P-O to left, nearly full countermark but letter under crown obscured by lion, much flatness but no visible corrosion. Estimate: $300-$450.

499. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (165)1E, with pentagonal crowned-1652 countermark on cross (rare). S-P36; KM-19b; CT-511. 23.6 grams. Very broad, round flan with choice full shield and cross, the former with full P-E and 8-E to sides, the latter with nearly full and well-detailed countermark, light surface corrosion only, nicely toned, 2 edge-splits (1 large). Estimate: $800-$1,200.

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500. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 165(1)E, modern 5, with crowned-PH countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-511. 20.7 grams. Broad flan with good full shield and crown, 2 assayers, bold 165 of date, full countermark, light surface corrosion and edge-crack, toned fields. Estimate: $400-$600.

501. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651E, with 2 countermarks (very rare): crowned-.F. and crowned-? on shield. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-511. 21.3 grams. Bold full date outside of off-center full cross, full and well-detailed shield with mostly bold countermarks, clear E to left and 8 to right, nice brown toning, light surface corrosion. Estimate: $400-$600.

502. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (165)1E, with 2 countermarks (very rare): crown alone on shield and arms on cross. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-511. 26.1 grams. Very broad flan but rather crude strike, with much flatness/weakness, 2 edge-splits, but bold final digit of date and some contrasting toning, also no corrosion. Estimate: $350-$500.

503. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651, assayer not visible, with crowned-P countermark on cross (very rare). KM-19b. 23.7 grams. Perfectly full countermark (possibly the best example known of Ullian Type K, rated at “U-1” [2-5 known]), full final digit of date, rest of coin weaker and somewhat corroded, lightly toned. Estimate: $350-$500.

504. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651E, with crowned-? countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-511. 17.4 grams. Thin and worn from corrosion (also some “horn” silver) but with clear date and shield and cross nonetheless, the countermark possibly crowned-o, clear date and king’s name, lightly toned. Estimate: $350-$500.

505. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)51E, with crown-alone countermark on shield. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-511. 23.0 grams. Good full cross (slightly doubled) with bold date, nearly full shield with bold countermark, 8-E to right, crown above, most of king’s name, weak peripheries but not much visible corrosion and good toning, edge-split. Estimate: $300-$450.

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506. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (165)1E, with rare crown-alone countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-511. 18.3 grams. Thin from wear but with mostly bold details, especially the countermark (which is seen on some silver artifacts from the Atocha [1622]), full king’s name and last digit of date, nicely toned, edge-split. Estimate: $300-$450.

507. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651E, with crowned-L countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-511. 21.9 grams. Broad flan but with surface corrosion, full shield and cross, toned on fields. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $250-$375.

508. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1651E, with unidentified countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-511. 17.4 grams. Choice full shield and cross despite thinning from corrosion, full P-E and 8-E and king’s name, full 651 of date, nice toning, just the details of the countermark (at top-left quadrant of cross) lost to the sea. Estimate: $200-$300.

509. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E (very rare final date for shield-type), with crowned-.F. countermark on shield. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-515. 20.7 grams. Broad but thin (corroded) flan with choice full shield and crown and countermark, good full cross with well-detailed lions, but most important part is the full and bold final digit 2 of the date, nicely toned. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

510. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)5(1-2)E, with rare variety of crown-alone countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b. 27.6 grams. Big flan with no corrosion but much flatness and part of edge crude (split and upturned), choice full countermark, full but weak crown and shield and cross, toned in crevices. Estimate: $450-$675.

511. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with crowned-.T. countermark on shield. S-P36; KM-19b. 25.6 grams. Choice bold shield side with full king’s ordinal IIII, complete countermark, 2 assayers; full but weaker cross; nicely toned and uncorroded but with large edge-crack. Estimate: $350-$500.

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512. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with 2 countermarks (rare): crowned-L on cross and crowned-.F. on shield. S-P36; KM-19b. 22.6 grams. Light to moderate surface corrosion and spotty toning but with both countermarks bold, also full shield and cross, king’s ordinal IIII, small edge-splits. Estimate: $350-$500.

513. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)5(1-2)E, with rare variety of crown-alone countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b. 27.3 grams. Solid and uncorroded flan but with much flatness and 2 edge-splits (also slightly bent), with full shield and cross nonetheless, bold 5 of date and most of countermark and king’s name and ordinal, toned in crevices. Estimate: $300-$450.

514. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 165(1-2)E, with crowned-L countermark on SHIELD (very rare). S-P36; KM-19b. 24.9 grams. Broad flan but slightly thin from corrosion and with spotty toning, bold full countermark on full shield with full crown above and P-E and 8-E to sides, full but weak cross, bold 16 of date. Estimate: $200-$300.

515. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with crowned-O countermark on shield. S-P36; KM-19b. 24.9 grams. Full and bold countermark on nice full shield with bold P-E to left, good full cross (somewhat flat), good toning, minimal corrosion, edge-split. Estimate: $200-$300.

516. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with crowned-? countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b. 20.9 grams. Rather broad flan but thin from corrosion, still with very bold full shield and crown and cross, all double-struck, with contrasting toning. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $175-$250.

517. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(51-2)E, with crowned-.F. countermark on shield. S-P36; KM-19b. 19.9 grams. Choice full countermark, 2 assayers flanking full but slightly doubled shield, most of king’s name and ordinal, full but slightly crude cross, light brown toning all over, somewhat thin from corrosion. Estimate: $150-$225.

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518. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 165(?)(O or E), with crowned-O countermark on cross. KM-19b. 22.1 grams. Full countermark on messily doubled cross, good but also slightly doubled shield with full crown, thin from corrosion and with edge-split, lightly brown-toned. Estimate: $200-$300.

519. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (ca. 1646), with crowned •F• countermark on shield. KM-17a. 9.2 grams. Full cross with distinctive lions, nearly full shield with bold countermark (which should not have been applied on a coin this early), all slightly off-center, somewhat thin and lightly corroded, odd gray toning that might point to a lower fineness. Estimate: $150-$225.520. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1649Z, no countermark (very rare). S-P34; KM-17a; CT-730. 13.1 grams. Good full cross and shield, solid and uncorroded but with much flatness, the date full but weak, nicely toned. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $250-$375.521. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1649)O, with rare variety of crown-alone countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-17b; CT-731. 13.1 grams. Broad flan with bold P-O, nearly full shield and crown, full and well-centered cross with full countermark, minimal corrosion, toned in crevices. Estimate: $250-$375.

522. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1650O, with crowned-L countermark on SHIELD (very rare). S-P35; KM-17b; CT-unl. 13.0 grams. Bold countermark (almost always seen on the cross side instead), full but weak shield and cross, corrosion on edge, toned in crevices. Estimate: $400-$600.

523. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1)651(O or E), with crowned-L countermark on cross. KM-17b. 13.0 grams. Full and bold countermark and date, good cross, weaker and off-center shield, darkly toned and lightly corroded, with edge-split. Estimate: $300-$450.

524. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (1st period, “Lima style”), rare. S-P4; KM-3.2. 6.0 grams. Very broad flan with choice full shield and cross-and-tressure, slightly bent and with edge-split and tiny old hole at edge, attractively toned, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $150-$225.525. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), border of x’s on obverse. S-P14; KM-3.4. 5.2 grams. Good full cross, full but weaker shield and crown, lightly corroded all over but nicely toned. Estimate: $100-$150.526. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer TR. KM-14a. 5.6 grams. Bold P-TR to left of nearly full but off-center shield, full cross, toned but corroded on surfaces. Estimate: $100-$150.

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527. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer TR. KM-14a. 5.9 grams. Bold full TR, good full shield and cross, peripheral flatness but minimal corrosion, nicely toned. Estimate: $100-$150.528. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer TR. KM-14a. 5.1 grams. Choice full shield with full P-TR to left, full but slightly doubled cross-and-tressure, nicely toned, thin but not overly corroded. Estimate: $100-$150.529. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer TR. KM-14a. 4.3 grams. Roundish flan with slightly crude edge (as made), bold assayer to left and denomination Z to right of nearly full shield, good but slightly doubled cross, toned, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.

530. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer TR. KM-14a. 4.1 grams. Good but off-center cross and shield, clear P-TR, patchy dark toning, light surface toning only. Estimate: $70-$100.531. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer T. KM-14a. 6.7 grams. Thick and solid flan with nearly full shield and cross, bold full P-T with extra metal on the T (not an over-assayer), toned, minimal corrosion but slightly bent. Estimate: $100-$150.532. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer T. KM-14a. 6.3 grams. Good full cross and shield, both well centered, no corrosion, spotty toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

533. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer P/T (1646-7), very rare. S-P33; KM-14a. 2.9 grams. Full and bold assayer to left of full but off-center shield, good full cross, thin and worn from corrosion but with nicely contrasting toning. Estimate: $100-$150.534. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 164(?)Z, rare. S-P34; KM-14a. 4.8 grams. Off-center strike with full P-Z, bold 16 of date, part of edge crude (as made), good toning, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.535. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, (1649)O. S-P35; KM-14b; CT-888. 6.2 grams. Choice full shield, full but corroded cross, patchy dark toning, light surface corrosion. Estimate: $70-$100.

536. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, (16)52E, very rare final year of shield-type. S-P36; KM-14b; CT-unl. 4.3 grams. Broad but thin (from corrosion) flan with well-detailed full shield flanked by tiny E’s, full cross-and-tressure with bold 2 of date, attractively contrasting toning all over. Estimate: $300-$450.537. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-2.2; CT-649. 3.2 grams. Choice full shield and cross, typically finely detailed, with bold P-B and denomination I, full crown, toned fields, minimal surface corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.538. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period?). S-P10; KM-2.2; CT-649. 2.7 grams. Full shield and cross but lightly corroded all over, good toning. Estimate: $70-$100.

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539. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, (1)64(?), assayer not visible. 2.7 grams. Bold full shield, crudely doubled cross with bold 64 of date, good toning, slightly worn from corrosion. Estimate: $80-$120.

543. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type V/A but with motto as PLVS-VL-(TRA), unique. S-P37; KM-A20.5; CT-unl. 23.2 grams. Choice full crown above full pillars showing F-8-(IIII) across top and E-52-(E ) across bottom, clear motto (like Janson #18.5.3 but with early reverse), bold full date in legend; full shield with bold •-A-P-8 to left and •-O-E-52 to right; parts of edge crude and all lightly corroded but nicely toned. Estimate: $350-$500.

544. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type V/B. S-P37; KM-unl; CT-unl. 26.1 grams. Solid, uncorroded flan but with slightly crude strike, full pillars with F-8-IIII across top and E-52-E across bottom, double-struck cross with date below and E to right, part of edge twisted, spotty toning. Estimate: $350-$500.

545. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type VII/A. S-P37; KM-A20.7; CT-unl. 23.5 grams. Full and well-centered but slightly doubled pillars side with HP monogram, (P)-8-E across top, E-52-P across bottom, full date in legend; off-center and somewhat weak shield with A-(P)-8 to left and O-E-(52) to right; lightly corroded overall but with contrasting toning. Estimate: $350-$500.

Potosí 1652 transitionals

540. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type III/A. S-P37; KM-A20.3; CT-unl. 24.3 grams. Full and fat pillars with F-8-IIII across top and E-•-E across bottom, 1652 date in legend, full crown; other side with good full shield, full A-P-8 to left and O-E-52 to right, also with full crown; overall lightly corroded but solid and with contrasting toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

541. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type IV/A. S-P37; KM-A20.4; CT-432. 22.1 grams. Bold full pillars with full crown above, F-8-IIII across top and E-8-E across bottom, 1652 date in legend; other side with choice full shield-castles-lions, A-P-8 to left and O-E-52 to right; solid and nicely toned all over but with light surface corrosion and edge-split. Estimate: $500-$750.

542. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type IV/A. S-P37; KM-A20.4; CT-432. 19.6 grams. Full crown above pillars with F-8-IIII across top and E-8-E across bottom; bold full shield with (A)-P-8 to left and O-E-52 to right, bold king’s ordinal in legend; all somewhat corroded but well-detailed and toned. Estimate: $250-$375.

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546. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type VII/A. S-P37; KM-A20.7; CT-unl. 26.7 grams. Choice specimen with full inner details on both sides: full pillars with full crown and HP monogram, P-8-E across top (with dots below P and E, first we have seen), E-52-P across bottom, full PERV and (P)OTOSI in legend; full shield-castles-lions with bold A-P-8 to left and O-E-52 to right, nearly full king’s name and ordinal in legend; 2 hairline edge-splits but no corrosion and beautifully toned all over. Estimate: $500-$750.

547. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type VII/A. S-P37; KM-A20.7; CT-unl. 26.8 grams. Solid specimen with very light surface corrosion only, full pillars with bold HP at top above P-8-E, E-52-P across bottom; full crown and shield with A-P-8 to left and O-E-52 to right; lightly brown-toned on fields, 2 hairline edge-splits. Estimate: $350-$500.

548. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type VII/B, rare (unlisted in Janson). S-P37; KM-unl; CT-unl. 22.8 grams. Worn from corrosion and with much flatness but with clear HP above one full pillar, bold P at bottom-right and clear date in legend; full but crude cross with P to left, lightly toned all over. Estimate: $350-$500.

549. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type VII/B, rare (unlisted in Janson). S-P37; KM-unl; CT-unl. 22.9 grams. Bold details but corroded around the edge on both sides, with full HP above pillars with P-8-(E ) across top and E-(52)-P across bottom, bold (16)52 date in legend; full cross with bold P to left and E to right, most of king’s name; all lightly brown-toned. Estimate: $300-$450.

550. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E transitional Type VIII/A. S-P37; KM-A20.8; CT-433. 20.6 grams. Bold full pillars side (slightly doubled) with 1-PH-6 above pillars, P-8-E across top, E-52-P across bottom, full POTOSÍ in legend; full but doubled shield with A-P-8 to left and O-E-52 to right, full crown above; a bit worn from corrosion but with nicely contrasting toning. Estimate: $350-$500.

551. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1652E transitional, UNLISTED Type with E in center above waves, unique and choice. S-P37; KM-unl; CT-unl. 13.3 grams. Large oval flan with very well-detailed full inner details and most of legends, including: full pillars with F-4-IIII across top and E-E-E across bottom (a variety that is unlisted in all references, including Janson), full PERV and POTOSÍ and 165 of date in legend; full crown and shield with A-P-4 (rotated) to left and O-E-52 to right, king’s ordinal IIII in legend; all deeply toned and corrosion-free, a premium specimen any way you look at it! Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

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or call (407) 975-3325

126

552. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1652E transitional, McLean Type II, rare variety with rotated 4’s. Janson-19.1.4; S-P37; CT-unl. 11.4 grams. Bold full pillars (fat) with F-4-IIII across top and E-4-E across bottom, both 4’s bold and clearly rotated clockwise 90 degrees (sometimes called “backwards,” which would appear the same but is an impossibility for a die-punch); the cross-lions-castles is also full, with bold P to left and E to right, with weaker date below; light surface corrosion only, very solid and well struck for the type (nicely centered), with toning in crevices. Estimate: $600-$900.553. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1652E transitional, McLean Type I. Janson-20.1.2; S-P37; CT-894. 6.4 grams. Solid but lightly corroded specimen with off-center pillars showing (F)-(2)-IIII across top and (E )-2-E across bottom; good full shield with (A)-(P)-(2) to right and O-E-52 to left, king’s ordinal in legend, mostly toned. Estimate: $150-$225.554. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1652E transitional, McLean Type V. S-P37; KM-unl; CT-1050. 4.0 grams. Solid coin with minimal corrosion and nice toning (its low weight inexplicable), with just the tops of the pillars showing (off-center strike) but with bold IIII to right at top and clear • in bottom-center, also well-detailed full crown; nearly full cross with assayer E to right. Estimate: $100-$150.

557. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, unlisted variety with PH at top and full 4-digit date below cross. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 26.4 grams. This appears to be a mule of Janson-23.1.2 (4-digit date) and 23.1.3 (PH instead of 1-PH-6), with bold and full PH, 2 assayers, full motto and partial second date in legend on pillars side, bold 4-digit date below full but partially flat cross with bold •E• to right, light surface corrosion and good toning, edge-crack. Estimate: $300-$450.

558. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 24.1 grams. Bold date between nearly full pillars, good full cross with full second date below, 3 mintmarks, much flatness but minimal corrosion, toned on fields, edge-split. With certificate from the salvagers, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection, our Auction #6, lot 367. Estimate: $250-$375.

Potosí pillars-and-waves

555. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E post-transitional (Type VIII/B), 1-PH-6 at top, rare error with upside-down A for V in motto. Janson-18•8•5; S-P37a; KM-21. 22.2 grams. Choice full cross with nearly full legends on that side, the pillars side also well detailed but slightly doubled, some minor surface corrosion (unfortunately right on the date above the waves), nice brown toning all over. Estimate: $200-$300.

556. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-436. 25.5 grams. Solid coin with bold details enhance by contrasting toning (minimal corrosion), the full pillars side with 2 clear dates and assayers, full but doubled cross with P to left, E to right and date below. Pedigreed to the Ponterio “La Capitana” sale of April 10,1999, with lot-tag #316. Estimate: $400-$600.

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559. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 20.9 grams. Bold and well-centered full pillars and cross, the •PH• particularly bold, with 3 assayers and date, 2 mintmarks, nearly full king’s name and ordinal, good brown toning but lightly corroded all over. Estimate: $200-$300.

560. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 25.3 grams. Good full cross, full crown above full but somewhat weak pillars, all well centered, 2 dates and mintmarks, 3 assayers, light surface corrosion only with dark sediment in crevices. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

561. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 19.8 grams. Moderately corroded all over but with full motto and bold mintmarks on pillars side, bold .E. on cross side, good toning. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

562. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •P(H•) at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 22.7 grams. Nearly full pillars with bold assayer and date but no peripheral detail (flat), the cross also nearly full but peripherally flat, with bold full .E., no visible corrosion but underweight, lightly brown-toned all over. Estimate: $150-$225.

563. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 19.8 grams. Bold full pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles with minor doubling, 2 dates and mintmarks and assayers, lightly corroded all over, nicely brown-toned. Estimate: $150-$225.

564. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 22.3 grams. Bold •PH•, denomination •8• with • above, and date on pillars side; cross side with bold .E. assayer and king’s ordinal in legend; otherwise somewhat weak from corrosion and flatness, also very slightly bent, but with toning around details. With original Herman Moro certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

565. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 27.2 grams. Nice full waves, full but doubled cross, but crudely struck (much flatness) and with surface corrosion all over, which means it must have been overweight when struck. Estimate: $125-$200.

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566. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-438. 19.2 grams. Well-centered pillars-and-waves with 2 dates, slightly off-center full cross with third date and bold king’s ordinal IIII in legend, moderately corroded all over, toned. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

567. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-438. 21.1 grams. Oval flan with choice full cross (very well detailed), full but corroded pillars, 3 dates, 2 assayers and mintmarks, darkly toned. Estimate: $150-$225.

568. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1652E (post-transitional), (1)-PH-6 at top with P punched over H, rare. Janson-19.2.2; S-P37a; KM-18. 10.2 grams. Full (fat) pillars with bold full motto, date, assayer, mintmark and PH (also nice crown), full but double-struck and off-center cross, solid (minimal corrosion) and with dark, contrasting sediment around details. Interestingly, this overall type was unknown until the Ponterio Capitana auction, prior to which it was only a “hypothetical” Type III in McLean. Pedigreed to the Ponterio “La Capitana” sale of April 10,1999, with lot-tag #271. Estimate: $275-$400.569. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1653/2E, (1-PH)-6 at top, rare. S-P37a; KM-unl; CT-unl. 11.8 grams. Roundish flan with bold, fat pillars, clear overdate, full but corroded cross with second date below, 3 assayers, lightly brown-toned fields. Estimate: $200-$300.570. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1653E, PH at top, rotated-4 denomination. Janson-24.1.3; S-P37a; KM-18. 13.2 grams. Broad flan with light surface corrosion and minimal contrast, the cross-lions-castles and pillars-and-waves both full, well centered and well detailed, bold king’s ordinal IIII in legend, small edge-split. Estimate: $250-$375.

571. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1653E, (•P)H(•) at top, rotated-4 denomination. S-P37a; KM-18; CT-741. 10.1 grams. Crude surface corrosion and toning but with clear details, including 2 dates, assayer and curious denomination. Estimate: $150-$225.572. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-18; CT-742. 13.3 grams. Choice full details on both sides, including full pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, all 3 dates and mintmarks and assayers, bold •PH•, attractively toned and corrosion-free. Pedigreed to the Ponterio “La Capitana” sale of April 10,1999, with lot-tag #297. Estimate: $300-$450.573. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-18; CT-742. 8.4 grams. Broad flan but with much thinning from corrosion, bold full pillars, full but doubled cross, 3 bold assayers, brown-toned fields. Estimate: $150-$225.

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Spain574. Spain (mint uncertain), cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible, very rare mint for this wreck. 19.4 grams. Thick flan but corroded and worn, still with full and recognizable shield and cross. Estimate: $100-$150.

Unidentified mid-1600s wreck off Cape May, NJ

575. Flanders, Spanish Netherlands, portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1655. KM-50. 32.4 grams. Choice specimen (and unique provenance), with full inner details and bold full legends, somewhat silvery but virtually uncorroded and with spots of colorful toning. Found with a slave bracelet (“manila”) and therefore probably from a slave ship in the Atlantic triangular trade between Africa and the British colonies. Estimate: $200-$300.

Maravillas, sunk in 1656 off Grand Bahama IslandMexico

576. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (165)4P. S-M19; KM-45; CT-360. 24.9 grams. Full 4 of date and bold full oMP and denomination 8 flanking full shield, full but corroded cross, darkly toned. With Sedwick certificate from 2005. Estimate: $200-$300.577. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1654P. S-M19; KM-45; CT-360. 21.8 grams. Bold full oMP and 8 flanking full but somewhat weak shield, bottom half of all 4 digits of date, nearly full cross (some flatness), good toning, light surface corrosion only. With original certificate from the salvagers and modern photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.578. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)55(P). S-M19; KM-45; CT-362. 25.9 grams. Very crude flan (weird shape with uneven thickness, folded-over metal at edge), still with clear date, full crown, most of shield and cross, and apparently corrosion-free, also lightly toned. With Marex tag #91-8R-1704. Estimate: $200-$300.

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579. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1655P. S-M19; KM-45; CT-362. 26.7 grams. Typical barrel-shape with bold date and oMP and denomination 8, full but weak shield and cross due to uneven thickness (including 2 strange arc-shaped pits on cross), light surface corrosion only, mostly toned. With Marex tag #91-8R-1651. Estimate: $150-$225.

580. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1655P. S-M19; KM-45; CT-362. 20.0 grams. Moderately to heavily corroded but with full date and oMP, also full shield and cross, squarish flan, toned all over. Estimate: $125-$200.

Potosí shield-type

581. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 165(0-1)O, with crowned-L countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b. 24.6 grams. Choice bold strike with full and well-centered shield and cross, full countermark, full crown, 2 assayers, some legend despite corrosion around edge, contrastingly toned fields. Estimate: $350-$500.

582. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1650-1)O, with crowned-.F. countermark on shield. S-P35; KM-19b. 26.2 grams. Broad flan with peripheral flatness but corrosion only near edge on reverse, bold cross and shield (both nearly full) with strong countermark and mintmark. With Marex tag #91-8R-0526. Estimate: $200-$300.

583. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(51)O, with crowned-O countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-510. 17.7 grams. Thin from corrosion but with full and well-detailed shield and cross-lions-castles, lightly toned all over. With Marex (Humphreys) certificate #91-8R-1153. Estimate: $150-$225.

584. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (165)1O, with crowned-.F. countermark on shield. S-P35; KM-19b; CT-510. 20.5 grams. Super full countermark (very bold) and king’s ordinal IIII, good full shield and cross, with patchy dark toning and lightly corroded all over. With Marex (Humphreys) certificate #91-8R-0896. Estimate: $150-$225.

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585. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)651E, with crowned-O countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b; CT-511. 25.0 grams. Choice, uncorroded specimen with full but slightly off-center and slightly doubled shield and cross, bold 8-E and king’s name and ordinal, bold full countermark, hairline edge-split. With Marex tag #91-8R-0098. Estimate: $400-$600.

586. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 165(1-2)E, with crowned-L countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b. 24.7 grams. A little rough around the edge from corrosion but still solid and with full shield and cross, bold countermark, nearly full king’s name and ordinal, very light toning. With Marex tag #91-8R-0351. Estimate: $300-$450.

587. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with crowned-.F. countermark on shield. S-P36; KM-19b. 27.5 grams. Totally corrosion-free and solid, also nicely toned all over, and with full shield, countermark, denomination, king’s name and cross, but with somewhat crude edge as split several times. With Marex tag #91-8R-0250. Estimate: $200-$300.

588. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with arms countermark on cross. S-P36; KM-19b. 27.3 grams. Squarish flan with good full shield and cross (both slightly doubled), bold 8-E to right, nice steel-gray toning, no corrosion except on edge. With Marex tag #91-8R-0562. Estimate: $200-$300.

589. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 16(51-2)E, with crowned-.F. countermark on shield. S-P36; KM-19b. 20.7 grams. Thin from corrosion but with choice full cross-lions-castles, full but slightly doubled shield with clear countermark, good toning. With Marex (Humphreys) certificate #91-8R-1129. Estimate: $150-$225.

590. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1651-2)E, with crowned-.F. countermark on shield. S-P36; KM-19b. 20.4 grams. Nice full cross and shield, the latter with bold countermark, light to moderate corrosion, good toning except for some dark patches. With Marex (Humphreys) certificate #91-8R-848. Estimate: $150-$225.

591. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, (1649)O, with crowned-L countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-17b; CT-731. 11.5 grams. Bold full countermark but host coin rather crude (mostly flat), with small edge-split and spotty toning but not too much corrosion. Estimate: $150-$225.

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Potosí pillars-and-waves

596. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1654P. S-M19; KM-45; CT-360. 13.7 grams. Bold full oMP and date, choice full cross, nearly full shield, solid and uncorroded, also attractively toned. With Western Australian Museum certificate and tags #4019. Estimate: $250-$275.

592. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E post-transitional (transitional Type VIII/B), 1-PH-6 at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-434. 27.3 grams. Good full cross with bold king’s ordinal, full but partially flat pillars-and-waves with bold 1-PH-6, 3 dates and assayers, nice toning, minimal corrosion. With generic certificate. Estimate: $500-$750.593. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-438. 25.4 grams. Bold full cross and pillars (the latter slightly doubled), 3 dates and mintmarks, 2 bold assayers, bold •PH•, full POTOSÍ, lightly toned and nearly corrosion-free. With Marex (Humphreys) certificate #91-8R-0705. Estimate: $250-$375.594. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-438. 26.0 grams. Good full cross (slightly doubled) with bold date below, full but slightly off-center and slightly doubled pillars, light toning and minor surface corrosion. With Marex (Humphreys) certificate #91-8R-1261. Estimate: $200-$300.

Vergulde Draeck (“Gilt Dragon”), sunk in 1656 off Western Australia

595. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer F. 26.0 grams. Choice specimen with bold full oMP and king’s ordinal III, also full shield, full but lightly corroded cross, richly toned all over. With original Western Australian Museum certificate #3989. Estimate: $500-$750.

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or call (407) 975-3325

Please place absentee bids atwww.auction.sedwickcoins.com

(use the bid sheet at the end of thiscatalog for fax or mail bids)

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“Jupiter wreck” (San Miguel el Arcángel), sunk in 1659 off the east coast of Florida

599. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1658P. S-M19; KM-45; CT-366. 24.2 grams. Barrel-shaped flan of uneven thickness, bold oMP, full but partially flat shield and cross, silvery all over (no toning), light surface corrosion. With Florida Division of Historical Resources plastic tag (yellow) #19,364. Estimate: $150-$225.

600. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P. S-M19; KM-45. 23.2 grams. Interesting shape (mostly round but with a point), with nice full cross, full but off-center shield with bold oMP, low in contrast but mostly uncorroded. With Florida Division of Historical Resources plastic tag (yellow) #20,318 and original certificate from salvager Allan Gardner. Estimate: $175-$250.

Mexico

597. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1654P. S-M19; KM-45; CT-360. 27.5 grams. Solid flan, with surface corrosion only, but with much flatness, still with full oMP and shield and cross, full 165 of date but edge-split on the 4, lightly toned. With Sedwick certificate from 2005. Estimate: $150-$225.

598. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1655(P). S-M19; KM-45; CT-362. 23.4 grams. Bold full date and mintmark, full cross and shield but peripheries flat, some moderate surface corrosion, nicely toned, small cut in edge (as made). Estimate: $200-$300.

Lima

601. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, “Star of Lima,” 1659V, rare. S-L5; KM-18.1; CT-262. 19.8 grams. Bold and well-centered strike, with full pillars-and-waves and crown and cross-lions-castles, •V• to left and •8• to right of pillars with large star above LIMA above the date in between, contrastingly toned, but moderately corroded all over. With Florida Division of Historical Resources plastic tag (yellow) #13,180. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

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Mixed mints

605. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1655E, PH at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-439. 24.5 grams. Solid and roundish flan but somewhat crudely struck and with light surface corrosion, still with full pillars-and-waves, off-center cross, 2-1/2 dates, patchy toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

606. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1655E, PH at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-439. 27.6 grams. Very light surface corrosion but full weight, full but partially flat pillars and cross, bold PH, spotty toning. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

602. Lot of 2 cob 8R of Philip IV: Mexico, assayer not visible; and Potosí 1655(E). 42.8 grams total. Corroded but with clear details (shield and cross on the Mexican coin and cross and pillars-and-waves with bold date on the Potosí coin). One with Florida Division of Historical Resources plastic tag (yellow) #10,565. Estimate: $200-$300.

Potosí

603. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1652E post-transitional (transitional Type VIII/B), 1-PH-6 at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-434. 26.5 grams. Choice bold details on both sides (no corrosion, contrastingly toned), but somewhat double-struck, with full pillars-and-waves and cross, 2 bold dates and mintmarks. Estimate: $350-$500.

604. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-438. 21.4 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves (somewhat Royal-like), the cross full too but somewhat corroded, brown-toned fields all over, 2 dates. Estimate: $250-$375.

607. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1656E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-440. 24.6 grams. Good full cross-lions-castles with date below, full pillars-and-waves with second date inside and bold full 16(5)6 in legend, 3 assayers, light surface corrosion, contrasting brown sediment on fields. Estimate: $250-$375.

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608. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1658E, pomegranate above cross. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-446. 25.9 grams. Crude strike with large flat areas but 2 bold dates and 3 bold mintmarks, bold full waves, one lion and one castle full, roundish flan with corrosion only on edge, toned around details. With Florida Division of Historical Resources plastic tag (yellow) #18,596. Estimate: $200-$300.609. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1658E, pomegranate above cross. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-446. 23.9 grams. Good full cross and pillars-and-waves despite moderate surface corrosion, 3 dates and assayers, toned. With certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.610. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1658E, pomegranate above cross. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-446. 17.3 grams. Heavily corroded but with clear full pillars-and-waves and cross, 2 dates, edge-split, toned. With Florida Division of Historical Resources tag #19,390. Estimate: $100-$150.

612. Lot of 5 Potosí, Bolivia, silver cobs of Philip IV: two 8R, one 4R and two 2R. 65.1 grams total. Decent lot consisting of one shield-type 2R and four pillars-and-waves cobs (8R 1653E and 1655E; 4R 1653E; and 2R 1653E), all somewhat corroded but with clear details and generally contrasting toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

611. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1654E and 1656E. S-P37a; KM-21. 39.2 grams total. Corroded but with clear crosses and pillars and bold dates, toned on fields. Estimate: $200-$300.

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613. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1654E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-18; CT-742. 11.4 grams. Broad flan but thin from corrosion, bold PH, 2 dates, brown-toned fields, edge-split and old scratch on left pillar. Estimate: $300-$450.

616. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer P, scarce provenance. S-M19; KM-33. 6.6 grams. Solid and uncorroded but darkly toned all over (no contrast), full shield and cross, discernible oMP. With Sedwick certificate from 2006. Estimate: $100-$150.

614. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1658E. S-P37a; KM-18; CT-750. 10.7 grams. Full and well-centered pillars and cross-lions-castles, both well detailed, all 3 dates and mintmarks and assayers, nicely toned all over, but moderately corroded, still almost Royal-like in detail and shape. With Florida Division of Historical Resources plastic (yellow) tag #19,517. Estimate: $100-$150.

Bogotá

615. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 4 reales, 1657, assayer P°R, very rare. Restrepo-M38-12; S-B7; CT-unl. 8.1 grams. Choice details despite moderate corrosion, including full pillars with NRo mintmark in between and vertical date to right and PLVS / VL at top, full shield-castles-lions with vertical denomination IIII to left (note that Restrepo’s example shows the denomination to the right), king’s ordinal IIII in legend, nicely contrasting toning. Pedigreed to the Louis Ullian collection and our Auction #2, with lot-tag #91. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

Unidentified ca.-1667 wreck off Sicily, Italy

617. Tassarollo, Italian States, luigino, 1666-A. KM-52.1. 2.1 grams. Choice full detail on both sides, which consists of a portrait of the ruler’s wife on obverse and three fleurs-de-lis in a crowned shield on the reverse (modeled after a popular French coin of the time), attractively rainbow-toned and corrosion-free. With certificate. Estimate: $60-$90.

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Unidentified ca.-1671 wreck in Seville harbor

621. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1665E, 3 full dates (rare thus). S-P37a; KM-21; CT-454. 24.0 grams. Off-center strike on a broad, thin flan, with a full 4-digit date in the legend as a result, also full king’s name and ordinal, part of edge upturned, toned around details, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $250-$375.

622. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1667E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-342. 23.9 grams. Crudely worn and darkly toned (not much contrast) but with clear date and assayer, light corrosion. Estimate: $125-$200.

623. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1668E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-343. 26.4 grams. Well-centered full cross and pillars, the latter slightly doubled, with 2 dates and assayers and much of king’s name and ordinal, no corrosion but much flatness, toned around details. Estimate: $250-$375.

618. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1653E, •PH• at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-437. 26.3 grams. Bold but off-center pillars-and-waves with 2 dates, full but weak cross, darkly toned all over, worn but not overly corroded. Estimate: $250-$375.

619. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1658E, pomegranate above cross. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-446. 27.3 grams. Very darkly toned (as found), with full but slightly doubled pillars and cross, 3 dates, 2 mintmarks and assayers, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

620. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1663E, rare. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-452. 23.8 grams. Good but slightly doubled full cross and pillars, the latter with bold date, minimal corrosion, dark toning around details. Estimate: $250-$375.

624. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1668E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-343. 27.3 grams. Darkly toned and crudely struck (much flatness) but no corrosion, 2 dates (one bold) and assayers, full pillars, doubled cross. Estimate: $200-$300.

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625. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1669E, 2 bold dates on pillars side (rare thus). S-P37b; KM-26; CT-344. 26.7 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves with bold 69 in between and 669 in legend, full and well-centered cross, lightly toned and corrosion-free but with prominent edge-crack. Estimate: $250-$375.

626. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1669E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-344. 26.8 grams. Well-centered full pillars with bold date and well-detailed full crown, full but partially corroded cross with second date below, bold king’s ordinal II, lightly toned all over. Estimate: $250-$375.

627. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1669E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-344. 26.0 grams. Full and well-centered pillars with clear date and mintmark and assayer, weaker off-center cross with full crown, toned around details, uncorroded. Estimate: $250-$375.

628. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1669E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-344. 19.8 grams. Well-centered full pillars-and-waves with bold date in between and second date in legend, messily doubled cross, darkly toned and lightly to moderately corroded all over. With 2001 photo-certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

629. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1670E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-345. 24.8 grams. Full 4-digit date in legend (rare thus), bold full pillars-and-waves, weak and lightly corroded cross, darkly toned around details. Estimate: $250-$375.

630. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1671E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-346. 25.7 grams. Choice specimen on a roundish flan with all 3 dates and mintmarks and assayers, full cross and nearly full pillars (slightly doubled), lightly toned, no corrosion. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $250-$375.

631. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1671E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-346. 25.8 grams. Bold but doubled full pillars-and-waves, full but peripherally weak cross, edge-splits, darkly toned around details. Estimate: $250-$375.

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Consolación, sunk in 1681 off Santa Clara Island, Ecuador

635. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-354. 14.5 grams. Thin from heavy corrosion but with full pillars-and-waves and cross, 2 dates, nicely toned. Estimate: $150-$225.

636. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679C. S-P38; KM-26; CT-357. 22.8 grams. Full but doubled pillars-and-waves with clear date and assayer, nearly full but crude cross due to surface corrosion, all a bit thin and worn but with good toning. With certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

637. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cobs: 8R 1679(V or C) and 2R 1670(E). KM-26. 18.6 grams total. Both corroded, the 8R worn and scratched, the 2R very thin, but interesting in that the 8R certificate says “Santa Cruz” and the 4R tag says “Isla de Muerto Shipwreck,” as both were marketed before the name of the wreck was known. With Sedwick certificate from 1997 (8R) and HRR tag #02411 (4R). Estimate: $100-$150.

632. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1675E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-350. 13.0 grams. Bold date above full waves between full pillars, otherwise somewhat featureless due to heavy corrosion and thinning. With ROBCAR photo-certificate #830563. Estimate: $125-$200.

633. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1676E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-351. 14.8 grams. Full pillars with bold date, cross very weak due to heavy corrosion and thinning. With ROBCAR photo-certificate #830663. Estimate: $125-$200.

634. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1678E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-354. 20.3 grams. Full pillars-and-waves with bold E and clear date, most of cross, toned but moderately corroded. With certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

638. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1658E. S-P37a; KM-18; CT-750. 10.6 grams. Oval flan with full cross and pillars-and-waves, bold POTO(SI) in legend, thin from corrosion but toned around details. With Sedwick certificate from 2002. Estimate: $100-$150.

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639. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1679(V), encapsulated ANACS G 4, with name of wreck stated in slab. S-P39; KM-25; CT-

506. Full and well-centered cross, 2 bold dates, but crudely corroded. Estimate: $100-$150.640. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1672E, encapsulated ANACS VF 20, with name of wreck stated in slab. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-599. Bold pillars with full date and assayer, bold full cross on other side, some peripheral flatness but minimal corrosion, toned around details. Estimate: $100-$150.641. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1664E, encapsulated ANACS VF 25, with name of wreck stated in the slab. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1064. Very sharply detailed and well centered on a small, round flan, with all 3 mintmarks and assayers, 2 dates, full pillars and cross, toned fields, lightly corroded. Estimate: $70-$100.642. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1667E, encapsulated ANACS F 12, with name of wreck stated in slab. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-703. Odd-shaped flan with good full cross, full pillars-and-waves, 2 dates and assayers, all a bit off-center, with light corrosion all over. Estimate: $60-$90.

643. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1667E, encapsulated ANACS F 12, with name of wreck stated in slab. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-703.

Good full pillars, most of cross, much flatness but not overly corroded. Estimate: $60-$90.644. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1672E, encapsulated ANACS F 12, with name of wreck stated in slab. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-708.

One full pillar with clear date, nearly full cross, lightly worn and corroded. Estimate: $60-$90.645. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1674E, encapsulated ANACS F 12, with name of wreck stated in slab. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-710.

Full pillars-and-waves with 2 clear dates due to poor centering, nearly full cross, lightly corroded. Estimate: $60-$90.646. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-713. 2.7 grams. Broad flan with slightly crude edge, full pillars-and-waves and cross, 2 dates, toned but moderately corroded. Estimate: $60-$90.647. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1678E, encapsulated ANACS VF 20, with name of wreck stated in slab. S-P37b; KM-23; CT-714. Good full pillars-and-waves with bold date, assayer and mintmark, good but off-center cross, still corroded but more solid than most. Estimate: $70-$100.

Joanna, sunk in 1682 off South Africa

648. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1681L. S-M21; KM-46; CT-281. 25.0 grams. Curious shape with flat bottom and tapering top, bold full 168 of date, full oML, nearly full cross, with toned but lightly corroded surfaces. Estimate: $175-$250.

649. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer L. S-M21; KM-46. 23.9 grams. Good full shield with clear oML to left, bold and nearly full cross, typically rectangular flan with surface corrosion, light toning. With generic certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.

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650. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, silver cobs of Charles II: one 4R with loop and jump-ring at top and one 2R. 16.0 grams

total. Thin and corroded but with good crosses. Estimate: $60-$90.

652. Surat, India (Mughal Empire), rupee, Aurangzeb (1658-1707), AH1113 (1702), mounted in 14K gold pendant with cabochon tiger’s eye at bottom. 15.2 grams total. Choice, uncorroded with not even a trace of wear, beautiful toning, the pendant with scimitars on side and swivel bale at top. With original certificate. Estimate: $350-$500.653. Surat, India (Mughal Empire), rupee, Aurangzeb (1658-1707), AH1113 (1702). 11.3 grams. Solid specimen with dark spots and sediment in centers, minimal corrosion. With certificate and promotional material from the salvagers, plus a small card that says “From Carl Fismer / Handed to me in person.” Estimate: $250-$375.

Aguila Volante, sunk in 1701 off Punta Santa Elena, Ecuador

651. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1692VR, extremely rare provenance. S-P40; KM-24; CT-623. 5.7 grams. Choice full pillars with complete interior details, nearly full but somewhat crude cross, attractive shape and beautifully toned, but best aspect is its certified provenance, which is probably the same ca.-1700 wreck off Punta Santa Elena that has produced 8R and even Cuzco 2E cobs. With photo-certificate from the conservator (Joel Ruth). Estimate: $250-$375.

“Taj Mahal treasure,” sunk ca. 1702 off Sri Lanka

654. Surat, India (Mughal Empire), rupee, Aurangzeb (1658-1707), AH1113 (1702). 10.8 grams. One side pristine, the other very lightly corroded, but both sides bold and the whole piece very solid and attractively toned. Estimate: $200-$300.

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Merestein, sunk in 1702 off South Africa

Association, sunk in 1707 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England

655. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1648. KM-72.1. 19.2 grams. Choice full obverse details, including legends, but corroded reverse and thin overall, nicely toned. With certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.656. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1662. KM-72.1. 31.1 grams. Broad flan with bold full legends (especially the obverse), attractively toned, light corrosion. With Carl Fismer certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.657. Lot of 5 Dutch small-denomination coins (schellings and stuivers), various mints and dates. 18.7 grams total. Nicely detailed and minimally corroded specimens with good toning, mostly thin and broad flans, various designs issued by Spanish and United Netherlands. Estimate: $60-$90.

658. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1695VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT-381. 19.6 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves with full inner details on that side, full but corroded cross with bold king’s ordinal in legend, 2 dates, 3 assayers and mintmarks, nicely toned. With certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.659. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1699F. S-P42; KM-26; CT-388. 25.3 grams. Thick and solid “chunky” flan with choice full pillars-and-waves and cross-lions-castles, 2 bold dates and mintmarks and assayers, well centered and attractively toned, just light surface corrosion. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.660. London, England, crown, William III (first bust), 1696. Sp-3470; KM-486. 29.2 grams. Bold full details, practically uncorroded but somewhat circulated (VF), with nice toning on fields, very nice quality for this wreck. With generic certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $175-$250.

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661. London, England, 1/2 crown, William III and Mary II, 1689, first reverse, rare. Sp-3434; KM-472.1. 13.6 grams. Well detailed as nearly corrosion-free (just a little worn), good toning, crude but original box. With original certificate and wooden box with name of ship in brass plaque on top. Estimate: $200-$300.662. London, England, 1/2 crown, William III, 1696, small shields. Sp-3475; KM-491.13. 14.2 grams. Solid and uncorroded, with full details, lightly toned but somewhat polished. With certificate #17650 from the salvagers. Estimate: $75-$110.663. London, England, shilling, William III (first bust), 1697. Sp-3497; KM-485.1. 5.9 grams. Bold full details, uncorroded and lightly toned, just a bit polished. With certificate #17649 from the salvagers. Estimate: $60-$90.664. York, England, sixpence, William III, 1696-y. Sp-3525; KM-485.6. 2.6 grams. Lightly corroded all over but with clear details, no contrast, one dark spot. Estimate: $50-$75.

DeLiefde, sunk in 1711 off the Shetland Isles, north of Scotland

665. Set of 3 Dutch coins in promotional case: one gold ducat 1711 Utrecht, one portrait ducatoon 1651 Brabant (Antwerp), and one “rider” ducatoon 1711 Utrecht. 9-1/4” x 6-1/4”. The usual promotional set for this wreck, with good coins, as follows: ducat is crude UNC with weakness around edge but good knight’s head, slightly wavy flan; portrait ducatoon is fully detailed and corrosion-free but with edge-split and stress lines on bust; and “rider” ducatoon is deeply toned, corrosion-free and well detailed but just a little worn. Housed in a glass-lidded case with ship name and vignette engraved in wood inside. Estimate: $600-$900.

666. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1711. KM-83.1. 31.9 grams. Choice full details on both sides enhanced by darkly toned fields, very light surface corrosion only, very impressive overall. With certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

667. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1711. KM-83.1. 30.7 grams. Light to moderate surface corrosion but all details still clear and the flan intact. Estimate: $80-$120.

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Feversham, sunk in 1711 off Nova Scotia, Canada

672. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (style of L, 1702-1705). S-M21a; KM-47. 21.1 grams. Good full shield with bold -PVS.V (king’s name and ordinal) in legend at bottom, full cross, light surface corrosion all over but with nicely contrasting toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

673. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1714(J). S-M22; KM-47; CT-743. 24.5 grams. Interesting shape, but best feature is the full and bold date, as almost all the rest of the coin is flat (as made), with only light corrosion, good toning. From the Corrigans site, with Fisher photo-certificate #100221. Estimate: $350-$500.

668. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1706R. S-L16; KM-31; CT-1480. 1.6 grams. Good full pillars and cross (the latter off-center) on a smallish (possibly clipped) flan with light corrosion all over, contrastingly toned, 3 assayers, scarce provenance. Pedigreed to the Coin Galleries auction of July, 1994, with lot-tag #2995, and with prior lot tag from England (Dolphin). Estimate: $70-$100.669. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1677E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-605. 3.1 grams. Bold denomination and assayer, double-struck on both sides, corroded and darkly toned, scarce provenance. With generic certificate. Estimate: $80-$120.670. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales: 1670E; and Philip V assayer Y (date not visible). 10.5 grams total. Both somewhat corroded but with good details, the 1670 with 2 dates and assayers, lightly toned, scarce provenance. The Philip V coin pedigreed to the Coin Galleries auction of July, 1994, with lot-tag #2976. Estimate: $125-$200.

Spanish 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida

Mexico

671. Complete Mexico City, Mexico, silver denomination set of 8-4-2-1-1/2 reales (5 coins), all Philip V, in a custom box. 9-1/4” x 8-1/2”. The coins all silvery and somewhat corroded (the smallest 3 rather thin) but all with clear crosses and shields (monogram, in the case of the 1/2 real), in a very elegant presentation. Housed in a custom hinged-wood box with plastic capsules for each coin above engraved plaques. Estimate: $275-$400.

Please visit our website atwww.SedwickCoins.com or watch and bid LIVE at www.auction.sedwickcoins.com

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674. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (17)14J. S-M22; KM-47; CT-743. 25.2 grams. Solid and uncorroded flan with bold oMJ, good full cross and nice toning, but much flatness as usual, also a cool rectangular shape. Estimate: $150-$225.

675. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (1)715(J). S-M22; KM-47; CT-744. 25.8 grams. Solid flan, almost totally uncorroded but with extensive flatness (as made), still with clear date, most of crown and cross, good toning. Estimate: $500-$750.

676. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (171)5(?)(J). S-M22; KM-47; CT-744. 23.7 grams. Bold full shield and crown and denomination despite corrosion, bottom tail only of last digit of date, cross side mostly flat (as made), toned fields. Estimate: $200-$300.

677. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, uncleaned “greenie” (encrusted with shell bits, as found), with hand-signed Fisher certificate. KM-47. 25.4 grams. Rectangular flan with most of cross and shield peeking through mostly green encrustation, the rest of the coin dark, with brown highlights. With Treasure Salvors certificate from 1967, hand-signed by Mel Fisher. Estimate: $200-$300.

678. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, uncleaned “greenie” (encrusted with shell bits, as found). KM-47. 26.3 grams. Very interesting shape (impossible to describe), with just enough shield-side details showing to identify the king, the cross side loaded with encrustation and shells but also with natural pit (bubble in the metal) in center, very solid overall. From the Hurricane Jeanne find of 2004, with photo-certificate from the finder. Estimate: $200-$300.

679. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, uncleaned “greenie” (encrusted with shell bits, as found). KM-47. 25.3 grams. Long, rectangular flan with LOTS of shell bits and orange encrustation, the only part of the design visible being the king’s ordinal V. With Fisher certificate #1715-034. Estimate: $200-$300.

Want to see your collection sold like this? Consign to our Treasure and World Coin

Auction #13 (sping, 2013).

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680. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J, ex-Ullian. S-M22; KM-47. 25.9 grams. Neat shape and very solid (uncorroded), with bold oMJ next to off-center shield, well-centered cross but with 4 very strange, deep punchmarks (prior to salvage) on that side, mostly darkly toned. With Real Eight Co. photo-certificate signed by Lou Ullian. Estimate: $150-$225.

681. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J). S-M22; KM-47. 21.7 grams. Very long, thin flan with most of cross, crown and shield visible, the last-mentioned of a distinctively small design, light corrosion, mostly toned. Estimate: $150-$225.

682. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J). S-M22; KM-47. 26.8 grams. Classic “wristwatch” shape, solid and full weight despite light surface corrosion (some “horn” silver), darkly toned, most of shield and crown and cross. Estimate: $125-$200.

683. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 23.4 grams. Long, somewhat rectangular flan with nearly full shield and cross despite light surface corrosion, well-toned fields. Estimate: $100-$150.

684. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 21.8 grams. Full crown and bold denomination, most of cross, crude edge (as made), light corrosion only. From the Corrigans wreck site, with Cobb Coin Co. (Fisher) certificate #19528. Estimate: $60-$90.685. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayers J or not visible. KM-47. 110.7 grams total. Lightly to moderately corroded coins but all with at least most of shield and cross, one with full oMJ, most toned. With certificates #10458-62 from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.686. Lot of 4 Mexico City, Mexico, cobs of Philip V, assayers not visible (two 8R and two 4R). 58.1 grams total. Moderate to heavy corrosion but both 8R still solid (one with nice cross, the other deeply rainbow-toned), all with original tags. With Cobb Coin Co. (Fisher) certificates #22633, 22759, 22872 and 23316. Estimate: $250-$375.

687. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1713(J), full date (rare), ex-Ullian. S-M22; KM-40; CT-1018. 13.3 grams. Somewhat octagonal flan with full cross and most of shield, but best feature is the 100% full and bold date, minimal corrosion. With original Real Eight Co. certificate hand-signed by Lou Ullian. Estimate: $250-$375.

147

688. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, (17)14(J). S-M22; KM-40; CT-1019. 12.5 grams. Choice full crown and 4 of date, good full cross, most of shield, toned all over, minimal corrosion. With Fisher (Cobb Coin Co.) photo-certificate #LLCC-224. Estimate: $200-$300.689. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, (17)14(J). S-M22; KM-40; CT-1019. 12.4 grams. Somewhat crude in strike and corrosion (still solid, with “horn” silver on cross), but with full 4 of date and most of mintmark, toned all over. With Fisher (Cobb Coin Co.) photo-certificate #LLCC-222. Estimate: $200-$300.690. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1714J. S-M22; KM-40; CT-1019. 10.4 grams. Full oMJ and most of date and cross, moderately corroded and somewhat silvery. With certificate #10463 from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.

691. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, 1715J, rare. S-M22; KM-40; CT-1020. 11.7 grams. Full date and oMJ due to off-center strike on that side, which is also somewhat corroded, the cross side pristine but somewhat weakly struck, nicely toned all over, interesting shape with slightly bent point. With original Real Eight Co. certificate hand-signed by Lou Ullian. Estimate: $400-$600.692. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, (171)5(J), rare. S-M22; KM-40; CT-1020. 13.2 grams. Solid (oval) and uncorroded flan with nice toning, good full cross, most of shield with full bottom half of 5 of date. With Sedwick certificate from 2000. Estimate: $150-$225.693. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-40. 12.2 grams. Neat shape, full cross and shield, practically no corrosion, uneven toning. With original Real Eight Co. certificate hand-signed by Bob Johnson. Estimate: $150-$225.

694. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer J, Plate Coin in 1973 “Treasure of the Spanish Main” sale. S-M22; KM-40. 10.9 grams. Squarish flan with good cross, most of shield and oMJ, light surface corrosion, important pedigree. Pedigreed to the Sotheby Parke Bernet auction of June, 1973 (lot 252, pictured in the catalog). Estimate: $125-$200.695. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, mounted in 18K(?) gold pendant. KM-40. 15.7 grams total. Solid coin of very odd shape (accentuated by the mounting, which consists of a contour-mounted, flat-band front and simple prongs on back), with bold denomination .4., nearly full shield and cross, toned. Estimate: $100-$150.696. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-40. 11.7 grams. Bold shield and cross, both mostly full, on a solid flan with nicely toned fields, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $80-$120.

148

697. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, interesting shape. KM-40. 10.5 grams. Very odd shape (somewhat like the profile of an animal head), with bold shield and cross despite moderate corrosion, good toning. With 1984 Spanish Main Treasure Company certificate. Estimate: $70-$100.698. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4R, Philip V, assayers J and not visible, ex-Real Eight and John Durham. KM-40. 25.6 grams total. Nice pair, both solid and uncorroded, one with full oMJ, the other deeply toned, desirably pedigreed. One with Real Eight Co. certificate signed by Bob Johnson, the other pedigreed to the John Durham “bulldozer hoard.” Estimate: $200-$300.699. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4R, Philip V, assayers J and not visible, ex-Ullian. KM-40. 24.5 grams total. Solid and well-detailed coins (for the type), one with bold oMJ below natural bubble-hole, both attractively toned. Both with Real Eight certificates signed by Lou Ullian. Estimate: $200-$300.700. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4R, Philip V, assayers not visible. KM-40. 26.2 grams total. Solid, uncorroded coins with nearly full shields and crosses, one very oddly shaped. Estimate: $125-$200.

702. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, small cobs of Philip V, assayers not visible (two 1R and one 1/2R) with Fisher division letter. 5.3 grams total. Corroded and thin but with clear details, original tags. With Cobb Coin Co. (Fisher) certificates #18932, 19276 and 19723, plus a 1994 Salvors, Inc. letter to the investor who received them in division. Estimate: $100-$150.703. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2R, Charles II and Philip V, with Fisher tags. 1.9 grams total. Thin and corroded but one with full cross, once owned by the cartographer who pinpointed the Atocha “mother lode” in 1985. From the Corrigans site, with Fisher tags #83-173 and 83-200, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

701. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip V, assayer not visible, interesting shape. KM-30. 3.1 grams. Very thin, long shape with bold details (cross and shield), nice toning, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $60-$90.

Lima704. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1699R. S-L14; KM-24; CT-245. 23.5 grams. Good full cross, full pillars-and-waves, 2 dates and mintmarks, corroded surfaces but solid overall, with toning around edge only. With Sedwick certificate from 2005. Estimate: $175-$250.

149

Potosí705. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1687VR, with Fisher tag. S-P40; KM-23; CT-726. 2.1 grams. Good full cross, off-center and corroded pillars, 2 dates, no toning, once owned by the cartographer who pinpointed the Atocha “mother lode” in 1985. From the Corrigans site, with Fisher tag #83-077, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $60-$90.

708. Tournai, Spanish Netherlands, patagon, 1625. KM-A42. 26.9 grams. Choice, completely uncorroded specimen (hardly looks like salvage) with full but slightly doubled details on both sides (including legends), nicely toned. Pedigreed to our Auction #7, with lot-tag #566 and certificate from the salvager (Sténuit). Estimate: $175-$250.

Whydah, sunk in 1717 off Cape Cod, Massachusetts

706. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, extremely rare provenance, with original Tyvek museum tag and Barry Clifford certificate. KM-47. 22.8 grams. Good full cross and crown, with light surface corrosion but much flatness (as made), the real attraction being the provenance, with barcoded tag for proof that the coin was officially recovered from the world’s only documented pirate ship to yield quantities of treasure, virtually all of which is still owned by Clifford’s museum, which travels the country and generates millions of dollars in ticket sales. A similar specimen with partially visible date but without the Clifford certificate sold in our Auction #10 for $8,050 and became the subject of an excellent numismatic article by the well-known shipwreck author Tom Sebring. With original Tyvek museum tag and Barry Clifford certificate #23870. Estimate: $1,500-up.

Slot ter Hooge, sunk in 1724 off the Madeira Islands, northwest of Africa

707. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 26.4 grams. Solid, squarish flan with sharp points, much flatness but very little corrosion, clear denomination 8, darkly toned. With generic (color) certificate from the salvager (Robert Sténuit). Estimate: $125-$200.

150

709. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1648. KM-72.1. 32.0 grams. Huge flan with 100% full and bold details, the date and portrait and king’s ordinal especially prominent, nicely toned, surely among the best specimens from this or any other wreck. Pedigreed to our Auction #7, with lot-tag #568 and certificate from the salvager (Sténuit). Estimate: $350-$500.

710. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1649. KM-72.1. 29.8 grams. Lightly worn and corroded but with bold date and good portrait, some toning. With Sedwick certificate from 1996. Estimate: $150-$225.

711. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Charles II, 1668, rare. KM-79.1. 32.7 grams. Very choice, uncorroded specimen with 100% full details and attractively toned, the portrait and legends especially nice, small part of edge slightly bent. Pedigreed to our Auction #7, with lot-tag #570 and certificate from the salvager (Sténuit). Estimate: $250-$375.

712. Zeeland, United Netherlands, silver ducat, 1701. KM-52.1. 26.5 grams. Lightly worn but virtually uncorroded, with bold full details on both sides, nicely toned, scarce issue, slightly smaller than the ducatoons. Pedigreed to our Auction #7, with lot-tag #572 and certificate from the salvager (Sténuit). Estimate: $100-$150.

Akerendam, sunk in 1725 off Norway

713. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47. 25.2 grams. Most of cross and crown, the peripheries flat (as made), solid but with some surface corrosion, nicely toned, scarce provenance. Estimate: $80-$120.

714. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cobs of Philip V (assayers not visible): one 8R and one 4R. 37.3 grams total. Solid coins with some surface corrosion, recognizable details, the 4R toned, scarce provenance (usually only available in large sets). Estimate: $125-$200.

151

Chameau, sunk in 1725 off Nova Scotia, Canada

719. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible. KM-47a. 25.8 grams. Solid and uncorroded but with extensive peripheral flatness and file-marks (as made), lightly toned. From the “Coffins Patch” site, with certificate #10456 from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.720. Lot of 7 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayers not visible. KM-47a. 145.6 grams total. All moderately to heavily corroded, some lightly toned (one brightly polished), some details. From the “Coffins Patch” site, with certificates #10447-51 and 10454-55 from the salvagers. Estimate: $250-$375.

715. France (La Rochelle mint), ecu, Louis XV, 1725-H. KM-472.9. 19.8 grams. Bold date and portrait despite moderate corrosion, good toning. With Sedwick certificate from 2006. Estimate: $125-$200.

716. France (mint uncertain), ecu, Louis XIV, 1725, with Parke-Bernet catalog from 1971. 21.1 grams. Well-detailed reverse with bold date, lightly to moderately corroded, deeply toned, the real value of this lot being the accompanying classic catalog in which the coins from this wreck were first offered. With original (rare) auction catalog from December 10-11, 1971, by Parke-Bernet Galleries (New York). Estimate: $100-$150.

Spanish 1733 Fleet, Florida KeysCobs717. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1730R. S-M24; KM-47a; CT-755. 25.7 grams. Full and bold date and oMR on an unusually broad flan with full shield and cross, some surface corrosion, toned fields. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April 4-5, 1997, with certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

718. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, dated 1731F (1) and 1732F (2). S-M26; KM-47a. 61.0 grams total. Solid coins with heavy surface corrosion but clear details, one brightly polished but the others lightly toned. From the “Coffins Patch” site, with certificates #10452, 10453 and 10457 from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

152

721. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Charles II and Philip V, assayers not visible. 51.9 grams total. Solid coins with light surface corrosion only, decent details, lightly toned. With Sedwick certificates from 1997. Estimate: $150-$225.

725. Lot of 4 uncleaned cobs (two 8R and two 4R), various mints. 58.2 grams total. Featureless lumps of blackened silver (as found), but with interesting encrustation, one of the 8R a Lima pillars-and-waves with colorful shell bits and one of the 4R all orange in color. With certificates #10464-67 from the salvagers. Estimate: $250-$375.

Pillars

722. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, 1732F, very rare first year of series. KM-103; CT-774. 20.8 grams. Moderately corroded all over but with full and clear date and assayer and central details, somewhat silvery but also toned. From the “Coffins Patch” site, with certificate #10444 from the salvagers. Estimate: $350-$500.723. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, 1732F, very rare first year of series. KM-103; CT-774. 19.7 grams. Moderate to heavy surface corrosion (diameter intact) but with clear date, tiny dark spots. From the “Coffins Patch” site, with certificate #10446 from the salvagers. Estimate: $350-$500.724. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, 1732F, very rare first year of series. KM-103; CT-774. 23.3 grams. Heavily corroded pillars side but shield side nice (light corrosion around edge only), toned all over. From the “Coffins Patch” site, with certificate #10445 from the salvagers. Estimate: $350-$500.

Unidentified early-1700s wrecks in the Bahamas

153

Vliegenthart, sunk in 1735 off Zeeland, Netherlands

Dutch

Cobs

726. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1731F. S-M26; KM-47a; CT-762. 23.4 grams. Full date and oMF, good full cross, solid flan with light surface corrosion. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April, 2007, with lot-tag #762 and generic certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.727. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1732F. S-M26; KM-47a; CT-764. 26.8 grams. Very bold full 732 of date, solid flan with sharp-cut edges, 100% corrosion-free, darkly toned all over. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of June 2001, with original lot-tag #847 and generic certificate. Estimate: $175-$250.728. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1732F. S-M26; KM-47a; CT-764. 21.9 grams. Small flan due to corrosion, somewhat rectangular in shape, full date and oMF, most of cross and shield, very darkly toned all over. With generic certificate. Estimate: $75-$110.729. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1733/2F. S-M26; KM-47a; CT-765. 25.5 grams. Full date and oMF on a solid, thick flan with minor surface corrosion only, good cross, tiny dark spots. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $175-$250.730. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer F. S-M26; KM-47a. 26.9 grams. Solid and uncorroded rhomboid flan prominent points, with full oMF, good but slightly doubled shield and cross, clear denomination 8, some dark spots. With certificate #TC920102 from the salvagers. Estimate: $125-$200.731. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8R of Philip V, assayers not visible. KM-47a. 45.4 grams total. Once coin solid and uncorroded but almost totally flat (as made), the other coin with bold but corroded details enhanced by toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

732. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Brussels mint), portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1637. KM-72.2. 32.2 grams. Choice, virtually full-weight specimen with no corrosion, full details (bold legends), just a little worn and unevenly toned. Pedigreed to our Auction #5, with lot-tag #487 and photo-certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

154

733. Overijssel, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1733. KM-80. 32.1 grams. Sharp, Mint State details with lustrous but very lightly corroded surfaces, faint toning. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

735. Lot of 3 Dutch silver c o i n s , i n c l u d i n g t w o rijksdalers (one dated 1622) from this wreck but also one 2-1/2 gulden of 1848 from an unspecified wreck of a much later period. 75.3 grams total. Solid coins with moderate surface corrosion, clear details, some dark toning, the later coin probably from a wreck in the same area. Estimate: $300-$450.

734. Holland, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1734. KM-90.1. 32.5 grams. Incredibly choice specimen, 100% corrosion-free and full weight, with perfect UNC details and deeply toned fields, hands down one of the most impressive sea-salvage silver coins of all time. Pedigreed to our Auction #7, with lot-tag #587 and certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

Rooswijk, sunk in 1739 southeast of England

736. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1730R. S-M24; KM-47a; CT-755. 25.7 grams. Full date and oMR, good full cross (slightly doubled), no corrosion but much peripheral flatness, lightly toned. Pedigreed to our Auction #4, with lot-tag #542 and certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $175-$250.

737. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1733MF. KM-103. 26.5 grams. Solid specimen with minimal surface corrosion, light toning (some dark spots), AU details, but with old (pre-salvage) hole at top. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $500-$750.

155

738. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1734MF. KM-103; CT-778. 26.8 grams. One hundred percent corrosion-free, with particularly bold rims, well struck, AU details, with light brown toning all over (just a few small dark spots). With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

739. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1734MF. KM-94; CT-1047. 12.2 grams. Sharp, bold, UNC details all over despite very light surface corrosion, lightly toned on fields. With original certificate from the salvagers and photo-certificate from Historic Real Treasures. Estimate: $200-$300.740. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1735MF. KM-94; CT-1049. 12.5 grams. Beautifully toned, with bold AU details despite very light surface corrosion. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $175-$250.

Unidentified ca.-1741 wreck in the Northern Caribbean741. Seville, Spain, milled 2 reales “pistareen,” Philip V, 1736AP, rare. KM-355; CT-1438. 6.0 grams. Super coin for sea-salvage, with full details all over (technically UNC), no corrosion, faint toning, also a popular type (legal tender in the early US), but unique for its provenance, and also a rare assayer (AP instead of PA). With Sedwick certificate from 2001. Estimate: $125-$200.

Hollandia, sunk in 1743 off the Scilly Isles, west of England

742. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, 173(?)J. S-G1; KM-6. 26.2 grams. Bold full shield and globes on a very thick and solid flan (minimal surface corrosion only), toned around details, bold 17 of date, interestingly triangular flan, scarce type for this wreck With certificate from the salvagers #B3724. Estimate: $125-$200.

743. Mexico City, Mexico, klippe 8 reales, 1733MF, choice specimen for this wreck. S-M28; KM-48; CT-768. 26.6 grams. Corrosion-free beauty with full inner details and most of legends (well-centered strike), including date and king’s name, unevenly toned but nonetheless impressive. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection, with tag and generic certificate. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

156

744. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1734MF. KM-103; CT-778. 26.6 grams. Somewhat lustrous and lightly rainbow-toned, with very light surface corrosion only on the shield side, AU details. With generic certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

745. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1735MF. KM-103; CT-779. 25.2 grams. Lightly corroded all over but with clear and sharp (AU) details, no toning. With generic certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

746. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1735MF. KM-103; CT-779. 23.9 grams. Solid but dark and somewhat encrusted (uncleaned), parts of edge crude, XF-AU details. With certificate #B1760 from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.

747. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1738MF. KM-103; CT-783. 26.5 grams. Uncorroded XF (looks like non-salvage with lightly cleaned fields), very lightly toned, with small rim-flaw below date. With generic certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

748. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1739MF. KM-103; CT-787. 20.0 grams. Darkly toned and well detailed but with part of edge lost to corrosion. With small certificate and housed in a small promotional box. Estimate: $150-$225.

749. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1739MF. KM-103; CT-787. 26.6 grams. Brightly silvery but solid and nearly corrosion-free, UNC details, even somewhat lustrous, with small dark patches. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April, 2009, with lot-tag #3125. Estimate: $150-$225.

750. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1740MF. KM-103; CT-790. 26.5 grams. Nice XF details, no corrosion, mostly toned. With generic certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

157

751. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1741MF. KM-103; CT-791. 26.2 grams. Minimal surface corrosion, no toning but spots of green and brown, AU details. With certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.752. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1742MF. KM-103; CT-793. 26.0 grams. Minimal surface corrosion, bold XF details, lightly toned all over. With generic certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.753. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1743MF. KM-103; CT-795. 25.5 grams. Lustrous and sharp (UNC details) but with about half the surface (particularly the date) lightly corroded, with tiny dark spots. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April, 2009, with lot-tag #3126. Estimate: $125-$200.

758. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1653. KM-72.1. 32.3 grams. Exceptionally complete flan with bold legends and well-detailed portrait, no corrosion but dent behind head, toned around details, very nice for sea-salvage. With certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

754. Lot of 6 Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, various dates (all visible). KM-103. 135.0 grams total. Mostly moderately corroded (one slightly better) but with clear details, some dark toning but mostly silvery. Estimate: $350-$500.755. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, pillar minors of Philip V: 4R 1736MF, 1739MF, 1740MF and 1742MF; 2R 1736MF. 46.4 grams total. XF to AU details but all moderately to heavily corroded, nice mix of denominations and dates, a couple very silvery but the others lightly toned. Estimate: $200-$300.756. Mixed lot of 3 silver coins: Mexico cob 8R Philip V; Brussels 1/2 ducatoon 1633; and Campen 6 stuivers 1689. 38.7

grams total. Moderate corrosion but recognizable details, the 1/2 ducatoon deeply toned and somewhat scarce. Estimate: $75-$110.

757. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Antwerp mint), portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1637. KM-72.1. 31.7 grams. Choice full details (bold legends) and solid flan, nearly corrosion-free, with particularly nice portrait, toned fields. With certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

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Please place absentee bids atwww.auction.sedwickcoins.com

(use the bid sheet at the end of thiscatalog for fax or mail bids)

158

759. Utrecht, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1742. 32.5 grams. Choice UNC with lustrous fields and full details (just a little weak in centers), no corrosion, faintly toned all over, remarkably choice for salvaged piece. With certificate from the salvagers #B1901. Estimate: $175-$250.

Lima

762. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1725M, (Louis I), very rare. S-L20a; KM-39; CT-13. 22.9 grams. Bold full cross, full pillars-and-waves with clear date and assayer, but moderately corroded all over with small pieces of edge missing, dark spots. Estimate: $200-$300.

763. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1725(M), (Louis I), very rare. S-L20a; KM-39; CT-13. 23.6 grams. Bold pillars with clear date, bold cross, roundish flan with flat peripheries and moderate surface corrosion, toned around details. Estimate: $200-$300.

760. Westfriesland, United Netherlands, “rider” ducatoon, 1742. KM-92.1. 31.9 grams. Bold XF details enhanced by dark toning on fields, no corrosion but some smoothing and old polishing, very impressive aspect. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

761. Lot of 3 Dutch ducatoons (various mints): 1618 (Albert & Isabel), 1703 (Philip V) and 1742. 85.4 grams total. Moderately corroded but with clear details (the 1742 even a bit lustrous) and lightly toned, nice mix of 3 different types (both Spanish and United Netherlands). Estimate: $175-$250.

Princess Louisa, sunk in 1743 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

764. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1726M. S-L20b. 25.6 grams. Crude, odd-shaped flan with several small edge-splits, nicely toned, with bold pillars-and-waves and cross, bold date and assayer, minimal corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

765. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1726(M). S-L20b. 24.4 grams. Full cross, good center of pillars with bold date, flat periphery, light surface corrosion only, toned around details. Estimate: $200-$300.

159

766. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1727M. S-L20b; KM-34a; CT-647. 23.3 grams. Unusually broad, oval flan with full but weak pillars-and-waves, bold cross, 2 dates and assayers, toned around details, moderately corroded, 2 edge-splits. Estimate: $200-$300.

767. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1728N. S-L21; KM-34a; CT-648. 24.1 grams. Round and thick flan with full and well-centered pillars-and-waves with bold date, partial second date below cross, moderate surface corrosion, some dark spots. Estimate: $200-$300.

Potosí

770. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1702Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-862. 22.1 grams. Bold date above full waves, crude cross but with PHI- of king’s name in legend (first date of type), light to moderate corrosion but contrastingly toned. Estimate: $175-$250.771. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1709(Y), scarce. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-869. 23.5 grams. Thick and solid flan with minimal corrosion (not enough to justify the low weight anyhow), with very bold date between pillars, good cross, flat peripheries, lightly toned. With Pat Johnson certificate from 2000. Estimate: $200-$300.772. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1716(Y). S-P43a; KM-31; CT-876. 23.9 grams. Full pillars-and-waves with bold date, good full cross, toned in crevices, nice round flan with sharp point, light corrosion only. Estimate: $175-$250.

768. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1734N. S-L21; KM-34a; CT-655. 24.6 grams. Very thick and round flan with bold but off-center pillars-and-waves, good cross, flat peripheries but only lightly corroded surfaces. Estimate: $200-$300.

769. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, 1721(M), rare. S-L20; KM-33; CT-977. 10.5 grams. Strikingly round flan with bold date above waves, bold but incomplete cross, light surface corrosion but much flatness, toned around details. Estimate: $200-$300.

160

773. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1716Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-876. 21.4 grams. Moderately corroded but with technically full pillars and cross, 2 dates, some dark toning. Estimate: $175-$250.

774. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1720Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-880. 22.3 grams. Oddly urn-shaped flan of uneven thickness, bold full pillars with bold date, incomplete cross with bold assayer, moderate surface corrosion with toning around details. Estimate: $175-$250.

775. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1723Y, rare. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-883. 26.1 grams. Bold and well-centered cross, crudely doubled pillars, 3 dates, practically no corrosion or toning, uneven thickness. With Pat Johnson tag and certificate from 2000. Estimate: $275-$400.

776. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1724(Y). S-P43a; KM-31; CT-884. 23.7 grams. Bold full pillars and date, most of cross, otherwise flat and somewhat worn from corrosion but contrastingly toned. Estimate: $175-$250.

777. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1724(Y). S-P43a; KM-31; CT-884. 23.0 grams. Very crude flan as made (especially the edges), full but doubled pillars, good full cross, light to moderate surface corrosion with contrasting toning. Estimate: $175-$250.

778. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1724(Y). S-P43a; KM-31; CT-884. 25.8 grams. Bold full cross with PHI- of king’s name in legend, full but doubled pillars, solid flan with moderate surface corrosion, mostly toned. Estimate: $175-$250.

779. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1725Y, (Louis I), scarce. S-P43b; KM-35; CT-24. 26.4 grams. Choice full cross with bold date below, crudely doubled pillars, crude edge (as made), no corrosion, toned in crevices. Estimate: $200-$300.

780. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1726Y, (Louis I), scarce. S-P43b; KM-35; CT-25. 23.5 grams. Broad flan with bold full pillars-and-waves and cross but flat and crude peripheries due to moderate surface corrosion, toned around details. Estimate: $200-$300.

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781. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1726Y, (Louis I), scarce. S-P43b; KM-35; CT-25. 22.8 grams. Bold full cross and pillars (well centered), toned fields, moderately corroded surfaces. Estimate: $200-$300.

782. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1726Y, (Louis I), scarce. S-P43b; KM-35; CT-25. 24.7 grams. Bold pillars-and-waves, crude cross due to moderate surface corrosion, dark toning around details. Estimate: $200-$300.

783. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1726Y, (Louis I), scarce. S-P43b; KM-35; CT-25. 23.8 grams. Very bold details enhanced by contrasting toning, moderate corrosion, edge-split. Estimate: $200-$300.

784. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1727Y, (Louis I), scarce. S-P43b; KM-35; CT-26. 26.2 grams. Round and solid flan with full pillars and cross, 3 dates, light corrosion but much flatness, toned in crevices. Estimate: $250-$375.

785. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1727Y, (Louis I), scarce. S-P43b; KM-35; CT-26. 25.1 grams. Bold date above full waves, full but crude cross, toned fields, light to moderate corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

786. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1727Y, (Louis I), scarce. S-P43b; KM-35; CT-26. 25.1 grams. Full but doubled pillars, weaker but still full cross, all a bit worn from corrosion but with contrasting toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

787. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1727Y, (Louis I), scarce. S-P43b; KM-35; CT-26. 22.5 grams. Bold full cross and pillars-and-waves enhanced by contrasting toning, somewhat worn all over from corrosion. Estimate: $200-$300.

788. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1728M. S-P44; KM-31; CT-826. 23.2 grams. Bold pillars with strong date, full but crude cross, light to moderate surface corrosion, toned fields. Estimate: $175-$250.

162

789. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1684V. S-P39; KM-25; CT-511. 7.1 grams. Full but weak pillars-and-waves and cross, 3 assayers, clear king’s name, moderate surface corrosion but with nicely contrasting toning. Estimate: $150-$225.790. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1714Y. S-P43a; KM-30; CT-1095. 11.4 grams. Full date below cross, second date at bottom of pillars, but otherwise quite flat (as struck), lightly corroded, toned on fields. Estimate: $150-$225.791. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1722(Y). S-P43a; KM-30; CT-1103. 11.1 grams. Curiously urn-shaped flan with bold date between pillars, toned fields, lightly corroded all over. Estimate: $150-$225.

795. Heavy clump of 3 or more small silver cobs, including a clear Lima 4R 1717M on top, with hundreds of tiny lead bird-shot. 185.5 grams. A small but very impressive clump in that it shows the complete pillars side of a scarce coin on top, with others underneath it mostly obscured but sticking out, the rest of the piece a tight jumble of tiny lead balls interspersed with orange crud and small pebbles. Estimate: $600-$900.

792. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1725Y, (Louis I), very rare. S-P43b; KM-A35. 9.1 grams. Odd flan with large pieces of edge “chewed away” from corrosion, still with bold date, one full pillar, nearly full cross, nicely toned, and one of only 4 specimens known to us. Estimate: $200-$300.793. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1733YA, very rare. S-P45; KM-30a; CT-1115. 10.8 grams. Nearly full cross with clear date and assayer, crudely corroded pillars with weak but certain second date, probably not more than 5 known. Estimate: $200-$300.794. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1741P. S-P48; KM-30a; CT-1125. 10.0 grams. Bold date above waves, crude cross due to moderate corrosion, mostly dark. Estimate: $150-$225.

Clumps

796. Impressive clump of about 15 small silver cobs and many small pebbles. 80.4 grams. A wild, 3-dimensional sprawl of dark-gray coins and pebbles cemented with encrustation in the center, the coins a mix of 3 mints (Mexico, Lima and Potosí) but none above 2R in size. Pedigreed to the Sotheby’s auction of December, 2000, with lot-sticker #562. Estimate: $500-$750.

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797. Small but attractive clump of 5 silver cobs (Lima and Potosí, one 4R, two 2R and three 1R) with small pebbles and encrustation. 20.8 grams. Slightly leaning stack with orange crud and small pebbles between the coins, which are not readable except for a Lima 1R 1733 at one end. Estimate: $175-$250.

802. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, (1)738J. S-G1; KM-6; CT-596. 25.5 grams. Bold date and mintmark and assayer, off-center pillars, good but lightly corroded shield and crown, darkly toned. Estimate: $200-$300.

803. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, 1738J. S-G1; KM-6; CT-596. 23.5 grams. Bold date below good pillars/worlds/waves, full assayer next to most of crowned shield, moderate surface corrosion and toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

798. Small but attractive clump of 3 silver cobs (probably all Potosí, two 4R and one 2R) with small pebbles and encrustation. 29.9 grams. Small but interesting display, the coins somewhat spread-out and stacked along with the pebbles, with thick encrustation covering most of the coin surfaces. Estimate: $150-$225.

Reijgersdaal, sunk in 1747 off South Africa

799. Madrid, Spain, milled 8 reales, Philip V, 1728JJ, rare type from this wreck. KM-336.2; CT-693. 22.7 grams. Lightly corroded but with mostly clear XF details, faintly toned, first of its kind we have seen from this wreck. Estimate: $125-$200.

800. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, (1)737(J). S-G1; KM-6; CT-595. 26.9 grams. Sharply 5-sided flan with bold and well-centered worlds, most of date visible, some flatness but very little corrosion, darkly toned all over. Estimate: $200-$300.

801. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, (1)738(J). S-G1; KM-6; CT-596. 26.6 grams. Solid and squarish flan with bold worlds against somewhat lustrous field, bold date and mintmark, full shield with dark “horn silver” on surface, darkly toned all over. Estimate: $200-$300.

164

804. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, (1)738J. S-G1; KM-6; CT-596. 25.5 grams. Solid, thick, roundish flan with nearly full pillars/worlds/waves and crowned shield, full 38 of date, darkly toned, light surface corrosion, tiny edge-split. Estimate: $200-$300.

805. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, (17)38(J). S-G1; KM-6; CT-596. 26.7 grams. Broad, rectangular flan with bold date and mintmark and nearly full pillars/worlds/waves, lightly corroded shield with small natural pit, darkly toned all over. Estimate: $200-$300.

806. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, (17)39(J). S-G1; KM-6; CT-597. 26.8 grams. Solid, sharply rectangular flan with somewhat weak but virtually uncorroded details, darkly toned all over. Estimate: $200-$300.

807. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, 1742J. S-G1; KM-6; CT-601. 26.6 grams. Full date, excellent globes and waves, lightly corroded shield, solid flan, toned. Estimate: $250-$375.

808. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, 1742(J). S-G1; KM-6; CT-601. 26.8 grams. Bold full date and worlds and waves, lightly corroded shield side, solid thick flan, lightly toned. Estimate: $200-$300.

809. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, 1742(J). S-G1; KM-6; CT-601. 26.0 grams. Nearly full pillars/worlds/waves with full date below, corroded shield side, thick and solid flan, toned as usual. Estimate: $200-$300.

810. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, 1742(J). S-G1; KM-6; CT-601. 26.3 grams. Curiously 7-sided flan, thick as usual but with light surface corrosion, good full pillars/worlds/waves, full date and denomination, toned. Estimate: $200-$300.

811. Guatemala, cob 4 reales, (17)38J. S-G1; KM-5; CT-957. 13.4 grams. One full pillar with bold 8 of date and mintmark G, bold full assayer and king’s ordinal V, nicely toned and corrosion-free, small part of edge crude (as made). Estimate: $175-$250.

812. Guatemala, cob 4 reales, 1739J. S-G1; KM-5; CT-958. 12.3 grams. Choice details (full crown and worlds) on a small, thick, rectangular f lan, nicely toned, no corrosion. Pedigreed to our Auction #6, with lot-tag #554. Estimate: $175-$250.

165

813. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1739MF, choice specimen in promotional box. KM-103; CT-787. 26.8 grams; the box 5” x-4-1/2”. Choice, uncorroded specimen with lovely toning, AU details, even somewhat lustrous, and with what appears to be 9/9 in the date (unlisted die-variety). Housed in an elegant wooden box with cardboard container and small certificate. Estimate: $350-$500.814. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1741MF, encapsulated EF details / corroded. KM-103; CT-791. Solid coin with luster, nice details, just some minor surface corrosion, richly rainbow-toned. Estimate: $125-$200.

817. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1745q. S-P50; KM-28a; CT-1681. 2.3 grams. Small flan with corroded pillars, good but off-center cross, scarce provenance. With original certificate #GACDDD00207 from the salvagers. Estimate: $70-$100.818. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1744MF. KM-103; CT-797. 23.3 grams. Bold XF details all over, with minimal surface corrosion but “chewed” rims, lightly toned, scarce provenance. Pedigreed to the Dan Holmes collection (Goldberg lot 5215, with tag), with original certificate #GACDDD00257 from the salvagers. Estimate: $125-$200.819. England (mint uncertain), 1/2 crown, William III, 1697. 14.6 grams. Solid and corrosion-free coin but somewhat worn before sinking, with patchy toning and areas of encrustation, scarce provenance. With photocopy of certificate #121 from the salvager for the clump from which this coin was extracted. Estimate: $75-$110.

815. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 174/30MF. KM-94; CT-1056. 13.5 grams. Sharp UNC details, no corrosion but darkly stained in places, clear overdate. Pedigreed to our Auction #6, with lot-tag #563, and pedigreed to the Mark Bir collection, with tag. Estimate: $150-$225.

Luz, sunk in 1752 off Montevideo, Uruguay

816. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1748q. S-P50a; KM-39; CT-435. 8.6 grams. Darkly toned and somewhat corroded but with full inner details (pillars and cross), bold date, 2 assayers. With photo-certificate #214-PA from salvager Ruben Collado (hand-signed). Estimate: $150-$225.

Dodington, sunk in 1755 off South Africa

166

Tilbury, sunk in 1757 off Nova Scotia, Canada

821. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1749MF. KM-104.1; CT-324. 23.4 grams. Bold XF+ details with hint of luster, light surface corrosion, very faintly toned but some dark spots, scarce provenance. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

820. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1746MF. KM-103; CT-800. 23.9 grams. Low-contrast XF with lightly corroded surfaces, uneven toning, scarce provenance. With photocopy of original certificate #145 from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

Auguste, sunk in 1761 off Nova Scotia, Canada

822. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1753MF. KM-104.1; CT-331. 25.9 grams. Very bold details by virtue of lack of corrosion and darkly toned fields, but technically no better than VF, still quite impressive for a salvaged specimen. Pedigreed to our Auction #5, with lot-tag #569 and original certificate #692 from the salvagers. Estimate: $200-$300.

823. Lima, Peru, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1756JM. KM-55.1. 25.9 grams. Good centers (XF details) but lightly corroded around the rims, unevenly toned. Pedigreed to the Dan Holmes collection, with NGC label and original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $125-$200.

824. France (Bordeaux mint), ecu, Louis XV, 1726-K. KM-486.11. 28.1 grams. Solid coin but with some surface corrosion and distractingly patchy toning, VF details With photo-certificate and pedigreed to the original W.H. Lane (Penzance) auction of June 1983, with original lot-tag. Estimate: $150-$225.

825. France (Montpelier mint), ecu, Louis XV, 1727-N. KM-486.14. 28.1 grams. Very solid coin but with localized surface corrosion and pits, darkly toned on reverse, no worse than VF overall. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $125-$200.

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Dromadaire, sunk in 1762 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

831. Lima, Peru, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1771JM, encapsulated NGC EL CAZADOR / GENUINE, rare as from this wreck. KM-64.2; CT-848. Darkly toned fields supporting bold VF details, light corrosion. Estimate: $350-$500.

832. Guatemala, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1768P, encapsulated NGC EL CAZADOR / GENUINE, very rare as from this wreck. KM-27.1; CT-817. Choice for salvage, with bold VF details and curious rims that stop well before the edge, nicely toned, but most remarkable as the ONLY Guatemala pillar dollar found on this wreck. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

826. France (Rouen mint), 1/2 ecu, Louis XV, 1731-B. KM-484.3. 14.0 grams. Decent VF details, minimal corrosion but some gouges near rim, probably related to the sinking of the ship, lightly brown-toned around details, scarce provenance. Estimate: $60-$90.

827. France (Riom mint), 1/2 ecu, Louis XV, 1744-O. KM-516.14. 11.5 grams. Bold details despite moderate surface corrosion, scarce provenance. Estimate: $60-$90.

828. Lot of 9 French 1/2 ecus of Louis XV, various mints and dates (1726-42). 115.2 grams total. Lightly to moderately corroded and somewhat silvery (no toning) but with mostly readable details, a couple with edge problems, scarce provenance. Estimate: $250-$375.

Cazador, sunk in 1784 off New Orleans in the Gulf of MexicoPillars

829. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1766MF, encapsulated NGC EL CAZADOR / GENUINE, rare as from this wreck. KM-105; CT-904. Bold XF details and uncorroded except around the rims (which are mostly missing), deeply toned. Estimate: $350-$500.

830. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1769MF, encapsulated NGC EL CAZADOR / GENUINE, rare as from this wreck. KM-105; CT-909. Bold details but moderately worn from corrosion, darkly toned fields. Estimate: $300-$450.

168

833. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1751M, encapsulated ANACS “El Cazador SELECT.” KM-86.1; CT-491. Virtually no corrosion, AVF details, patch of toning in center of shield side. Estimate: $100-$150.

837. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2; CT-933. 24.4 grams. Typically silvery but with decent XF details, very light surface corrosion. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

838. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2; CT-933. 25.5 grams. Lustrous and sharp (UNC details) but with patch of surface corrosion at top of obverse only, lightly orange-toned. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

839. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2; CT-933. 26.1 grams. Lustrous UNC with light surface corrosion near rims, some reddish toning. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

Busts

834. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1773FM, initials facing rim, scarce as from this wreck. KM-106.1; CT-917. 25.9 grams. Lovely bold XF details all over, with especially nice rims, deeply toned, no noticeable corrosion, choice for this wreck. Estimate: $175-$250.

835. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1777FM. KM-106.2; CT-923. 26.1 grams. Very choice, bold XF details with attractive toning, totally corrosion-free, old rim-ding near top of reverse. Estimate: $150-$225.

836. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1779FF. KM-106.2; CT-929. 25.2 grams. Choice XF+ details with lovely toning, no corrosion, minor rim-damage. Estimate: $150-$225.

169

840. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2; CT-933. 24.1 grams. Bold AU details but somewhat corroded, the obverse faintly toned but the reverse rather silvery. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $150-$225.

843. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1783FF, all choice condition. KM-88.2; CT-1350. 30.8 grams total. Corrosion-free XF-AU, no corrosion, nicely toned, great for jewelry. Estimate: $350-$500.844. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1783FF, all choice condition. KM-88.2; CT-1350. 31.7 grams total. Corrosion-free XF-AU, no corrosion, nicely toned, great for jewelry. Estimate: $350-$500.845. Lot of 5 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1783FF, all choice condition. KM-88.2; CT-1350. 31.7 grams total. Corrosion-free XF-AU, no corrosion, nicely toned, great for jewelry. Estimate: $350-$500.846. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, bust minors of Charles III, 1783FF: one 2R and two 1/2R. 7.8 grams total. Lightly toned, XF details, light to moderate corrosion, one of the 1/2R much worse than the other two coins. Estimate: $70-$100.847. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1783FF, encapsulated ANACS El Cazador “PRIME SELECT.” KM-69.2; CT-1775. Virtually uncorroded, with UNC details and deep rainbow-toning around rims, the top quality from this wreck. Estimate: $70-$100.

841. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2; CT-933. 24.3 grams. Bold XF details, light surface corrosion, faintly toned. Estimate: $100-$150.

842. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8R of Charles III: 1780FF, 1781FF and 1786FM. KM-106.2. 71.8 grams total. Good toning and details despite light to moderate surface corrosion. Estimate: $150-$225.

170

848. Lima, Peru, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1776MJ, encapsulated NGC EL CAZADOR / GENUINE, very rare denomination as from this wreck and a desirable date. KM-77; CT-1087. Bold VF details enhanced by darkly toned fields, light corrosion (mostly around the rims), one of very few 4R offered from this wreck. Estimate: $600-$900.

Clumps850. Large, tilted stack of 12 Spanish colonial bust 8R of Charles III with green encrustation all over (as found). 304 grams. Mostly solid coins but with worn edges, the bottom coin with nice reverse visible, the top coin with worn obverse, darkly toned, with attractive green encrustation on sides. Estimate: $700-$1,000.851. Encrusted, spread-out clump of about 18 Spanish colonial pillar and bust 2R of Charles III (as found). 116 grams. Nice display with fairly solid coins, completely encrusted all over in brown and white colors, the only readable design being the shield side of a pillar 2R. Estimate: $600-$900.852. Broadly spread clump (as found) of 8 Spanish colonial bust 8R of Charles III (uncleaned). 193 grams. Solid but dark coins with no details visible, spots of white and tan and green, much better presentation than a simple stack. Estimate: $400-$600.853. Slightly leaning stack of 8 Spanish colonial bust 8R of Charles III encrusted together (as found). 208 grams. Solid coins, the top and bottom ones obverse-out with clear busts (one with date 1783), darkly toned with green crust on sides. Estimate: $400-$600.

849. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1773JR, encapsulated NGC EL CAZADOR / GENUINE, very rare denomination as from this wreck. KM-54; CT-1173. Sharp XF details with darkly toned fields, light surface corrosion (more near rims), one of very few 4R offered from this wreck. Estimate: $600-$900.

854. Small, leaning stack of 6 Spanish colonial 2R (probably Charles III busts) with encrustation all over (as found). 53 grams. Tight clump with thick encrustation, no details visible but the coins appear to be solid, lots of green and tan and white. Estimate: $200-$300.855. Fallen stack of 4 Spanish colonial bust 8R of Charles III with encrustation all over (as found). 101 grams. Solid coins with attractive green and orange encrustation, top coin with bust and date (1783) clearly visible. Estimate: $200-$300.856. Spread-out clump of 6 Spanish colonial bust 2R of Charles III with encrustation all over (as found). 39 grams. Flat clump with solid, well-detailed coins underneath lots of orange and green encrustation. Estimate: $200-$300.857. Small but thickly encrusted (as found) clump of 3 Spanish colonial 8R (probably Charles III busts). 122 grams. Big chunk of orange crud on one side and tube-worms and shells encrusted to other side, no coin details visible. Estimate: $150-$225.

171

172

Hartwell, sunk in 1787 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

Piedmont, sunk in 1795 off Cornwall, England

858. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1783FF. KM-106.2; CT-933. 25.4 grams. Bold VF details enhanced by contrasting toning, slightly off-center strike, light surface corrosion only. Estimate: $100-$150.859. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1785FM. KM-106.2a; CT-937. 24.1 grams. Moderately corroded but with clear VF details, some dark spots but otherwise completely non-toned. With generic certificate. Estimate: $100-$150.860. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1786FM. KM-106.2a; CT-939. 26.5 grams. Richly toned and mostly uncorroded (very unusual for this wreck), AXF details, slightly off-center strike. Pedigreed to our Auction #7, with lot-tag #662 and certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $100-$150.

Zeeland, sunk in 1793 off Table Bay, South Africa861. Utrecht, Dutch East India Co., copper duit, 1790, uncleaned, very rare provenance. KM-111.1. 3.1 grams. Small copper coin with attractive coating of green encrustation on both sides, bold details nonetheless, but main attraction is the provenance, from which we have sold only 2 other specimens in the past (including one for over $500 in our Auction #5). Estimate: $100-up.

862. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1674E. S-P37b; KM-26; CT-349. 25.6 grams. Full pillars-and-waves with bold assayer, date and mintmark across bottom, double-struck cross, solid and nearly uncorroded but typically dark and with much flatness (as struck). With generic certificate. Estimate: $150-$225.

863. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1659E, encapsulated NGC genuine, with name of wreck in slab. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-907. Very dark as usual, with some surface corrosion but full pillars-and-waves and cross, edge-split. With certificate #CB-7282. Estimate: $100-$150.864. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1661E, encapsulated NGC genuine, with name of wreck in slab. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-909. Off-center strike with edge-split, dark as usual but minimal corrosion, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks. With certificate #CB-7352. Estimate: $100-$150.

173

865. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1661E, encapsulated NGC genuine, with name of wreck in slab. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-909. No corrosion but somewhat worn, very dark on fields but high points light, showing nearly full cross and pillars-and-waves, 2 bold assayers. With certificate #CB-7343. Estimate: $100-$150.866. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1666E, encapsulated NGC genuine, with name of wreck in slab. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-914. Full pillars-and-waves, crude cross, no corrosion but lots of flatness (as made), patchy dark toning, 2 dates. With certificate #CB-7273. Estimate: $100-$150.867. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1666E, encapsulated NGC genuine, with name of wreck in slab. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-914. Broad flan with good full cross, full but slightly corroded pillars-and-waves, 2 dates, patchy dark toning. With certificate #CB-7346. Estimate: $100-$150.

Colossus, sunk in 1798 off the Scilly Isles, southwest of England

868. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1668E, encapsulated NGC genuine, with name of wreck in slab. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-595. Bold date above waves (well centered), crude cross (mostly flat but also lightly corroded), 2 assayers, patchy dark toning. With certificate #CB-7348. Estimate: $100-$150.869. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1669E, encapsulated NGC genuine, with name of wreck in slab. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-596. Broad flan with off-center cross showing bold assayer and date, well-centered but partially flat pillars-and-waves, 2 bold assayers, mostly darkly toned, no corrosion. With certificate #CB-7291. Estimate: $100-$150.870. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1669E, encapsulated NGC genuine, with name of wreck in slab. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-596. Bold full pillars-and-waves with 2 dates on that side, full cross with third date below, king’s name in legend, mostly darkly toned, minimal corrosion. With certificate #CB-7446. Estimate: $100-$150.

871. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1671E, encapsulated NGC genuine, with name of wreck in slab. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-598. Very dark all over but no corrosion, off-center strike, 2 dates on pillars side. With certificate #CB-6904. Estimate: $100-$150.

872. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1671/0E, encapsulated NGC genuine, with name of wreck in slab. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-unl. Bold date and assayer and mintmark above waves, weak cross, much flatness and some surface corrosion, dark all over. With certificate #CB-7289. Estimate: $100-$150.

873. London, England, copper farthing, George III, 1773, very rare provenance. Sp-3775; KM-602. 4.3 grams. Rather worn from surface corrosion but with clear details, coppery color, first coin we can recall seeing from this wreck, which was famous for carrying the “Hamilton collection” of Etruscan (Greek) vases. With certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $125-$200.

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Leocadia, sunk in 1800 off Punta Santa Elena, Ecuador

878. Lot of 3 English East India Co. copper coins of 1808: two XX cash and one X cash with encrustation. 23.7 grams. Both XX cash are top grade, with little or no corrosion and light color, whereas the X cash is corroded but has a thick and interesting crust of encrustation (about 30% of the coin exposed). Estimate: $75-$110.879. English East India Co., copper X cash, 1808, rare planchet error with full brockage on obverse. KM-320. 4.4 grams. This wreck is a classic example of what happens when you have a million coins (literally) all in the same place: by the power of sheer percentages, a few very rare mint-errors will make it into the mix. In the past we have sold minor planchet-clip errors from this wreck, but this is the first time we have seen a full brockage, which is when a coin sticks to one of the dies (the obverse in this case) and imparts a mirror image of the other side (the reverse in this case) onto the next coin, which thereby shows the same but mirrored images on either side of the coin. This specimen is well preserved, with little or no corrosion, light copper color, small patch of encrustation on reverse only. Estimate: $50-up.

874. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1737N, very rare type and denomination for this provenance. S-L21; KM-30a; CT-

1783. 1.2 grams. Small, oval flan with full monogram, off-center cross, 2 bold dates, light surface corrosion only, one of very few 1/2R cobs from any shipwreck. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $70-$100.

875. Clump of 4 Spanish colonial bust 8 reales of Charles IV (probably all Lima, 1800IJ). 110 grams. Very solid, uncorroded coins, the top and bottom one with AU details (even some luster), with attractive white and green encrustation against dark toning, in the form of a stack with top coin partially slid off. Estimate: $600-$900.

876. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1797IJ. KM-97; CT-652. 19.4 grams. Bold full details despite moderate corrosion all over, no toning. Estimate: $80-$120.

877. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1778PR, rare denomination for this wreck. KM-52; CT-1606. 3.0 grams. Weak details due to moderate surface corrosion, lightly toned, one of only a handful of small-

denomination coins recovered. Estimate: $70-$100.

Admiral Gardner, sunk in 1809 southeast of England

“1810 wreck,” sunk in 1810 off Ft. Pierce, Florida

880. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1804TH. KM-109; CT-701. 23.0 grams. Typical moderate surface corrosion but clear details, very lightly toned (with some spots), minimal contrast. With Fisher photo-certificate #22144. Estimate: $70-$100.

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Cabalva, sunk in 1818 off Mauritius in the Indian Ocean

884. Madrid, Spain, 20 reales, Isabel II, 1855 (mintmark 6-point star). KM-593.2; CT-175. 24.1 grams. Bold XF details, a bit silvery on the obverse but nicely toned on the reverse, minimal corrosion, scarce provenance (a wreck that was somewhat overshadowed by bigger finds in the area and consequently only minimally researched and salvaged). With tag #BRV-007/01/CN from the salvagers and Sedwick certificate from 2003. Estimate: $90-$135.

881. Cádiz, Spain, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813CJ. KM-466.2; CT-375. 23.1 grams. Bold bust and date and shield but otherwise weak from heavy surface corrosion, lightly polished, scarce provenance and late (scarce) mint. With original certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $80-$120.

S.S. New York, sunk in 1846 off Louisiana

882. USA (mint uncertain), 50c Seated Liberty, 1843, embedded in concretion and encased in Lucite with brass tack and ring and other debris. 5-1/2” x 4” x 3”. Basically along the lines of an “executive gift” (think paperweight) but with solid coins and scarce provenance, accompanied with numbered certificate and storage box, an attractive display overall. The S.S. New York was salvaged in 2007 after location by oilfield workers and has become famous as a source for high-grade Southern branch mint U.S. gold coins. Estimate: $400-$600.

Santo Andre, sunk in 1856 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

883. Seville, Spain, 20 reales, Isabel II, 1851 (mintmark 7-point star). KM-593.3; CT-190. 24.5 grams. Bold XF details with nice toning, very light surface corrosion. Pedigreed to our Auction #6, with lot-tag #671 and original certificate from the salvager. Estimate: $80-$120.

Guadalupe, sunk in 1865 off the Cape Verde Islands, west of Africa

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Elingamite, sunk in 1902 off New Zealand

885. Set of 3 New Zealand Victorian silver coins dated 1900 (1/2 crown, 2 shillings and 1 shilling). 30.6 grams total. A very nicely matched set—all the same date and quality—and all above average condition for this wreck, with lustrous AU details and only very light surface corrosion, some spots of toning, complete with the classic promotional materials from when the wreck was found in the 1960s. With original packaging and certificate hand-signed by salvager Kelly Tarlton. Estimate: $100-$150.

“Manila Bay treasure,” dumped off the Philippines in 1942

886. Lot of 4 Philippines coins/medal: two silver 1 pesos, 1936, Roosevelt and Quezon; one silver 50 centavos, 1936 Murphy and Quezon; and one bronze 1920 “Wilson dollar” medal. 66.7 grams total. The 3 silver coins somewhat corroded but with clear details, but the bronze piece fully intact (just some dark spots), a nice cross-section of the material that the Philippine/American government had to jettison in WWII to avoid capture by the Japanese, who later (ironically) used prisoners of war to recover millions of the coins. Estimate: $80-$120.

John Barry, sunk in 1944 off Oman887. Saudi Arabia, riyal, AH 1354 (1935/6), struck in 1944 at Philadelphia. KM-18. 11.5 grams. Corrosion-free and fully UNC, with nice light toning, from a special, secret wartime cargo of 1.4 million coins on board an American Liberty ship torpedoed during WWII and salvaged using modern technology from the staggering depth of 8500 feet. With promotional certificate and catalog of the scarce Sotheby’s (Geneva) auction of November 16, 1995, in which 1.3 million of these coins were offered as a single lot! Estimate: $100-$150.

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Andrea Doria, sunk in 1956 off Massachusetts

889. Mixed lot of 4 shipwreck coins, as follows: Yemen dirhem ca. 1370 AD from a Red Sea wreck; Mexico pillar 8R 1740 from the Reijgersdaal (1747); British East India Co. copper duit 1808 from the Admiral Gardner (1809); and Mexico bust 8R 1804TH from the “Black Joke” (1828). Decent coins, the X cash actually choice and the bust 8R dark but fully detailed, the pillar 8R much more heavily corroded, and the dirhem uncorroded but with chips in edge (very thin, as made) and silvery. Each with certificate, tag or promotional holder. Estimate: $70-$100.

888. Italian 1000-lire banknote of 1947 recovered from the wreck, encased in Lucite with hand-signed card from the salvagers, and housed in a custom box with booklet and VHS tape. 12-1/2” x 8-1/2” x 2” (in box). Paper money from a shipwreck is a near-impossibility; but in 1984 divers recovered a safe from this famous wreck and found it to contain intact banknotes like this one, with a little bit of edge loss but otherwise as well-detailed and colorful as the day it was lost, here elegantly displayed and housed. The New York-bound Italian luxury liner Andrea Doria famously sank after a collision off the coast of Nantucket, Massachusetts in 1956, in effect closing the era of transatlantic travel by ship (planes being preferred ever since). Today the Doria is known as the “Mount Everest of scuba diving,” for its depth of well over 150 feet requires mixed gas and staged decompression, not to mention the frigidity of the water and dangerous currents, and also falling rigging and fishermen’s nets. The few artifacts available today from this wreck must be appreciated not only for the initial tragedy but also for the difficulty with which they were obtained. Estimate: $400-$600.

Various wrecks

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The Charles and Joanna Coinage of Mexico City, 1536-1571:A Research Study on the Early Series and Introduction to the Late Series

by Cori Sedwick Downing

Not long after the Conquest of Mexico by Hernan Cortes in 1519, the exploitation of Mexico’s mineral wealth demanded the need for a mint. After ten years of petitioning, the Spanish crown finally issued a royal decree authorizing a mint in 1535 and sent the Castilian nobleman Antonio de Mendoza there to become the first viceroy in the Americas and to open the mint in Mexico City, where he requisitioned Cortes’ home for the purpose. Minting began in early 1536 using the designs and denominations outlined in the same royal decree, which stated that ¼- and ½-real coins would comprise a quarter of the production, 2- and 3-reales coins another quarter, and 1-real coins the remaining half. The 1-, 2-, and 3-reales coins would have castles and lions with a pomegranate on one side and two columns with the inscription PLVS VLTRA PLVS VLTRA (“More Beyond”) on the other. The ½-real pieces would have a K (for KAROLVS or Charles, Joanna’s son and co-regent) and I (for IOHANNA or Joanna) on the other. The legend on all pieces would read KAROLVS ET IOHANA REGES HISPANIE ET INDIARVM KAROLVS ET IOHANA REGES HISPANIE ET INDIARVM, or whatever part of that would fit. The pillars side would bear an M, M, the mintmark for Mexico City. The rest of the design was left up to the first workers at the mint. Copper coins (2 and 4 maravedís) were also struck from 1542 to 1551 using similar designs.

Numismatists have come to call these coins “Charles and Joanna coins,” and have divided them into two major periods using names proposed by Nesmith over sixty years ago—“Early Series” coins (from 1536 to 1542) and “Late Series” coins (from 1542 to 1571)—based on substan-tial design changes in 1542 when all-new dies from Spain arrived. The first dies of the Early Series bore Gothic lettering, but the die-punches wore out fast and were replaced by cruder, New World-made punches that tended toward Latin lettering (as Nesmith said, the number of dies must have been enormous). These die changes enable us to follow the evolution of the Early Series coinage. When the new-design dies came in 1542, however, the Early Series dies were discarded and the Gothic lettering was gone for good.

In addition to all-Latin lettering, the design of the Late Series coins differs from that of the Early Series coins in several ways:• Waves beneath the pillars (although some very early 3-reales coins minted under Assayer R also bear waves beneath the pillars)• King’s name as CHAROLVS (formerly KAROLVS) at first, then changed to CAROLVS• Bannerless motto PLVS VLTRA between the pillars• Fewer devices for stops between words in the legends• More standardization of design between assayers

The Assayers

Early Series CoinsFrancisco del Rincón (Assayer R), 1536-1538

The first assayer of the Mexico City mint, Assayer R, oversaw the minting of coins of ¼, ½, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 reales, although not all at the same time. Initially the mint created ¼, ½, 1, 2, and 3 reales, but the 3 reales was unpopular due to its similarity to the 2 reales and was discontinued sometime in late 1537 to early 1538 and replaced with 4-reales coins. The extremely rare 8-reales coins—of which there are only three known—were produced at the same time as the 4 reales but proved too difficult to make. The fractional denominations are also extremely rare. Based on analysis of the lettering in the legends, the first emissions from the mint were probably ¼, ½, 1 and 3 reales, with the 2-reales coins appearing a little later.

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Punches with Gothic lettering (IOHANA) used to create the legends on both sides of the coins broke often and were replaced as needed by crude punches of local creation or Latinized punches (iohana). Between the words of the legends were inserted devices known

as “stops,” which were limited to two rondules ({, like a fat colon), a cross potent <, and/or a three-part creation which Nesmith described

as a “number 9 punch,” 6, sometimes rotated 180 degrees. Later assayers became more creative with the stops.

The shield-side legend read KAROLVS ET IOHANA (the IOHANA often abbreviated), sometimes with a D at the end for DEI GRATIA (“by the Grace of God”). Some of the 3-reales coins bear a longer ending of DEIGRA or DEIGRA R (the R standing for REGES, or rul-ers). These 3-reales coins also illustrate an experiment in crown placement, as a very few show the crown entirely within the beaded circle that divides the legend from the interior design. In all denominations, the lion in the shield, representing León, sometimes sported a crown and a tongue ®. On either side of the shield was a Gothic M M, representing the Mexico City mintmark.

One hallmark of Assayer R was the use of a rounded panel containing an abbreviated form of PLVS VLTRA placed between the Pillars of Hercules on the pillars side (some early Assayer-P and P/R coins show this type of panel as well). For unknown reasons, this style was supplanted by a right-leaning rhomboid panel at the time of the first emission of 4 and 8 reales coins. The abbreviation within the panel was longer at first, then shortened to PLVS, a convention which persisted throughout the rest of the Early Series. The assayer’s initial R, appear-ing between the bases of the pillars, was at first Gothic and later Latin, as the letter-punches deteriorated. The legend on the pillars side read HISPANIE ET INDIARVM followed sometimes by REGES (only on the 3-reales variety with waves beneath the pillars), RE, or R.

Main types of 4-reales coins:• Various abbreviations for PLVS VLTRA (PLVSVLT, PLVSVL, PLVSVT, LVSV) inside rounded banner with either Gothic or Latin

R between bases of pillars • PLVSV inside rounded banner with Latin R between bases of pillars• PLVS inside rounded banner with Latin R between bases of pillars• PLVS inside right-leaning rhomboid banner with Latin R between bases of pillars

Main types of 3-reales coins:• Waves beneath pillars, PLVSVL inside rounded banner between pillars, Gothic R between bases of pillars, and 3 dots for denomi-

nation• Without waves beneath pillars, PLVSVLT inside rounded banner between pillars, Gothic R between bases of pillars, and 3 dots for

denomination• Without waves beneath pillars, PLVSVL inside rounded banner between pillars, Gothic R between bases of pillars, and 3 connected

vertical bars for denomination (3)

Main type of 2-reales coins:• Various abbreviations for PLVS VLTRA inside rounded banner between pillars with either Gothic or Latin R between bases of

pillars

Main type of 1-real coins:• Various abbreviations for PLVS VLTRA inside rounded banner between pillars with Gothic R between bases of pillars

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Pedro de Espina (Assayer P), 1538-1541

The denominations of coins minted under Assayer P were ¼, ½, 1, 2, and 4 reales, and ¼-real coins are almost non-existent, the Nesmith #22 Plate Coin being the only one known. The first emissions used re-worked dies from Assayer R’s tenure. There are examples of both the rounded-banner variety and the right-leaning rhomboid banner variety (P/R is known in both varieties in 4 reales). The left-leaning rhomboid banner variety was a later convention coinciding with a permanent switch from a Gothic P to a Latin P for the assayer-mark. Initially the coins looked very similar to Assayer-R coins, with the P replacing the R between the base of the Pillars of Hercules on the pillar side and a Gothic M on either side of the shield (Nesmith did not know of the existence of this type). However, most of the coins minted under Assayer P—and these coins are the most common of the Early Series—bore a new design with the P moved from the pillars side to the shield side of the coin, to the right (common) or left (rare) of the shield, and the M mintmark on the opposite side of the shield, thus leaving a blank space between the bases of the pillars on the other side of the coin.

All lettering in the legends on both sides of the coin was Latin, with the exception of the few holdovers from Assayer R that bore a Gothic M mintmark on either side of the shield. Assayer P displayed a flare for the dramatic with his creative use of devices as stops. He embellished

upon Assayer R’s use of double rondules { as stops by adding lozenges #, cross potents <, quatrefoils £, mascles $, and rondules-in-

annulets =, sometimes in combination. The banner on the pillars side displayed embellishment not seen during Assayer R’s tenure, with the

use of annulets ± and rondules-in-annulets = both within the banner and at its corners.

The legend on the shield side, which became the standard for future Early Series coins, typically read: KAROLVS ET IOHANA, with R or RE appended after a stop. IOHANA could be abbreviated to IOHA and IOHAN, or even IOAN and IOANA. As noted above, mintmark

M and assayer-mark P were placed to the left or the right of the shield opposite each other, with either annulets ± or rondules-in-annulets = above and below the M and P (hence, for example, “oMo-oPo”).

The legend on the pillars side, which also became the standard for future Early Series coins, typically read HISPANIARVM ET INDIARVM, with many abbreviations such as HISPANIE and INDIAR. Sometimes RE followed. As noted above, the P was moved from between the bases of the pillars to the shield side of the coin. The left-leaning rhomboid banner predominated.

Main types of 4-reales coins:• Gothic M on both sides of shield and Latin P between bases of pillars• Latin P-M flanking shield and right-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars• Latin P-M flanking shield and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars• Latin M-P flanking shield and right-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars• Latin M-P flanking shield and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Main types of 2-reales coins:• Latin P-M flanking shield and right-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars• Latin M-P flanking shield and right-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars • Latin M-P flanking shield and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Main types of 1-real coins:• Latin P-M flanking shield and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars• Latin M-P flanking shield and right-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars• Latin M-P flanking shield and a left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Main types of ½ real coins:• Latin P-M flanking KI and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars• Latin M-P flanking KI and right-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars• Latin M-P flanking KI and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Francisco de Loaiza (Assayer F), 1541(?)

The rarest Early Series coins were minted under the brief tenure of Assayer F in denominations of ½, 1, 2, and 4 reales. There may have been ¼-real coins minted as well, but to date none are known (Nesmith could not cite any examples either). F/P is known in the ½, 2, and 4 reales.

All coins are of the left-leaning banner variety and most feature lozenges # as stops between words in the legends, as they were probably all re-worked dies from Assayer P. There are approximately 26 coins known in collections and auctions, with the majority from the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550), one from the “Ines de Soto wreck” (ca. 1557), and none from the Spanish 1554 Fleet (Padre Island).

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Main type of 4-reales coins:• Latin M-F (or M-F/P) flanking shield and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Main type of 2-reales coins:• Latin M-F (or M-F/P) flanking shield and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Main type of 1-real coins:• Latin M-F flanking shield and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Main type of ½-real coins:• Latin M-F (or M-F/P) flanking KI and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Juan Gutiérrez (Assayer G), 1541(?)-1542

This assayer struck coins in the denominations of ¼, ½, 1, 2, and 4 reales (although Nesmith did not know of any ¼-real specimens), but also began copper coins in the denominations of 2 and 4 maravedís in 1542. Assayer G’s tenure carried over to the new Late Series coinage starting in the same year. For unknown reasons, the assayer’s initial G reverted to the position between the bases of the pillars, as was the convention under Assayer R (and the earliest Assayer P). This was probably why Nesmith surmised his tenure followed that of Assayer R (especially since Nesmith did not know of the existence of early Assayer-P coins with P between the bases of the pillars), although die stud-ies have disproven that theory. The over-punchings M/F and M/F/P are known in 1 and 4 reales. As an interesting side note, Nesmith #11, a 4 reales coin with a left-leaning rhomboid banner and lozenges for stops, is the most common single-variety Early Series coin with about two dozen examples known.

With the assayer’s mark G now placed on the pillars side of the coin, the mintmark M returned to the shield side and was placed on either side of the shield with an annulet above and below (oMo-oMo). As with Assayer P (and the short-lived Assayer F), devices such as rondules [, annulets ±, lozenges #, cross potents <, quatrefoils £, double rondules {, and double rondules-in-annulets == vertically, were used as stops separating letters in the legends, with lozenges being a clear favorite.

On the pillars side, the left-leaning rhomboid banner predominated; however, there are several examples of ½- and 2-reales coins with a

right-leaning rhomboid banner, harkening back to Assayer-P coinage. PLVS (+) inside the banner was the norm, although there are a few examples of ½- and 2-reales coins bearing PLV instead. Devices used as stops between letters in the legend on the pillars side were limited to lozenges, cross potents, and quatrefoils with lozenges the most common. The banner was always punctuated with a single annulet in each corner and single annulets outside the pillars. In other words, there are far fewer varieties under Assayer G than Assayer P.

Main type of 4-reales coins:• Latin M-M flanking shield and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Main types of 2-reales coins:• Latin M-M flanking shield and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars• Latin M-M flanking shield and right-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Main type of 1-real coins:• Latin M-M flanking shield and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

Main types of ½-real coins:• Latin M-M flanking KI and left-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars• Latin M-M flanking KI and right-leaning rhomboid banner between pillars

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Late Series CoinsJuan Gutiérrez (Assayer G), 1542-1543

The major design change from Early Series to Late Series took place under the tenure of Assayer G, and all denominations (¼, ½, 1, 2, and 4 reales) were minted in silver. Copper maravedís were minted as well. Additional distinguishing stylistic changes from this point forward can be found in the crowns, castles, and lions (some have tongues again) on the shield side and in the tops of the pillars on the other side. The spelling of the king’s name changed from the Early Series spelling of KAROLVS to CHAROLVS (under Assayer G only), but was soon shortened to CAROLVS (Assayer G forward). Assayer G generally used one or two annulets for stops in the legends, and the one-annulet

convention held for 1-real coins made under all subsequent assayers. The use of a trefoil ’ as a stop was an exclusively Assayer-G feature. The use of oM for the mintmark was also an Assayer-G invention, although it was not the only type of mintmark used.

Assayer G’s tenure was briefly interrupted by Assayer R, Francisco del Rincón or his brother Alonso del Rincón, in 1543. After that, Assayer G continued until 1545. His tenure produced the best-quality coins of the Late Series, characterized by full legends, round planchets, and deep strikes. It has been suggested that such high quality can be attributed to the anticipated arrival of Francisco Tello de Sandoval, a Spanish investigator who came to the Mexico City mint in May of 1545 to assess accusations of fraud. The so-called Sandoval investigation lasted several months, and perhaps Assayer G was simply putting his best foot forward by taking extra care with minting practices at that time.

Main types with CHAROLVS in the legend:• oMo-oGo (½ real unknown to Nesmith)• oM-oG (½ , 2, and 4 reales unknown to Nesmith but at least the 4 reales exist, perhaps all from the “Golden Fleece wreck”)• oM-G• M-G

Main types with CAROLVS in the legend:• G-oM (1 and 4 reales unknown to Nesmith but at least the 4 reales exist, perhaps all from the “Golden Fleece wreck”)• oM-G• M-G• G-M• oM-oG• M-G (upside-down)

Alonso del Rincón (Assayer R), 1543

No ¼- or ½-real coins are known from Assayer R’s tenure, but 1, 2, and 4 reales were struck. Francisco del Rincón, the first assayer of the mint in 1536, swindled his way into buying the assayer’s office out from under Juan Gutiérrez, but Rincón’s brother Alonso most likely ran the mint until Gutiérrez was reinstated. Francisco had previously returned to Spain while Alonso remained in Mexico. The mintmark for Mexico City appeared as an M, and these coins are understandably rare.

Main types:• M-R (4 reales unknown to Nesmith but exist, perhaps all from the “Golden Fleece wreck”)• R-M

Juan Gutiérrez (Assayer G), 1544-1546?

This second tenure of Assayer G started with coins showing the G assayer-mark punched over an R. It is likely that the best-struck coins of Assayer G were minted in 1545, before and during the investigation by Tello de Sandoval. Otherwise G coins of this period are indistinguish-able from G coins of the previous period.

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Alonso de Villaseca? (Assayer A), 1546?-1547?

No ¼-real coins are known, but ½, 1, 2, and 4 reales were minted. While Alonso de Villaseca is the name usually attributed to Assayer A, it is by no means certain that this is a correct assumption. These coins are scarce due to the short tenure of Assayer A’s term. The over-assayer A/G is known and points to the re-use of dies from Assayer G’s tenure. Most, if not all 4 reales M-A coins are from shipwrecks.

Main types:• M-A/G• M-A (½ real unknown to Nesmith but examples exist)• A-M (1 real unknown to Nesmith but examples exist)• oM-A (2 and 4 reales unknown to Nesmith and may not exist)

Luis Rodríguez (Assayer L), 1547?-1553?No ¼-real coins are known from this assayer, but ½, 1, 2, and 4 reales were minted. Coins of Assayer L recovered from the Spanish 1554 Fleet off Padre Island, Texas, bear a mintmark of M. Later in his tenure (presumably after Assayer O began, see below), the coins carried a mintmark of oM and were struck on smaller planchets, often not completely round. The output from this assayer was prolific.

Main types:• M-L/R• M-L/A• L/A-M• M-L• L-M• oM-L• L-oM

Rodrigo Gómez de Santillán (Assayer S), 1553?-1554?

A single ¼ real is known from this assayer. No ½-real coins are known. Pieces of 1, 2, and 4 reales were struck. Due to his short tenure in office, not many coins were minted, so all are rare. While Gómez de Santillán is usually the name associated with Assayer S, it is not certain he is the correct candidate. Santillán’s actual documented tenure was a decade earlier, late 1543 to early 1544, while the office of assayer was being transferred back to Gutiérrez (Assayer G) and his trustee Villaseca (Assayer A) from Alonso del Rincón (Assayer R). Die details indicate that coins of Assayer S fit between the two tenures of Assayer L and must have been made around 1553-1554, since Assayer-S coins were recovered from the Spanish 1554 Fleet (Padre Island) but not from the ca.-1550 “Golden Fleece wreck,” which yielded many specimens of the other assayers of the time (G, R, A, and L).

Main types:• M-S • oM-S • S-M (unknown to Nesmith, but at least the 1 real exists)• S/L-M (unknown to Nesmith, but at least the 4 reales exists)

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Luis Rodríguez (Assayer L), 1554?-1569

No ¼-real coins are known for Assayer L, but ½, 1, 2, and 4 reales were minted. This is the same assayer as Assayer L above. The mintmark of this period is M or oM. A cruder style of engraving on planchets of varying thickness and roundness distinguishes these coins from Assayer L’s earlier emissions. Two years before his death in 1569, having lived in Mexico for some 40 years, Rodríguez submitted a petition (which was approved in the same year) to transfer his office to his son, Cristóbal Rodríguez of Spain, who leased the office to Assayer O, Bernardo de Oñate. Production at the Mexico City mint at this time was prodigious, so coins of Assayer L are less rare than other assayers and it is obvious that emphasis was on quantity rather than quality.

Main types:• M-L/S• L/O-oM• oM-L/O• oM-L• L-oM

Bernardo de Oñate (Assayer O), mid-1550s?-1571?

No ¼-real coins are known for Assayer O; however, ½, 1, 2, and 4 reales were minted. This assayer may have worked under the previous assayer, Luis Rodríguez, or concurrently while that assayer’s health declined, but not before 1554, since no Assayer-O coins were found on the Spanish 1554 Fleet (Padre Island). As stated above, Assayer L transferred his office to his son in 1569, and his son leased that office to Assayer O in the same year, but the presence of Assayer-O coins on the “Ines de Soto wreck” (ca. 1557) proves that at least some Assayer-O coins were struck well before the transfer. The quality of coinage from Assayer O was at an all-time low for the Charles-Joanna issues. Again, quantity over quality was the objective at the mint by this point.

Main types:• O/L-oM• O/M-M• M-O/L• oM-O/L• M-O• O-M (½ and 4 reales were unknown to Nesmith)• oM-O• O-oM

Discoveries Since Nesmith

Early Series Coinage

1. Eight-reales coins did exist (three known and all from the “Golden Fleece wreck” of ca. 1550) and from their characteristics can be attributed to being minted late in Assayer R’s tenure.

2. There are many more examples of 3 reales than previously thought (at least 5 examples of coins with waves and 34 without waves).3. Under Assayer R there are examples of 2 reales coins with a banner motto between pillars longer than just PLVS and 4 reales coins

with a banner motto longer than PLVS or PLVSV.4. The ¼, ½, 1, and 3 reales may have been minted before 2-reales coins, based on an analysis of the lettering in the legends.5. The banner is depicted as a ribbon which flows high to low in both directions. At this point, it is impossible to determine whether

one direction predated another.6. The correct order of assayers is R, P, F, G. (Nesmith probably thought G came after R because G reverted to putting the assayer

mark between the bases of the pillars. Nesmith didn’t know of early Assayer-P coins with P between the bases of the pillars.)7. Only under Assayer R did lions have tongues and crowns in the shield.

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186

8. The most common 2 and 4 reales die types from Assayer P to Assayer G were as follows:a. Shield side

i. M-P (or F or G)ii. Lozenges as stops in the legends

b. Pillars sidei. Left-leaning rhomboid bannerii. Single annulet in the left and right side of the inside of the banneriii. Annulets in the corners of the banneriv. Lozenges as stops in the legend

9. The P-M coins of Assayer P are not “the rarest of all the coins of the Charles and Joanna Early Series” as Nesmith stated with the exception of the ¼ real. Pieces of 4 reales are known in both the right-leaning and left-leaning rhomboid banner varieties.

10. Assayer P’s tenure was not short-lived.11. Nesmith didn’t question why Assayer G went back to using a right-leaning rhomboid banner, and there is still no answer. It’s curious

that the convention is only found on ½ and 2 reales.12. Nesmith didn’t know about coins recovered from shipwrecks such as the “Golden Fleece wreck” (ca. 1550), Spanish 1554 Fleet

(Padre Island), an unidentified wreck off Santo Domingo (ca. 1554), the Santiago wreck off Mozambique (1585), an unidentified wreck off Cape Canaveral (mid-1550s), and the “Ines de Soto wreck” off Cuba (ca. 1557). The “Golden Fleece wreck” in particular has yielded a trove of Early Series coins, particularly the 4 reales.

Late Series Coinage

1. Nesmith didn’t know of any ¼-real coins but examples minted under Assayers G and A do exist.2. While 4 reales M-R coins were unknown to Nesmith and have been considered much more rare than R-M, coins salvaged from the

“Golden Fleece wreck” show that both types were minted in almost equal amounts.3. There were many more varieties of coins struck than Nesmith knew, with differences due to various combinations of obverse and

reverse designs coupled with obverse and reverse legends.4. The correct order of assayers is G, R, G, A, L, S, L, O.

187

Mexico silver cobs

890. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer R (Latin) at bottom between pillars, PLVSV in rounded panel, rare. N-unl (6 for type); S-M1; CT-71. 13.5 grams. Shield side with [M[-[M[., legend as {KArolVS{6{eT{iohA7A6; pillars side with Latin R, rounded panel with PLVSV inside, Arabic 4 for denomination, legend as {6{(HIS)PA7ie6{eT{i7diarVm{6{re. Bold full details on both sides (including legends), the pillars side slightly doubled, XF with dark toning on fields. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

Charles-Joanna, “Early Series”

891. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer R (Latin) at bottom between pillars, PLVS in rhomboid panel. N-6d; S-M1; CT-72. 13.3 grams. Shield side with [M[-[M[; pillars side with Latin R, right-leaning rhomboid panel, PLVS inside, Arabic 4 for denomination, legends with K instead of H. Note that the rhomboid panel only appears in 4R and 8R for this assayer. Beautifully toned XF with nearly full legends and bold inner details, the pillars side slightly off-center. Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

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892. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P over erased Latin R at bottom between pillars, PLVSV in rounded panel, very rare. N-unl; S-M4; CT-70. 13.3 grams. Shield side with [M[-[M[, legend as {(KAR)olVS{6{eT{iohA7{ ; pillars side with Latin P/R below pillars, rounded panel with PLVSV behind pillars, Arabic 4 for denomination, legend as {6{hiS(PANIE E)T{i7di rVm{6{re. Bold VF+ with contrasting toning around details, nearly full legends, choice inner details. Note: Nesmith was not aware of this type with P (or P/R) on the pillars side. Pedigreed to the “Golden Fleece” wreck Research Collection (our Auction #4, lot 183). Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

895. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P to left, mintmark M to right, PLVS in rhomboid panel, rare. N-21 (but no specimens known to him); S-M4; CT-77. 13.3 grams. Shield side with ±P±-±M± (what Nesmith called “rondules-in-annulets”), with similar dots (but doubled, one on top of the other) in legends; left-leaning rhomboid panel with PLVS behind pillars, double (dotted) o’s inside the panel outside the pillars, and plain annulets on the corners. Richly toned and well-centered XF with full legends and choice inner details, slightly weaker toward one side. Note: P-M is significantly rarer than M-P in 4R. Purchased from Lou Collins in 1971 as being from a “Florida land hoard.” Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

893. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P over erased Latin R at bottom between pillars, PLVS in rounded panel, very rare. N-unl; S-M4; CT-70. 13.4 grams. Shield side with [M[-[M[, lions with crowns and tongues ®, legend as {KARolVS{6{eT{iohA7{; pillars side with Latin P/R below pillars, rounded panel with PLVS behind pillars, legend as 6hiS{PA7ie{6{eT{6{7idiA{[RVm. Beautifully rainbow-toned AXF with choice full legends and inner details, well centered and fully struck all over. Note: Nesmith was not aware of this type with P (or P/R) on the pillars side. Pedigreed to the “Golden Fleece” wreck Research Collection (our Auction #4, lot 182). Estimate: $6,000-$9,000.

894. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P over erased Latin R at bottom between pillars, PLVS in rhomboid panel, very rare. N-unl; S-M4; CT-70. 12.5 grams. Shield side with [M[-[M[, legend as {KARolVS{6{eT{iohA7A pillars side with Latin P/R below pillars, right-leaning rhomboid panel with PLVS behind pillars, Arabic 4 for denomination, legend as {6{hiSpA7ie{6{eT{6{i7diArV{m. Bold pillars and most of legends full, VF details, and nicely toned but with light to moderate surface corrosion all over. Note: Nesmith was not aware of this type with P (or P/R) on the pillars side. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

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896. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer G at bottom between pillars. N-11; S-M2; CT-69. 13.4 grams. Shield side with Latin =M=-=M=, lozenges in legends ending in cross potents (per Nesmith); pillars side with left-leaning rhomboid panel with PLVS inside, annulets outside the pillars and on the corners. Choice AU, lustrous and richly toned, with full details except for just a couple weak places in the legends. Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

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897. Mexico City, Mexico, 3 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer Gothic R at bottom between pillars, 3-dots denomination, very rare. N-5(for type)/5b; S-M1; CT-103. 10.1 grams. Shield side with Gothic . [M[-[M[, lions with crowns, per N-5 but with legend as KAROLVS{ET{IOHANA{DG with crude i and o’s; pillars side with R, rounded panel with PLVSVLT inside, 3 dots for denomination, legends per N-5b with crude d, i and m. Somewhat low-relief Fine with full inner details and nearly full legends, lightly toned fields, a few marks and crude old hole near edge above pillars, but overall a very solid (non-salvage) specimen of this ephemeral denomination, which is traditionally very rare and highly sought. Struck only from April of 1536 to early 1538 at the latest (and only under assayer R), the 3 reales was deemed too close in size and value to the 2 reales, but ironically most specimens are broader in denomination than the 4 reales that replaced them. This specimen is only the second one we have ever handled. Incidentally, it has been suggested that the reason the 3-dots denomination (as well as a rarer variety with 3 bars) was chosen over an Arabic number 3 is that the natives could not read numbers; but then it seems this illiteracy problem must have been solved before the 4R came along with Arabic-4 denomination! Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

898. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P to left, mintmark M to right, very rare. N-20; S-M4; CT-122. 6.7 grams. Shield side with ±P±-±M± with dots inside the o’s (what Nesmith called “rondules-in-annulets”), with similar dots (but doubled, one on top of the other) in the legends; pillars side with right-leaning rhomboid panel with PLVS behind pillars, double (dotted) o’s outside the pillars and smaller o’s on corners. Choice strike with full legends and bold inner details, XF, with light toning on part of shield side. Note: P-M (for which N-20 is the only variety) is far rarer than M-P in 2R. Pedigreed to the “Golden Fleece” wreck Research Collection (our Auction #4, lot 199), and to the Kent Ponterio collection (Ponterio auction of August, 2009, lot #9090). Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

899. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P to right, mintmark M to left, panel leaning left, annulets in quarters of cross potents (rare). N-25e/25c; S-M4; CT-123. 6.4 grams. Shield side with ±M±-±P±; pillars side with dotted o’s (“rondules-in-annulets”) outside pillars inside the rhomboid panel with smaller o’s on corners, legend with quatrefoils £ and curious cross potent < with o’s in quadrants, which is rare for 2R but more common for 4R. Bold full details (especially the legends) enhanced by darkly toned fields, slightly off-center shield side, VF+ overall. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

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900. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P to right, mintmark M to left, panel leaning left. N-unl (cf. 25f/25g); S-M4; CT-123. 6.8 grams. Shield side with oMo-oPo, per N-25f but with o instead of mascle $ after IOHANA; pillars side per N-25g but with left-leaning rhomboid panel, single o’s outside pillars and on corners. Broad-flan VF with full legends despite a few weak spots, bold pillars side but less prominent shield side, richly old-toned all over. Purchased from Neil Utberg ca. 1971 Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

901. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P to right, mintmark M to left, panel leaning right. N-unl (cf. 25f/25e/g); S-M4; CT-123. 6.3 grams. Shield side with oMo-oPo, per N-25f but with no ornament after IOHANA; pillars side per N-25g but with legend of N-25e, with right-leaning rhomboid panel, double o’s outside pillars and single o’s on corners. Bold full legends and pillars with nicely contrasting toning, VF overall but with very light surface corrosion. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

902. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P to right, mintmark M to left, panel leaning left. N-25/25b; S-M4; CT-123. 6.6 grams. Shield side with oMo-oPo, per N-25; pillars side per N-25b, with left-leaning rhomboid panel, single o’s outside pillars and on corners. Choice XF with lovely toning, slightly uneven strike but full legends (mostly bold), well centered. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

903. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer F to right, mintmark M to left, extremely rare. N-15; S-M3; CT-110. 6.5 grams. Shield side with oMo-oFo, pillars side with left-leaning rhomboid panel, single o’s outside pillars and on corners, matching N-15 in every detail. A choice example for this very elusive assayer, with full and bold legends, well-centered inner details (VF for wear), attractively toned on fields. It is believed this assayer struck coins for only a few months between assayers P and G (presumably in the year 1541, but in any case just before the changeover to “Late Series” in 1542), with only 26 coins in 4 denominations still extant. Many of the known 2R specimens show F/P, but this appears to be a clean F. Estimate: $10,000-up.

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904. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Early Series,” assayer P to right, mintmark M to left, rare. N-unl (24 for type); S-M4; CT-153. 3.2 grams. Shield side with oMo-oPo; pillars side with left-leaning rhomboid panel, single o’s outside pillars and on corners; all per N-24 but with legend ending in INDIA and lozenge #. Nice VF/F on a perfectly round flan with full and bold legends, attractively old-toned. Pedigreed to the Christensen auction of March, 1966, lot 2933. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

905. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/2 real, “Early Series,” assayer F to right of monogram, extremely rare. N-13; S-M3; CT-172. 1.3 grams. Monogram side with oMo-oFo; pillars side with left-leaning rhomboid panel. Somewhat crudely struck, with weak assayer, but 100% identifiable and with parts of legends bold, Fine overall with some toning around details. This assayer is highly sought for its rarity, and in fact this 1/2R specimen is one of only 3 known to us. Pedigreed to our Auction #1, lot 350. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

Charles-Joanna, “Late Series”

906. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to left, mintmark M to right. N-46c; S-M5 or 5a; CT-80. 13.5 grams. Huge broad flan that extends beyond the full legends (albeit not completely round), choice AU with rich old toning all over. Estimate: $800-$1,200.907. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to right, mintmark M to left. N-50e; S-M5 or 5a; CT-81. 13.5 grams. Broad, round flan that extends beyond the full legends, choice full inner details, attractively old-toned XF+, struck slightly off-center. Estimate: $600-$900.908. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to right, mintmark M to left. N-50c; S-M5 or 5a; CT-81. 13.4 grams. Broad round flan with bold full legends, nice inner details, perfectly centered, richly old-toned XF. Estimate: $450-$675.

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909. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer A/G to right, mintmark M to left, extremely rare. N-unl (58 for type); S-M6; CT-unl (Type 58). 13.4 grams. Perfectly round flan with full legends and superb inner details, struck slightly off-center, XF+ with light toning all over, touch of corrosion at edge. Note: this over-assayer (which is clear on this coin) is not even mentioned by Nesmith. Pedigreed to the Kent Ponterio collection (Ponterio auction of August, 2009, lot #9156). Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

910. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer A to left, mintmark M to right, very rare. N-62a; S-M6; CT-78. 13.4 grams. Choice bold strike all over, broad flan that extends beyond the full legends, nicely toned AU, very rare variety with assayer to left. Pedigreed to the Kent Ponterio collection (Ponterio auction of August, 2009, lot #9158). Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

911. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer R to right, mintmark M to left, very rare. N-70; S-M7; CT-unl. 13.5 grams. Broad-flan AU with light toning, full and bold inner details and virtually full legends, a choice example of this variety (M-R), which Nesmith listed but had no examples of. Pedigreed to the Kent Ponterio collection (Ponterio auction of August, 2009, lot #9155). Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

194

912. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer R to left, mintmark M to right, rare. N-74; S-M7; CT-90. 13.1 grams. Bold details all over (especially the full legends), with darkly toned fields, AXF with just a touch of surface corrosion, traditionally a rare assayer. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

913. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer R to left, mintmark M to right, rare. N-unl (74 for type); S-M7; CT-90. 13.3 grams. Full legends and inner details, well centered, small part of edge slightly crude (as made), XF with light toning, a match with N-74 except with shield-side legend “10” (double annulets, etc.) and pillars-side legend “a.” Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of March 2010, lot #7310. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

914. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to left, mintmark M to right. N-82a; S-M9 or 9a; CT-86. 13.5 grams. Very bold full pillars side with exceptional details, the shield side slightly off-center but with bold king’s name and inner details, XF with patchy toning. Estimate: $600-$900.915. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to left, mintmark M to right. N-82a; S-M9 or 9a; CT-86. 13.4 grams. Choice, well-centered AU with full details, lightly toned all over, just the tops of the letters of the legends off the flan. Estimate: $400-$600.916. Mexico City, Mexico, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to right, mintmark M to left. N-86; S-M9; CT-84. 13.6 grams. Choice bold details on both sides, AU with light toning (dark around details in places), less round than most. Estimate: $350-$500.

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917. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to left, mintmark M to right. N-45 for type; S-M5 or 5a; CT-111. 4.6 grams. Huge, thin flan that was very lightly shaved and crudely plugged at edge, bold legend on shield side, rather worn for the issue (Fine) but with toning around details. Estimate: $150-$225.918. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to left, mintmark oM to right. N-93; S-M9a;

CT-115. 6.8 grams. Bold XF details with rich toning all over, slightly off-center strike, nearly full legends. Estimate: $250-$375.919. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to right, mintmark M to left. N-85; S-M9 or 9a;

CT-116. 6.6 grams. Broad flan with full legends and bold details, AVF with light toning (dark in places). Estimate: $200-$300.

920. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to left, mintmark M to right. N-81a; S-M9 or 9a;

CT-114. 6.6 grams. Broad, round flan with full legends, slightly soft interiors, double-struck assayer, richly old-toned VF. Estimate: $200-$300.921. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer O (large) to right, mintmark M to left, very rare. N-unl (101 for type); S-M10; CT-120. 6.9 grams. Very bold and choice details for this assayer (which is unusually large on this coin), well-centered and evenly impressed, XF with contrasting toning, hairline stress-fractures (probably from striking it too hard!). Note this is a match with N-101 except with obverse “10.” Estimate: $600-$900.922. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer O to right, mintmark M to left. N-110; S-M10;

CT-120. 6.7 grams. Broad flan, mostly bold legends, good details but a bit unevenly struck, VF with some dark toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

923. Mexico City, Mexico, 2 reales, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer O to right, mintmark oM to left. N-109a or 110;

S-M10; CT-121. 6.7 grams. Bold details on a broad flan with minor edge-splits, silvery XF. Estimate: $100-$150.924. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer oG to right, mintmark oM to left, rare. N-unl (36 for type); S-M5; CT-142. 3.2 grams. Broad, thin flan with mostly bold legends (uneven strike), good crown and inner details, the unusual oM-oG rather clear (differing from N-36 in that the reverse legend is “c”), VF+ with some contrasting toning. Estimate: $200-$300.925. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to right, mintmark M to left. N-48g or 48j; S-M5 or 5a; CT-140. 3.4 grams. Choice UNC with luster and light rose toning, broad flan extending beyond the legends (which are full on the well-centered obverse, nearly so on the slightly off-center reverse). Estimate: $250-$375.926. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer G to left, mintmark M to right. N-unl (44f for type); S-M5 or 5a; CT-139. 3.3 grams. Lustrous XF with practically full legends and good inner details, mostly toned, like N-44f but with different (broader) crowns atop the pillars. Estimate: $125-$200.

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927. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer A to right, mintmark M to left, rare. N-56; S-M6; CT-136. 3.4 grams. Full legends, choice pillars, near AU but with somewhat patchy toning. Estimate: $350-$500.

928. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer A to right, mintmark M to left, rare. N-56; S-M6; CT-136. 3.1 grams. Bold details (especially the shield and M-A), most of legends clear, AVF with contrasting toning on fields, tiny hole at edge. Estimate: $100-$150.929. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to left, mintmark M to right. N-80c; S-M9 or 9a; CT-143. 3.1 grams. Very broad, thin flan with superbly bold legends, lightly toned XF, with deep edge-split (probably because the flan was too thin for the strike). Estimate: $125-$200.930. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to left, mintmark oM to right. N-92a; S-M9a;

CT-144. 3.3 grams. Richly old-toned XF with nice inner details and nearly full legends. Estimate: $125-$200.

931. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to right, mintmark M to left. N-unl (84d for type); S-M9 or 9a; CT-145. 3.1 grams. Bold full inner details and crown, nearly full legends, deeply toned VF+ with very slight surface corrosion, same as N-84d except with reverse “C1.” Estimate: $125-$200.932. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to right, mintmark oM to left. N-88a; S-M9a; CT-

146. 3.1 grams. Mostly bold legends and full inner details, VF, no toning except for dark spot around one lion. Estimate: $125-$200.933. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L/O to right, mintmark oM to left. N-88f; S-M9 or M9a; CT-unl (Type 104). 2.9 grams. Very bold full details due to dark, contrasting toning on fields, VF+, slightly bent and with faint surface corrosion. Estimate: $70-$100.

934. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer O to right, mintmark M to left, rare. N-unl (100a for type); S-M10; CT-149. 3.2 grams. Bold full inner details and crown, practically full legends, very well centered, VF+ with nicely contrasting toning, matching with N-100a except with reverse legend “aa,” and rare without o above M in mintmark. Estimate: $250-$375.935. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer O to right, mintmark oM to left. N-108 for type; S-M10; CT-150. 3.3 grams. Broad flan with nearly full legends, VF but weakly struck in places, lightly toned. Estimate: $125-$200.

197

936. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer O to right, mintmark oM to left. N-108d; S-M6; S-M10; CT-150. 3.3 grams. Very broad flan with much bold details (especially the legends), AXF, with interesting shiny gold toning, hairline edge-split. Estimate: $100-$150.937. Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer O to left, mintmark oM to right. N-104e; S-M10; CT-148. 3.5 grams. Choice bold details all over, near AU, with lovely toning, curious die-crack on obverse, scarcer variety with O-oM. Estimate: $175-$250.938. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/2 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer O (oM-o-o), P-LV-S across middle. N-107d; S-M10; S-M10; CT-185. 1.5 grams. Choice, evenly struck XF+ (full inner details and nearly full legends, all bold) with rich old toning all over, hairline edge-crack Pedigreed to our Auction #2, lot 302. Estimate: $200-$300.

939. Mexico City, Mexico, 1/2 real, “Late Series,” assayer O (oM-o-o), error with “S-V-P” (for PLVS) across middle, very rare. N-unl; S-M10; CT-184. 1.4 grams. Mostly bold details but somewhat unevenly struck (flat spots), otherwise AVF, with contrasting toning on fields, crudely holed near edge and with attempted hole at opposite end. Significantly, this motto error was completely unknown to Nesmith. Pedigreed to our Auction #2, lot 301. Estimate: $125-$200.

Shield-type

940. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer F. 27.0 grams. Bold full shield (variety with 3 fleurs-de-lis for Old Burgundy) with full oMF to left and 8 to right, good full cross, richly old-toned VF with flat spots, nice old pedigree. Pedigreed to J. Schulman (1948). Estimate: $150-$225.941. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (162)2/1/0D. S-M18a; KM-45; CT-309. 25.1 grams. Somewhat barrel-shaped flan of extremely uneven thickness (looks like the metal was too soft), with nice full shield and cross, bold oMD, faint but certain date, VF+ with peripheral flatness. Probably from the “Lucayan Beach wreck” (ca. 1628). Estimate: $200-$300.942. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer D. S-M18a; KM-45. 25.5 grams. Typically barrel-shaped flan of uneven thickness, full but weak shield and cross due to surface corrosion (otherwise VF), full king’s ordinal III in legend. Probably from the “Lucayan Beach wreck” (ca. 1628). Estimate: $125-$200.

198

943. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)49P, with tiny chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient. S-M19; KM-45; CT-349. 27.1 grams. Bold full cross and shield, full 4 and top of 9 of date, clear (o)MP and king’s ordinal IIII, some dark toning, Fine for wear. Estimate: $125-$200.

944. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)50(P). S-M19; KM-45; CT-350. 26.0 grams. Narrow barrel-shape of uneven thickness (the top and bottom thick and pointed), bold 0 of date and o of mintmark, full cross, nearly full shield, toned Fine. Estimate: $125-$200.

945. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, (16)50P, with test-cuts as from circulation in the Orient. S-M19; KM-45; CT-350. 26.7 grams. Bold full oMP next to full shield, bottom of 50 of date clear, full cross-and-tressure, AVF with dark areas. Estimate: $125-$200.

946. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1652P. S-M19; KM-45; CT-356. 25.8 grams. Very full and bold date and oMP, good full shield and cross, odd-shaped flan of uneven thickness, XF with areas of light surface corrosion. From the “Tunis hoard” in north Africa. Estimate: $150-$225.

947. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, 1660P. S-M19; KM-45; CT-370. 25.6 grams. Incredibly full and bold date and oMP (rare thus) enhanced by dark toning, full cross and nearly full shield, very solid and roundish but with much flatness and some surface corrosion. From the “Tunis hoard” in north Africa. Estimate: $200-$300.

948. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P. S-M19; KM-45. 27.9 grams. Bold oMP, full shield and cross, Fine with much flatness, some orange and black spots. Estimate: $90-$135.

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199

949. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer P. S-M19; KM-45. 26.8 grams. Narrow barrel-shaped flan with crudely bent edges, bold full oMP and choice full shield and cross, AVF, attractively toned. Estimate: $80-$120.950. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J. S-M22; KM-47. 27.0 grams. Odd-shaped flan, full cross and shield, the latter distinctively small, flat peripheries, very lightly toned VF. Estimate: $100-$150.

951. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer O below mintmark oM to left. S-M11; KM-36; CT-335. 13.6 grams. Large, roundish flan with bold full oMO, shield and denomination, full cross, much legend despite flatness, richly old-toned AXF with hairline edge-split. Estimate: $200-$300.

952. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer O below mintmark oM to left. S-M11; KM-36; CT-335. 13.3 grams. Round flan with good full shield and cross, bold oMO, deeply toned VF. Estimate: $150-$225.

953. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer O below mintmark oM to left. S-M11; KM-36; CT-335. 13.8 grams. Full oMO and shield and denomination, full but doubled cross, toned AXF. Estimate: $125-$200.

954. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer F. S-M12; KM-36. 13.5 grams. Good full cross and shield, full oMF, AVF with some flatness but contrasting toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

955. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, (16)55P, rare. S-M19; KM-38; CT-711. 13.6 grams. Full 55 of date, good full cross, nearly full shield, deeply old-toned VF with flat spots. Estimate: $125-$200.

956. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, assayer P, with test-cut as from circulation in the Orient. S-M19; KM-38. 13.8 grams. Roundish flan with very choice full cross-lions-castles, nice full shield with oMP and 4 to sides, richly toned XF+. Estimate: $125-$200.

200

957. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip IV, assayers not visible, with test-cuts as from circulation in the Orient. KM-38. 27.8 grams total. Nearly full shields and crosses, one with king’s ordinal in legend, both richly old-toned and no worse than Fine for wear, both with surface cuts but one also bent. Estimate: $125-$200.958. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, encapsulated NGC VF 35. KM-40. Deeply rainbow-toned, with full but off-center cross, nearly full shield with denomination 4 to right, all very bold and attractive for the type. Estimate: $100-$150.

959. Lot of 4 Mexico City, Mexico, small silver cobs: 4R 17(30-33)F; 1R Philip II assayer not visible; 1/2R Philip II assayer O; and 1/2R Philip IV assayer not visible. 19.2 grams total. Mixed bag of periods and denominations but all more or less Fine and richly old-toned (from an old collection), all with good full crosses. Estimate: $175-$250.

960. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer D. S-M18; KM-32.2. 5.7 grams. Choice full cross-lions-castles, good full shield with bold assayer to left and denomination II to right, AU details but with very light surface corrosion (no toning). Probably from the “Lucayan Beach wreck” (ca. 1628). Estimate: $100-$150.961. Lot of 2 Mexico City, Mexico, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer P and not visible. KM-33. 13.5 grams total. Nearly full shields and crosses, both richly old-toned and no worse than Fine for wear, a nicely matched pair. Estimate: $100-$150.962. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer not visible (O or F), mintmark oM to left. KM-26. 3.3 grams. Typically broad, thin flan with sharp details (full shield and crown and cross), with clear mintmark to left but flat to right where assayer should be, toned XF with hairline edge-split. Estimate: $70-$100.

963. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1 real, 1730G/R, rare. S-M24. 3.3 grams. Bold full date and oMG with clear over-assayer, good full cross, typically thick flan, worn (Fine+) but with contrasting toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

201

964. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer F to right, encapsulated NGC VG 10. S-M12. Interesting ephemeral monogram (fully visible) with backwards L, S above and V below centerline, good full cross, weak but certain oM-F, nicely toned. Slab gives date range of 1622-62 in error, probably stemming from an old error in KM. Estimate: $80-$120.965. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Philip III, assayer F at upper left, assayer oD below monogram, rare. S-M14a. 1.6 grams. Off-center (but nearly full) monogram with full and bold assayers F and oD, also full crown and cross (the latter well centered), richly old-toned VF. Note this co-assayer struck coins under both Philip II and Philip III, but they are distinguishable in the 1/2R denomination by virtue of the fact that the monograms are different (V above the centerline for Philip III). Pedigreed to our Auction #4, lot 661, with original lot-tag. Estimate: $150-$225.

Klippes968. Mexico City, Mexico, klippe 8 reales, 1734MF, with rare, multiple single-cloud-over-volcano countermarks (Type I, 1838) of Quetzaltenango (Los Altos). S-M28; KM-48; CT-770. 26.7 grams. Choice broad flan cut to be close to square, with choice full details (the flan extending well beyond the legends), especially the date and MF, toned VF and holed as usual; but most important is the presence (albeit muddled) of at least 4 (on top of each other in 2 places) countermarks with distinctively long rays for the independent region of Los Altos (whose capital is Quetzaltenango), which broke from the rest of Guatemala (later re-annexed by Carrera) during the 1838-40 civil war in which the brief Central American Republic split into the separate nations we see today. Estimate: $300-$450.

966. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, 1659P, rare. S-M19. 1.5 grams. Off-center monogram with clear date and bold oM as a result, good full cross, toned Fine, somewhat interesting shape. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of January 2009 (lot 1828). Estimate: $150-$225.967. Mexico City, Mexico, cob 1/2 real, Louis I, assayer D, rare. S-M23. 1.9 grams. Squarish flan with full oM, most of monogram (off-center), nearly full cross, toned AVF. This is the only “affordable” denomination for the Louis I type from Mexico, as the higher denominations (not all of which are proven) rarely have enough legend to show the king’s name or ordinal. Estimate: $90-$135.

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202

Lima Silver CobsEarly pillars type

Shield-type

969. Lima, Peru, 2 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón), motto as PL-VSV-L, obverse legend ending in HISPA. S-L1; KM-8; CT-481. 6.4 grams. Very broad, thin flan with very bold but slightly off-center pillars side, full but doubled and somewhat flat shield side with good full crown, F/VG overall, this combination of motto and legend missing in Sellschopp. Estimate: $500-$750.970. Lima, Peru, 2 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón), motto as PL-VSV-L, obverse legend ending in HISPA. S-L1; KM-8; CT-481. 6.4 grams. Choice, full and bold details and nearly full legends, with nicely contrasting toning all over, VF for wear but holed at top of shield and with old scratches and hairline edge-splits, this combination of motto and legend missing in Sellschopp. Estimate: $350-$500.971. Lima, Peru, 1 real, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón), motto as PL-VSV-TR above denomination (•), obverse legend ending in HISPA. S-L1; KM-6; CT-630. 3.1 grams. Broad flan with much legend and full inner details but with much flatness (as struck), otherwise VF, lightly brown-toned all over. Estimate: $200-$300.972. Lima, Peru, 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón). S-L1; KM-3; CT-702. 0.7 gram. Thin and corroded (small piece of edge missing) from salvage (probably Rimac River), but with full inner details and some legend, toned VF overall. Estimate: $70-$100.

973. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-8 (flat top) to left, (*-oD) to right. S-L4; KM-14; CT-147. 27.0 grams. Impressively round, thick flan with full legends and crown and inner details, the obverse doubled at upper-right and the reverse with very light surface corrosion, otherwise AXF, with nice toning. Estimate: $700-$1,000.974. Lima, Peru, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-4 to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-11; CT-317. 13.8 grams. Choice full details on both sides, including legends and crown, well centered and attractively toned, XF with hint of luster on fields. Estimate: $500-$750.

975. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-ii to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-9; CT-487. 6.4 grams. Bold details enhanced by darkly toned fields, with full crown and nearly full legends, upper-left portion of shield slightly doubled, attractive VF. Estimate: $175-$250.

203

976. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-ii to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-9; CT-487. 6.4 grams. Choice full shield with full HISPANIARVM in legend, good full cross-and-tressure, nice VF with toned fields and very light surface corrosion. Estimate: $150-$225.977. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-ii to left, *-oD to right. S-L4; KM-9; CT-489. 6.9 grams. Richly old-toned XF with choice full shield and cross, most of legends and crown, well centered and full weight. Pedigreed to the Stack’s auction of June 1999, with original lot-tag #806. Estimate: $150-$225.978. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-634. 3.1 grams. Typically sharply detailed full shield and cross-and-tressure, toned XF, but with some peripheral flatness and doubling on both sides. Estimate: $150-$225.

979. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-.D to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-634. 3.3 grams. Round and thin as usual, with full crown and shield and cross-and-tressure, Fine with toned fields but some weak areas. Estimate: $125-$200.980. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-634. 2.5 grams. Broad, thin and round flan with full details on both sides (well centered), including legends, toned, VF details but light surface corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.981. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-634. 3.2 grams. Very sharply detailed full shield, good full cross, toned XF+ with traces of very light surface corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.

982. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-I to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-634. 3.0 grams. Salvaged VF (light surface corrosion) with full inner details and most of crown, some legends, several dark spots. With Forecastle Treasures photo-certificate. Estimate: $90-$135.983. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-oD to left, I-P to right. S-L4; KM-7; CT-633. 3.2 grams. Richly old-toned VF+ with choice full shield and cross-and-tressure, full crown and much legend, tiny edge-split. Estimate: $100-$150.984. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, .D to left, * to right of monogram. S-L4. 1.3 grams. Round flan with full inner details and nearly full legends and crown, toned AXF with hairline edge-split. Estimate: $90-$135.

985. Lima, Peru, cob 1/4 real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, * to left and P right of castle, * to right of lion. S-L4, KM-2. 0.5 gram. Corroded and thin from salvage (probably Rimac River) but with full castle and lion (XF details), mostly toned. Estimate: $100-$150.

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“Star of Lima” type

986. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales Royal, 1659V, “Star of Lima” type, extremely rare (3 known). S-L5; KM-unl (as a Royal); CT-265. 27.3 grams. Even though the “Star of Lima” issue of 1659-60 was not authorized by the king, it appears there were at least two issuances of presentation pieces, both the completely round and broad (and often gilt) “Royals” like this lot and the slightly less-round and generally smaller “pseudo-Royals” like the next lot, which most believe were made to show to the king, who eventually shut down the operation in 1660. While we have handled three of the 1659 pseudo-Royals, this coin is the first full-fledged Royal we have offered, and it is apparently the best of 3 known, the others being Lázaro #A1 (from the 2003 addenda, as missing in the original edition) and the Calicó Plate Coin, both of which are holed and appreciably smaller than our specimen at a diameter of 42 mm, perfectly round, with complete, perfectly centered and well-struck details (just a few minor flat spots). This piece has obviously seen some wear, as it is no better than VF, but most likely the wear is not from circulation so much as from display as a medallion of some sort, especially since there is a plugged hole at the top of the pillars side and traces of gilding. All 3 Royals were struck from the same obverse die, but our coin has a unique reverse. Also all of these full-fledged Royals have •8•V• to either side of the pillars, inside which is L-*-M above a line above 1659, as opposed to the arrangement that is seen on the pseudo-Royals (see next lot). We feel this supports the theory that the pseudo-Royals were an early presentation, lost in the “Jupiter wreck” disaster, while the later “true” Royals were a second attempt to show the king, probably sent to Spain on the next aviso ship in April of 1660, maybe even with the famous 1659 and 1660 8 escudos that are now housed in the Banco de España museum in Madrid. Estimate: $6,000-up.

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205

987. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales presentation strike, 1659V, “Star of Lima” type, very rare (about 4 known). S-L5; KM-18.1; CT-262. 25.4 grams. As stated in the description for the previous lot, there were apparently two types of unauthorized “Star of Lima” presentation pieces made in 1659: one (like this coin) with •V• to left and •8• to right of pillars, inside which is LIMA with big star above (its bottom ray between the I and the M) and 1659 date below, without a line in between; and a later one (like the previous lot) with a different design. It also appears that all known specimens of this earlier V-8 design (including this coin) come from the “Jupiter wreck” of 1659, an aviso ship that set sail from Panama to Spain in September but disappeared without a trace until it was found in modern times off the east coast of Florida. Among the known examples of this “pseudo-Royal” presentation issue (distinguished from regular issues by their round flans, good centering and evenly struck details), this one is the second finest, with full and choice inner details and nearly full legends, just a hint of doubling, attractively toned and almost corrosion-free. One curious sidebar: Mint documents state that the first gold coins were struck on September 18, whereas the San Miguel left Panama on September 10, meaning that it is impossible for any “Star of Lima” gold to have been aboard that ship. Pedigreed to Louis Hudson (1991). Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

988. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1660V, “Star of Lima” type, extremely rare. S-L5; KM-18.2; CT-266. 27.4 grams. While there is much discussion about the evolution and transportation of the 1659 issues (presentation pieces and regular issues), there is no debate that the coins struck in 1660 are the rarest of them all, for minting is known to have ceased in March. This specimen is very desirable, for it shows a full PLVS / • * • / VLTRA between pillars, most of L-8-V to left and right, and (best of all) full and bold .660. date in center at bottom above full waves, the crown at top nearly full also, all well centered, with full but slightly off-center cross on the reverse, VF for wear, with nice light toning all over (just a few dark spots on obverse), solid and full weight. Estimate: $8,000-$12,000.

206

989. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1660V, “Star of Lima” type, rare. S-L5; KM-15; CT-990. 2.0 grams. Curious design with 660 above I*I between pillars and •L-V• to either side, this specimen with only the left half of date boldly visible (off-center strike), the cross similarly incomplete but well detailed, very lightly corroded (probably from the Rimac River) but technically VF, with contrasting toning around details. Estimate: $500-$750.

993. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1701H. S-L15; KM-24; CT-247. 24.9 grams. Good full cross with CA- of (posthumous) king’s name in legend, full pillars-and-waves with 2 bold mintmarks, Fine with contrasting toning, curious triangular cut at top. Estimate: $125-$200.994. Lot of 7 Lima, Peru, cob 2R, Philip V, various dates (where visible). 42.6 grams total. All worn (Fine on average) but nicely toned, much flatness but enough details to attribute, no holes or corrosion. Estimate: $250-$375.

995. Lima, Peru, cob 2 reales, 1740/39V, unlisted overdate. S-L22; KM-unl; CT-unl. 6.9 grams. Bold date between full pillars, good full cross-lions-castles with contrasting toning, Fine overall, unlisted overdate (first we have seen or heard of in this denomination). Estimate: $90-$135.996. Lot of 6 Lima, Peru, cob 2R and 1R, Philip V to Ferdinand VI, various dates. 25.9 grams total. Three of each denomination, lightly toned Fine+ on average, all with at least partial dates visible, no holes or corrosion. Estimate: $150-$225.

997. Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, 1692V. S-L10; KM-20; CT-682. 3.4 grams. Big oval flan with 3 dates and bold assayer, full crown, one full pillar, half of cross, VF+ with flat areas, lightly toned. Estimate: $50-$75.

Pillars-and-waves

990. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1685R. S-L7; KM-24; CT-228. 27.4 grams. Full but off-center pillars-and-waves, good but slightly doubled full cross-lions-castles, deeply toned (the cross side darker) AXF, with old test-cuts in part of edge, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks and assayers. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of March 1998, lot #1562. Estimate: $350-$500.

991. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1686R. S-L7; KM-24; CT-229. 24.7 grams. Bold full cross-lions-castles, nearly full pillars with 2 bold mintmarks, VF details but salvaged (light surface corrosion), toned fields. Pedigreed to the P.J. Byers collection and our Auction #9, with original lot-tag #1096. Estimate: $250-$375.

992. Lima, Peru, cob 8 reales, 1687R. S-L7; KM-24; CT-230. 27.0 grams. Full and well-centered pillars-and-waves, good full cross-lions-castles, VF with flat peripheries, very lightly toned. Estimate: $300-$450.

207

998. Lot of 8 Lima, Peru, cob 1R, Charles II and Philip V, various dates. 20.0 grams total. Toned Fine+ on average, all with clear dates and other good details, 2 with holes but none salvaged. Estimate: $250-$375.999. Lot of 4 Lima, Peru, cobs 1R and 1/2R, Charles II and Ferdinand VI, various dates. 10.1 grams total. Three 1R (1695, 1700 and 1749) and one 1/2R (1694), all nicely detailed VF-XF but most with light surface corrosion as from salvage. Estimate: $100-$150.1000. Lot of 2 small Lima, Peru, cobs of Philip V: 1R 1711M and 1/2R 1746. 2.3 grams total. The 1R is well-detailed AVF but clipped; the 1/2R is lightly corroded but has a full date; therefore both are underweight but decent, with good toning. The 1/2R was reportedly salvaged from a wreck off St. Augustine, Florida. Estimate: $70-$100.

1005. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1705. S-L15a; KM-30; CT-1754. 1.5 grams. Super VF specimen with full and bold cross-lions-castles, monogram and date, also nearly full crown, all attractively toned. Estimate: $60-$90.

1006. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1707. S-L17; KM-30; CT-1756. 1.6 grams. Bold full monogram and date, full but fainter cross-lions-castles, toned all over, Fine+. Estimate: $40-$60.

1007. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1708. S-L17; KM-30; CT-1757. 1.5 grams. Broad-flan VF with full monogram and cross, nearly full date, bold king’s ordinal V, patchy toning and central weakness. Estimate: $40-$60.

1001. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1684. S-L6; KM-22; CT-785. 1.6 grams. Bold full monogram and date, full cross-lions-castles with central weakness, richly old-toned VF. Estimate: $50-$75.

1002. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1694. S-L11; KM-22; CT-795. 0.9 gram. Bold date below nearly full monogram, one full castle and some bold legend on other side, toned AXF but thin from salvage. With old Almanzar’s auction tag. Estimate: $50-$75.1003. Lot of 3 Lima, Peru, cob 1/2R of Charles II: 1684, 1693 and 1694. KM-22. 3.8 grams total. Full monograms and crosses (or nearly so), all richly old-toned, the 1684 with full LIMA in legend but clipped, the 1693 with 2 dates but holed, and the 1694 with full crown but salvaged, average of VF overall. Estimate: $100-$150.

1004. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1701, Philip V (rare). S-L15a; KM-30; CT-unl. 1.6 grams. Cute turnip shape with full monogram and date, most of cross with bold vertical component, bold and toned VF but with light surface corrosion. Estimate: $70-$100.

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208

1008. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1709. S-L18; KM-30; CT-1758. 1.4 grams. Bold full monogram and date, nearly full cross, toned VF with very light surface corrosion as from salvage. Estimate: $40-$60.

1009. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1710. S-L19; KM-30; CT-1759. 1.6 grams. Bold full date and monogram, most of cross, VF with orange toning on fields, peripheral flatness. Estimate: $40-$60.

1010. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1711. S-L20; KM-30; CT-1760. 1.7 grams. Very bold 711 date (lucky number!) below full monogram, good full cross, richly old-toned AVF, nice large flan. With old Almanzar’s auction tag. Estimate: $50-$75.

1011. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1714/3. S-L20; KM-30; CT-unl. 1.5 grams. Bold but off-center date with clear 4/3, good cross with PHI- of king’s name in legend, much flatness but no worse than AVF overall. Estimate: $60-$90.

1012. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1723. S-L20; KM-30; CT-1772. 1.3 grams. Bold full date below off-center monogram, nearly full cross, broad flan but much flatness, nicely toned Fine+. Estimate: $50-$75.

1013. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1724. S-L20; KM-30; CT-1773. 1.2 grams. Broad, thin flan with bold full monogram above date, nearly full cross with second date below, richly old-toned Fine. Estimate: $50-$75.

1014. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1729. S-L21; KM-30a; CT-1775. 2.4 grams. Thick (overweight) flan with bold full date, most of cross, toned Fine+. Estimate: $50-$75.

1015. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1730. S-L21; KM-30a; CT-1776. 1.8 grams. Full and bold monogram and date, full but cruder cross-lions-castles, toned VF, broad flan. Estimate: $50-$75.

209

1016. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1735/4N, rare. S-L21; KM-unl; CT-unl. 1.7 grams. Full monogram and date, with mintmark to left and assayer to right, second assayer to right of off-center cross, unevenly struck AVF with very light toning. Estimate: $60-$90.

1017. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1743V. S-L22; KM-30a; CT-1790. 1.7 grams. Full date and monogram, assayer to right of off-center cross, lightly toned AVF. Estimate: $40-$60.1018. Lot of 9 Lima, Peru, cob 1/2R of Philip V, various dates. 12.3 grams total. Nice little date-run of problem-free coins, all toned and F-VF on average, consisting of: 1702 (3 specimens, with distinctive monogram), 1719, 1720, 1721, 1726, 1727 and 1742V. Estimate: $250-$375.

1019. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1748V. S-L22a; KM-41; CT-631. 1.0 gram. Bold full date and monogram and assayer to right, good full cross, lightly clipped but fortunately well centered, AVF with nice toning, somewhat scarce. Estimate: $50-$75.

1020. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1749(R). S-L23; KM-41; CT-632. 1.8 grams. Bold date, most of monogram and cross, toned VF but uneven strike, scarce. Estimate: $40-$60.

1021. Lima, Peru, cob 1/2 real, 1752(R), very rare final year of cobs. S-L23; KM-41; CT-unl. 1.7 grams. One hundred percent full monogram with bold date below, nearly full and equally bold cross, deeply toned AVF, surely one of the best examples out there (if not THE best) of the rare and desirable last date. With old Almanzar’s auction tag. Estimate: $70-$100.1022. Lot of 5 Lima, Peru, cob 1/2R of Ferdinand VI, various dates (1748-1751), where visible. KM-41. 7.3 grams total. Mostly full monograms but incomplete dates and crosses, nicely toned AVF on average, all problem-free except for one that was salvaged, generally scarce. Estimate: $125-$200.

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210

Potosí Silver Cobs

1025. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-5.1. 26.6 grams. Bold full shield and cross-and-tressure, very well-detailed, also with much bold legend, with doubling on the mintmark-assayer and parts of edge crude (as made), nicely toned VF. Estimate: $175-$250.

Shield-type

1023. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón), extremely rare first “dollar” of Potosí. S-P1; KM-5.1; CT-142. 27.0 grams. The most desirable coins of each of the main colonial mints are its first 8 reales, all very rare, and all with the same assayer-mark R for Rincón (starting with Francisco in Mexico and continuing with his brother Alonso in Lima and Potosí). The Mexican is the rarest, represented by just 3 specimens, all from one shipwreck, the best of which sold at auction a few years ago for about $374,000. The Lima specimens are next, about 7-10 known, the best of which sold at auction decades ago for about $132,000. A not-so-distant third is Potosí, with about 10-15 specimens known, the best of which sold at auction decades ago for about $25,000. Since then, the number of Potosí cob collectors has increased, and we can think of several advanced Potosí 8R collectors whose collections lack only the first issue of Rincón. While the present specimen is doubled on both sides, with a weak spot in both centers, the fact is that it is still well detailed, with much bold legend and shield and crown, also cross-lions-castles with distinctive tressure, and well centered, no worse than AVF, with contrasting toning on fields. We congratulate the next owner in advance! Estimate: $10,000-up.

1024. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-5.1. 26.5 grams. Choice full inner details (shield, cross, etc.) on both sides, well centered and without flatness, also nearly full legends and full crown, attractively toned and VF+ for wear, one of the best examples we have seen. Estimate: $250-$375.

211

1027. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period), borders of x’s. S-P14; KM-5.5. 27.2 grams. Nice full crown, good full shield and cross, full P-B and denomination oVIII, prominent borders, VF with light rose toning, plugged hole at bottom of cross. Estimate: $125-$200.

1028. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer R (curved leg). S-P15; KM-10; CT-126 . 26.5 grams. Full shield with bold R to left, nearly full crown, full but partially weak cross, Fine+ with small spots of toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

1026. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (4th period). S-P12; KM-5.1. 24.2 grams. Bold full shield and crown and P-B, also much legend, but with strange damage at bottom of shield and corrosion on cross side (still solid), Fine+ overall. Estimate: $100-$150.

1029. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer R (curved leg). S-P15; KM-10; CT-126 . 26.3 grams. Bold full shield (slightly doubled) with P-R to left and denomination oVIII to right, the cross also bold and full, with contrasting toning, AVF or so, uneven thickness (as made). Estimate: $125-$200.

1030. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer R (curved leg). S-P15; KM-10; CT-126 . 27.1 grams. Choice full shield and cross, bold mintmark P and denomination oVIII (assayer weak), nice AVF with toning around details. Estimate: $125-$200.

1031. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer Q. S-P17; KM-10; CT-124. 27.2 grams. Perfectly round flan with choice full shield and cross, clear P-Q, nice AVF with patchy toning. Estimate: $125-$200.

1032. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1617M, first date on Potosí cobs. S-P19; KM-10; CT-129. 27.2 grams. Choice specimen with bold and well-detailed full crown, shield and cross-lions-castles, clear date and cross-shaped ornament in legend, full P-M, silvery XF with spots of black. Estimate: $500-$750.

212

1033. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1619T, quadrants of cross transposed. S-P21; KM-10; CT-134. 26.4 grams. Choice full shield and cross, both well detailed, with bold denomination oVIII, bottom half of date (the 9 with long tail), nicely toned AXF. Estimate: $200-$300.

1034. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible, probably from the Atocha (1622). KM-10. 24.2 grams. Well-detailed full shield and cross despite light surface corrosion all over (otherwise AXF, with peripheral flatness), lightly golden-toned, once owned by the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” of the Atocha in 1985. Pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $125-$200.

1035. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (1)6ZIII [1623], assayer not visible, quadrants of cross transposed, very rare. KM-19. 24.9 grams. Full shield and cross despite moderate surface corrosion (AVF otherwise), but with bold III of date and most of the 6 and Z as well, popular as evidence of an interesting stop-gap solution to an apparent lack of a 3-punch (or knowledge of what a 3 looked like, perhaps). Estimate: $350-$500.

1036. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (style of mid-1620s), quadrants of cross transposed, ex-Panama hoard. KM-19. 25.2 grams. Full but doubled cross and shield (the latter also off-center), AVF, with lots of orange sediment on fields. From the ca.-1629 “Panama hoard.” Estimate: $125-$200.

1037. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)27T, ex-Panama hoard, rare. S-P24; KM-19a; CT-466. 27.0 grams. Broad flan with choice full shield and cross (both slightly doubled), bold date (much rarer than the 1628-9 you see all the time from this hoard), well-detailed XF with light orange sediment on fields, small edge-split. From the ca.-1629 “Panama hoard.” Estimate: $250-$375.

1038. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1628P, ex-Panama hoard. S-P25; KM-19a; CT-469. 26.5 grams. Crude flan with large edge-crack, area of extra metal and some flat spots, but still with full shield (off-center) and cross, clear bottoms of all 4 digits of date, full denomination OVIII, VF with orange sediment on fields. From the ca.-1629 “Panama hoard.” Estimate: $175-$250.

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213

1039. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)29(T), heavy-dot borders, denomination oVIII, ex-Panama hoard. S-P26; KM-19a; CT-470. 26.7 grams. Bold full 29 of date outside full cross, well-detailed full shield, PHIL- of king’s name in legend, VF+ with lots of orange sediment on fields. From the ca.-1629 “Panama hoard.” Estimate: $150-$225.

1040. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (16)29T, heavy-dot borders, denomination oVIII, quadrants of cross transposed. S-P26; KM-19a; CT-470. 26.8 grams. Messy final digit of date, full but partially flat cross and shield, bold mintmark P, nicely toned Fine+. Estimate: $125-$200.

1041. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1629T, heavy-dot borders, denomination 8. S-P26; KM-19a; CT-470. 26.1 grams. Choice full shield with clear P-T to left and denomination to right, clear date outside of full but slightly doubled cross, darkly toned VF with light surface corrosion, large hole at edge. Estimate: $100-$150.

1042. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, (163)3T, rare. S-P26; KM-19a; CT-475. 27.3 grams. Choice, well-detailed full shield and cross-lions-castles, full •P•T• and denomination •8•, nearly full crown, bottom half of final digit of date, attractively toned VF with small edge-split. Estimate: $200-$300.

1043. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer TR (large, ca. 1640). S-P27; KM-19a. 27.2 grams. Full and bold assayer, well-detailed (for the period) full shield and cross (the latter off-center), VF with some flat spots. Estimate: $125-$200.

1044. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer TR (large, mid-1640s). S-P29; KM-19a. 27.7 grams. Curiously small but overweight flan, with full but double-struck shield and off-center cross, possible over-assayer, Fine+. Estimate: $100-$150.

1045. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 164(?)Z/?, rare. S-P34; KM-19a. 27.4 grams. Broad flan with good full shield, off-center cross, bold denomination 8 and mintmark P but assayer somewhat weak (looks like Z/V), with full 164 of date followed by what looks like the bottom of a final digit 7 but is probably just a second appearance of the penultimate digit 4 due to doubling on that side. Estimate: $350-$500.

214

1046. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer M to left, rare. S-P2; KM-4.2; CT-323. 13.1 grams. Exceptionally broad flan with full and bold legends and crown (very well detailed), full inner details too, the P-M quite clear, all nicely toned and no worse than AVF but with some weak areas, still an impressive example of this rare second-assayer issue, whose neat style has perpetuated the Sellschopp myth that these coins were struck at Lima (proven wrong by documentation), per Calicó and some other references. Advanced collectors will want to note that this specimen has the earliest style of lions (not the “flat” lions that came next), which are usually seen on examples with P-M to right (and with smaller M). Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1047. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (1st period). S-P4; KM-4.2. 13.5 grams. Broad, round flan with full but slightly doubled shield and cross, bold P-B and much legend despite light surface corrosion, otherwise VF with some contrasting toning. While the difference between 1st and 2nd periods of B is more obvious in 8R, for the 4R denomination it appears the only difference is the spelling of HISPANIARVM without the initial H, which is clearly the case for this coin. Estimate: $150-$225.

1048. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period), encapsulated NGC F 12. S-P10; KM-4.2. Well-centered full shield and cross-and-tressure, also full crown and clear mintmark-assayer and denomination, nicely toned AVF in our opinion. Estimate: $200-$300.1049. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer A. S-P11; KM-4.2; CT-346. 13.2 grams. Slightly odd-shaped flan (part of edge crude), with good full shield and cross, bold mintmark and denomination but assayer weak, much legend, VF with toning around details. Estimate: $150-$225.1050. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer Q. S-P17; KM-9; CT-243. 12.7 grams. Nearly full shield and cross despite peripheral flatness due to uneven thickness, clear assayer, AVF with no toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

1051. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip IIII, assayer M. S-P18; KM-9; CT-242. 13.7 grams. Round flan with full but partially flat shield and cross, clear assayer, About Fine with spots of green and brown. Estimate: $90-$135.1052. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer T, rotated-o4 denomination, quadrants of cross transposed. S-P21; KM-9. 13.6 grams. Bold full shield with bold PxT and denomination o4 (rotated 90 degrees), nearly full cross, slightly crude edge (as made), nicely toned VF. Estimate: $200-$300.1053. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer T, quadrants of cross transposed. S-P21; KM-9. 12.5 grams. Full and well-detailed shield with bold T to left, full cross, frosty (non-toned) XF. Estimate: $100-$150.

215

1054. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer T. S-P21; KM-9. 12.8 grams. Bold T to left of full but partially flat shield, the cross also partially flat, otherwise AXF and frosty (no toning). Estimate: $100-$150.1055. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-3.2. 6.5 grams. Round, thin flan with typically well-detailed full shield and cross, much legend, VF with spotty toning and minor weak spots. Estimate: $100-$150.1056. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer Q/C (rare), error with modified 2 for S in HISPA(NIARVM). S-P17; KM-8; CT-unl. 6.9 grams. Choice bold shield (very well detailed) with bold Q/C to left and much legend, the cross also full and bold but somewhat doubled, VF+ with attractive toning. This type typically comes with a backwards S in the legend, but this is the first time we have seen the use of a small 2. Estimate: $125-$200.

1057. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, Philip III, assayer not visible. KM-8. 5.9 grams. Good full shield and cross, VF details but light surface corrosion, no toning. Estimate: $90-$135.1058. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer A. S-P11; KM-2.2; CT-648. 3.5 grams. Superb full inner details (cross, shield, denomination and P-A) enhanced by contrasting toning on fields, VF for wear. Estimate: $80-$120.1059. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1646, assayer not visible, error denomination “z,” very rare. KM-12a. 3.7 grams. Very odd, crude shape (edge-splits, as made), with nearly full shield and cross, clear date and (erroneous) denomination, Fine with contrasting toning but also dull in color all over due to (assumed) low fineness. Estimate: $150-up.1060. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer B to left, mintmark P below monogram (2nd period), unique error with reverse struck from 1R die. S-P6; KM-unl. 1.7 grams. Scarce arrangement of assayer and mintmark but first time we have seen it with 1R-sized (full) cross, the monogram side off-center, with full crown as a result, with very prominent compass-point in center of full monogram, richly old-toned VF. Estimate: $75-$110.

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216

1652 transitionals

1063. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales Royal, 1654E, PH at top. S-P37a; KM-R21; CT-411. 27.3 grams. Choice specimen with full and bold details on both sides, including legends, enhanced by contrasting toning, just the cross slightly doubled, with very little evidence of wear except on the high points (XF overall), a die-match with Lázaro #141 (even doubled in many of the same places, perhaps an indicator of die-doubling), but unlike that coin, which has two blatant holes, this piece has just one expertly plugged hole at the very edge (on the H of HISPANIARVM). Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

1061. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, (1652E) transitional, McLean Type IIb. S-P37; KM-unl; CT-unl. 1.0 gram. Bold full pillars with P-LV-SV / L-TR-A (weak on the right side), good but off-center full cross, VF+ with dark toning on fields. Pedigreed to our auction #3, lot 574. Estimate: $100-$150.

1062. Potosí, Bolivia, 1/2 real, 1652E transitional, McLean Type IIc. S-P37; KM-unl; CT-1178. 1.3 grams. Full date in legend (very rare thus), with full pillars-and-waves showing motto (PL)-VS-(VL) / T-R-A, off-center cross, toned VF with surface corrosion. Estimate: $70-$100.

Pillars-and-waves

1064. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1655E, PH at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-439. 27.5 grams. Good full pillars-and-waves with bold assayer and mintmark but the date somewhat doubled, also good full cross with second mintmark, toned Fine+ with peripheral flatness. Estimate: $150-$225.

217

1065. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1657E, PH at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-unl. 26.2 grams. Good full cross, full but doubled pillars side, 3 dates and mintmarks, Fine+ with contrasting toning. Estimate: $200-$300.1066. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1657E, pomegranate at top. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-445. 27.3 grams. Full but doubled and partially flat pillars-and-waves, full but oddly pockmarked cross, most of 3 dates and assayers and mintmarks, richly toned Fine+ overall. Estimate: $200-$300.1067. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1667E. S-P37a; KM-21; CT-342. 27.9 grams. Choice full pillars but with flat spot in center, good full cross, 3 mintmarks, 2 dates and assayers, toned AXF with edge-splits. Estimate: $150-$225.

1068. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales Royal, 1669E. S-P37b; KM-R26; CT-305. 26.3 grams. Among the round presentation pieces known as “Royals,” this is a gem, for the flan is very broad and perfectly round, with choice bold details on both sides, richly old-toned, with a minimum of doubling and wear (VF overall), with the inevitable (but tiny) hole at top of pillars, also different dies from Lázaro’s two specimens (#181 and 182). Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

1069. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1672E, unique error with 2 of date rendered as “Z” (sideways N punch). S-P37b; KM-26; CT-347. 25.5 grams. Full pillars with clear 7 and sideways N for date (first we have seen), full but off-center cross with crown and CAR- of king’s name above, solid and practically uncorroded AVF despite the shipwreck provenance. From the Association (1707). Estimate: $200-up.

218

1070. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1679V. S-P39; KM-26; CT-359. 26.4 grams. THREE bold pillars due to doubling, choice full cross (also slightly doubled), 2 dates and assayers, CAR- of king’s name, toned AVF with very light surface corrosion (unidentified salvage). Estimate: $200-$300.

1071. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1685VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT-368. 26.8 grams. Good full pillars-and-waves with bold second date in legend, third date below full cross, also 3 assayers and mintmarks, well-centered AVF with light toning all over. Estimate: $350-$500.

1072. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1687VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT-372. 26.7 grams. Much flatness but otherwise full pillars-and-waves and cross, full crown, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks, Fine or so. Estimate: $150-$225.

1073. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1689VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT-374. 26.9 grams. Good full cross with bold mintmark and assayer and date, full but doubled pillars with second date and mintmark, AVF with contrasting toning on fields. From the 1696 Panama hoard, with photo-certificate, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of October, 1992, with original lot-tag #689. Estimate: $250-$375.

1074. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1691VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT-377. 27.3 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves, full but doubled cross, 3 dates and mintmarks, attractively toned VF+. Estimate: $350-$500.

1075. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1692VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT-378. 26.1 grams. Good full pillars-and-waves, full but partially flat and slightly off-center cross, 2 bold mintmarks, nicely toned AVF. Estimate: $300-$450.

1076. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1692VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT-378. 26.7 grams. Full pillars-and-waves, nearly full cross with good full crown above and bold CARO- of king’s name in legend, 3 dates and assayers, VF+ with flat spots (somewhat crude flan) but nicely toned. From the 1696 Panama hoard, with photo-certificate, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of October, 1992, with original lot-tag #690. Estimate: $250-$375.

219

1077. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1693VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT-379. 27.3 grams. Bold full pillars-and-waves with particularly prominent date with interesting style of 3 with pointed center, good nearly full cross, bold VF, attractively toned but with peripheral flatness. Estimate: $350-$500.

1078. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1696VR. S-P40; KM-26; CT-382. 26.8 grams. Choice full cross and bold full pillars, 2 dates and 3 assayers, some peripheral flatness due to uneven thickness but with contrasting toning, VF overall. Estimate: $350-$500.

1079. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1699F. S-P42; KM-26; CT-388. 26.9 grams. Bold full pillars-and-waves, nearly full cross, 2 clear dates and mintmarks, VF with peripheral flatness and contrasting toning. Estimate: $350-$500.

1080. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1700F. S-P42; KM-26; CT-389. 26.5 grams. Typically crude strike (weak spots from uneven thickness) but remarkable with 3 clear dates, 2 mintmarks, full EL PERV, toned AVF. Estimate: $400-$600.

1081. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1701F. S-P42; KM-26; CT-391. 27.3 grams. Interesting “88” denomination due to doubling on full pillars, full but crude cross due to uneven strike, 2 bold mintmarks, toned AVF with edge-split. Estimate: $350-$500.

1082. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1701Y. S-P43; KM-26; CT-392. 24.7 grams. Off-center pillars with bold date and 2 assayers, full but typically crude cross, interestingly barrel-shaped flan, lightly toned Fine. Estimate: $350-$500.

1083. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1702Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-862. 27.9 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves with bold date and assayer, full but slightly off-center cross with second bold date below, just above king’s ordinal V in legend, AVF with toning around details. Estimate: $500-$750.

1084. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1703Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-863. 26.7 grams. Good full pillars-and-waves with clear date and 2 mintmarks and assayers, full but cruder cross with bold HISPANI in legend, Fine+ with spots of green and brown. Estimate: $350-$500.

220

1085. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1704Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-864. 26.9 grams. Full pillars-and-waves with 1-1/2 dates and assayers, full but off-center and slightly doubled cross, Fine with flatness, toned fields, edge-split. Estimate: $350-$500.

1086. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1705Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-865. 27.0 grams. Crude shape (as made), with bold date between full pillars, second date below and bold assayer to right of nearly full cross, Fine with toning around details. Estimate: $350-$500.

1087. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1706Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-866. 26.2 grams. Full but doubled and nicely contrasted pillars with bold date and assayer and mintmark, second of each outside crudely doubled cross with much flatness, Fine+ overall. Estimate: $350-$500.

1088. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1707Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-867. 26.7 grams. Full pillars with bold date, slightly off-center cross with much flatness, Fine with contrasting toning. Estimate: $350-$500.

1089. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1708Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-868. 26.5 grams. Bold waves and full but partially flat pillars with clear date and 2 assayers, slightly off-center cross, Fine with toning around details. Estimate: $350-$500.

1090. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1709Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-869. 26.7 grams. Good full pillars with bold date, full but doubled cross, toned Fine. Estimate: $300-$450.

1091. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1712Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-872. 26.7 grams. Two full dates and 3 assayers, full pillars, off-center cross with (PHIL)IPPVS V in legend, Fine with toning on fields. Estimate: $300-$450.

1092. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1714Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-874. 26.6 grams. Very choice strike for this scarce date, with full and well-centered pillars and cross, bold date, VF with toning on fields. Estimate: $600-$900.

221

1093. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1715Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-875. 26.6 grams. Full date (scarce) between full pillars with clear assayer, nearly full cross with clear mintmark, lightly toned Fine with flat spots. Estimate: $350-$500.

1094. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1716Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-876. 27.7 grams. Bold full pillars, very well centered, the cross less so but still full, 2 dates and assayers, richly toned VF with peripheral flatness. Estimate: $400-$600.

1095. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1716Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-876. 26.7 grams. Nice full cross, full pillars with doubling below, 2 clear dates, toned AVF with edge-splits. Estimate: $250-$375.

1096. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1717Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-877. 26.8 grams. Good full pillars with bold date, also good full cross, the peripheries flat as usual but AVF overall, with toned fields. Estimate: $350-$500.

1097. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1718Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-878. 27.0 grams. Broad flan with full pillars-and-waves, full but doubled cross, 2 dates and mintmarks and assayers, nicely toned AVF with bid edge-split. Estimate: $350-$500.

1098. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1719Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-879. 26.9 grams. Thick, roundish flan with full cross and pillars but peripheral flatness, bold assayer and 2 clear dates and mintmarks, Fine with toned fields. Estimate: $350-$500.

1099. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1720Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-880. 27.3 grams. Typically uneven in thickness but with most of cross and pillars, 2 dates, Fine with flat areas, toned fields. Estimate: $300-$450.

1100. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1721Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-881. 26.9 grams. Full and well-centered pillars-and-waves with clear date, good full cross with bold assayer, crude edge (as made), Fine+ with flatness, toned fields. Estimate: $300-$450.

222

1101. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1722Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-882. 27.0 grams. Full pillars with 2 clear dates dues to doubling, good full cross, toned VF with typically crude edge. Estimate: $400-$600.

1102. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1723Y. S-P43a; KM-31; CT-883. 27.0 grams. Choice specimen of a scarce issue (missing in Karon), with 2-1/2 dates, 3 assayers, nice full pillars-and-waves and cross, VF with flat spots as usual, toned around details. Estimate: $600-$900.

1103. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1726Y, (Louis I). S-P43b; KM-35; CT-25. 26.2 grams. Nearly full and well-centered pillars-and-waves and cross, bold date and assayer, peripherally flat but no worse than AVF overall, with toned fields, popular as a scarce type-coin but king’s name not visible. Estimate: $400-$600.

1104. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1728M. S-P44; KM-31; CT-885. 26.3 grams. Good full pillars-and-waves with bold date and assayer and POTO(SI) in legend, crude cross with second date below, VF+ with flatness, toned fields. Estimate: $275-$400.

1105. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1729M. S-P44; KM-31a; CT-886. 27.7 grams. Bold date above waves, good but off-center cross, bold mintmark and assayer, AVF with darkly toned fields, chunky flan as usual. Estimate: $200-$300.

1106. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1731M. S-P44; KM-31a; CT-888. 26.6 grams. Chunky flan but with good detail enhanced by toning, full but doubled pillars-and-waves and cross, 2 bold mintmarks, parts of 3 dates, Fine. Estimate: $150-$225.

1107. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1737M. S-P47; KM-31a; CT-898. 26.7 grams. Good full pillars with bold date, 2 mintmarks and assayers, bold cross with date below and third mintmark to left, AVF with deeply toned fields. Estimate: $250-$375.

1108. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1740M. S-P47; KM-31a; CT-901. 27.2 grams. High grade for type (XF+) but typically chunky, with full pillars and cross, all 3 dates (including bold 40 in legend) and mintmarks and assayers, attractively toned with good contrast around details. Estimate: $200-$300.

223

1109. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1743C, edge cut (23.5 grams). S-P49; KM-31a; CT-906. 23.5 grams. Bold date and denomination between pillars, nice but off-center cross with bold mintmark, attractively toned all over, the tangential cut very prominent and believed to correspond to a mid-1700s African standard, VF+. Estimate: $150-$225.

1110. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1749q. S-P50a; KM-40; CT-359. 26.6 grams. Darkly toned and high grade (XF) as probably from a wreck off Spain (no corrosion), full and bold but slightly doubled pillars with bold date, nearly full cross. Estimate: $250-$375.

1111. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1751q/E, very rare. S-P52; KM-40; CT-unl. 26.4 grams. Chunky flan with crude edge (as made, lots of small splits), good full pillars and cross, 2 bold dates, 3 assayers (all with traces of q/E, just the third example of that over-assayer we have traced), attractively rainbow-toned AXF. Estimate: $350-$500.

1112. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1754C+q, rare. S-P53; KM-40; CT-371. 27.0 grams. Full pillars with bold date and assayer C at upper-right, weaker but certain q at lower-left, off-center cross with clear C to right and bold date below, chunky AVF with dark toning around details, attempted puncture (old) at top. Estimate: $250-$375.

1113. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1762V-Y. S-P57; KM-45; CT-949. 27.0 grams. Crudely uneven thickness but bold strike, with full and nicely contrasted pillars and cross, 3 dates and assayers, attractively toned, and an example of a curious trait we have noticed in late Potosí cobs that show heavy graininess on opposite ends of each side of the coin, attractively toned AXF with tiny part of edge bent. Estimate: $150-$225.

1114. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1771V-(Y). S-P59; KM-45; CT-962. 26.9 grams. Chunky, somewhat squarish flan with full but off-center pillars, nearly full (oversized) cross, toned Fine+ with parts of edge crude (as made). Estimate: $150-$225.

1115. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 8 reales, 1772V-(Y). S-P59; KM-45; CT-963. 27.1 grams. Very crude, chunky flan with ragged edge and flat spots (as made), bold date and denomination on pillars side, partial cross with second date below, VF+ with light dusty toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

1116. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1689VR. S-P40; KM-25; CT-517. 13.9 grams. Well-centered full cross and pillars, 2 dates, 3 mintmarks and assayers, nice AVF with toning (some dark spots). Estimate: $275-$400.

224

1117. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 4 reales, 1743C. S-P49; KM-30a; CT-1128. 13.9 grams. Full pillars with bold date and denomination, good full cross, flat peripheries and somewhat crude overall, toned Fine. Estimate: $200-$300.1118. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1658E. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-906. 6.2 grams. Good full cross, perfectly full but off-center pillars-and-waves, 3 dates and mintmarks, 2 assayers, full HISPANIARVM, lightly toned AVF. Estimate: $125-$200.1119. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1663E. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-911. 5.4 grams. Full but mostly flat pillars-and-waves and cross, 2 dates and assayers, PHI- of king’s name in legend, Fine with peripheral flat area, toned around details, the low weight inexplicable. From the 1696 Panama hoard, with photo-certificate, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of October, 1992, with original lot-tag #658. Estimate: $125-$200.

1120. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1664E. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-912. 6.8 grams. Choice full pillars, nearly full cross, 2 dates, Fine+ with contrasting toning but peripheral flatness. From the 1696 Panama hoard, with photo-certificate, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of October, 1992, with original lot-tag #659. Estimate: $125-$200.1121. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1664E, date as “664” below cross. S-P37a; KM-16; CT-unl. 6.7 grams. Huge flan with choice full details on both sides, 2 bold dates, including a very clear 664 instead of the usual 64 below cross, lightly toned AXF with some peripheral flatness and slightly crude edge (as made, splits, etc.). Estimate: $125-$200.1122. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1668E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-595. 5.6 grams. Choice full cross, full waves with one bold full pillar, much of king’s name in legend, 2 dates and assayers, VF with contrasting toning, inexplicably low weight. From the 1696 Panama hoard, with photo-certificate, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of October, 1992, with original lot-tag #660. Estimate: $125-$200.

1123. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1669E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-596. 6.1 grams. Large, odd-shaped flan with full and well-centered but slightly doubled pillars-and-waves with clear date, full but somewhat flat cross, Fine+ with dark spots and peripheral flatness. Estimate: $60-$90.1124. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1674E. S-P37b; KM-24; CT-601. 7.5 grams. Full and nicely detailed but double-struck pillars, full cross, AVF with toning on fields, inexplicably overweight. Estimate: $70-$100.1125. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1677+76E, rare. S-P37b; KM-unl; CT-unl. 6.0 grams. Excellent full (and well-centered) pillars with 2 very bold mintmarks and clear date 77, good full cross, with flat left side but bold assayer and second date 776 (third specimen we have offered), AXF with nicely toned fields, low weight as (seems to be) usual for this hoard. From the 1696 Panama hoard, with photo-certificate, and pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of October, 1992, with original lot-tag #666. Estimate: $150-$225.1126. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1682V. S-P39; KM-24; CT-611. 6.7 grams. Good full inner details, including bold (slightly doubled) pillars and cross-lions-castles, also richly toned, 3 assayers, CAROL(VS) in legend, VF+. Estimate: $150-$225.

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1127. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1684V. S-P39; KM-24; CT-613. 5.6 grams. Broad flan (inexplicably underweight) with nice full pillars-and-waves, full but slightly doubled cross-lions-castles, 3 dates, deeply toned VF with peripheral flat areas. Estimate: $150-$225.1128. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1690VR. S-P40; KM-24; CT-621. 7.0 grams. Full and nice but off-center cross with bold mintmark and date, full but cruder pillars-and-waves with full assayer and 2 more dates, AVF with dark brown spots. Estimate: $175-$250.1129. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1691VR. S-P40; KM-24; CT-622. 7.3 grams. Thick and overweight flan with choice but off-center cross-lions-castles and full but encrusted pillars-and-waves, bold date and assayer, part of king’s name in legend, VF+ overall. Estimate: $150-$225.

1136. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1743/2C/P, unique overdate. S-P49; KM-unl; CT-unl. 6.4 grams. Curious shape, excellent full cross and pillars, one bold assayer with parts of 2 others that show traces of C/P, one bold date with weak but certain (and unique) 3/2, Fine with dark and contrasting toning on fields. Estimate: $150-up.

1130. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1697VR. S-P40; KM-24; CT-628. 5.1 grams. Full pillars and nearly full cross, 2 dates, bold assayer and mintmark, somewhat thin and also tangentially clipped, Fine+ with flat areas but contrasting toning. Estimate: $70-$100.1131. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1704Y. S-P43a; KM-29; CT-1326. 6.6 grams. Exceptional detail and evenness for the period and unusually well centered on a broad flan, with full but slightly doubled pillars and cross, 2 full dates, 3 mintmarks, toned VF with crude edge (as made). Estimate: $90-$135.1132. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1727Y, (Louis I). S-P43b; KM-34; CT-40. 7.5 grams. Thick, roundish flan (rather overweight) with good full cross and pillars-and-waves (both well centered), bold date and 3 assayers, Fine+ with toned fields, holed near edge. Estimate: $100-$150.

1133. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1729M, ex-Christensen. S-P44; KM-29a; CT-1350. 5.1 grams. Bold details and unusually even in thickness for the period (also somewhat underweight), with full pillars-and-waves, slightly off-center full cross, 3 dates and mintmarks, 2 assayers, king’s ordinal V in legend, richly toned AVF. With old Henry Christensen tag. Estimate: $80-$120.1134. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1729M. S-P44; KM-29a; CT-1350. 5.6 grams. One hundred percent full date in legend (rare thus) and decent full pillars-and-waves, but the cross mostly flat and only About Fine overall, with contrasting toning. Estimate: $60-$90.1135. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1742C/P, encapsulated NGC AU 50, rare. S-P49; KM-29a; CT-1369. Roundish flan with choice bold details on both sides, 2 bold assayers with clear C/P to right of cross (not mentioned in slab, 5 examples known to us), lovely toning, a premium cob to be sure. Estimate: $250-$375.

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1137. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1743C. S-P49; KM-29a; CT-1371. 5.9 grams. Nice full cross and bold full pillars, all well centered on a typically chunky flan with ragged edges (as made), richly toned VF. Estimate: $125-$200.1138. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1746q. S-P50; KM-29a; CT-1375. 6.6 grams. Full and well-centered pillars, nice and full but off-center cross, 2 dates, nicely toned VF+. Estimate: $80-$120.1139. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1749q. S-P50a; KM-38; CT-506. 6.4 grams. Bold and well-centered full pillars with full date, very bold full second date below good but off-center cross, -DVS VI of king’s name and ordinal in legend, AXF with crude edge (as made). Estimate: $125-$200.1140. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1750E. S-P51; KM-38; CT-508. 6.5 grams. Good full cross and pillars-and-waves with full assayer and date, deeply toned AXF with crude edge (as made). Estimate: $125-$200.1141. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, 1750E. S-P51; KM-38; CT-508. 5.8 grams. Oval flan with great full pillars-and-waves and cross, 2 full dates and assayers, but somewhat worn (Fine+) with contrasting toning on fields. Estimate: $70-$100.1142. Lot of 8 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2 reales, various dates and kings (Philip V-Charles III). 49.4 grams total. Clear dates and assayers (1728M, 1737E, 1749q, 1753q, 1756q, 1760V-Y, 1762V-Y and 1766V-[Y]) and generally good crosses and pillars, decent toning, just a bit worn overall (Fine+ on average) and a couple with holes. Estimate: $350-$500.1143. Lot of 14 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 2R and 1R, various dates and kings (Philip V-Ferdinand VI). 43.1 grams total. Generally clear dates and crosses and pillars but not high grade (About Fine on average), no holes or corrosion but at least one clipped. Estimate: $350-$500.1144. Lot of 4 Potosí, Bolivia, small silver cobs (2R 1742, 1R 1653 and 1729, and 1/2R 1685). 14.0 grams total. Nice mix of sizes and periods, with generally clear dates and decent quality (none worse than Fine), the 1742 lightly corroded and the 1685 slightly bent, and the 1653 with very light edge-shaving to make it look like a Royal. Estimate: $125-$200.

1145. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1655E, pomegranate at top. S-P37a; KM-13; CT-1055. 2.8 grams. Choice full pillars with clear date at bottom and pomegranate (instead of PH) at top, nice full cross with clear second date, Fine+ with toned fields but peripheral flatness. Estimate: $80-$120.1146. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1683V. S-P39; KM-23; CT-721. 3.5 grams. Bold date above full waves, very bold cross with mintmark to left, high grade (XF) but with flat peripheries and crude edge (as made). Estimate: $50-$75.1147. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1684VR. S-P40; KM-23; CT-723. 3.3 grams. Bold full pillars with 2 assayers, clear date and mintmark, good full cross, VF with nicely toned fields, some flatness near edge. Estimate: $50-$75.1148. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1689VR. S-P40; KM-23; CT-728. 2.7 grams. Excellent full pillars-and-waves, good full cross (slightly off-center), 2 dates and mintmarks, 3 assayers, nice VF with toned fields. Estimate: $50-$75.

1149. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, 1691VR. S-P40; KM-23; CT-730. 2.7 grams. Richly old-toned VF with good full pillars and cross, 2 dates (one bold) and clear assayer, smallish flan. Estimate: $60-$90.

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1152. Potosí, Bolivia, 1 real, 1741P. S-P48; KM-28a; CT-1675. 3.3 grams. Two full dates, full pillars, off-center cross, high grade (AXF) but no contrast and edge slightly crude (as made). Estimate: $50-$75.

1153. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real, date and assayer not visible, cut into bird shape after striking. 2.1 grams. This curious piece is really just an interesting colonial-era charm because practically all the coin details are gone (except, interestingly enough, the 17- of the date in the legend) and replaced with feathers, holed in wing for attractive suspension. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of October, 1992, with original lot-tag #795. Estimate: $100-up.

1150. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real Royal, 1697F, extremely rare (possibly unique). S-P42; KM-unl; CT-unl. 3.1 grams. Like all Royals, this coin is round and even in thickness (thin and broad too), with full inner details, the pillars side in this case very nice but the cross side double-struck, deeply toned all over, VF, with expertly plugged hole in waves near edge. In researching this coin, we found that it is unique in several ways (at least known to us), namely as the only 1697F Royal of any denomination and the only 1R Royal for this assayer and period; and while we suspect there are other 1R Royals of this period off the record, this is probably still the only 1697F in existence. Estimate: $500-$750.

1151. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 real Royal, 1741P, extremely rare (possibly unique). S-P48; KM-unl; CT-unl. 2.9 grams. Roundish and evenly thick and boldly detailed, as expected for a Royal, the inner details very bold and well struck, no legends except for third date, also attractively toned, VF for wear, with hole at edge. By our records, this is the first Royal of this date and denomination ever to hit the market. Estimate: $500-$750.

1154. Lot of 10 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1 reales, various dates and kings (Philip IV-Ferdinand VI). 31.0 grams. Generally clear dates and crosses and pillars but only average grade (Fine on average), only one holed and none salvaged. Estimate: $300-$450.1155. Lot of 3 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2R of Philip IV, 1654 (2) and 1655. S-P37a; KM-B12. 4.4 grams total. An important lot for the specialist, all 3 coins with features of the earliest pillars-and-waves issues, like distinctive monogram and P-pomegranate-E at top, AVF on average and generally nicely toned but all 3 holed. Estimate: $80-$120.

1156. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, (1656), one-year type with cross on both sides. S-P37a; KM-B12; CT-1169. 0.9 gram. Choice full details on both sides, the monogram-over-cross with dots in quadrants, no legend visible except for king’s ordinal outside cross, attractively toned VF+ with slightly crude edge (as made). Estimate: $60-$90.

1157. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1670, two-digit date. S-P37b; KM-22; CT-824. 1.5 grams. Unlike others in this period with 3 digits, this coin bears just the last 2 digits of the date below the monogram, on this specimen very boldly, with good full cross on the other side and nice toning, AVF with peripheral flatness, important pedigrees. Pedigreed to the Sellschopp collection and to the Paul Karon collection (Ponterio, March 1990), lot #1090. Estimate: $60-$90.

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1158. Lot of 3 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2R of Charles II: 1667, 1671 and 1682. KM-22. 5.0 grams total. Generally clear dates (3 digits below monogram), decent crosses and/or monogram, Fine+ on average, the 1667 with 2 old holes, the 1671 with desirable pedigrees. The 1671 is pedigreed to the Sellschopp collection and to the Paul Karon collection (Ponterio, March 1990), lot #1092. Estimate: $90-$135.

1162. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1719. S-P43a; KM-27; CT-1891. 1.4 grams. Full and bold date but little else on monogram side, good full cross, deeply toned VF with much flatness. Pedigreed to the Paul Karon collection (Ponterio, March 1990), lot #1143. Estimate: $40-$60.

1163. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1723. S-P43a; KM-27; CT-1895. 1.6 grams. Bold monogram and date, nearly full cross, Fine with light surface corrosion but darkly contrasting toning. Estimate: $40-$60.

1164. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2R, Louis I, 1725 and 1726. S-P43b; KM-32. 2.4 grams total. Traditionally scarce type-coins, the 1/2R are useful in proving the Louis I attribution for each date (both posthumous), the 1725 in this case with bold date and nearly full monogram but the 1726 a bit less distinct, both nicely toned and no worse than Fine, with nearly full crosses, also both desirably pedigreed. The 1725 is pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of February 1993 (lot #1135), and the 1726 is pedigreed to the Paul Karon collection (Ponterio, March 1990), lot #1149. Estimate: $125-$200.

1159. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1686. S-P40; KM-22; CT-837. 1.0 gram. Very broad flan with bold full monogram and date and cross, attractively toned VF with flat areas near edge. Estimate: $50-$75.

1160. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1693. S-P40; KM-22; CT-844. 1.6 grams. Curious shape (like a chocolate chip with sharp point at top), and a choice specimen with full monogram and cross and 2 dates (rare thus), richly old-toned VF+. Estimate: $50-$75.

1161. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1694. S-P40; KM-22; CT-845. 0.9 gram. Bold off-center monogram with bold date, choice full cross with bold second date in legend (very rare thus), darkly toned XF with tan sediment on fields for contrast. Estimate: $60-$90.

1165. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1729. S-P44; KM-27a; CT-1898. 1.2 grams. Bold full monogram and date (the latter with old pockmark), nice full cross with second date (4 digits) in legend, VF+ with light toning on fields. Estimate: $40-$60.

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1166. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1731. S-P44; KM-27a; CT-1900. 1.9 grams. Big, crude-edged flan (as made), with full and bold but off-center monogram and cross, toned VF with peripheral flatness and a few old marks. Estimate: $40-$60.

1167. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1733. KM-27a; CT-1902. 1.5 grams. Small flan but with choice (well-centered) full monogram and cross, clear date, richly toned VF. Estimate: $40-$60.

1168. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1736. S-P46; KM-27a; CT-1905. 1.7 grams. Full date below unevenly bold monogram, choice full cross, very crude edge (as made), nicely toned VF+. Estimate: $40-$60.

1169. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1739. S-P47; KM-27a; CT-1908. 2.2 grams. Bold full date, off-center and partially flat monogram and cross, Fine with dark spots, slightly crude edge (as made). Estimate: $40-$60.

1170. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1743. S-P49; KM-27a; CT-1912. 1.5 grams. Bold full date near center of flan, nice full cross (also a bit off-center), XF with attractive toning. Estimate: $40-$60.

1171. Lot of 12 of Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2R of Philip V, various dates (1702-1735), where visible. 17.1 grams total. Fascinating lot with several rare dates, interesting varieties and desirable pedigrees, but perhaps the most fascinating piece is a worn but axis-aligned 1702 that appears to be a Heart with its top stem missing due to stripping of its hole (call it a “broken heart”), a unique piece that went unnoticed by the consignor and we did not discover until this group-lot had already been assigned... hence the open-ended estimate! As for the rest of the group, there are no dogs (Fine+ overall, mostly nicely toned), but one has a crude hole. The 1712 is pedigreed to the Christensen auction of September 1983 (lot 1127); the 1718 and 1720 are pedigreed to the Paul Karon collection (Ponterio, March 1990), lots #1142 and 1144 respectively. Estimate: $250-up.

1172. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1749. S-P50a; KM-36. 1.9 grams. Bold monogram and date, full cross, deeply old-toned VF. Estimate: $50-$75.

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230

1173. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1751. S-P52; KM-36. 2.3 grams. Full date below crude monogram, good full cross, toned VF+ with sharply cut sides. With old Almanzar’s auction tag. Estimate: $40-$60.1174. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1756. S-P54; KM-36. 1.6 grams. Bold but off-center date, nearly full cross, nicely toned Fine with flatness near edge. Pedigreed to the Paul Karon collection (Ponterio, March 1990), lot #1187. Estimate: $40-$60.1175. Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2 real, 1759. S-P54; KM-36. 1.5 grams. Small flan with bold full date, most of cross, part of monogram, very richly old-toned Fine+. Estimate: $40-$60.

Other Silver Cobs

1176. Lot of 4 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2R of Ferdinand VI, various dates (1747-54), where visible. KM-36. 6.3 grams total. Mostly clear dates and solid coins, the 1754 with great full monogram but the 1750 very thin and worn, overall Fine+ on average, with no holes or corrosion and nicely toned. Estimate: $80-$120.1177. Lot of 7 Potosí, Bolivia, cob 1/2R of Charles III, various dates (1760-71), where visible. KM-41. 12.1 grams total. The most difficult cob 1/2R to collect by date are Charles III, like these, for they are always on small flans with weak peripheries and sprawling monograms that, when centered, take up all the real estate; but most of the coins in this lot do show clear dates, and all are nicely toned, Fine+ on average, only one with a hole. Two (1760 and 1771) are pedigreed to the Paul Karon collection (Ponterio, March 1990), lots #1192 and 1202. Estimate: $150-$225.

Dominican Republic

1178. Lot of 2 Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F and oF. S-SD1; CT-Type 134. 5.4 grams total. Choice pair of differing varieties, one with mintmark P-S and assayer-denomination as F-4, the other with mintmark S-P and assayer-denomination as oF-oIIII, richly toned AVF, one darker and with edge-split. Estimate: $60-$90.

1179. Lot of 2 Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F. S-SD1; CT-Type 134. 7.6 grams total. Solid pair with at least fairly clear inner details, somewhat worn (Fine on average) and some encrustation. With old collector’s tags date-stamped “31 Dic 1947.” Estimate: $50-$75.

1180. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F, with key countermark indicating revaluation to 2 maravedís in 1577. S-SD1; CT-Type 134. 2.0 grams. Thin and corroded host coin but with full and bold countermark, which is scarce, darkly toned all over. Estimate: $60-$90.

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1181. Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, copper 4 maravedís, Charles-Joanna, assayer F, with anchor countermark indicating importation to and use in Jamaica (1611-16). S-SD1; CT-Type 134. 1.7 grams. Thin host but with much detail (assayer, king’s name, P of mintmark), the “ring” of the countermark so deeply impressed that the flan is warped, overall a reddish Fine with some green spots. With small Sedwick certificate from 2002. Estimate: $60-$90.

Panama

1182. Panama, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer oX, Proctor Plate Coin, very rare. S-AP1; KM-2; CT-646. 2.7 grams. The rarest silver cobs of all (as a type) were made in Panama in the 1580s, with mintmark AP and assayers similar to the earliest ones of Lima and Potosí. This specimen shows a very bold mintmark to the left and weaker denomination I above assayer oX to the right of a full and well-detailed shield, with much legend on that side (including a full “backwards” [rotated 180 degrees] D), with excellent full cross-and-tressure on the other side with yet more legend, all nicely toned and XF except for corrosion (which has thinned the flan a bit too), still far nicer overall than any of the other Panama cob 1R we have sold. Plate Coin #1R.1X in Proctor. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

Colombia

1183. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 2 reales, Philip III (posthumous), no assayer, mintmark SF to left (1622), from the Atocha (1622), extremely rare. Restrepo-M4.1. 6.6 grams. Very solid coin for salvage (no corrosion, AU details, toned), with choice full (well-detailed) shield and SF (perched very high, as if to leave room for an assayer-mark below it that never materialized), the cross-lions-castles also well-detailed but incomplete due to poor centering (with full [HISP]ANIARVM as a result), the date off the flan but this type only struck in one year, and probably only as a sort of pattern. We have sold only one other example (Auction #11), and that coin did not show the mintmark. From the Atocha (1622), but tag and certificate missing. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

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1184. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, (16)22A, assayer A to right, mintmark RN to left, pomegranate in shield, from the Atocha (1622), very rare. Restrepo-M42.1; S-C2; KM-3.2. 25.8 grams. Superb full crown and shield (flat at bottom), 100% full and well-detailed (but double-struck) cross-and-tressure, bold mintmark RN and most of king’s ordinal IIII, clear bottom of last digit of date, wonderfully toned and AU grade, amazingly uncorroded, with just a few minor edge-flaws (as made). From the Atocha (1622), but tag and certificate missing. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

1185. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer E, small mintmark RN below denomination to right (late 1620s), UNIQUE with R-E-N to left. Restrepo-M45.8 (unlisted variant); S-C3; KM-3.4. 26.6 grams. Somewhat crude strike (doubled) and flan (cracked), but with bold full shield and crown with full R.E.N to left and clear denomination VIII vertically with smaller (secondary) R to right (the N below it not visible), full 162 of date outside messy cross due to doubling, VF with nicely toned fields. Note that Restrepo does not list R-E-N in his book, which is why this coin was later featured in Numis-Notas. Featured in Numis-Notas of November 2010 and pedigreed to the Stack’s auction of October 2010 (lot #980). Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

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1186. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer E below mintmark RN to left (late 1620s), rare. Restrepo-M45.3; S-C3; KM-3.4. 26.0 grams. Full RNE to left and denomination VIII vertically to right of nearly full shield, full cross on other side, no worse than VF but overall somewhat crudely uneven in thickness, translating into flat areas, and also unevenly toned. Pedigreed to the CNG auction of March 1995 (lot #1464). Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1187. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 8 reales, 16(3?)E, C-E to right, rare, from the Concepción (1641), with Lasser notes. Restrepo-M45.15; S-C3; KM-3.4. 25.8 grams. Very solid and well-detailed coin (minimal surface corrosion, XF details, nicely toned) with full and bold shield flanked by vertical denomination VIII to left and mintmark-assayer C-E (with small, diamond-shaped ornaments) to right, with bold PHILI- of king’s name in legend, the reverse with nearly full cross and some bold legend, surely one of the choicest 8R specimens from this wreck. From the Concepción (1641), with penciled notes hand-written by Joseph Lasser on tag. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1188. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 4 reales, (16)29E, RN-E to left, very rare, from the Concepción (1641), with Lasser notes. Restrepo-M36.2; S-C3; KM-2.4. 12.8 grams. Solid, thick and well-centered specimen with minimal surface corrosion (VF details), the shield and cross impressively complete, with faint bottom half of date, bold full RNE, nicely toned. Cartagena cobs are rare, the 4R denomination especially so, and visible dates (like on this coin) are almost too much to hope for. From the Concepción (1641), with penciled notes hand-written by Joseph Lasser on tag. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

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1189. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 4 reales, 1633E, C-E to right, very rare, from the Concepción (1641). Restrepo-M36.8; S-C3; KM-2.4. 12.8 grams. Choice full shield and cross-lions-castles, both very well detailed and well centered, with full date, full C-E amongst diamond-shaped ornaments, super deep toning, AU details but very light surface corrosion, surely among the best examples known. From the Concepción (1641). Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1190. Cartagena, Colombia, cob 2 reales, (1)626(E), RN-(E) to right, very rare, from the Concepción (1641), with Lasser notes. Restrepo-M29.4; S-C3; KM-unl; CT-unl. 5.8 grams. Good full cross-and-tressure and nearly full shield and crown, with bold denomination •II• to left, faint but certain mintmark RN to right, very clear 26 of date, nicely toned but some weak strike, light surface corrosion, VF overall. Note: For this type Lasser and Restrepo only listed 3 dates that they had seen (1630, 1633 and 1634), so this is a new one, and it is also the earliest confirmed date on any post-1622 Colombian cob. From the Concepción (1641), with penciled notes hand-written by Joseph Lasser on tag (although curiously he missed seeing the date!). Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

1191. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer P (1627-32), NR-P to left, lions and castles transposed in shield and in quadrants of cross, rare, from the Concepción (1641), with Lasser notes. Restrepo-M28.6; S-B4; KM-6.1. 6.4 grams. Solid, thick flan with very light surface corrosion, VF details, darkly toned, with bold full NRP to left of off-center shield, ( R)EX.16 visible outside off-center cross. From the Concepción (1641), with penciled notes hand-written by Joseph Lasser on tag. Estimate: $600-$900.

1192. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer A (1632-42), NR-A to left, denomination 2, lions and castles transposed in shield and in quadrants of cross, rare, from the Concepción (1641), with Lasser notes. Restrepo-M28.18; S-B5; CT-918. 6.6 grams. Full NRA to left and 2 to right of full shield (must be quite rare because Restrepo only lists the assayer A with a question-mark), bold full cross-and-tressure, all well centered on a broad flan, toned VF with light surface corrosion. From the Concepción (1641), with penciled notes hand-written by Joseph Lasser on tag. Estimate: $600-$900.

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1198. Guatemala, cob 2 reales, 1743(J). S-G1; KM-4; CT-1175. 6.7 grams. Good full date below full waves, nice but truncated shield with bold denomination to right, small thick flan, richly old-toned Fine, rare without hole. Estimate: $100-$150.

1199. Guatemala, cob 1 real, 1738(J). S-G1; KM-3; CT-1460. 3.2 grams. Nearly full pillars with clear date below and full VLTRA in legend, good full shield with denomination to right, curiously triangular flan, VG, no hole (rare). Estimate: $70-$100.

1193. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1/2 real, Philip IV, assayer not visible. Restrepo-M16; CT-Type 265. 2.0 grams. Great full monogram and cross, both well centered on a small, thick flan (as usual), with lions and castles atypically in their proper quadrants, richly toned AVF. Estimate: $60-$90.1194. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1/4 real, Philip IV, style of 1628, rare. Restrepo-M14.1; S-B4; CT-Type 276. 0.9 gram. Full castle, nearly full but off-center lion, both with enough detail to match them up with the 8R of 1628 (erroneously attributed to 1652 in Restrepo), typically small flan, nicely toned AVF. With dealer tag pedigreeing the coin to Nesmith 1958 ANS publication (p. 523) and Freeman Craig pricelist of July 1976 (item #315). Estimate: $200-$300.1195. Bogotá, Colombia, cob 1/4 real, Philip V, style of ca.1722 (assayer Sánchez), unique. Restrepo-unl; S-B13; CT-Type 300. 0.6 gram. Full castle and lion of a very strange, almost comical style, the castle an exact match with the 8R of 1722S but the lion slightly different, toned VF+, very sharply cut flan (in fact, possibly clipped). This coin is a discovery piece, for to our knowledge no Philip V 1/4R has ever been identified till now, let alone for assayer S or the date 1722! Estimate: $500-up.

Guatemala

1196. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, (1)745(J), with Type II countermark of 1843 (sun-over-mountains), very rare host date. S-G1; KM-6; CT-605. 26.7 grams. Small, thick, rectangular flan with bold worlds, full and bold countermark on other side, the date weak but with tops of digits certain, nicely toned Fine, also rare as unholed. Estimate: $250-up.

1197. Guatemala, cob 8 reales, (17)48J, with sun-over-mountains countermark (Type II, 1838) on pillars side. S-G2; KM-12; CT-279. 26.2 grams. Broad flan with bold 8 of date and G mintmark, nearly full pillars-and-worlds with bold (deep) countermark, weaker but also nearly full crown and shield on other side, with full assayer, all richly toned and VF/F for the issue, with old hole at edge. Pedigreed to B. Max Mehl (1/29/1943). Estimate: $300-$450.

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SpainSpecial issue struck for the Americas1200. Seville, Spain (special issue struck for the Americas), copper 1 maravedí, Ferdinand-Isabel, very rare. CT-648. 1.5 grams. Full flan with complete legends, crowned Y-F on obverse and anchor-like crowned-F on reverse with S mintmark flanking near top, but all dark and encrusted and with edge-split, perhaps AVF overall. Worth noting is the fact that this denomination was made for New World use only, with the very similar blanca in use in Spain at the same time. Estimate: $100-$150.

1205. Seville, Spain, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Gothic D at 4 o’clock outside tressure around cross. CT-235. 27.3 grams. Super well-detailed full shield and cross but both somewhat doubled, also bold legends, AXF with elegant steel-gray toning, very impressive. Estimate: $200-$300.

Ferdinand-Isabel1201. Lot of 5 Seville, Spain, 1R of Ferdinand-Isabel, various assayers. 14.0 grams total. Typically fine details and much legend (one Gothic, the others Latin), all with light surface corrosion but otherwise VF, one with tangential piece broken off. Estimate: $300-$450.1202. Seville, Spain, 1/2 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer * above S below yoke. CT-Type 244. 1.6 grams. Full inner details and nearly full legends (Latin), toned VF with light surface corrosion. Estimate: $100-$150.1203. Granada, Spain, 1/4 real, Ferdinand-Isabel, assayer not visible. CT-Type 254. 0.6 gram. Bold yoke with mintmark G (Gothic) below, full but weaker arrows on other side, much legends (also Gothic), with Jerusalem-cross stop that could be the assayer in the absence of anything in the fields, unlisted in CT in any case so possibly rare, AVF with nice toning. Estimate: $350-$500.

Philip II

1204. Seville, Spain, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer C at 4 o’clock outside tressure around cross, rare. CT-236. 27.3 grams. Thick, round flan with good full shield and cross-and-tressure, much legend including king’s ordinal II, nearly full crown, elegantly rainbow-toned AXF with bold assayer (rare to see anything but Gothic D there). Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1206. Valladolid, Spain, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer F (1590), very rare. CT-281. 24.5 grams. Broad, round flan with well-detailed full shield flanked by 3-wave mintmark to left (above which should be the two-digit date 90, but it is doubled there) and assayer F above denomination 8 to right, full crown and much legend, the cross full too but somewhat indistinct due to surface corrosion, otherwise AVF and lightly toned. Note the CT value for this one-year issue is 3000 Euros! Estimate: $150-$225.

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1207. Seville, Spain, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer Gothic D outside tressure at 4 o’clock. CT-535. 6.7 grams. Choice full shield and cross-and-tressure (both very well detailed and well centered), with nearly full crown and legends, attractively toned XF. Estimate: $100-$150.

1208. Seville, Spain, cob 1/2 real, Philip II, assayer Gothic D to right of monogram, legends transposed. CT-737. 1.6 grams. Huge, thin flan with choice full details on both sides, including most of the legends, with king’s name and ordinal erroneously on the cross side, crisp and problem-free XF. Estimate: $80-$120.

Philip III1209. Toledo, Spain, cob 4 reales, 1619P. CT-305. 12.6 grams. Lustrous but unevenly struck XF with full shield (off-center) and cross-and-tressure, bold denomination inside full king’s name, nice crown, full date (the 16 bold), small edge-split. Estimate: $100-$150.

Philip IV

1210. Seville, Spain, cob 8 reales, 1624(D). CT-596. 26.5 grams. Very full and bold date (rare thus) above full cross, full crown and shield on other side, all a bit doubled and with light surface corrosion, but nicely toned and no worse than AVF for wear. Estimate: $200-$300.

1211. Seville, Spain, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible. CT-Type 127. 25.3 grams. Full cross and shield, both well centered, with full denomination VIII vertically to the right, VF/XF with light toning (somewhat pinkish on reverse) and surface corrosion. Estimate: $80-$120.

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238

239

Ancient Coins

Akarnania1212. Akarnania, Anaktorion, AR stater, pegasus, ca. 350-300 BC. Pegasi 24. 7.8 grams. Pegasos flying left / Helmeted head of Athena left; monogram and tripod behind. Lightly toned VF, full details. Estimate: $275-$400.1213. Akarnania, Leukas, AR stater, pegasus, ca. 320-280 BC. cf. Pegasi 134. 8.6 grams. Pegasos flying right / Helmeted head of Athena left; symbol and yard-arm behind. Nicely toned VF, well-centered strike, just a little weak on high points. Estimate: $300-$450.

Caria1214. Caria, Rhodes, AR didrachm, Helios and rose, 340-316 BC. SNG Keckman 436-440; Gulbenkian 776. 6.8 grams. Facing head of Helios, slightly right / Rose with bud right; at left, bunch of grapes and E, within incuse square. Bold (high-relief) AXF with choice toning all over, just a few minor (old) pockmarks here and there. Estimate: $450-$675.

Cherronesos1215. Thrace, Cherronesos, AR hemidrachm, 400-350 BC. 2.2 grams. Forepart of lion right, head reverted / Quadripartite incuse; .VE monogram in one quarter (opposite corner empty). Lustrous AXF, lightly toned, the obverse off-center as usual. Estimate: $90-$135.

Kings of Macedon

1216. Kings of Macedon, AR tetradrachm, Alexander III (the Great, 336-323 BC), Susa mint, struck ca. 325-320 BC, encapsulated NGC XF (strike 4/5, surface 4/5). Variant of Price-3829. Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin / Zeus Aetophoros seated left; monogram in left field; monogram below throne. Lustrous and well detailed, the reverse a bit off-center. Estimate: $350-$500.

1217. Kings of Macedon, AR tetradrachm, Alexander III (the Great, 336-323 BC), Amphipolis mint, struck under Kassander, Philip IV or Alexander (son of Kassander), ca. 310-294 BC, encapsulated NGC AU (strike 5/5, surface 5/5). Price-465. Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin / Zeus Aetophoros seated left; in left field, L above torch; monogram below throne. Very well struck and lustrous, perfectly centered. Estimate: $500-$750.

Ancient Greece

240

1218. Kings of Macedon, AR tetradrachm, Alexander III (the Great, 336-323 BC), Amphipolis mint, struck under Kassander, Philip IV or Alexander (son of Kassander), ca. 310-294 BC, encapsulated NGC AU (strike 5/5, surface 5/5). Price-495. Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin / Zeus Aetophoros seated left; in left field, L above torch; monogram below throne. Well-centered obverse (design takes up the whole flan), the reverse slightly less so, some luster on fields, choice grade. Estimate: $500-$750.

1219. Kings of Macedon, AR tetradrachm, Alexander III (the Great, 336-323 BC), Amphipolis mint, struck under Kassander, Philip IV or Alexander (son of Kassander), ca. 310-294 BC, encapsulated NGC AU (strike 5/5, surface 5/5). Price-453. Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin / Zeus Aetophoros seated left; in left field, L above torch; monogram below throne. Superb obverse, well-centered and well-detailed, with luster on fields, the reverse well centered as well. Estimate: $500-$750.

1220. Kings of Macedon, AR tetradrachm, Alexander III (the Great, 336-323 BC), Corinth mint, ca. 310-290 BC, encapsulated NGC XF (strike 5/5, surface 4/5). Similar to Price-676 and 679. Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin headdress / Zeus seated left, holding eagle and scepter; in left field, Nike standing right, holding wreath; below throne, NO. Bold strike, well detailed and lustrous, with hint of toning, also well centered, looks like AU to us. Estimate: $400-$600.

1221. Kings of Macedon, AR tetradrachm, Alexander III (the Great, 336-323 BC), Pella mint (?), ca. 275-270 BC. Price- 629; Mueller 233. 16.8 grams. Head of Herakles right in lionskin headdress / Zeus seated left with eagle and sceptre; crested helmet left, monogram under throne, monogram in exergue. Deeply toned AVF, well-centered strike. Estimate: $250-$375.

Seleukid Kingdom1222. Seleukid Kingdom, AR tetradrachm, Antiochos I Soter as co-regent with Seleukos I, 294-281 BC. Similar to Newell 508. 16.6 grams. Head of Herakles right, in lion’s skin headdress / BASILEWS ANTIOCOU, Zeus seated left, holding eagle in right hand, scepter in left, unidentified monogram under torch. Toned VF with high-relief details, well centered, with small test-mark above ear. Estimate: $150-$225.

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1224. Roman Republic, AR denarius, Q. Marcius Libo, 148 BC, Rome mint. Marcia I; BMC 700; Syd. 396; Craw. 215/1. 3.9 grams. Helmeted head of Roma right; behind, LIBO; before, X / Dioscuri galloping right; below, Q MARC; in exergue ROMA in partial tablet. Exceptional gem UNC specimen with perfect centering, light pleasing cabinet toning. “The MARCIA family originally was patrician, but afterwards plebeian. Its surnames are Censorinus, Libo, Philippus.” [William, p. 940] Estimate: $500-$750.1225. Roman Republic, AR denarius, M. Atilius Saranus, 148 BC, Rome mint. Atilia 9; BMC 679-683; Syd. 398a; Craw 214/1a. 3.8 grams. Helmeted head of Roma right; X (mark of value) below chin / Dioscuri on horseback right, each holding spear. VF with minimal scratches on cheek, beautiful rainbow toning. Romulus and Remus are the twin brothers and central characters of Rome’s foundation myth. Their mother was Rhea Silvia, daughter to Numitor, king of Alba Longa. Before their conception, Numitor’s brother Amulius had seized power, killed Numitor’s male heirs and forced Rhea Silvia to become a Vestal Virgin, sworn to chastity. Rhea Silvia conceived the twins by the god Mars, or by the demi-god Hercules; once the twins were born, Amulius had them abandoned to die in the river Tiber. Estimate: $100-$150.

Thrace1223. Thrace, Odesses, AR tetradrachm, ca. 281/70-196/88 BC, struck in the name and type of Alexander III (the Great, 336-323 BC), encapsulated NGC AU (strike 5/5, surface 3/5). Price-1158 var; Topalov Odesos 23; Mueller-unl. 16.8 grams. Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin headdress / Zeus seated left; in left field, AS above o-in-triangle monogram. Choice obverse with the design covering the whole flan, nice reverse too, with luster on fields, choice grade, in fact the finest we have ever seen. Estimate: $400-$600.

Ancient RomeRoman Republic

1226. Roman Republic, AR denarius, Sex. Pompeius Fostlus, 137 BC, Rome mint. Pompeia 1; BMC 926; Syd. 461; Craw. 235/1c. 3.9 grams. Helmeted head of Roma right; capis behind, X (mark of value) below chin / She-wolf standing right, head left, suckling twins (Romulus and Remus); behind, birds on fig tree; on left, shepherd standing right. VF with contrasting toning. “This family was of plebeian origin and it would appear that they claimed descent from Faustulus, the royal shepherd of Amulius, who found the twins suckled by the wolf at the foot of the Palatine, the cradle in which they had been borne down the Tiber having overturned under a fig-tree.” [Seaby, p. 76] Estimate: $100-$150.

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242

1227. Roman Republic, AR denarius, L. Antestius Gragulus, 136 BC, Rome mint. Antestia 9; BMC 4029; Syd. 451; Craw. 238/1. 3.9 grams. Helmeted head of Roma right; below chin, monogram XVI; behind, GRAG / Jupiter in prancing quadriga left, hurling thunderbolt and holding sceptre; below, L•ANTES; in exergue, ROMA. Choice XF/AU with natural toning. For the first time we see the change of denomination previously shown as X now with a star-shape, probably representing XVI in monogram. Estimate: $200-$300.1228. Roman Republic, AR denarius, Q. Fabius Maximus, 127 BC, Rome mint. Fabia 5; BMC 1157; Syd. 478; Craw. 265/1. 3.9 grams. Helmeted head of Roma right; ROMA behind, Q. MAX before, monogram below chin / Cornucopiae superimposed on thunderbolt, within wreath composed of ears of barley, wheat, and assorted fruits. Choice XF with underlying iridescent toning. The reverse may refer to an ancestor’s victories in Spain in 144-2 BC. Estimate: $250-$375.

1229. Roman Republic, AR denarius, Q. Minucius Rufus, 122 BC, Rome mint. Minucia 1; BMC , Italy 464; Syd. 421; Craw 277/1. 3.9 grams. Head of Roman facing right, X beneath chin, RVF behind / Dioscuri, Q , MINV beneath horses, ROMA in exergue. Well-centered XF. The Dioscuri are the twins Castor and Pollux reunited as stars in the sky by Zeus after Castor’s death and regarded as patrons of athletes and sailors. Estimate: $200-$300.1230. Roman Republic, AR denarius, Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus, 116-115 BC, Rome mint. Domitia 7; BMC Italy 490; Syd. 535; Craw. 285/1. 3.9 grams. Helmeted head of Roma right; behind, X / Jupiter, holding thunderbolt, driving galloping quadriga right; CN. DOMI in exergue. Impressive AU specimen, very lustrous, on a large and well-centered planchet. In ancient Roman religion and myth, Jupiter is the king of the gods and the god of sky and thunder. Estimate: $300-$450.

1231. Roman Republic, AR denarius, Lucius Caesius, 112-111 BC, Rome mint. Caesia 1, BMC Italy 585; Syd. 564; Craw. 298/1. 3.9 grams. Youthful bust of Vejovis left, viewed from behind, hurling thunderbolt, monogram of Roma behind / Two Lares seated right, dog between them; head of Vulcan and tongs above; LA on left, ER on right, L CAESI in exergue. Choice AU with old cabinet toning. “Vejovis was a Latin divinity of a destructive nature. The Lares Praestittes were the projecting spirits of the city of Rome and may be identified with Romulus and Remus. The head of Vulcan and the tongs relate to the office of moneyer.” [Seaby, p. 22] Estimate: $350-$500.1232. Roman Republic, AR denarius, M. Herennius, 108-107 BC, Rome mint. Herennia 1a; BMC 1258-85; Syd. 567; Craw. 308/1b. 3.9 grams. Diademed head of Pietas right / Amphinomus carrying his father right; control-mark E to right. UNC with hints of iridescent toning on reverse, much eye appeal. “This type recalls the story of the brothers Amphinomus and Anapias of Catana, who at the eruption of Mount Etna, saved the lives of their parents by carrying them to safety on their shoulders.” [Seaby, p. 52] Estimate: $350-$500.

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1233. Roman Republic, AR denarius, L. Memmius Galeria, 106 BC, Rome mint. Syd. 574; Craw. 313/1c. 3.8 grams. Laureate head of Saturn left; harpa behind / Venus in biga right; Cupid flying above with laurel wreath; control mark below. Very bold XF with minimal surface corrosion, serrated edge. Estimate: $125-$200.1234. Roman Republic, AR denarius, P. Servilius M.f. Rullus, 100 BC, Rome mint. Servilia 14; BMC 1672; Syd. 601; Craw .328/1. 4.0 grams. Bust of Roma left, wearing Corinthian helmet and aegis; RVLLI behind / Victory in biga right, P below horses; in exergue, P. SERVILI M.F. Perfectly centered UNC with faint iridescent toning. “P (publice) shows that these coins were struck from silver withdrawn from the public treasury, and that the issue therefore was an special one.” [Seaby, p. 88] Estimate: $300-$450.

1235. Roman Republic, AR denarius, C. Vibius C.F. Pansa, 90 BC, Rome mint. Vibia 3a; BMC 2304-6; Syd. 685ab; Craw. 342/4b. 3.8 grams. Laureate head of Apollo right; PANSA behind, control mark III below chin / Minerva driving galloping quadriga right, holding trophy, spear, and reins; C • VIBIVS • C • F below. Lustrous, rainbow-toned AU. “This illustrates the goddess seeking the patch by which her daughter, Persephone, was taken down to Hades. The cult of Demeter and Persephone was of the greatest importance in South Italy; this gens is reputed to have come from Bruttium.” [Seaby p. 97] Estimate: $250-$375.1236. Roman Republic, AR denarius, Cn. Lentulus Clodianus, 88 BC, Rome mint. Craw. 345/1; Syd. 02; Cornelia 50; Sear 254. 4.2 grams. Helmeted bust of Mars right, seen from behind / Victory driving biga right, holding wreath and reins. Well-toned AXF with luster on fields. It is likely that this piece commemorates the victories of M. Claudiu m.f. m.n. Marcellus over Hannibal in the second Punic War with the capture of Syracuse in 212 B.C. Estimate: $100-$150.

1237. Roman Republic, AR denarius, Mn. Fonteius CF, 85 BC, Rome mint. Fonteia 10; BMC 2478; Syd. 724a; Craw. 353/1c. . 3.6 grams. Laureate head of Apollo right, wearing hair in loose locks; thunderbolt below, Roma monogram below chin / Infant winged Cupid seated on goat, standing right caps of the Dioscuri above, thyrsus with fillet in exergue all within laurel wreath. Superb UNC with handsome, contrasting toning, perfect centering on reverse, and complete details on obverse. “In the temple of Vejovis in Rome there stood near his statue a goat bearing a winged Genius on its back, a representation of which recalls the infancy of Jupiter who was suckled by the goat Amaltheia on Mount Ida.” [Seaby p. 49] Estimate: $400-$600.1238. Roman Republic, AR denarius, C. Norbanus, 83 BC, Rome mint. Syd. 739; Craw. 357/1b. 3.7 grams. Head of Venus right, wearing stephane, earring, and necklace / Grain eat, fasces, and caduceus. XF with luster, rainbow-toning all over. Estimate: $150-$225.

244

1239. Roman Republic, AR denarius, L. Procilius, 80 BC, Rome mint. Procilia 1; BMC 3147; Syd. 771; Craw. 379/1. 4.1 grams. Laureate head of Jupiter right, S.C. behind / Juno Sospita walking right, hurling spear and holding shield, snake erect before, L. PROCILI F behind. Well-centered AU with dark, deep toning. “From the types it must be presumed that the Procilia gens came from Lanuvium where the cult of Juno Sospita flourished. She is represented here in her militant character as the protectress against the danger of war.” [Seaby, p. 84] Estimate: $250-$375.1240. Roman Republic, AR denarius, P. Satrienus, 77 BC, Rome mint. Satriena 1; BMC 3209-37; Syd 781a; Craw. 388/1b. 4.0 grams. Helmeted head of young Mars right, IIII behind / ROMA above she-wolf walking left, P SATRIE / NVS. Well-struck XF with pleasing rainbow-toning. “This type refers to the foundation of Rome; Mars was the father of Romulus and Remus.” [Seaby, p. 86] Estimate: $250-$375.

1241. Roman Republic, AR denarius, L. Rutilius Flaccus, 77 BC, Rome mint. Rutilia 1a; BMC 3244; Syd. 780a; Craw. 387/1a. 3.9 grams. Helmeted head of Roma facing right; behind, FLAC / Victory in biga right, holding wreath and reins; in exergue L RVTILI. Choice AU with gunmetal toning, extremely well-detailed reverse. Republican moneyer, presumably the senator of 72 BC who appears in Cicero Cluent (p. 182). Estimate: $200-$300.1242. Roman Republic, AR denarius, L. Lucretius Trio, 76 BC, Rome mint. Lucretia 3; BMC 3247-70; Syd. 784; Craw 290/2. 4.0 grams. Head of Neptune right, XXV behind / Winged Genius on dolphin right, LVCRETI / (TRIO) below. Sharply detailed AU with contrasting cabinet toning. “This type may refer to an ancestor, C. Lucretius Gallus, who in 181 BC was created duumvir navalis, and later commanded the fleet against Perseus of Macedon.” [Seaby, p. 60] Estimate: $350-$500.

1243. Roman Republic, AR denarius, L. Scribonius Libo, 62 BC, Rome mint. Craw. 416/1a. 4.0 grams. Diademed head of Bonus Eventus right/ Puteal Scribonianum (Scribonian Well), decorated with garland and two lyres; hammer at base. Bold XF+ with toning around details, some luster. Pedigreed to the Gorny & Mosch auction of March 2008, lot #1976. Estimate: $250-$375.1244. Roman Republic, AR denarius, L. Scribonius Libo, 62 BC, Rome mint. Scribonia 8; BMC 33282; Syd. 928; Craw 416/b1. 3.8 grams. Diademed head of Bonus Eventus right / Garlanded well-head decorated with two lyres and tongs. Choice, well-centered XF with appealing toning. “Bonus Eventus was the god of Good Fortune and the divinity who favoured agriculture. The reverse shows the puteal Scribonianum which was erected in the Forum near the arch of Fabious.” [Seaby, p. 86] Estimate: $150-$225.

245

1245. Roman Republic, AR denarius, Man. Acilius Glabrio, 49 BC, Rome mint. Acilia 8; BMC 3944; Syd.922; Craw. 442/1a. 4.1 grams. Laureate head of Salus right, SALVTIS upward behind / Valetudo (Salus) standing left, leaning on column and holding snake, MN ACILIVS III VIR VALETV behind and before. Exceptional specimen for the type, fully UNC with underlying full luster and deep gunmetal toning. “The types of Salus and Valetudo are used as the Acilia gens claimed to introduce the first physician into Rome.” [Seaby, p. 10] Estimate: $350-$500.1246. Roman Republic, AR denarius, Julius Caesar, post-49 BC, Rome mint (military mint traveling with Caesar). Craw. 443/1; CRI 9; Syd.1006; RSC 49. 2.9 grams. Elephant advancing right, trampling on horned serpent / Emblems of the pontificate: simpulum, aspergillum, securis, and apex. Well-toned VF with light surface corrosion, nicely centered, good contrast, popular type. Estimate: $400-$600.

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246

World Silver Coins

1247. Argentina (Potosí mint), 8 reales, 1815FL. Janson-5; KM-15. 26.5 grams. AXF with light rainbow-toning around details, slightly weak centers, popular type struck with laurel edge identical to the colonial pillar-dollar series. Estimate: $250-$375.1248. Argentina (Potosí mint), 1 real, 1813J. Janson-13; KM-2. 3.4 grams. Bold and well-struck XF (nice centers), with faint golden toning all over, nice rims, scarce and desirable first date of issue. Estimate: $600-$900.

1249. Argentina (La Rioja mint), 8 reales, 1836P. Janson-37; KM-20. 26.8 grams. Bold AU with muted luster under light toning all over, fully detailed strike, choice for type. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

1250. Argentina (La Rioja mint), 2 soles, 1826-RA, no P, medal alignment, ex-Dana Roberts, encapsulated ANACS AU 50. Janson-44; KM-18. Choice toning and luster, incomplete rims (as made slightly out of round). Pedigreed to the Dana Roberts collection. Estimate: $300-$450.

Argentina (River Plate Provinces)

247

Argentina (Buenos Aires)

1251. Buenos Aires, Argentina (National Bank), copper 20 décimos, 1827, rare error struck about 30% off-center, ex-Dana Roberts. Janson-3.2; KM-5. 27.7 grams. Red-brown UNC/AU with muted luster, crudely cracked flan, all details visible despite the error, probably never circulated. Pedigreed to the Dana Roberts collection. Estimate: $500-$750.

1252. Buenos Aires, Argentina (National Bank), copper 20 décimos, 1827. Janson-3.2; KM-5. 28.0 grams. Evenly struck AXF with dark toning, no problems. Estimate: $250-$375.1253. Buenos Aires, Argentina (National Bank), copper 20 décimos, 1831. Janson-5; KM-5. 22.3 grams. Darkly toned VF with minor rim-bruises, even chocolate color all over. Estimate: $350-$500.

1254. Buenos Aires, Argentina (National Bank), copper 10 décimos, 1830, encapsulated NGC AU 53 BN. Janson-8.2; KM-4.

Traces of original color and luster on fields. Tied for second finest graded by NGC. Estimate: $200-$300.

248

1255. Buenos Aires, Argentina, copper 1 real, 1840. Janson-16; KM-7. 3.6 grams. Matte UNC with hint of original color, no problems. Estimate: $125-$200.

Argentina (Córdoba)

1256. Buenos Aires, Argentina, copper 5/10 real (5 décimos), 1827, off-center error. Janson-9; KM-3. 6.7 grams. UNC with original color and luster, struck about 10% off-center and probably never circulated. Estimate: $200-$300.

1257. Buenos Aires, Argentina, copper 1 décimo, 1822. Janson-1; KM-1. 6.7 grams. Red-brown Mint State with some iridescent toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

1258. Buenos Aires, Argentina, copper 1 décimo, 1823, encapsulated NGC MS 65 RB, finest known graded by NGC. Janson-2; KM-1. Superb specimen with very attractive color and luster, very well-struck and sharply detailed. Estimate: $250-$375.

1259. Córdoba, Argentina, 4 reales, 1850. Janson-58.1; KM-24.3. 13.0 grams. Lustrous AU with parts of rims crude (as made), slightly weak centers, impressive grade for the issue. Estimate: $300-$400.

1260. Córdoba, Argentina, 2 reales, 1844, “CONFEDERADA” variety, encapsulated NGC MS 62, finest known specimen graded by NGC. Janson-49; KM-23. Bold and fully detailed strike, with slightly crude rims (as made), nice luster and faint rainbow-toning, a real gem for the series. Estimate: $300-$450.

249

1261. Córdoba, Argentina, 1/4 real, (1853-4), 10-pointed sunface, very rare. Janson-68.2.1; KM-33.2. 0.7 gram. Choice XF with nice light toning, rims slightly crude as usual, better than the Plate Coin in Janson, who features this variety at about ten times the value of the normal type with 8 points. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1262. Córdoba, Argentina, 1/4 real, (1853-4), 8-pointed sunface. Janson-68.1.1; KM-33.1. 0.7 gram. Richly toned and well-struck XF, no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

Argentina (La Rioja)

1263. La Rioja, Argentina, 2 reales, 1842, Rosas, “DELAS” variety. Janson-63.2; KM-12. 6.6 grams. Attractively rainbow-toned and well-struck AU- (scarce grade for this type), no problems, a highly desirable specimen of an important and highly sought issue. Estimate: $400-$600.

1264. La Rioja, Argentina, 1/2 real, 1854B, legend as CRED. PUB. DE LA RIOJA. Janson-73; KM-25. 1.6 grams. Frosty, almost prooflike Mint State with choice luster, nice strike, no problems, very high grade for this type. Estimate: $150-$225.

Argentina (Republic)

1265. Argentina, 50 centavos, 1882. Janson-16; KM-28. 12.4 grams. Lustrous Mint State with faint rainbow-toning, minimal surface hairlines. Estimate: $80-$120.1266. Argentina, 20 centavos, 1897, encapsulated NGC MS 65, finest known specimen graded by NGC. Janson-53; KM-36. Bold strike, light blue toning against muted luster, not a hint of wear anywhere. Estimate: $250-$375.1267. Argentina, copper 2 centavos, 1891, encapsulated NGC MS 65 BN, finest known specimen graded by NGC. Janson-32; KM-33. Wildly lustrous and gold-toned, superb strike and preservation, the best there is! Estimate: $100-$150.

250

Austria

1268. Habsburg Austria (Hall mint), thaler, Archduke Leopold, 1620, encapsulated NGC AU 53. Davenport #3328. Lustrous fields, light (slightly uneven toning), impressive details. Estimate: $200-$300.

Bolivia (colonial)Busts

1270. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1778PR. KM-55. 27.0 grams. Lustrous, almost prooflike Mint State with no problems except for small dark spots of toning, certainly the finest specimen we have ever offered and probably on par with the three MS specimens listed in the NGC census. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1271. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1779PR. KM-55; CT-980. 26.9 grams. Bold, lustrous AU with nice rims, no problems. Estimate: $250-$375.

1269. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1777PR, encapsulated NGC MS 62, finest known graded by NGC. KM-55. Unlike the 1774, for which there is a hoard of prooflike Mint State specimens, the 1777 date does not come any higher than MS 62 (the next highest in the NGC census being AU 58)—this specimen—which is quite lustrous and very lightly toned, no wear but a few minor surface marks from incidental contact that keep it from an even higher grade. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

251

1272. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1779PR. KM-55; CT-980. 27.0 grams. Lightly cleaned VF+ with hint of luster and toning. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #706. Estimate: $100-$150.

1273. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1782PR. KM-55; CT-986. 26.9 grams. Richly rainbow-toned VF+, slightly off-center reverse with part of rim crude as a result. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #709, and to Worldwide Coins of California auction #XXXIII, with lot-tag #334. Estimate: $125-$200.

1274. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1788PR. KM-55; CT-997. 27.0 grams. Highly lustrous UNC with traces of toning around rims, faint surface hairlines. Estimate: $400-$600.

1275. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1789PR. KM-55; CT-998. 26.8 grams. Bold AXF with toning around details, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $250-$375.

1276. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789PR. KM-64; CT-710. 27.0 grams. Very lustrous AU, slightly uneven strike, light surface hairlines. Pedigreed to the ca.-1808 “Cuzco hoard” and to our Auction #5 (lot 883). Estimate: $100-$150.

1277. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1790PR, with ANACS tag AU 55. KM-64; CT-711. 26.9 grams. Muted luster, nice strike except for bottom half of shield, incipient toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

1278. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1792PR. KM-73; CT-713. 26.8 grams. Cleaned AU with luster, spots of gold color. Pedigreed to the ca.-1808 “Cuzco hoard” and to our Auction #5 (lot 885). Estimate: $150-$225.

252

1279. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1793PR. KM-73; CT-714. 26.8 grams. Lustrous AU- with light surface hairlines, nice rims. Pedigreed to the ca.-1808 “Cuzco hoard” and to our Auction #5 (lot 886). Estimate: $125-$200.

1280. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1794PR. KM-73; CT-715. 26.8 grams. Lustrous AU with light surface hairlines. Pedigreed to the ca.-1808 “Cuzco hoard” and to our Auction #5 (lot 887). Estimate: $150-$225.

1281. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1797PP. KM-73; CT-720. 26.8 grams. Lustrous XF+ with light surface corrosion around rims, light surface hairlines. Estimate: $100-$150.

1282. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1798PP. KM-73; CT-721. 26.9 grams. Highly lustrous UNC with bold rims, no problems. Pedigreed to the ca.-1808 “Cuzco hoard” and to our Auction #5 (lot 890). Estimate: $175-$250.1283. Lot of 2 Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales: 1808PJ (Charles IV) and 1817PJ (Ferdinand VII). 53.2 grams total. Both holed at top, Fine with toning, crude rims. Estimate: $75-$110.

1284. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813PJ. KM-84; CT-601. 26.9 grams. Lustrous AU with light surface hairlines, off-center strike. Estimate: $100-$150.

1285. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814PJ. KM-84; CT-603. 26.8 grams. Bold VF/XF (slightly concave) with choice rainbow-toning on obverse and luster on reverse, the latter struck off-center. Estimate: $80-$120.

1286. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1817PJ. KM-84; CT-606. 26.9 grams. Bold and highly lustrous Mint State, choice bold strike but parts of rims crude (as made), no problems. Estimate: $150-$225.

253

1287. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1817PJ. KM-84; CT-606. 26.9 grams. Nice XF with deep, dark toning all over, no problems. Estimate: $90-$135.

1288. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818PJ. KM-84; CT-607. 26.8 grams. Highly lustrous UNC with light surface hairlines, tiny black spots, choice strike, the rims just a little uneven (as made). Estimate: $100-$150.

1289. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821PJ. KM-84; CT-610. 27.1 grams. Richly toned AU- with light surface hairlines, nice strike and rims. Estimate: $90-$135.

1290. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1822PJ. KM-84; CT-611. 26.8 grams. Bold VF+ with elegant toning all over, no problems. Estimate: $75-$110.

1291. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1823PJ. KM-84; CT-613. 26.8 grams. Nicely toned XF with hint of luster, practically no rims (as made). Estimate: $80-$120.

1292. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1824J, rare single-letter assayer. KM-84; CT-615. 26.9 grams. Good VF+ with hint of luster and toning, minor natural flaw near rim at top of reverse, elusive issue that catalogs for many times the normal variety for this year. Estimate: $500-$750.

1293. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1824PJ. KM-84; CT-614. 27.0 grams. AXF with light surface hairlines, nice toning, light verdigris on reverse, slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $100-$150.

1294. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1824PJ. KM-84; CT-614. 26.5 grams. Lustrous and gold-toned XF+ with dark spots on rims, which are also slightly crude (as made). Estimate: $100-$150.

254

1295. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales, Charles III, 1774JR. KM-54; CT-1175. 13.4 grams. Off-center and somewhat oval-shaped AU+ with minor natural planchet-flaws, attractive toning and luster. Estimate: $175-$250.

1301. Potosí, Bolivia, 4 soles, 1830JL, medal alignment. KM-96a.1. 13.3 grams. Lustrous XF with typically very weak centers, rich golden toning at rims, slightly crude at top (as made), clear AYACUCHO on edge. Estimate: $60-$90.

1302. Potosí, Bolivia, 4 soles, 1830JL, no dots in legend (unlisted variety). KM-unl (96a.1 for type). 13.3 grams. Unevenly struck VF with crude stress-flaws, off-center strike, toned in legends, with green spots on high points, in short a very crude coin but possibly an important variety for the specialist. Estimate: $60-$90.

1296. Lot of 4 Potosí, Bolivia, bust 4 reales: 1799PP, 1807PJ and 1808PJ under Charles IV; and 1818PJ under Ferdinand VII. 52.5 grams total. All About Fine with crude holes at top, some nicely toned. Estimate: $100-$150.1297. Lot of 4 Potosí, Bolivia, bust 2 reales: 1800PP and 1808PJ under Charles IV; 1818PJ and 1825JL under Ferdinand VII. 26.2 grams. Fine on average, mostly nicely toned, but all with old holes at top. Estimate: $80-$120.

Bolivia (Republic)

1299. Potosí, Bolivia, 8 soles, 1831JL. KM-97. 26.8 grams. Lightly toned AXF with minor marks, popular issue with portrait of Bolívar. Estimate: $60-$90.

1300. Potosí, Bolivia, 8 soles, 1850FM, encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-109. Richly toned and well-struck except for the rims (slightly off-center strike), traces of luster, tied with 2 others for second-finest graded by NGC (the best being an MS 63). Estimate: $200-$300.

1298. Potosí, Bolivia, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1821PJ, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-90; CT-1374. Deeply toned and lustrous, among the top 5 graded by NGC. Estimate: $150-$225.

255

1303. Potosí, Bolivia, 4 soles, 1854MJ, encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-123.2. Lustrous and well struck, effectively Uncirculated, among the top ten specimens graded by NGC. Estimate: $80-$120.

Brazil (colonial)

1304. Brazil, 500 reis, crowned-”S00” countermark (1663) on a Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis of João IV, with milled edge, ex-Paulistana Collection. KM-36. 21.3 grams. A very strange coin of a hand-struck type but with milled edge (known to Brazilian collectors as “nueva orla,” probably applied later to combat clipping, this specimen very similar to the KM Plate Coin), also with odd bulge and engrailing in the interior that might be related, some doubling on both sides, VF with light golden toning on fields, full countermark. Pedigreed to the Paulistana Collection. Estimate: $400-$600.

1305. Brazil, 500 reis, crowned-”500” countermark (1663) on a Lisbon, Portugal, 400 reis of João IV. KM-36. 22.1 grams. Attractively toned AVF with very full and bold countermark, nice inner details and most of legends. Estimate: $400-$600.

1306. Brazil, 500 reis, crowned-”S00” countermark (1663) on a Porto, Portugal, 400 reis of João IV. KM-38. 22.1 grams. Attractively old-toned VF with full cross-side details, bold but doubled countermark, somewhat off-center obverse, scarce host mint. Estimate: $500-$750.

1307. Brazil, 500 reis, crowned-”S00” countermark (1663) on a Porto, Portugal, 400 reis of João IV. KM-38. 13.0 grams. Thin and corroded from salvage but with bold crown and shield and denomination, also choice full countermark, lightly toned, scarce host mint. Estimate: $250-$275.

1308. Brazil, 250 reis, crowned-”2S0” countermark (1663) on a Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis of João IV, encapsulated NGC XF 40. KM-33.2. Roundish flan with full legends, the inner details with oddly engrailed bulge in centers (like lot 1304 above, possibly also with milled edge but impossible to see in slab), full countermark near edge, very richly toned all over. Estimate: $300-$450.

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256

1314. Brazil (Minas Gerais), 960 reis, crowned-arms counterstamp (1808) on a Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8 reales of Charles IV (host date not visible), encapsulated PCGS VF35. KM-242. Very richly toned all over, the counterstamp full but weak in centers. Estimate: $250-$375.

1315. Brazil (Rio mint), 600 reis, 1758-R. KM-187. 17.9 grams. Lightly toned AXF with hint of luster, some dark patches, crude rims (as made). Pedigreed to our Auction #8, with lot-tag 1767. Estimate: $200-$300.

1309. Brazil, 250 reis, crowned-”2S0” countermark (1663) on a Lisbon, Portugal, 200 reis of João IV. KM-33.2. 10.9 grams. Choice bold strike with full king’s ordinal, very deep full countermark, richly toned AXF. Estimate: $300-$450.

1310. Brazil, 640 reis, 1695, large crown. KM-83.1. 18.7 grams. Lightly toned AVF, struck slightly off-center. Pedigreed to our Auction #8, with original lot-tag 1765. Estimate: $200-$300.

1311. Brazil, 640 reis, 1696, large crown (unlisted for this date). KM-unl. 18.8 grams. Richly toned VF+, no problems, nice contrast, possibly rare variety but the date itself common. Estimate: $150-$225.

1312. Brazil (Minas Gerais), 960 reis, crowned-arms counterstamp (1808) on a Santiago, Chile, bust 8 reales of Charles IV, 1805FJ, rare. KM-243. 26.8 grams. Bold full counterstamp (deeply impressed on reverse), richly toned VF+, good strike, rare host mint. Estimate: $500-$750.

1313. Brazil (Minas Gerais), 960 reis, crowned-arms counterstamp (1808) on a Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1806JP. KM-249. 27.0 grams. Bold VF with very light toning, fully impressed counterstamp, crude edge (as made). Pedigreed to our Auction #8, lot 1768. Estimate: $350-$500.

257

1316. Brazil (Rio mint), 600 reis, 1758-R. KM-187. 17.7 grams. Lustrous AU- with small scrape on reverse, parts of rims weak, choice grade for the type. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

1317. Brazil (Bahia mint), 960 reis, 1814-B, unique error with partial second strike at edge. KM-307.1. 26.3 grams. Broad-flan UNC with muted luster and attractive toning, struck slightly off-center but also with the top of the crown of a second strike at the lower rim (and corresponding portion of the reverse on the other side), probably withheld from circulation. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

1318. Brazil (Bahia mint), 960 reis, 1814-B, encapsulated NGC MS 64, tied for finest known graded by NGC. KM-307.1. Lustrous and beautifully golden-toned, nice rims, some central details slightly weak, small die-crack to left of crown, very choice grade. Estimate: $250-$375.

1319. Brazil (Bahia mint), 960 reis, 1814-B, struck over a Santiago, Chile, bust 8 reales of Charles IV, 1806FJ, rare. KM-307.1. 26.6 grams. Lightly toned AU with muted luster, dark spot in center of obverse, but best feature is the presence of CAROLVS DEI GRATIA 1806 from the under-coin, faintly visible in the obverse legends and similarly clear FJ assayer on reverse. Estimate: $175-$225.

1320. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, 1814-R, encapsulated NGC AU 53. KM-256.2. Huge flan, deeply toned but somewhat lightly struck, with underlying luster around details, rims slightly crude (as made). Estimate: $200-$300.

1321. Brazil (Bahia mint), 960 reis, 1815-B, encapsulated NGC MS 64, tied for finest known graded by NGC. KM-307.1. Choice luster and pinkish toning, parts of central details slightly weak but no wear at all, impressive condition for this type. Estimate: $250-$375.

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258

1322. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, 1816-R, struck over an Argentina (Potosí) “sunface” 8 reales or 8 soles (1813-15), rare. KM-307.3. 26.6 grams. Lightly toned and faintly lustrous AU with rays from undercoin clearly visible on reverse. Pedigreed to our Auction #8, lot 1771. Estimate: $250-$375.

1323. Brazil (Bahia mint), 960 reis, 1816-B, struck over a Cádiz, Spain, bust 8 escudos of Ferdinand VII, assayer CJ (1812-15), encapsulated NGC MS 63, rare. KM-307.1. Lustrous fields (nearly prooflike), with light rainbow-toning around details, choice grade (within the top 5 in NGC census), with undercoin details like assayer CJ peeking out, first specimen we have ever heard of on a Cádiz host. Estimate: $250-$375.

1324. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, 1820-R, struck over an unidentified Spanish colonial bust 8R. KM-326.1. 26.9 grams. Mintmark flanked by flowers, bold AU with patchy rainbow-toning on obverse, good rims, struck on a large flan that probably means the undercoin was Potosí but only small traces of the original details are visible (not enough to confirm), rare grade for this type. Estimate: $400-$600.

1325. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, 1820-R, struck over an unidentified Spanish colonial bust 8R, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-326.1. Lustrous and attractive but with slightly rough surfaces as made (rusty dies?), slightly off-center strike, very choice grade (tied for second-highest grade in NGC census). Estimate: $500-$750.

1326. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, 1821-R, ex-Millennia, encapsulated NGC MS 65, tied for finest known graded by NGC. KM-326.1. Super strike and flashy luster (no toning), the surfaces slightly grainy (probably rusty dies) but still a very eye-catchingly choice coin that deserves its spot atop the condition census, with desirable pedigree as well. Pedigreed to the Millennia collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $850-$1,250.

1327. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, 1821-R, struck over an unidentified Spanish colonial bust 8R. KM-326.1. 26.8 grams. Choice XF+ with traces of undercoin visible, weak rims (as made), starting to tone. Estimate: $400-$600.

259

1328. Brazil (Bahia mint), 640 reis, 1805-B, key date. KM-231.2. 19.2 grams. Decent VF with full but lightly struck details and toning all over, no problems, rare final date of type. Estimate: $125-$200.

1329. Brazil (Rio mint), 640 reis, 1811-R, encapsulated NGC AU 50, tied for finest known graded by NGC. KM-256.2. Very broad flan that extends beyond the rims, steel-gray toning and muted luster, slightly weakly struck in centers but otherwise Uncirculated in our view, choice for this type. Estimate: $600-$900.

1330. Brazil (Rio mint), 320 reis, 1820-R, encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-324.2 (but no star on crown). Well struck and richly toned, virtually Uncirculated except for faint wear on a few leaves, in fact tied for second finest known in NGC census. Estimate: $150-$225.

1331. Brazil (Rio mint), copper 20 reis, 1822-R, encapsulated NGC MS 63 BN, tied for finest known graded by NGC. KM 316.1. Lovely reddish brown color all over, clearly Uncirculated but with a couple high spots slightly rubbed, exceptional grade, with muted luster. Estimate: $200-$300.

Brazil (Empire)

1332. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, Pedro I, 1823-R, struck over an unidentified Spanish colonial bust 8R, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-368.1. Broad flan with sharp details, light toning with underlying luster, traces of undercoin visible. Estimate: $350-$500.1333. Brazil (Rio mint), 960 reis, Pedro I, 1824-R, struck over a Potosí, Bolivia, bust 8R of Ferdinand VII, assayer PJ (1808-24), encapsulated NGC MS 64, tied for finest known graded by NGC. KM-368.1. Superbly sharp details and lustrous fields overlaid with attractive light toning, much of the undercoin detail visible, a very choice coin all around and worthy of its lofty census position. Estimate: $650-$975.

1334. Brazil (Rio mint), copper 80 reis, Pedro I, 1831-R, struck over a previous 80 reis (rare). KM-366.1. 26.9 grams. Well-struck XF with traces of undercoin in legends, even brown color all over, one small rim-bruise. Estimate: $150-$225.

260

1335. Brazil, 2000 reis, Pedro II, 1851. KM-462. 25.4 grams. Choice, lustrous Mint State, just a few bagmarks only, with hint of toning. Estimate: $150-$225.1336. Brazil, 2000 reis, Pedro II, 1855. KM-466. 25.4 grams. UNC with bagmarks, lustrous and lightly rainbow-toned, good strike. Estimate: $150-$225.1337. Brazil, 2000 reis, Pedro II, 1889. KM-485. 25.5 grams. Choice AU with muted luster and very light toning, final date of imperial series. Estimate: $150-$225.

Brazil (Republic)

1338. Brazil, 4000 reis, 1900, 400th Anniversary of Discovery of Brazil, variety with 16 rays around star below Cabral’s hand. KM-502.1. 51.2 grams. Large and popular commemorative coin in beautifully rainbow-toned XF+ condition, no problems. Estimate: $350-$500.1339. Brazil, 2000 reis, 1912, dashes between stars. KM-511. 19.9 grams. Lightly bagmarked Mint State with incipient toning, hints of toning. Estimate: $150-$225.

Chile (colonial)Busts1340. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 reales, 1802JJ, encapsulated NGC AU 58, finest known graded by NGC. KM-51; CT-752. Brilliant with luster, no toning, just a few tiny marks away from Mint State but still exceptional for the type and worthy of its lofty status atop the NGC census. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

261

1341. Santiago, Chile, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1802JJ. KM-51; CT-752. 26.3 grams. VF with light toning all over, a few dark spots near rims, no problems. Estimate: $400-$600.

1342. Santiago, Chile, bust 4 reales, 1813FJ (inverted J), encapsulated NGC AU 53, finest known graded by NGC. KM-64; CT-808. Bold strike with toning around details, with some light wear but still the best example in the NGC census for this scarce type. Estimate: $400-$600.1343. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales. Charles III, 1784DA. KM-30; CT-1427. 6.2 grams. About Fine with choice rich toning on fields, no problems, scarce type. Estimate: $300-$450.1344. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1795DA. KM-59; CT-1042. 6.5 grams. Sharp VF with luster and toning around details, off-center strike. Estimate: $100-$150.

1345. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1802JJ. KM-59; CT-1049. 6.6 grams. Richly rainbow-toned Fine+ with bold rims. Estimate: $100-$150.1346. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1808FJ. KM-59; CT-1055. 6.6 grams. About Fine with nice toning, off-center strike. Estimate: $100-$150.1347. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1808FJ. KM-59; CT-1055. 6.3 grams. Deeply toned Fine (good contrast) with minor flan-flaws. Estimate: $100-$150.

1348. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII transitional (“admiral’s bust”), 1810FJ. KM-74; CT-1016. 6.6 grams. Bold VF+ with slightly grainy surfaces, broad flan (extending beyond rims), good toning, scarce 3-year type. Estimate: $100-$150.

1349. Santiago, Chile, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII transitional (“admiral’s bust”), 1811FJ. KM-74; CT-1017. 6.7 grams. Bold but slightly crude strike (especially the rims, with one large void on reverse), richly old-toned VF, scarce 3-year type. Estimate: $80-$120.

262

1350. Santiago, Chile, bust 1/2 real, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789DA. KM-29; CT-1333. 1.7 grams. Fine with light old scratches on bust, light toning, good rims, scarce type. Estimate: $100-$150.1351. Santiago, Chile, bust 1/2 real, Charles IV, 1804FJ, encapsulated NGC AU 58, finest known graded by NGC. KM-57; CT-1350. Superb luster and clearly Uncirculated but with crude edge due to poor centering and other minor flaws (including a line cross the bust from a hair on the die!), choice for the issue. Estimate: $150-$225.1352. Santiago, Chile, bust 1/2 real, Ferdinand VII, 1813FJ, encapsulated NGC MS 64, finest known graded by NGC. KM-64; CT-1392. Incredible luster and no wear at all, with choice details, just struck a bit off-center. Estimate: $300-$450.1353. Santiago, Chile, 1/4 real, Charles IV (bust of Charles III), 1790. KM-43; CT-1445. 0.8 gram. Fine+ with contrasting toning, no problems, scarce and popular (short-lived) type. Estimate: $150-$225.1354. Santiago, Chile, 1/4 real, 1817. KM-73; CT-1502. 0.9 gram. AU with light toning and luster, slightly off-center strike (the flan extending beyond the rims). Estimate: $150-$225.

263

Chile (Valdivia provisional Republican issue)

1355. Valdivia, Chile, 8 reales, 1822, ex-Millennia, KM Plate Coin, encapsulated NGC XF 40, extremely rare, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-3 (this coin).

The formerly prosperous colonial city of Valdivia was heavily looted during the struggle for Chilean independence in 1820. Without enough coinage for daily commerce and payment to the local garrison, the governor was forced to collect silverware and any other silver items available from merchants and other residents in order to make coins. Some 4000 ounces of silver were amassed and sent to a new facility on an estate known as Chunimpa, under the supervision of its owner, Don Antonio Adriazola. The coins thus produced were known as “chunimpanas.”

Striking took place in 1822, in the denominations of 1, 2 and 8 reales, with a simple design consisting of the denomination, VA and date on the obverse and a column and three stars on the reverse. Because these “emergency” coins were unofficial and not even proper weight for their values, they were all called in by the Chilean government and melted. For that reason, surviving specimens are very rare, and are plagued by counterfeit copies. The fact that the present coin is certified authentic (the only one graded by NGC) is therefore quite significant.

Because the design of this coin is so sparse, with much more open field than actual details, it must have been very difficult for NGC to accurately grade it, especially in the absence of others for comparison; most likely they erred on the side of caution with the XF 40 grade. There is some faint luster, after all, and all the details are full and bold against deep toning all over (minor dark spots at rims, which are slightly off-center), but then again the fields do have numerous small marks that would be lacking in a true AU or Mint State piece. The main point is that this coin is genuine and problem-free, and well worth a premium for the story behind its manufacture.

Pedigreed to the Millennia collection, as stated in the slab.

Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

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264

Chile (“volcano” series)

Chile (Copiapó revolutionary issue)

1356. Santiago, Chile, 1 peso, 1833I, encapsulated NGC AU 50. KM-82.2. Gorgeous toning and choice details, with just a few minor marks and “sweating” on the fields but very little wear, in fact just two grades away from the finest known in the NGC census for this date (AU 55), a popular and attractive design in choice grade. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Chile (“condor” series)

1357. Santiago, Chile, 1/2 real, 1844IJ. KM-98.2. 1.6 grams. Lightly toned and lustrous UNC with and old gouge from the minting process below the condor (protruding on the other side), also a curious error (normal for this year) with the word “Y” (“and”) rendered as a “V”. Estimate: $200-$300.1358. Santiago, Chile, 1/2 real, 1851LA, ex-Whittier, encapsulated NGC MS 65, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-98.2. Perfect specimen with light, even toning, lustrous fields, clearly the best. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

1359. Copiapó, Chile, 50 centavos, (1859), flat star, wide shield. KM-1.4. 11.3 grams. Scarce uniface issue with star in shield above denomination (underpriced in KM), somewhat lightly struck but also somewhat worn, Fine with light toning, no problems. Estimate: $125-$200.

265

1362. Santiago, Chile, 1 peso, 1883, flat-top 3 (1925 restrike), coin alignment (unlisted). KM-142.2 but not medal alignment. 15.0 grams. The flat-top 3 variety of this date was actually struck in 1925 (or early 1926) in about a tenth of the quantity of the original (round-top 3) 1883 pesos, and most specimens were melted down in 1927, making it a rare and interesting issue. Lustrous AU with a few minor marks but practically no wear. Estimate: $500-$700.

1363. Santiago, Chile, 1 peso, 1885. KM-142.1. 24.9 grams. Choice AU+ with beautiful rainbow-toning all over, better date. Estimate: $200-$300.

Chile (Republic)

1360. Santiago, Chile, 1 peso, 1873, encapsulated NGC MS 63, tied for finest known graded by NGC. KM-142.1. Lustrous, no toning, very choice grade for this date, with only some very minor spots of weak strike. Estimate: $300-$450.

1361. Santiago, Chile, 1 peso, 1878, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-142.1. Choice luster and perfect strike, just a few bagmarks away from the best. Estimate: $150-$225.

1364. Santiago, Chile, 20 centavos, 1920, with unidentified star countermark in center. KM-167.1. 4.5 grams. Lightly toned VF with very deeply impressed countermark on denomination side (protruding from the other side) that appears to be the symbolic star of Chile but comes from an unknown issuer. Estimate: $100-$150.

China

1365. China (Kwang-Tung Province), 20 cents (1 mace and 4.4 candareens), struck 1890-1908. KM-Y201. 5.4 grams. UNC with very faint luster and toning, no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

1366. China (Republic), 1 dollar (yuan), year 9 (1920). KM-Y329.6. 26.8 grams. Choice Mint State with semi-lustrous fields and traces of rainbow-toning around details. Estimate: $350-$500.

266

1367. Bogotá, Colombia, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1770VJ, encapsulated NGC MS 63, extremely rare (14 known). Restrepo-44.2; KM-39; CT-1000.

Few coins muster the mystique of the “pillar dollar,” known to Spanish-speakers as “columnario,” a truly beautiful coin that was ONLY struck at the Spanish colonial mints of Mexico, Lima, Potosi, Guatemala, Santiago and Bogotá. Those from the last two mints are among the rarest crowns in the world, having been struck in only selective years. As the present coin shows, sometimes all the specimens of a year’s mintage are found in one hoard.

What makes the “pillar dollar” so special is that it was a truly worldwide currency, freely traded in all the continents except Antarctica. A well-known fact is that it was legal tender in the United States until 1857. The design itself is also attractive to collectors, as it shows two globes (for the Old and New Worlds) between the Pillars of Hercules draped with PLVS VLTRA (“more beyond”) under a crown and the legend VTRAQUE VNUM (“both are one”). The other side of the coin shows the Bourbon Spanish arms with denomination, assayers’ initials, mintmark and king’s name. This design was universal among the six mints.

The Colombian mint, at the city of Santa Fe de Bogotá in the Viceroyalty of Nuevo Reino de Granada (New Kingdom of Granada), from which the mintmark NR is derived, was traditionally a gold-producing mint, and its silver output was always somewhat less than other mints in colonial days. But the pillar dollars were the least-produced type of all, with emissions known for only three years: 1759, 1762 and 1770. No more than a handful of specimens are known for each year.

The 1770s were unknown until 2006 (or thereabouts), when fourteen specimens were recovered from the original foundation of the Nuestra Señora del Pilar church in Bogotá. This church, which was also a convent and school for girls, existed from the 1770s until 1948, when it was set on fire and eventually destroyed during the major riots known as the “Bogotazo,” triggered by the assassination of Liberal leader Jorge Eliecer Gaitán. The land where this historical building sat then became a parking lot until construction began on a new building in recent years. When the construction crews dug up the parking lot, they found a group of over 100 coins in the old church’s foundation, including the fourteen 1770 Nuevo Reino pillar dollars, reflecting a Spanish tradition of placing coins inside a new building’s first cornerstone. In fact, a contemporary document by Dr. Pedro de Saráchaga records that on October 12, 1770, there were “monedas nuevas que llevaban (doce niñas ilustres) para ese fin” [new coins that were carried by twelve illustrious girls for this purpose], namely the inauguration of the construction of the convent of Nuestra Señora del Pilar. This documentation supports a number of twelve 1770 pillar dollars, to which two must have been added along the line (perhaps carried by the priests). Rumors of a larger census have all proven false but perhaps have triggered conservative grading and sales prices.

Shortly after their discovery the 1770 pillar dollars were all sold to private collectors and museums in Colombia. Most of the coins, however, were purchased by one Colombian collector, who felt the present specimen had the best strike. Of the coins he felt were inferior to this coin, five have been sold at public auction (two NGC MS 64, one NGC MS 62, and two ungraded) for prices starting around $50,000 and well exceeding $100,000 each. Even though the present specimen, which has never been offered before, was graded MS 63 by NGC, it shows a noticeably deeper and choicer strike than the two MS 64’s sold at auction, and its full mint luster begs a higher grade anyway. Since several of the fourteen coins were damaged by lime and cement, it is possible that only half the specimens are actually Mint State, and this is the last new Mint State specimen that will ever be offered.

Estimate: $40,000-$60,000.

Colombia (colonial)

Pillars

267

268

Busts1368. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1819FJ, encapsulated NGC XF 45. Restrepo-113.9; KM-70.1; CT-1012. Lustrous and lightly toned, fully AU in our opinion but second-finest in NGC census anyhow, struck slightly off-center but overall much nicer strike than usual for this type. Estimate: $150-$225.1369. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Charles IV, 1804JJ. Restrepo-78.40; KM-58; CT-1194. 3.1 grams. AVF for type, nicely toned, partially weak rims (as made). Estimate: $70-$100.1370. Bogotá, Colombia, bust 1 real, Ferdinand VII (bust of Charles IV), 1812JF. Restrepo-111.5; KM-68.1; CT-1210. 3.4 grams. Bold VF with partially weak rims, not much toning. Estimate: $80-$120.1371. Bogotá, Colombia, 1/2 real, Charles III, anepigraphic issue with bust-style castle and lion punches (1790s). Restrepo-2.2; CT-1477 (under La Rioja, Argentina). 0.8 gram. Deeply toned XF+ with choice details, broad flan extending beyond the rims, no problems, popular issue. Estimate: $200-$300.

Colombia (Popayán royalist)1372. Popayán, Colombia, copper 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813, encapsulated NGC MS 62 BN. Restrepo-116.1; KM-B2; CT-984. Extremely rare in this grade (second finest known graded by NGC), choice strike and nice even color. Estimate: $400-$600.

Colombia (Santa Marta royalist)

1373. Santa Marta, Colombia, copper 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1820, encapsulated NGC MS 63 BN, finest known specimen graded by NGC. Restrepo-104.1; KM-B4; CT-1668. Much original color and luster in centers, choice details for the issue, worthy of its top status in the NGC census. Estimate: $250-$375.1374. Santa Marta, Colombia, copper 1/4 real, Ferdinand VII, 1820. Restrepo-104.1; KM-B4; CT-1668. 3.9 grams. Very dark VF, slightly crude strike as usual but no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

269

Colombia (Cartagena Republican)

1375. Cartagena, Colombia, copper 1/2 real, 1812, encapsulated NGC AU 53 BN. Restrepo-131.2; KM-D2. Darkly toned but well detailed, the reverse a bit off-center, second finest known specimen graded by NGC (the better coin only one grade higher at AU 55). Estimate: $350-$500.

Colombia (Republic of New Granada)

1376. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1855/1, encapsulated NGC AU 58, finest known graded by NGC. Restrepo-198.1; KM-118. Choice luster and incipient toning, good strike and rare grade for the type (no MS’s listed in the NGC census, so this one is tops), the overdate not mentioned in the slab. Estimate: $200-$300.

1377. Popayán, Colombia, 1/4 real, 1844/33, ex-Lozano, very rare. Restrepo-173.9; KM-unl (90.2 for type). 0.7 gram. This date (not just the overdate) listed as just scarce in Restrepo but with high values, this specimen with good detail despite light surface corrosion (AVF overall), with rainbow-toning at rims, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Alberto Lozano Villegas collection (Numismaticos Colombianos auction of July, 2004, lot #152). Estimate: $600-$900.

Colombia (United States of Colombia)

1378. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1863, encapsulated NGC AU 58, finest known graded by NGC. Restrepo-315.2; KM-139.1. Good strike and luster, faint incipient toning, rare grade (tops in the census), just a few minor marks preventing MS designation. Estimate: $200-$300.

1379. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1867, encapsulated NGC AU 58, finest known graded by NGC. Restrepo-315.6; KM-139.1. Super luster, very nice strike, just a few minor marks to keep it from Mint State, which is unknown for this type anyway (at least in the NGS census). Estimate: $200-$300.

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270

1380. Medellín, Colombia, 1 peso, 1869, encapsulated NGC AU 53. Restrepo-318.1; KM-154.2. Popular Liberty head type, typically weak in centers but otherwise nicely struck, lightly toned with underlying luster, scarce grade (second finest known in the NGC census). Estimate: $100-$150.

1381. Medellín, Colombia, 1 peso, 1870/9. Restrepo-318.2; KM-154.2. 24.9 grams. Nicely toned AU (scarce grade) with much underlying luster, decent strike for the type, with minor rim-bruise. Note: Restrepo lists the overdate as 1870/69 but there is no 6 under the 0. Estimate: $200-$300.

1382. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1871, encapsulated NGC MS 62, tied for finest known graded by NGC. Restrepo-317.2; KM-154.1. Lustrous and attractively toned, very choice strike and top grade for this type (one of 4 in the NGC census). Estimate: $350-$500.

1383. Bogotá, Colombia, 1 peso, 1871, encapsulated NGC VF 35. Restrepo-317.2; KM-154.1. Light rose toning, softly struck on high points as usual but technically no worse than XF in our opinion and probably AU, CLEARLY undergraded. Estimate: $100-$150.

1384. Medellín, Colombia, 1 peso, 1871. Restrepo-318.5; KM-154.2. 25.0 grams. Toned AU with underlying luster, good strike for the type but with minor natural flaw in rim below mint name, scarce grade for this type. Estimate: $200-$300.

1385. Bogotá, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1868, encapsulated NGC AU 50, finest known graded by NGC, rare first date of issue. Restrepo-293.1; KM-153.1. Lightly toned, with underlying luster, slightly weakly struck in centers as usual (which is why this AU 50 is the finest known), the denomination mislabeled in the slab as 50C (but correctly attributed in the online census). The “half dollars” of independent Colombia—a very popular series with collectors—effectively began with this date, for no prior coins of this size were struck after colonial times unless you include the unique and controversial 4 reales of 1819. Estimate: $150-$225.

1386. Bogotá, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1871, ex-Whittier, NGC AU 55 (tag only), finest known specimen graded by NGC. Restrepo-293.4; KM-153.1. 12.2 grams. Bold strike and lustrous but with lots of light marks, nice rainbow-toning at rims, desirable pedigree. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection, with NGC tag stating pedigree and grade. Estimate: $175-$250.

271

1387. Medellín, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1872, ex-Lozano. Restrepo-296.1; KM-153.3. 12.0 grams. Well-struck AU- with light rose toning, slightly grainy surfaces (no luster), rare grade for this type. Pedigreed to the Alberto Lozano Villegas collection (Numismaticos Colombianos auction of November 2000, lot #57). Estimate: $150-$225.1388. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1873, encapsulated NGC MS 61. Restrepo-306.2; KM-172.1. Choice strike and grade (very rare for this type), with super luster underlying a nice toning all over, very sharply detailed. Estimate: $200-$300.1389. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1874, denomination as “50,” encapsulated NGC AU 58. Restrepo-307.1; KM-172.2. Lustrous, well struck and attractively toned, and in near-top grade (rare thus), Estimate: $125-$200.

1390. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1874, denomination as “cincuenta,” encapsulated NGC AU 55. Restrepo-308.1; KM-177.1. Near top grade for this type (second finest in NGC census, the top coin being just one number higher at AU 58), with much luster under light toning all over, the strike just a hair less sharp than it could be, which is typical. Note that in this year the denomination changed from “50” to “cincuenta” in the legend. Estimate: $125-$200.1391. Medellín, Colombia, 5 décimos, 1875/4, encapsulated NGC AU 53. Restrepo-297.4; KM-153.4. Decent strike for type, lightly toned all over with underlying luster, the slab mislabeled with denomination as “50C” (missing in the census as a result, but certainly among the finest known) and without the obvious overdate. Estimate: $100-$150.1392. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1876, encapsulated NGC AU 55, finest known graded by NGC. Restrepo-308.3; KM-177.1. Choice luster peeking through rosy toning, nice strike but with just enough weakness to be considered below MS by NGC, who nevertheless give this coin top ranking. Estimate: $125-$200.

1393. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1879/1879, encapsulated NGC AU 58. Restrepo-308.7a; KM-177.1. Attractive rainbow-toning, choice strike, perhaps just not enough luster to make MS but still the second finest known specimen graded by NGC, who missed the overdate in the slab. Estimate: $100-$150.1394. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1880, encapsulated NGC MS 64, finest known graded by NGC. Restrepo-308.8; KM-

177.1. Brilliant luster and choice strike, very impressive, clearly the finest in every respect. Estimate: $100-$150.1395. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1881, encapsulated NGC MS 64, tied (with next lot) for finest known graded by NGC. Restrepo-308.9; KM-177.1. Superb strike, frosty white luster, every detail sharp on gleaming silver, probably not only the finest for this date but also for the entire series. Estimate: $100-$150.

272

1396. Bogotá, Colombia, 50 centavos, 1881, encapsulated NGC MS 64, tied (with previous lot) for finest known graded by NGC. Restrepo-308.9; KM-177.1. Choice brilliant luster and very nice strike (just a hair less sharp than the previous lot), with incipient toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

1397. Popayán, Colombia, 1/4 décimo, 1875, encapsulated NGC MS 64, only known specimen (therefore finest) graded by NGC. Restrepo-248.27; KM-143.2a. Bright white with luster, choice bold strike, the fields and rims typically a little uneven (as made), far and away the finest specimen on record. Estimate: $200-$300.

Costa Rica (Republic)

1398. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1866/5GW. KM-112. 12.5 grams. Toned Fine with typically weak centers, no problems, scarce overdate. Pedigreed to our Auction #7, with lot-tag #1376. Estimate: $60-$90.

1399. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1870(GW), rare date. KM-112. 11.9 grams. Very crudely struck VG with spots of black toning around some details, still an important key (low mintage of 6,267 coins) that is unpriced above Fine in KM. Estimate: $200-$300.

1400. Costa Rica, 50 centavos, 1886GW, encapsulated NGC AU 55, finest known graded by NGC. KM-124. Choice strike (full details), attractively toned all over, muted luster, best specimen in NGC census but KM lists values through BU. Estimate: $150-$225.

1401. Costa Rica (struck in Birmingham, England), 25 centavos, 1892-HEATON-BIRMM, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-130. Nice luster and choice strike, in fact the second finest known specimen graded by NGC, just not quite lustrous enough for 64. Estimate: $60-$90.

1402. Costa Rica (struck in Birmingham, England), 10 centavos, 1892-HEATON-BIRMM, encapsulated NGC MS 66, finest known graded by NGC. KM-129. BU, completely unblemished and well struck, worthy of its lofty NGC-census status. Estimate: $60-$90.

1403. Costa Rica (struck in Birmingham, England), 5 centavos, 1892-HEATON-BIRMM, encapsulated NGC MS 65, tied for finest known graded by NGC. KM-128. Near-perfect grade and strike, only 2 specimens graded and both at 65. Estimate: $50-$75.

273

Cuba

1404. Cuba, “ABC” peso, 1938. KM-22. 26.7 grams. Lustrous UNC with just a few very minor bagmarks. Estimate: $200-$300.

Ecuador1405. Quito, Ecuador, 8 reales, “MDQ” countermark (1831) on obverse of a Bogotá, Colombia, 8R, 1820JF, encapsulated NGC VG details / holed, very rare. KM-10. Host coin with weak centers as usual but rare as the variety without mintmark, bold full countermark, listed without values in KM. Estimate: $300-$450.

1406. Quito, Ecuador, 4 reales, 1857GJ. KM-37. 12.6 grams. Nicely toned VF with parts of rims slightly crude (as made), no problems, vastly underpriced in KM. Estimate: $400-$600.

1407. Quito, Ecuador, 2 reales, 1836FP. KM-18. 6.0 grams. Richly toned AXF with natural flaw near rim above sun, hint of muted luster, rare first issue of the independent Republic (not under Colombia). Estimate: $250-$375.

1408. Quito, Ecuador, 2 reales, 1836FP. KM-18. 6.3 grams. VF with attractive toning, some dark sediment, old scratches, rare first issue of the independent Republic (not under Colombia). Estimate: $250-$375.

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1409. Quito, Ecuador, 2 reales, 1837FP, very rare. KM-21. 6.0 grams. Choice strike, XF with surface hairlines (no toning), minor die-crack to right of date. KM says “existence in doubt, confirmation required,” but we have sold another before (Auction #11, VF, sold for $650 + buyer’s fee), and both coins were authenticated by Ecuadorian experts. Estimate: $400-$600.

1411. Quito, Ecuador, 2 reales, 1838MV, unique error with “PQDER” in legend. KM-18. 6.2 grams. Problem-free Fine with dark, contrasting toning on fields, uneven strike, but clear details, including the odd (unlisted) error. Estimate: $150-$225.

1410. Quito, Ecuador, 2 reales, 1838ST, rare. KM-18. 5.6 grams. Broad-flan VF with weak centers, traces of muted luster, very light toning, much rarer than assayer MV for this year. Estimate: $250-$375.

1412. Quito, Ecuador, 2 reales, 1840MV, inverted A for V in assayer. KM-18. 6.2 grams. VF with deep, rich toning, crudely repaired hole above fasces, nice detail, scarce type. Estimate: $350-$500.

275

1413. Quito, Ecuador, 2 reales, 1851GJ. KM-33. 6.9 grams. Nicely toned AVF with weak centers, parts of rims crude (as made), no problems. Estimate: $300-$450.

1414. Quito, Ecuador, 2 reales, 1852GJ. KM-33. 6.2 grams. Golden-toned VF, hint of luster at rim, slightly irregular shape (as made). Estimate: $150-$225.

1415. Quito, Ecuador, 1 real, 1833GJ. KM-13. 3.3 grams. Problem-free VF+ with hint of luster and toning, bold rims. Estimate: $150-$225.

1416. Quito, Ecuador, 1 real, 1834GJ. KM-13. 2.4 grams. Bold but slightly crude VF with luster and patchy toning. Estimate: $250-$375.

1417. Quito, Ecuador, 1 real, 1835GJ, EL ECUADOR EN COLOMBIA, rare. KM-13. 2.8 grams. Fine with weak center on date side, nice toning, old scuffs, final year of Colombian aegis. Estimate: $150-$225.

1418. Quito, Ecuador, 1 real, 1838MV, rare. KM-17. 3.8 grams. Somewhat crude VF with bold legends, hint of luster and toning, old scratches, attempted puncture above sun, key date according to KM. Estimate: $150-$225.

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1419. Quito, Ecuador, 1 real, 1839MV. KM-17. 2.9 grams. Old-toned Fine with very weak centers but traces of original luster, small split in edge. Estimate: $150-$225.

1420. Quito, Ecuador, 1/4 real, 1849GJ, encapsulated NGC AU 53. KM-36. Choice grade (only one finer in NGC census), richly rainbow-toned and attractive, unpriced in KM above XF. Estimate: $500-up.

1421. Quito, Ecuador, 1/4 real, 1852GJ. KM-36. 0.9 gram. Choice XF with contrasting toning, broad flan extending beyond rims, no problems. Estimate: $200-$300.

1422. Quito, Ecuador, 1/4 real, 1856GJ. KM-36. 1.0 grams. Richly toned AXF on a broad flan that extends beyond the slightly crude rims (lightly clipped in one spot). Estimate: $200-$300.

1423. Ecuador (struck in Mexico City), copper-nickel 2 sucres, 1973, scarce, encapsulated NGC MS 66. KM-82. Gem BU, very flashy, one of 7 MS 66’s graded by NGC that are exceeded only by a single 67, an issue that was supposedly never released for circulation and all but 35 specimens of which were re-melted, but curiously 25 of those appear in the NGC census. Estimate: $250-$375.

1424. Ecuador (struck in Santiago, Chile), 1 sucre, 1889DT-SANTIAGO-CHILE, encapsulated NGC AU details / excessive surface hairlines. KM-53.2. Bold strike with slightly rotated axes (22 degrees), light toning and luster, the hairlines not offensive or even obvious. Estimate: $150-$225.

1425. Ecuador, nickel 1 sucre, 1937HF, encapsulated MS 64, second finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-78.1. Choice and blemish-free, with very faint toning and slightly subdued luster, exceeded only by a single MS 65 in the NGC census. Estimate: $70-$100.

1426. Ecuador (struck in Birmingham, England), 1/2 sucre, 1884-HEATON-BIRMINGHAM, encapsulated NGC VF 25. KM-52. Beautifully toned all over, clearly circulated but very nice for this issue, for which the NGC census curiously lists nothing between VF and a lone MS 63 at top! Estimate: $100-$150.

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1427. Ecuador (struck in Philadelphia), 50 centavos, 1930-PHILA-U.S.A., encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-71. Flawless gem BU, second finest known graded by NGC, exceeded only by an MS 64 that we suspect is actually a tie with this coin. Estimate: $100-$150.

1428. Ecuador (struck in Santiago, Chile), 2 décimos, 1889-SANTIAGO-CHILE, with monogrammed-RA countermark for the Galápagos Islands on obverse. KM-51.2 (host). 4.8 grams. Lightly toned Fine with bold countermark (the flan slightly concave), interesting issue. Estimate: $100-$150.1429. Ecuador (struck in Lima, Peru), 2 décimos, 1894/89TF-LIMA, encapsulated NGC AU 53, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-51.3. Lustrous and choice but with very light surface hairlines on obverse. Estimate: $100-$150.1430. Lot of 3 Ecuador encapsulated brass coins of 1942, finest set graded by NGC, as follows: 20 centavos, MS 65; 10 centavos, MS 64; 5 centavos, MS 64. Flawless gems with beautiful golden or red-gold color, very impressive for the type. Estimate: $200-$300.1431. Ecuador (struck in Santiago, Chile), 1 décimo, 1889DT-SANTIAGO-CHILE, second 8 punched over a much higher 8, encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-50.2. Attractively rainbow-toned and fully Uncirculated in our opinion, but with only muted luster, bettered by just one other (MS 65) in the NGC census. Estimate: $150-$225.1432. Ecuador (struck in Lima, Peru), 1 décimo, 1893-LIMA, with small star countermark for the Galápagos Islands (?) on obverse. KM-50.3. 2.4 grams. Problem-free Fine, the tiny countermark not overly uncommon but not fully attributed. Estimate: $100-$150.1433. Ecuador, copper-nickel 10 centavos, 1919, encapsulated NGC MS 66, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-64. Prooflike BU with choice luster, no wear or marks, the best example on record. Estimate: $200-$300.1434. Ecuador (struck in Birmingham, England), copper-nickel 10 centavos, 1924-H, encapsulated NGC MS 63, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-66. Bold strike, good luster, touch of flatness in hair but no wear or marks. Estimate: $200-$300.1435. Ecuador, copper-nickel 5 centavos, 1919, 4 berries, encapsulated NGC AU details / environmental damage, rare. KM-63. Slightly dull surfaces from excessive toning (not really “damaged”), good strike with barely discernible wear on high points only, better variety according to KM. Estimate: $100-$150.1436. Ecuador, copper-nickel 2-1/2 centavos, 1917. KM-61. 2.5 grams.

Attractively toned UNC with underlying luster. Estimate: $150-$225.

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1437. Ecuador, nickel 2-1/2 centavos, 1928, encapsulated NGC MS 66, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-68. Gem BU, very flashy, the best example on record. Estimate: $200-$300.1438. Ecuador (struck in Birmingham, England), copper-nickel 1/2 centavo, 1884-HEATON-BIRMINGHAM, encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-49. Attractively golden-toned but fraught with bagmarks on reverse, still high grade and somewhat rare thus. Estimate: $300-$450.1439. Ecuador (struck in Birmingham, England), copper-nickel 1/2 centavo, 1909-H, encapsulated NGC AU details / surface hairlines. KM-57. Fully Uncirculated in our opinion, with no wear or marks, just with maybe a little too much toning but certainly not “hairlined.” Estimate: $100-$150.

El Salvador1440. El Salvador, 1 real, arms countermark (Type V, 1868) on a Mexico City, Mexico, 1 real, Charles-Joanna, “Late Series,” assayer L to right, mintmark M to left. KM-50. 2.4 grams. Very worn host as usual (AVG) but with details still clear (even much of the legends) and with contrasting toning, the countermark a bit weak but recognizable, crude old hole at edge. Estimate: $60-$90.

1441. Anglo-Gallic Aquitaine, France, denier, Richard I “lionheart” (1169-85), RICARDVS on obverse, cross on reverse. 0.8 gram. Choice example of a popular medieval issue, attractively rainbow-toned XF. Estimate: $150-$225.1442. Franche-Comte (Besançon), Burgundy, France, Philip II of Spain (1555-1598), billon carolus, 1594, Dole mint. 1.8 grams. Deeply toned, finely detailed XF but not particularly bold or well-contrasted, tiny splits in edge (as made), full legends and interiors, full date above shield. Estimate: $50-$75.1443. France (Nantes mint), 5 francs, 1813-T, encapsulated NGC MS 61, finest (and only) known graded by NGC. KM-694.14. Deeply rainbow-toned and wear-free but with sediment around some letters, choice for the issue. Estimate: $300-$450.

France

279

German States

1446. Brunswick-Lüneberg-Celle (Duchy), German States, thaler, Christian, 1629H-S, encapsulated NGC XF 45. KM-90. Lightly rainbow-toned, with muted luster but very little wear (more like AU in our opinion). Estimate: $350-$500.

1447. Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (Duchy), German States, 24 mariengroschen (“wildman”), Anton Ulrich, 1707***, encapsulated NGC AU 55. KM-685. Very lustrous and totally wear-free specimen with attractive toning that is deep at the rims, nice strike too. Estimate: $200-$300.

1444. Hall-in-Swabia (Germany), “hand” heller, ca. 1300s. Bon. 1734; Saur. 1365. 0.5 gram. UNC with lustrous fields, choice for the type and rare as showing parts of the legends, popular medieval issue with open, palm-out hand as the main design. Estimate: $60-$90.

1445. Prussia, German States, reichsthaler, 1784-A. KM-332.1. 22.0 grams. Lightly gold-toned VF with a few tiny pockmarks in field and scuffs near rim, good contrast around letters. Estimate: $150-$225.

1448. Bavaria, German States, 5 mark, 1876-D. KM-502. 27.6

grams. Nicely toned XF, no problems. Estimate: $125-$200.

Great Britain

1449. London, England, crown, William III, 1696. KM-486. 29.7 grams. Problem-free AVF with very light toning. Estimate: $150-$225.1450. London, England, 1/2 crown, George II, 1746, with LIMA below bust as struck from silver captured from the Spanish off the Pacific coast of South America. KM-584.3. 14.9 grams. Choice XF with light rainbow-toning and some luster, much better than average for this popular type. Estimate: $200-$300.

280

Guadeloupe1451. Guadeloupe (British occupation), 9 livres, crenelated square hole in center and crowned-G countermarks (1811) on a Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII transitional (imaginary bust), 1811JP. KM-36. 23.4 grams. Richly toned VF, the host coin slightly off-center, both countermarks bold and the center cut with distinct crenelations, a traditionally rare and desirable West Indies issue on a scarce-type host. Pedigreed to the Cayón auction of February, 2012, with lot-tag #1213. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

Pillars

1452. Guatemala, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1770P. KM-27.2; CT-819. 26.8 grams. Choice XF for type, very richly rainbow-toned and attractive, no problems. Pedigreed to the Dan Holmes collection. Estimate: $600-$900.

1453. Guatemala, pillar 4 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1759P. KM-17.1; CT-404. 12.9 grams. Attractively toned VF, slightly off-center strike, no problems, scarce type. Estimate: $350-$500.

Guatemala (colonial)

1454. Guatemala, pillar 4 reales, Charles III, 1762P. KM-26; CT-1045. 12.3 grams. Fine with nice toning, slightly crude strike with weakness near rims, old scratch on shield, probably lightly shaved, scarce type. Estimate: $300-$450.

1455. Guatemala, pillar 4 reales, Charles III, 1770P. KM-26; CT-1053. 13.3 grams. Nicely toned VF with bold but slightly crude rims, scarce type. Estimate: $400-$600.

Busts

1456. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Charles III, 1773P, rare. KM-36.1; CT-823. 26.6 grams. AXF with crude obverse surface (uneven and scratched), lightly toned reverse with faint adjustment marks, nice rims, rare 2-year type. Pedigreed to Robert Nesmith (8/20/1947). Estimate: $750-$1,100.

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1457. Guatemala, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1811M. KM-69; CT-459. 26.9 grams. Lustrous XF/AU with slightly crude edges (as made), better date. Pedigreed to our Auction #5 (lot #1039). Estimate: $200-$300.

1458. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1811M. KM-69; CT-459. 26.7 grams. Richly old-toned Fine with slightly weak and oddly left-shifted bust, bold reverse, better date. Estimate: $125-$200.

1459. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1812M. KM-69; CT-460. 26.8 grams. Curiously lustrous Fine with light toning, faint old scratches, weak rims. Estimate: $125-$200.

1460. Guatemala, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813M. KM-69; CT-461. 26.9 grams. Richly toned and problem-free XF. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #745. Estimate: $150-$225.

1461. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1813M. KM-69; CT-461. 26.8 grams. Weakly struck AXF with luster underneath toning, surface laminations on reverse. Estimate: $90-$135.

1462. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1814M. KM-69; CT-462. 26.8 grams. Richly toned AXF with luster, slightly out-of-round (as struck). Estimate: $90-$135.

1463. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1815M. KM-69; CT-463. 26.9 grams. Lustrous VF with nice old toning, bold rims, no problems. Estimate: $90-$135.

1464. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1816M. KM-69; CT-464. 26.8 grams. Highly lustrous AU with light toning, off-center obverse, cud near top of right pillar. Estimate: $100-$150.

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1465. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1817M. KM-69; CT-465. 26.9 grams. Nicely toned XF with underlying luster, weak rims. Estimate: $90-$135.

1466. Guatemala, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1818M. KM-69; CT-467. 27.0 grams. Lightly cleaned AU, lustrous and starting to tone around rims. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #747. Estimate: $100-$150.

1467. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1818M. KM-69; CT-467. 26.8 grams. Deeply toned XF with weak center on reverse, lustrous fields. Estimate: $90-$135.

1468. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1819M. KM-69; CT-468. 27.0 grams. Lustrous AU with light toning all over, faint adjustment marks on bust. Estimate: $100-$150.

1469. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1820M. KM-69; CT-469. 26.9 grams. Rainbow-toned XF+, no problems. Estimate: $90-$135.

1470. Guatemala, bust 8 reales Ferdinand VII, 1821M. KM-69; CT-470. 26.8 grams. Well-struck AU- with choice toning and luster. Estimate: $100-$150.

1471. Guatemala, bust 4 reales, Charles IV, 1798M. KM-52; CT-789. 13.1 grams. Bold VF with contrasting toning, weak reverse rims, no problems, scarce type. Estimate: $300-$450.

1472. Guatemala, bust 4 reales, Charles IV, 1805M. KM-52; CT-796. 13.2 grams. Richly toned Fine+ with weak bust and center of shield, good rims, no problems, scarce type. Estimate: $300-$450.

283

1473. Guatemala, bust 4 reales, Charles IV, 1807M. KM-52; CT-798. 13.4 grams. Bold VF+ with nice light toning, underlying luster, faint adjustment marks on bust, the obverse slightly off-center, scarce type. Estimate: $300-$450.1474. Guatemala, bust 4 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1815/4M, encapsulated XF 40. KM-68; CT-unl. Lustrous but lightly hairlined, scarce type, especially as encapsulated. Estimate: $200-$300.

1475. Guatemala, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1772P. KM-34.1; CT-1243. 6.1 grams. Fine with crudely struck centers, bold legends and rims, nicely toned. Estimate: $100-$150.1476. Guatemala, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1787M. KM-34.2a; CT-1253. 6.6 grams. Small-flan Fine with rich old toning, no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

1477. Lot of 2 Guatemala bust 2 reales of Charles IV: 1794M and 1796M. KM-51. 13.0 grams total. Both richly old-toned, the 1794 VF+ with luster and the 1796 Fine with weak centers, no problems. Estimate: $150-$225.1478. Lot of 2 Guatemala bust 2 reales of Charles IV: 1803M and 1804M. KM-51. 13.4 grams total. Both nicely toned, the 1803 nice AVF with luster and the 1804 Fine+ with weak bust, no problems. Estimate: $150-$225.

1479. Guatemala, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821M. KM-67; CT-895. 6.7 grams. Choice, lustrous and attractively toned AU+ with bold rims, impressive quality, final date of type. Estimate: $100-$150.1480. Guatemala, bust 1 real, Charles III, 1772P. KM-33.1; CT-1464. 3.0 grams. Deeply old-toned Fine+ with bold legends and rims, no problems, scarce early type. Estimate: $100-$150.

1481. Lot of 2 Guatemala bust 1R: 1773P (Charles III) and 1790/89M (Charles IV transitional, ordinal IV). KM-33.1 and 42.

6.4 grams total. Both Fine and richly old toned, the (scarce) 1773 with repaired hole at top but the 1790/89 problem-free. Estimate: $100-$150.1482. Lot of 2 Guatemala bust 1R of Charles IV: 1792M and 1797M. KM-54. 6.5 grams total. Attractively toned and problem-free F+/AVF on average. Estimate: $150-$225.1483. Lot of 2 Guatemala bust 1R of Charles IV: 1798M and 1804M. KM-54. 6.3 grams total. Richly old-toned Fine with hint of luster, no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

Guatemala (Republic)

1484. Guatemala, 1 peso, 1894, 1/2 real counterstamp on a Santiago, Chile, 1 peso of 1870, rare early date for this combination. KM-216. 24.9 grams. Lightly toned and lustrous AU-, no problems. Estimate: $250-$375.

284

Haiti

Italian States

1485. Le Cap, Haiti (under France), 1/2 escalin, anchor countermark (Type I, 1781) on a cut-down Lima, Peru, cob 1 real, Philip V, assayer H, rare. KM-7.2 (but Lima host). 1.1 grams. Tiny, circular coin made from the center of a cob, the host in this case not listed in KM but clearly Lima by style (as opposed to the usual Potosí), the countermark very bold and full, toned AVF overall, a traditionally rare and desirable West Indies issue. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.1486. Haiti, 50 centimes 1895, encapsulated NGC MS 62. KM-47. Brightly lustrous and wear-free, the reverse especially somewhat prooflike. Estimate: $100-$150.1487. Lot of 100 Haitian proof 25 gourdes, 1974, US bicentennial, error without country name (each 0.2491 oz ASW). KM-112.2. All lustrous and frosty proof with no marks, but all with some dulling due to being in their original PVC plastic holders, probably good candidates for professional conservation and grading, a great lot for an enterprising dealer. Estimate: $400-$600.

Honduras

1488. Tegucigalpa, Honduras, “imitation cob” 1/2 real, 1824, very rare. KM-7.1 for type. 1.4 grams. Toned VF with old test-cut at edge, nice inner details including full monogram (but with • instead of S at right side) and date (4 digits instead of 2), choice full cross-lions-castles, rare and desirable provisional issue. Estimate: $500-$750.

1489. Honduras, 50 centavos, 1883, encapsulated NGC AU 50, finest (and only) known graded by NGC. KM-50. Highly lustrous but somewhat bagmarked, the obverse details also a bit weakly struck as usual, which is probably why no other specimens have been graded by NGC. Estimate: $200-$300.

1490. Naples, Italian States, 120 grana, 1856. KM-370. 27.5 grams. Lightly hairlined AU- with vivid peacock toning all over. Estimate: $100-$150.

285

Jamaica

1491. Jamaica (British), 6 shillings 8 pence, “GR” counterstamp (1758) on a Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1757MM, encapsulated NGC VF details / holed. KM-8.2. Richly toned and choice for the grade, the counterstamp full and well-detailed, probably slabbed not for grading purposes but to prove authenticity. Estimate: $600-$900.

Japan

1492. Japan, 1 yen, Meiji era, year 45 (1912). KM-A25.3. 27.0 grams. Lustrous AU (near UNC) with light hairlines and marks, final (and most common) date of type. Estimate: $100-$150.

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286

Mexico (colonial)Pillars

1493. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1732F, very rare first year of issue. KM-103; CT-774. 26.7 grams. The traditional trophy of the Mexican pillar dollar series is the rare first year, 1732, which was an incredibly difficult date to acquire before they began to be found on several different shipwrecks starting in the 1960s-70s. The purists still prefer non-salvage pieces, as do the US colonials collectors who see it listed in the “redbook” as legal tender in the US till 1857. A coin with toning and evidence of circulation is still considered more desirable to these collectors than a lightly corroded but technically UNC piece from a wreck. The former is much harder to get, which is why the present specimen is worth special attention despite some light spots and crude old etching around details near the top that, when combined with its pedigree, may be evidence of use as a Spanish-American War military decoration of some sort. For grade this coin ranks a solid XF, boldly struck for a first-year issue, the rims somewhat swallowed up by the flan’s small diameter. But it is the toning—that deep, rich, elegant badge of age—that draws even the pickiest collector to this coin, with a pedigree that traces its ownership back more than a century. Pedigreed to the Dan Holmes collection, with letter from Jacinto Diaz, the grandson of the original owner, a Royal Spanish Navy seaman who acquired it in Cuba during the Spanish-American War (1898), also with a digital enlargement of a photo of Diaz with his father and mother and the future King Juan Carlos I at a 1955 reception for families of Spanish-American War veterans. Estimate: $8,000-$10,000.

1494. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Phillip V, 1740MF. KM-103; CT-790. 26.3 grams. Low-contrast AVF, toned all over, no problems but struck slightly out-of-round. Estimate: $150-$225.

1495. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1744MF. KM-103; CT-797. 26.9 grams. Bold XF with nice even toning all over, nice strike and no problems. Pedigreed to our Auction #5 (lot 1143). Estimate: $250-$375.

287

1501. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1749MF. KM-104.1; CT-324. 26.6 grams. Richly toned VF+ with small punchmark and scratches in field above crown. Estimate: $150-$225.

1502. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1751MF. KM-104.1; CT-327. 27.0 grams. Nice VF with deep old toning, hint of underlying luster, the reverse slightly off-center. Pedigreed to Wayte Raymond (1939). Estimate: $200-$300.

1503. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1752MF. KM-104.1; CT-329. 26.9 grams. Richly old-toned VF+ with a few minor flan-flaws and two tiny punches on the shield side that might be chopmarks. Estimate: $150-$225.

1496. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1744MF. KM-103; CT-797. 26.4 grams. Bold XF/AU with toning around details on shield side, faint surface hairlines on pillars side, well struck. Estimate: $250-$375.

1497. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1744MF. KM-103; CT-797. 26.6 grams. Decent AXF with slight flan-bulge in field above crown, off-center strike, minor rim-flaw. Estimate: $200-$300.

1498. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1745MF. KM-103; CT-798. 26.7 grams. Lustrous XF/AU with minor flaw in the otherwise bold rims, very lightly toned. Estimate: $200-$300.

1499. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Philip V, 1747MF. KM-103; CT-801. 26.5 grams. AVF with rich old toning all over, particularly worn rims with minor flaws. Estimate: $150-$225.

1500. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1747MF. KM-104.1; CT-321. 26.7 grams. Bold VF with rich old toning, low contrast but no problems. Estimate: $150-$225.

288

1504. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1755MM. KM-104.2; CT-338. 26.6 grams. Low-contrast VF with deep rainbow-toning all over, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $150-$225.

1505. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1756MM. KM-104.2; CT-340. 24.7 grams. VF details despite moderate surface corrosion as from unspecified salvage, good toning, the date particularly bold. Estimate: $100-$150.

1506. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1757MM, with tiny chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient. KM-104.2; CT-342. 26.9 grams. Nice AXF with rich old toning all over (low contrast), the tiny chops sprinkled here and there on both sides. Pedigreed to French’s (1963). Estimate: $150-$225.

1507. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1758MM. KM-104.2; CT-343. 26.9 grams. Sharp AU- with hint of luster and toning, no problems. Estimate: $300-$450.

1508. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1759MM. KM-104.2; CT-344. 26.8 grams. Polished XF with bold details, nice strike. Estimate: $200-$300.

1509. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1759MM, with chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient. KM-104.2; CT-344. 27.1 grams. AXF with lustrous fields beneath light toning, three large chops and several tiny ones. Pedigreed to French’s (1963). Estimate: $150-$225.

1510. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1759MM. KM-104.2; CT-344. 26.8 grams. Non-toned XF with lots of marks and hairlines. Estimate: $150-$225.

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289

1511. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VI, 1760MM. KM-104.2; CT-346. 26.7 grams. Attractively deep-toned XF with 2 old gouges in field above crown. Estimate: $200-$300.

1512. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1761MM, with chopmark as from circulation in the Orient. KM-105; CT-888. 26.9 grams. Lightly toned and semi-lustrous XF+ with one tiny test-punch and chopmark on pillars side. Estimate: $200-$300.

1513. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1763MM. KM-105; CT-893. 27.0 grams. Richly old-toned VF, no problems. Estimate: $200-$300.

1514. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1765MF. KM-105; CT-901. 27.1 grams. Deeply toned XF with minor rim-bruises (as made), traces of underlying luster. Estimate: $200-$300.

1515. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1766MF. KM-105; CT-904. 27.0 grams. Nice XF with traces of luster peeking through deep toning all over, rim-ding on reverse. Estimate: $200-$300.

1516. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1767MF. KM-105; CT-906. 26.5 grams. Toned XF, the shield side with some spots and encrustation and light porosity near top rim. Estimate: $200-$300.

1517. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1768MF. KM-105; CT-908. 26.4 grams. XF with toning all over, light porosity near rims. Estimate: $200-$300.

290

1518. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1770FM. KM-105; CT-912. 26.7 grams. Deeply toned VF+ with typically slightly weak centers, 3 tiny test-punches in field above crown. Pedigreed to French’s (1963). Estimate: $200-$300.1519. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1771FM. KM-105; CT-914. 27.1 grams. Lustrous AU+, lightly cleaned but starting to retone, faint bulge in flan above crown, choice strike for the date. Estimate: $300-$450.1520. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1771FM. KM-105; CT-914. 26.8 grams. VF with weakness near centers as usual, toned all over but dark around details. Estimate: $150-$225.

1524. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Philip V, 1738MF. KM-65; CT-1862. 1.7 grams. Slightly off-center XF with good toning, dark encrustation on shield-side surface, nice contrast. Estimate: $80-$120.1525. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Ferdinand VI, 1758M. KM-67.2; CT-673. 1.7 grams. Decent AXF with sediment in crevices, slightly off-center shield side. Estimate: $70-$100.1526. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 1/2 real, Charles III, 1768M. KM-68; CT-1757. 1.6 grams. Deeply toned VF, off-center strike, no problems for the grade. Estimate: $70-$100.

1521. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 4 reales, Philip V, 1734MF. KM-94; CT-1047. 13.7 grams. Attractively old-toned AXF, no problems, the reverse struck slightly off-center. Estimate: $250-$375.1522. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Philip V, 1736/5MF. KM-84; CT-1282. 6.5 grams. AXF with toning around details, flaw or damage in center of shield, very clear overdate that ranks R2 in Gilboy. Estimate: $150-$225.1523. Mexico City, Mexico, pillar 2 reales, Philip V, 1746M. KM-85; CT-1299. 6.5 grams. Bold VF+ with very light toning, no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

291

Busts

1527. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1775FM. KM-106.2; CT-920. 27.0 grams. Elegantly golden-toned AU- with traces of luster, parts of rim weak (as made). Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #775, as well as Pat Johnson lot-tag with hand-written note “20th sale.” Estimate: $125-$200.

1528. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1776FM. KM-106.2; CT-921. 26.7 grams. Bold XF with small rim-dings on reverse, minor porosity in legends, slightly off-center obverse, popular date among US collectors. Estimate: $200-$300.

1529. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1777FM. KM-106.2; CT-923. 27.0 grams. Brightly lustrous AU with small bagmarks on obverse fields, parts of rims weak, impressively flashy. Estimate: $175-$250.

1530. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1778FF, encapsulated NGC AU 55. KM-106.2; CT-926. Very lightly toned with underlying luster, minor bagmarks on fields. Estimate: $175-$250.

1531. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1778FF, encapsulated NGC AU 53. KM-106.2; CT-926. Choice luster and strike, really an AU 58 in our opinion, with minor bagmarks on fields. Estimate: $150-$225.

1532. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1778FF. KM-106.2; CT-926. 26.3 grams. XF with tiny carbon-spots all over, parts of rims weak, slightly off-center obverse. Estimate: $100-$150.

1533. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1779FF. KM-106.2; CT-929. 26.8 grams. Highly lustrous AU with light toning, minor bagmarks on fields. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #779. Estimate: $150-$225.

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Auction #13 (spring, 2013).

292

1534. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1780FF. KM-106.2; CT-930. 26.8 grams. Lustrous AU with light surface hairlines, nice strike. Estimate: $175-$250.

1535. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1780FF. KM-106.2; CT-930. 26.9 grams. Highly lustrous AU with surface hairlines, black spots on reverse. Estimate: $175-$250.

1536. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1781FF. KM-106.2; CT-931. 27.0 grams. AU with good luster, incipient toning, minor bagmarks. Estimate: $175-$250.

1537. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1782FF. KM-106.2; CT-932. 26.9 grams. AU- with choice luster, minor bagmarks, parts of rims crude (as made), starting to tone. Estimate: $175-$250.

1538. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1785FM. KM-106.2a; CT-937. 27.0 grams. Choice AU with superb luster, minor bagmarks, good strike, tiny red spots on reverse. Estimate: $175-$250.

1539. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1786FM, encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-106.2a; CT-939. Brilliantly lustrous (especially the reverse) but with minor bagmarks, no toning. Estimate: $200-$300.

1540. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1786FM. KM-106.2a; CT-939. 27.0 grams. Bright luster all over, technically UNC but with enough bagmarks to drop it to AU by NGC standards, strange flan-bulge on reverse, no toning. Estimate: $200-$300.1541. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1786FM. KM-106.2a; CT-939. 80.7 grams total. Lustrous UNC with some dark spots and hairlines, otherwise problem-free. Estimate: $400-$600.

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293

1548. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789FM. KM-107; CT-

681. 26.9 grams. Nice AU with luster, incipient toning, minor bagmarks. Estimate: $175-$250.1549. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1789FM. KM-107; CT-681. 26.7 grams. XF+ with slightly weak centers, lightly toned all over. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #789, and to Ponterio auction #85, with lot-tag #506. Estimate: $100-$150.

1542. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1787FM, encapsulated NGC AU 55. KM-106.2a; CT-941. Brightly lustrous and free of wear, but obverse surfaces slightly porous, no toning. Estimate: $175-$250.1543. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1788FM, encapsulated NGC AU 55. KM-106.2a; CT-942. Choice strike, decent luster, just a few too many field marks to make AU 58, starting to tone. Estimate: $175-$250.1544. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales of Charles III (1780FF, 1782FF and 1784FM). KM-106.2. 80.6 grams total.

Lustrous UNC with some dark spots and hairlines, otherwise problem-free. Estimate: $400-$600.1545. Lot of 3 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales of Charles III (1787FM, 1788FM and 1789FM) all UNC with spots. KM-106.2a. 80.5 grams total. Lustrous UNC with some dark spots and hairlines, otherwise problem-free. Estimate: $400-$600.1546. Lot of 8 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales of Charles III: 1778FF, 1781FF (2), 1784FM, 1786FM (2), 1787FM and 1788FM. 215.8 grams total. Richly rainbow-toned AU’s with muted luster, no egregious problems, a very attractive and well-matched group. Estimate: $500-$750.1547. Lot of 10 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales of Charles III, various dates: 1774FM, 1778FF, 1780FF (2), 1781FF, 1782FF, 1785FM (2) and 1786 (2). 267.5 grams total. Lustrous AU-UNC, mostly silvery but a few with light toning, the 1774 with light surface corrosion, one of the 1780’s with nice contrast. Estimate: $600-$900.

1550. Mexico City, Mexico, 8-reales proclamation medal, Charles IV, 1789, encapsulated NGC MS-61 (rare grade). KM-Q28; Grove C-9. Lustrous and lightly toned, especially around details, with minor surface hairlines on fields. Certain proclamation medals like this one are considered de facto coins because they bear a denomination (“8R” below the date on this example). Estimate: $800-$1,200.1551. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IIII), 1790FM. KM-107; CT-682. 26.9 grams. Well-detailed strike and much luster, faint adjustment marks on reverse, a couple minor rim-flaws and surface spots, AU with bagmarks. Estimate: $150-$225.

294

1552. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1791FM. KM-109; CT-684. 27.0 grams. Lightly toned AU with nice luster, minor surface hairlines. Estimate: $125-$200.

1556. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1807TH. KM-109; CT-707. 26.9 grams. Non-toned XF with slightly weak bust, nice luster in legends. Estimate: $100-$150.

1557. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1807TH. KM-109; CT-707. 26.9 grams. XF+ with light toning and good luster, slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $100-$150.

1558. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1808TH. KM-109; CT-709. 27.0 grams. XF/AU with nice luster and light toning, small spot of extra metal in field in front of face, choice rims. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #812. Estimate: $100-$150.1559. Lot of 10 Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales of Charles IV, various dates: 1791FM, 1792FM, 1793FM, 1794FM, 1795FM, 1796FM, 1797FM, 1798FM, 1800FM and 1806TH. KM-109. 267.5 grams total. XF on average, several cleaned, two with toning, one with green spots, but overall a decent group. Estimate: $600-$900.

1553. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1794FM. KM-109; CT-687. 26.7 grams. Noticeably cleaned AU-, off-center strike. Estimate: $80-$120.

1554. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1799FM. KM-109; CT-694. 27.0 grams. Richly old-toned XF with slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $100-$150.

1555. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1805TH (narrow date). KM-109; CT-703. 26.9 grams. Lightly toned XF+ with hint of luster, slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $100-$150.

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295

1560. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII transitional (armored bust), 1809TH. KM-110; CT-539. 26.8 grams. Lustrous AU with very deep, iridescent peacock toning all over, hairlines in front of face. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #816, and to the Ponterio auction of June, 1999, with lot-tag #429. Estimate: $125-$200.

1561. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII transitional (armored bust), 1810HJ. KM-110; CT-543. 26.9 grams. Bold AXF with attractive toning, off-center strike, no problems. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #819, and to the Coin Galleries auction of July 1994, with lot-tag #2832. Estimate: $90-$135.

1562. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII transitional (armored bust), 1811HJ. KM-110; CT-545. 27.0 grams. Richly toned AU with sediment around details, underlying luster. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #822, and to the Superior Galleries auction of June, 1992, with lot-tag #3908. Estimate: $125-$200.

1563. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814JJ. KM-111; CT-555. 26.9 grams. Low-contrast AU with deep toning, underlying luster, slightly crude rims (as made). Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #829. Estimate: $90-$135.

1564. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1820JJ. KM-111; CT-564. 26.9 grams. Lightly toned XF+ with hint of luster. Estimate: $80-$120.

1565. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821JJ. KM-111; CT-565. 26.9 grams. Noticeably cleaned XF+, starting to re-tone. Estimate: $75-$110.

1566. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1773FM, initials facing rim. KM-69.1; CT-1763. 1.6 grams. Deeply toned AVF with weak bust, nice rims, no problems. Estimate: $60-$90.

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296

1567. Mexico City, Mexico, bust 1/2 real, Charles III, 1776FM. KM-69.2; CT-1768. 1.7 grams. Gorgeous UNC with vivid rainbow-toning all over, a few old marks on rims but otherwise choice. Estimate: $150-$225.

Zacatecas

1570. Zacatecas, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1811, rare type. KM-191; CT-680. 26.3 grams. XF for the issue (early design), which is typically very crude and mostly flat in this case, with some light toning and luster near rims, small test-punches in centers. Estimate: $350-$500.

1571. Zacatecas, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, (1811-12), rare type. KM-191; CT-Type 191. 25.9 grams. Fine for type (early design), typically crude and mostly flat but with some toning around details, date off flan. Pedigreed to our Auction #5 (lot #1188). Estimate: $70-$100.

Mexico (War of Independence)Guadalajara

1568. Guadalajara, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821FS. KM-111.3; CT-445. 27.3 grams. Bold XF+ with minor rim-bumps, very light toning. Estimate: $100-$150.

Sombrerete de Vargas

1569. Sombrerete de Vargas, Mexico, 8 reales, 1812, rare. KM-177; CT-651. 26.8 grams. Bold VF with nicely contrasting toning, typically crude around the rims, popular royalist issue. Pedigreed to our Auction #5 (lot #1186). Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1572. Zacatecas, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1816AG. KM-111.5; CT-687. 26.1 grams. Deeply toned VF+, slightly off-center reverse. Estimate: $80-$120.

297

1573. Zacatecas, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1820AG. KM-111.5; CT-695. 25.6 grams. Lightly toned XF+ with underlying luster, slightly crude rims (as made). Estimate: $90-$135.

1574. Zacatecas, Mexico, 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821RG. KM-111.5; CT-697. 27.1 grams. Very bold strike and totally UNC but with light surface hairlines, beautiful light toning with muted luster, exceptional grade for this type. Estimate: $200-$300.

1575. Zacatecas, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821RG. KM-111.5; CT-697. 27.0 grams. Very deeply toned AU- with underlying luster, bold rims, choice grade for the type. Estimate: $100-$150.

1576. Zacatecas, Mexico, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1821RG. KM-111.5; CT-697. 26.6 grams. Richly toned XF+ with hole at top, good strike. Estimate: $60-$90.

Various mints1577. Lot of 4 Mexican War of Independence bust 8R, various dates and mints. 99.3 grams total. Mostly Zacatecas, all worn and toned and typically crude (as made), one with clear date 1823 but the others more of a challenge to attribute. Estimate: $250-$375.

Mexico (Republic)

1578. Mexico City, Mexico, cap-and-rays 8 reales, 1834ML. KM-377.1. 27.0 grams. Attractively toned XF+ with slightly weak centers, underlying luster, no problems. Estimate: $60-$90.1579. Lot of 5 Mexican cap-and-rays 8R, various mints and dates, some with chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient, all salvaged. 128.7 grams total. Mostly moderately corroded, some with encrustation and/or toning, some tiny chops, all attributed, as follows: 1863CaCH, 1877GoFR, 1890CaMM, 1892MoAM and 1895GaJS. Estimate: $60-$90.

1580. Lot of 12 Mexican Republic cap-and-rays coins (eleven 8R and one 4R), various dates and mints, several contemporary counterfeits (some copper). 289.3 grams total. Dates from 1831 to 1874, mints of Guanajuato, Mexico City and Zacatecas, with a few obvious fakes (copper and base metal), some of which could be contemporary, but most of them genuine and VF on average. Estimate: $125-$200.

298

Mexico (revolutionary)

Netherlands (Spanish)

1581. Guerrero (Zapata), Mexico, 2 pesos, 1914. KM-643. 24.6 grams. Problem-free AU+ with bright luster, much weak strike (uneven flan) as usual for the type, a popular crown-sized issue with over half a gram of pure gold mixed in with the silver. Estimate: $150-$225.

1582. Brabant, Spanish Netherlands (Brussels mint), portrait ducatoon, Philip IV, 1636. KM-72.1. 32.5 grams. Attractively toned VF+ with muted luster, bold legends and bust, first date of type. Estimate: $125-$200.

1583. Tournai, Spanish Netherlands, 1/4 patagon, Albert and Isabel (1599-1621). 6.4 grams. Richly old-toned VF with nearly full details, no problems. Estimate: $50-$75.

Peru (colonial)Pillars

1584. Lima, Peru, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1764JM, • over both mintmarks. KM-A64.1; CT-840. 26.7 grams. Lightly toned XF with hint of luster, nice strike. Estimate: $250-$375.1585. Lima, Peru, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1767JM, • over left mintmark only. KM-A64.2; CT-843. 26.2 grams. Deeply toned AVF with dark sediment around details, weak rims (as made) but no problems. Estimate: $150-$225.1586. Lima, Peru, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1768JM, • over left mintmark only. KM-A64.2; CT-844. 26.9 grams. Bold AU- with attractive toning, light old scratches in field above crown. Estimate: $250-$375.

299

1587. Lima, Peru, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1771JM, with one large chopmark as from circulation in the Orient. KM-64.2; CT-848. 27.0 grams. Lightly rainbow-toned XF with traces of underlying luster, neat chop that specialists can probably translate into a word. Pedigreed to the French’s auction of March 22, 1963. Estimate: $200-$300.1588. Lima, Peru, pillar 8 reales, Charles III, 1772JM, last year of issue. KM-64.2; CT-850. 26.7 grams. Deeply toned VF with traces of luster, some minor graininess, slightly off-center strike, popular date. Estimate: $200-$300.1589. Lima, Peru, pillar 1 real, Charles III, 1761JM. KM-61; CT-1477. 3.4 grams. Nicely toned AXF with some dark sediment in crevices, no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

Busts

1592. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1780MI. KM-78; CT-861. 26.8 grams. Deeply rainbow-toned VF+ with some sediment in crevices as from a hoard, parts of rims crude (as made). Estimate: $100-$150.

1593. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1780MI. KM-78; CT-861. 26.8 grams. Wildly iridescent toning (lots of purple and gold), nice XF+, no problems. Estimate: $125-$200.

1590. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1778MJ. KM-78; CT-859. 26.9 grams. Bold AXF with toning around details, weak rims (as made). Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #860. Estimate: $100-$150.

1591. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1779MJ. KM-78; CT-860. 26.6 grams. Bold XF with surface hairlines and old scratches, toned around lettering. Pedigreed to our Auction #5 (lot 1232). Estimate: $100-$150.

300

1594. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles III, 1788IJ, encapsulated NGC MS 61, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-78a; CT-873. Broad flan, choice strike, lots of luster, starting to tone, exceptional quality for this issue and worthy of its status atop the census. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

1595. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV transitional (bust of Charles III, ordinal IV), 1790IJ. KM-87; CT-642. 27.1 grams. Weakly struck XF with very lustrous fields (must have been cleaned at some point), very light toning, crude rims (as made), tiny marks on reverse that could be chops. Estimate: $125-$200.

1596. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1794IJ, encapsulated PCGS AU53 (old green tag). KM-97; CT-648. Lustrous and problem-free, with sediment in crevices. AU53 is actually a rather high grade for this early slab, and it is interesting to note that the grade is still accurate today, unlike most PCGS green tags. Estimate: $125-$200.

1597. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1807JP. KM-97; CT-664. 26.3 grams. Attractively toned XF with old scratches on bust, crude rims with natural flaws. Estimate: $80-$120.

1598. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII transitional (“imaginary bust”), 1810JP, encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-106.2; CT-475. Bold strike and choice luster, with only a tiny pockmark on the cheek keeping it from MS grade, still among the top six graded by NGC. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

1599. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1811JP. KM-117.1; CT-477. 26.9 grams. Scarce first year of type, Fine+ with crude rims (as made) and surfaces (oxidation and marks), mostly lightly toned but some dark spots. Estimate: $100-$150.

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301

1600. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813JP. KM-117.1; CT-480. 27.1 grams. Attractively toned and well-struck AU+ with faint hairline in front of face but much underlying luster, almost no rims (as made) due to flan size. Pedigreed to our Auction #3, with lot-tag #883, and to the Richard Long auction of November, 1998. Estimate: $100-$150.

1601. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1814JP. KM-117.1; CT-482. 26.7 grams. Richly toned AU-, no problems, attractive. Estimate: $90-$135.

1602. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1819JP. KM-117.1; CT-487. 27.0 grams. Richly toned XF, no problems, parts of rims slightly crude (as made). Estimate: $80-$120.

1603. Lima, Peru, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1819JP, with small chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient. KM-117.1; CT-487. 27.3 grams. Nice VF+ with hint of toning, most of the chops on the obverse, with 2 small test-punches on the reverse. Estimate: $80-$120.

1604. Cuzco, Peru, pillar 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1824G, with chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient, rare. KM-117.2; CT-386. 27.0 grams. Deeply toned Fine with weak bust, off-center strike, but with several very clear chops, including bold ones in from of the neck on the obverse and over the assayer on the reverse, desirable one-year issue rarely seen with chopmarks. Estimate: $150-$225.

1605. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Charles III, 1788IJ. KM-76a; CT-1286. 6.5 grams. Lustrous AVF with light golden toning all over. Estimate: $60-$90.

1606. Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales, Charles IV, 1792IJ. KM-95; CT-936. 6.6 grams. Distinctive large bust (used in Lima only), decent VF with light toning, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $60-$90.

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302

1607. Lot of 2 Lima, Peru, bust 2 reales of Charles IV: 1794IJ and 1795IJ. KM-95. 13.2 grams total. Both VF with traces of luster and toning, no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

1610. Lima, Peru, 8 reales, 1822JP, provisional coinage, encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-136. Very popular and important as the first post-colonial silver crown emission of this country and region, this specimen with choice luster and no marks or wear of any kind, in fact fully Mint State in our opinion, but in any case among the top 7 in the NGC census. Estimate: $600-$900.1611. Lima, Peru, copper 1/4 peso, 1823, provisional coinage, encapsulated NGC MS 62 BN, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-138. Attractive color, with muted underlying luster, minor porosity (as made) in places, small natural rim-flaw, but overall quite exceptional for this important provisional issue. Estimate: $125-$200.

1608. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, Charles IV, 1793IJ. KM-99; CT-1373. 0.7 gram. VF with contrasting toning, slightly porous surfaces (probably salvaged), scarce and popular 4-year type. Estimate: $125-$200.1609. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, 1821. KM-108; CT-1462. 0.7 gram. Broad flan that extends beyond the rims, non-salvage VF+ with nice contrast from light toning. Estimate: $80-$120.

Peru (provisional Republic)

1612. Lima, Peru, copper 1/8 peso, 1823V, provisional coinage, encapsulated NGC AU 55 BN, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-137. Nice chocolate-brown color with hint of underlying luster, the date side off-center with slight surface porosity (as made), appears to be free of wear but somewhat crudely made as usual, still the best in the census, also a scarcer variety with V assayer in legend. Estimate: $200-$300.

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303

Peru (Royalist)

1613. Lima, Peru, crowned-1824 royalist countermark on a Lima provisional 8R 1822JP, encapsulated NGC AU 50, rare. KM-130. Choice grade for this popular rarity, with luster and toning, the center of the arms side flat due to the countermark (which is exceptionally bold and full on the other side), minor natural rim-flaws, among the top 4 coins in the NGC census. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

Peru (Republic of South Peru)

1614. Cuzco, South Peru, 8 reales, 1838MS, CONFEDERACION type, encapsulated NGC MS 63, tied for finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-170.4. Exceptional specimen of a popular 3-year issue with one of the most artistic designs of post-Independence Latin American coinage, this piece highly lustrous and well struck, in fact better than the Whittier example (one of the 2 other known MS 63’s) that had a weaker sunface, with just a few minor bagmarks keeping it from higher grade, also with odd die-crack on reverse, really a lovely coin all around and worthy of its lofty status atop the census. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

304

1615 . Cuzco, South Per u , 8 r ea les , 1838MS , CONFEDERACION type, encapsulated NGC MS 62. KM-170.4. Slightly less luster than the known MS 63’s (see previous lot) but still exceptional in quality, beautiful details all over, no flaws, popular type. Estimate: $900-$1,350.

1616. Arequipa, South Peru, 2 reales, 1838, encapsulated NGC MS 62, tied for finest known specimen graded by NGC, very rare. KM-169.2. Almost prooflike with underlying luster (very lightly toned), particularly well struck for this popular type, with spots of copper color here and there. This ephemeral mint was apparently unable to satisfactorily “mix the metals” to create a viable batch that would be 2/3 silver and 1/3 copper plus other base metals, so all known examples have patches where the copper shows through or the design failed to be clear. One of only two at MS 62 in the NGC census, with the next highest grade just AU 55. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.1617. Cuzco, South Peru, 1/2 real, 1837B, encapsulated NGC MS 65, second finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-168. Beautifully detailed in high relief, virtually flawless, with ample luster, exceeded in the NGC census only by Dana Roberts’ MS 67 (a practically unheard-of grade for an 1830s coin) that in our opinion is of inferior strike (weak sunface, for example) but sold for $2,185 in 2011. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

Peru (Republic)

1618. Lima, Peru, 8 reales, 1825JM, encapsulated NGC AU 58. KM-142.1. Scarce first date of the type, exceptional strike and grade (tied for second finest in the NGC census), with beautiful luster and traces of toning, just a few bagmarks and surface “sweating” (as made) near rim. Estimate: $500-$750.

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305

1619. Cuzco, Peru, 8 reales, 1826G, encapsulated NGC MS 62, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-142.2. Slightly crude strike, with die-clashing and wear rims (also some surface porosity), but no wear and much luster, faint hairlines to left of shield, still 3 grades higher than second-best in the NGC census. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

1620. Lima, Peru, 8 reales, 1826JM, scarce first type with smaller effigy, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-142.1. Beautifully rainbow-toned with underlying luster, the date side off-center but otherwise nicely struck, exceptional grade, in fact tied for second finest in the NGC census. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1621. Lima, Peru, 8 reales, 1827JM. KM-142.1. 27.0 grams. Lustrous AU with minor surface hairlines, much more typical strike than last 3 lots with weak Liberty and corresponding place on reverse, which is also struck off-center. Pedigreed to the Worldwide Coins of California auction of November, 2011, lot #276. Estimate: $250-$375.

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306

1622. Cuzco, Peru, 8 reales, 1828G, ex-Millennia, encapsulated NGC MS 61, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-142.2. Good strike, lustrous but lightly bagmarked, still 3 grades higher than second best in the census, so clearly an exceptional example, per the pedigree. Pedigreed to the Millennia collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

1623. Lima, Peru, 8 reales, 1829JM, encapsulated NGC MS 63, tied for finest known graded by NGC. KM-142.3. Very richly toned with underlying luster, devoid of any wear and nicely struck, sharing the top of the census with just one other MS 63. Estimate: $900-$1,350.

1624. Cuzco, Peru, 8 reales, 1835B, encapsulated NGC AU 58, finest known specimen graded by NGC, rare. KM-142.5. Lightly toned fields with muted luster, choice quality for this one-year type, in fact 2 grades higher than second best in the census (including the Millennia specimen) at AU 53. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

307

1625. Lima, Peru, 8 reales, 1841MB, ex-Millennia, encapsulated NGC MS 62. KM-142•8• Superb luster and strike, no wear and fully detailed, exceptional quality that ranks as second finest graded by NGC. Pedigreed to the Millennia collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1626. Lima, Peru, 4 reales, 1854MB, encapsulated NGC MS 62. KM-151.3. Choice luster, nice (albeit slightly off-center) strike, and also a scarce date, much nicer than most but in the company of 6 Mint States in the NGC census, same grade as the Whittier specimen. Estimate: $250-$375.

1627. Lima, Peru, 4 reales, 1 8 5 5 / 4 M B , e x - W h i t t i e r , encapsulated NGC MS 64, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-151.3. Lustrous and well struck, completely devoid of wear, worthy of its lofty status atop the census. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $400-$600.

1628. Pasco, Peru, 4 reales, 1855, “REPUB” variety, no assayer, encapsulated NGC AU 58, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-151•8• Deeply toned with underlying luster, nice strike for the type but with a couple minor flan flaws, scarce one-year type. Estimate: $400-$600.

308

1629. Pasco, Peru, 4 reales, 1855M, “REP” variety, encapsulated NGC AU 58, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-151.9. Decent strike but with hairline die-crack running along obverse rim, medium luster, no wear. As noted in KM, there is an engraver’s initial B in the wreath above the arms. Estimate: $350-$500.

1630. Lima, Peru, 2 reales, 1825JM, encapsulated NGC MS 63, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-141.1. Choice rainbow-toning with much underlying luster, nice strike but parts of rims crude (as made), scarce first year of type. Estimate: $200-$300.1631. Lima, Peru, 2 reales, 1828JM, ex-Whittier, encapsulated NGC MS 62. KM-141.1. Richly rainbow-toned with underlying luster, good strike except for rims (crude as made), second finest specimen graded by NGC. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $125-$200.1632. Lima, Peru, 2 reales, 1856MB, encapsulated NGC MS 62, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-141.3. Deep rainbow-toning at rims with underlying luster, good strike. Estimate: $125-$200.

1633. Lima, Peru, 1 real, 1830JM, encapsulated PCGS MS62, finest known graded by PCGS. KM-145.1. Choice strike and good luster, patches of rainbow-toning on obverse, exceptional for the issue. Estimate: $125-$200.1634. Lima, Peru, 1 real, 1832MM, encapsulated NGC MS 62, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-145.1. Good strike except for crude parts of rims, light rainbow-toning over good luster. Estimate: $125-$200.1635. Cuzco, Peru, 1/2 real, 1827GM, encapsulated NGC MS 64, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-144.2. Choice strike and luster, very lightly toned, the best on record. Estimate: $175-$250.

309

1636. Lima, Peru, 1/2 real, 1841MB, encapsulated NGC MS 63, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-144.5. Light rainbow-toning with underlying luster, choice strike. Estimate: $175-$250.1637. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, 1837, encapsulated NGC MS 61, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-143.1. Patchy rainbow-toning with underlying luster, the llama side struck slightly off-center, no wear at all. Estimate: $200-$300.1638. Lima, Peru, 1/4 real, 1855. KM-143.1. 0.8 gram. Non-toned UNC with muted luster, off-center strike but choice detail. Estimate: $100-$150.

1639. Lima, Peru, copper 1 centimo pattern, 1855, encapsulated NGC MS 64 BN, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-PN7. Light rainbow-toning against chocolate-brown surfaces with underlying luster, choice strike except for part of rim on both sides. Estimate: $250-$375.

Peru (Republic / decimal)

1640. Lima, Peru, 1 sol, 1866/56YB, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-196.1. Brilliant lustrous (non-toned), wear-free and well struck, just a few minor bagmarks separating it from the top census grade of MS 64. Estimate: $100-$150.1641. Peru, proof copper-nickel 1 centavo, 1863, ex-Whittier, encapsulated NGC PF 64, finest (and only) known proof specimen graded by NGC. KM-187.1. Highly lustrous as expected, virtually perfect, but a little hard to appreciate through the plastic, which obscures some of the choiceness. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $200-$300.1642. Peru, copper-nickel 1 centavo, 1863, encapsulated NGC MS 66, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-187.1. Lustrous and perfect but clearly not Proof (like the previous lot), nice golden color. Estimate: $150-$225.

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310

Peru (Republic / peseta series)

1645. Lima, Peru, 5 pesetas, 1880B-BF, no • after B. KM-201.1. 24.9 grams. Very lightly toned XF with minor rim-bruise and bluish toning around same. Estimate: $100-$150.

1643. Lima, Peru, 5 pesetas, 1880B-BF, with • after B, ex-Whittier, encapsulated NGC MS 64. KM-201.2. Choice luster and strike, and also nicely pedigreed, just one grade behind the finest in the NGC census at MS 65. Pedigreed to the Whittier collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $650-$975.

1644. Lima, Peru, 5 pesetas, 1880B-BF, no • after B, encapsulated NGC MS 62. KM-201.1. Good luster and strike, with beautiful toning on reverse (lighter on the obverse), just a few minor bagmarks. Estimate: $500-$750.

311

1646. Ayacucho, Peru, 5 pesetas, 1882M-LM, ex-Millennia, encapsulated NGC MS 64, finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-201.3. Superbly lustrous and without any wear or marks at all but with typically crude surfaces (graininess and die-cracks) that plague this rare and popular 2-year type, this specimen being the finest on record and therefore of unlimited potential value to both the specialist and the trophy type-collector. Pedigreed to the Millennia collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

Peru (modern Republic)

1647. Lima, Peru, 1/2 sol pattern, 1886, encapsulated NGC PF 63. KM-PND26. Lightly toned with underlying luster, one of only 2 proof specimens graded by NGC, both PF 63, therefore a tie for finest known. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1648. Lima, Peru, 1 dinero, 1906JF, encapsulated NGC MS 65. KM-204.2. Choice luster and strike with faint trace of incipient rainbow-toning, among the top 5 specimens in the NGC census. Estimate: $40-$60.

1649. Cuzco, Peru, 1/2 dinero, 1885JM, rare one-year type, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-189a. Bright white with luster, slightly crude strike (die-cracks on reverse), tied for second finest known graded by NGC. Estimate: $600-$900.

1650. Cuzco, Peru, 1/2 dinero, 1885JM, encapsulated ANACS EF 40. KM-189a. Lightly toned with underlying luster, die-crack to right of date. Estimate: $200-$300.

312

Philippines (under Spain)

1655. Philippines (under Spain), 8 reales, Isabel II, crowned “Y.II.” countermark (1834) on a Potosí, Bolivia (Republic), 8 soles, 1830J. KM-100. 26.8 grams. Richly toned AVF with underlying luster, bagmarks, full countermark. Estimate: $125-$200.

1651. Philippines (under Spain), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, crowned “F.7.o” countermark (1832-34) on a Mexico City, Mexico, bust 8 reales, 1821TH, with chopmarks as from circulation in the Orient. KM-65. 26.6 grams. Deeply toned Fine with full but double-struck countermark, with one large and deep chopmark on eyes and several smaller ones on both sides (somewhat rare to see on this Philippines type). Estimate: $200-$300.1652. Philippines (under Spain), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, crowned “F.7.o” countermark (1832-34) on a Cuzco, Peru, 8 reales, 1832B (rare host). KM-84. 27.0 grams. Deeply toned XF, boldly struck, with traces of underlying luster, full countermark with 2 old scratches below. Estimate: $250-$350.1653. Philippines (under Spain), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, crowned “F.7.o” countermark (1832-34) on a Lima, Peru, 8 reales, 1833MM. KM-83. 26.6 grams. Lightly toned VF with partially weak date and somewhat crude rims (as made), full countermark. Estimate: $200-$300.1654. Philippines (under Spain), 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, crowned “F.7.o” countermark (1832-34) on a Lima, Peru, 8 reales, 1833MM. KM-83. 27.0 grams. Bold VF with nice toning, parts of rims crude (as made), bold full countermark. Estimate: $100-$150.

Poland

1656. Poland, 10 zlotych / 1-1/2 roubles, 1836-MW. KM-C134. 31.2 grams. Nice VF with very light toning, minor planchet flaw above the 10. Estimate: $400-$600.

313

Portugal

Romania

1657. Lisbon, Portugal, copper 40 reis (pataco), João VI, 1811, encapsulated NGC AU 55 BN. KM-345.1 (?). This lot is a bit of a mystery, for the slab is of double thickness, obscuring the edge of the piece and making it impossible to weigh or evaluate for thickness, although almost certainly it is a pattern or piedfort (especially since the surfaces are a little grainy and have a trial appearance) despite the lack of that information on the tag. Therefore it is probably of more than token value, but until the next owner cracks it or resubmits it, we will never know for sure. Estimate: $100-$150.1658. Portugal, 1000 reis, Maria II, 1845. KM-472. 29.6 grams. Lustrous XF+/AU- with bagmarks, no problems. Estimate: $400-$600.1659. Portugal, 1000 reis, 1898, 400th anniversary of the discovery of India commemorative. KM-539. 25.0 grams. Attractively rainbow-toned Mint State with minor bagmarks, lots of luster. Estimate: $175-$250.1660. Portugal, 1000 reis, Carlos I, 1899. KM-540. 24.9 grams.

Lightly bagmarked BU, very flashy. Estimate: $300-$450.

Puerto Rico (under Spain)

1661. Lot of 3 Puerto Rico silver coins of Alfonso XIII, assayer PG-V: 1 peso, 1895; 40 centavos, 1896; and 20 centavos, 1895. 39.8 grams total. Decent “short set” of this popular, short-lived series, all 3 XF or better with some evidence of cleaning, the peso lightly toned. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1662. Wallachia (Romania), ducat, Mircea the Elder (Dracula’s grandfather, 1386-1418). 0.4 gram. Superb specimen of a popular medieval issue with full details on both sides contrasted with nicely toned fields, AU grade. Estimate: $250-$375.

314

Spain

1667. Seville, Spain, bust 8 reales, Charles IV, 1798CN. KM-432.2; CT-774. 26.7 grams. Lightly toned XF with rim-bump at REX on reverse. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April, 2009 (lot #3448). Estimate: $200-$300.

1668. Seville, Spain, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1809CN. KM-451; CT-635. 26.9 grams. Lightly cleaned AU with much luster, starting to tone, scarce 2-year type. Estimate: $125-$200.

1663. Segovia, Spain, milled 8 reales, Philip IV, 1630P. KM-76a; CT-563. 26.9 grams. Bold XF with beautiful toning on reverse (which is struck slightly off-center), planchet flaw in shield. Pedigreed to our Auction #5 (lot 1265). Estimate: $500-$750.

1664. Seville, Spain, milled 4 reales “double pistareen,” Philip V, 1737PJ. KM-356; CT-1157. 12.9 grams. Choice VF+ with contrasting toning, no problems. Estimate: $200-$300.1665. Seville, Spain, milled 4 reales “double pistareen,” Charles III, 1761JV. KM-396.2; CT-1218. 13.3 grams. Choice XF with attractive toning, old scuff on upper lion, nice rims, one-year type. Estimate: $200-$300.1666. Barcelona, Spain, milled 2 reales, Charles III, 1708. KM-PT5; CT-24. 4.5 grams. XF with brassy toning, hairlines from old cleaning, parts of rims weak as struck slightly off-center. Estimate: $60-$90.

1669. Madrid, Spain, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1813/2IG. KM-unl (477 for type); CT-497. 26.8 grams. Lightly cleaned XF with strange old scuff-marks on cheek and in front of chin, clear overdate that is unlisted in KM. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April, 2009 (lot #3463). Estimate: $200-$300.

1670. Madrid, Spain, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1816GJ. KM-466.3; CT-505. 26.7 grams. Lightly rainbow-toned XF+ with underlying luster, no problems. Estimate: $100-$150.

315

Spanish colonial

1671. Seville, Spain, bust 8 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1820CJ. KM-466.4; CT-644. 27.0 grams. VF+ with lustrous fields, starting to tone at rims, slightly off-center reverse, final date of type. Estimate: $80-$120.1672. Cádiz, Spain, bust 4 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1812CJ, narrow bust. KM-476.1; CT-704. 13.5 grams. VF+ with very light toning overlying luster, very bold rims, no problems, one-year type. Estimate: $80-$120.1673. Madrid, Spain, bust 2 reales, Ferdinand VII, 1833AJ, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-460.2; CT-936. Exceptionally lustrous and choice, second finest known specimen graded by NGC, and final year of issue. Estimate: $200-$300.1674. Madrid, Spain, 20 reales, Isabel II, 1856. KM-609.2; CT-178. 25.8 grams. XF+ with deep rainbow-toning all over. Estimate: $175-$250.

1675. Madrid, Spain (provisional government), silver pattern 5 pesetas, (1868), rare. KM-Pn10; CT-p. 806; Vives 823. 24.6 grams. A thick-rimmed medallic pattern featuring the adopted design of the obverse and a reverse design similar to the issued version but with legends SOBERANIA NACIONAL and GOBIERNO PROVISIONAL, AU- with toning around details, traces of luster. Estimate: $80-$120.

1676. Lot of 5 cut pieces of Spanish and Spanish colonial coins, as follows: half of a Spain cob 8R of the 1600s with test cuts as circulated in the Orient; eighth cut (modern) of a Hollandia (1743) pillar dollar; quarter and eighth cuts (one of each) of 1700s bust 8R; and a Mexican bust 2R of 1777 with about 1/5 jaggedly cut away long ago. 28.1 grams total. Fascinating little collection of cut coins, all but the Hollandia piece (which was a 1970s promotional item) cut and circulated in their time, mostly toned, VG to VF overall. Note the weight: This little lot is about a dollar’s worth of small change! Estimate: $200-$300.1677. Lot of 6 Spanish colonial bust-type coins (five 8R and one 4R), various dates and mints. 141.9 grams total. The 8R are Mexico (Charles III and Ferdinand VII) and Potosí (1798), the 4R is Lima (1784), grades from AVG to AVF, no big problems, several toned. Estimate: $250-$375.

316

Sweden

1678. Sweden, riksdaler, Gustaf III, 1783OL, encapsulated NGC AU 58, finest (and only) known specimen graded by NGC. KM-527; DAV-1736. Very light golden toning with underlying luster, a few bagmarks but no wear, some adjustment marks on reverse rim. Estimate: $500-$750.1679. Sweden, riksdaler, Carl XIV Johan, 1823CB, encapsulated NGC AU 58, tied for finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-593. Beautiful light toning that is rosy gold in color on reverse and bluish on obverse, with much underlying luster, high catalog value. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

United States of America

1680. Sweden, riksdaler, Carl XIV Johan, large bust variety, 1823CB, encapsulated NGC AU 58, tied for finest known specimen graded by NGC. KM-593. Light rainbow-toning with underlying luster, minimal wear and bagmarks. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Switzerland

1681. Zurich, Swiss Cantons, thaler, 1761. KM-143.4. 27.7 grams. Attractively toned XF, no problems, very attractive. Estimate: $400-$600.

1682. Lot of 14 “bits” cut from Spanish 1700s “pistareens” (and fractions) and circulated in colonial US. 20.8 grams total. A wide variety of sizes and shapes, being mostly quarter-cuts but also one half-cut and 2 “leftovers” from multiple cuts, almost all toned and no worse than Fine for wear, several with visible dates, each of the 14 pieces desirable individually to collectors, who will no doubt have to fight with savvy resellers for this lot. Estimate: $1,000-up.1683. Lot of 4 quarter-cut “bits” of a single Spanish “pistareen” (Madrid 2R 1722A), found together in a colonial area in New Jersey as circulated in the colonial US. 5.7 grams. Metal-detectorists find these cuts all the time up north, but NEVER all 4 pieces of the SAME COIN! The cuts are clearly old, and somewhat irregular, but there is no way the cut pieces could have circulated and ended up together, so surely this was freshly cut when lost in the 1700s. VF overall. Estimate: $200-$300.

317

1684. USA (colonial), half dollar(?), ca. 1800(?), crudely cut-down segment of a Spanish colonial bust 8R of Charles IV, very rare. 13.4 grams. We’re not sure how the colonial clipper knew where to make the cuts, but somehow he created an exact half dollar in weight by cutting off at least 3 tangential pieces from the bottom and sides, leaving almost the whole bust and king’s ordinal on the obverse, which clearly circulated that way for a while (Fine with dark spots and toning on the cut edges), a fascinating piece for the colonial specialist. Estimate: $200-up.

1685. USA, copper “fugio cent,” 1787, 4 cinquefoils, STATES UNITED, pointed rays, encapsulated PCGS MS64BN (old green tag). Newman 12-X (rarity R-3). Popular early federal coinage, so named for the word FUGIO (“I fly”), designed by Benjamin Franklin to circulate with the value of a cert (but no denomination stated on the coin), this specimen clearly high grade (muted luster on fields) but hard to assess and appreciate through the old plastic, the diagnostic die-clashing on obverse and die-crack from rim at 6 o’clock on the reverse clear nonetheless, and also clearly undamaged and even in color (light chocolate brown). Estimate: $3,000-$4,500.

1686. USA (San Francisco mint), trade dollar, 1877-S, with chopmarks as circulated in the Orient. KM-108. 27.1 grams. AU with luster and faint toning, somewhat concave from the depth of the 3 large chops on the obverse. Estimate: $100-$150.1687. USA (San Francisco mint), 1 dollar Morgan, 1880-S, encapsulated NGC MS 64 PL. KM-110. Choice luster, light rainbow-toning at rims, just a few tiny bagmarks but every bit of “prooflike” like the slab says. Estimate: $70-$100.1688. USA (Carson City mint), 1 dollar Morgan, 1884-CC. KM-110. 26.7 grams. Frosty UNC with minor bagmarks, decent luster, probably MS 62 but no guarantee. Estimate: $200-$300.

318

1689. USA (Philadelphia mint), 50 cents bust half, 1819. KM-37. 13.3 grams. AXF with traces of luster, slightly crude rims (as made), popular early issue. Estimate: $100-$150.1690. USA (Philadelphia mint), 1/2 dollar, 1920, Pilgrim Tercentenary. KM-147.1. 12.5 grams. Lustrous Mint State, virtually no bagmarks, very bright and flashy. Estimate: $100-$150.1691. USA (San Francisco mint), 1/2 dollar, 1925-S, California commemorative, encapsulated NGC MS 63. KM-155. Lots of golden rainbow-toning with a few tiny dark spots, underlying luster, Estimate: $200-$300.

1692. USA (Denver mint), 25 cents standing Liberty quarter, 1918-D, encapsulated PCI AU58. KM-145. Lustrous, with very light golden toning all over. Estimate: $125-$200.1693. USA, nickel 3 cents, 1869, encapsulated NGC MS 64. KM-95. Muted luster under very light toning, band of copper color on obverse and light die-clashing evidence on both sides. Estimate: $200-$300.1694. USA, copper 2 cents, large motto, 1864, encapsulated NGC MS 63 BN. KM-94. Spots of original color against uneven toning, muted luster. Estimate: $100-$150.1695. Lot of 19 USA (Philadelphia mint) $1 Liberty (American Eagle bullion coins), 2007 (each 0.9993 oz ASW). All choice, lustrous Mint State, no marks or damage. Estimate: $400-$600.

Uruguay

1696. Uruguay, 1 peso, 1893, encapsulated NGC AU 55. KM-17a. Good luster but moderately bagmarked, no toning (yet). Estimate: $150-$225.1697. Uruguay, copper 40 centésimos, 1844, male sunface, encapsulated NGC VF 30 BN. KM-4. Crudely grainy as usual for this type but still decent, with traces of original color and technically undamaged. Estimate: $250-$375.1698. Uruguay, copper 20 centésimos, 1855. KM-7. 19.0 grams. Bold XF for type with hint of original color, nice contrast, typically crude (especially the rims) but technically undamaged. Estimate: $100-$150.

319

Venezuela

1702. Caracas, Venezuela, 2 reales, 1818BS (struck in 1830), F-7 flanking cross, quadrants of cross transposed. KM-C6.1;

CT-841. 4.4 grams. VF with darkly toned fields (good contrast), sediment in cross, hint of underlying luster, slightly bent. Estimate: $100-$150.1703. Caracas, Venezuela, 2 reales, 1819BS (struck in 1830), F-7 flanking cross, quadrants of cross transposed, encapsulated NGC VF 35. KM-C6.1; CT-844. Good strike, lightly toned all over with bluish tones in cross. Estimate: $150-$225.1704. Venezuela, copper 1 centavo, 1843. KM-Y3.1. 12.4 grams. Light brown color with darker bust, VF with bagmarks, no problems, scarce one-year issue. Estimate: $100-$150.

1699. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1816, large date, with unidentified countermark “F O” in large letters. KM-C2;

CT-1508. 4.9 grams. Dark VF with slightly porous surfaces, the countermark bold but unattributable. Estimate: $70-$100.1700. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1817, small date, encapsulated NGC XF 40. KM-C2; CT-1509. Bold, even strike except for parts of rims, some light color on fields. Note: KM values for the 1817 and 1818 in this series are way too low and do not accurately reflect the current market. Estimate: $70-$100.1701. Caracas, Venezuela, copper 1/4 real, 1818, small date, encapsulated NGC XF 40 BN. KM-C2; CT-1510. Low contrast (some light color) and slightly weak strike, but prominent striking lines on fields, much of rims off the flan. Note: KM values for the 1817 and 1818 in this series are way too low and do not accurately reflect the current market. Estimate: $70-$100.

West Indies

1705. Research collection of 16 West Indies countermarks (1600s-1800s) on colonial-era issues, some spurious (sold as is, no returns). A smattering of issues attributed to the various islands of the Caribbean, from Cuba to Curaçao, all on genuine silver and copper coins of the period (British, Dutch, French and Spanish) but some of the countermarks of dubious authenticity (possibly contemporary), one of the host-coins a Mexican cob 4R of Philip V. Estimate: $300-up.

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320

Medals & Tokens

Argentina

1708. Potosí, Bolivia, huge silver medal, 1850, Belzu. B-30A. 70mm; 114.7 grams. Obverse with lion and child together beneath palm tree, legend of EL PUEBLO DESCANZA CON SEGURIDAD BAJO LA SOMBRA DE LA LIBERTAD; reverse with Liberty placing wreath on bust of Belzu with legend M.Y. BELZU PRESIDENTE CONSTITUCIONAL DE LA RA. BOLIVIANA, date in exergue (lacking PREMIO as seen on others). Very bold XF, lightly toned with muted luster, the rims slightly crude and all the details very slightly doubled. Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 783, with lot-tag). Estimate: $450-$675.

1706. Argentina, oval gold medal, 1881, Campaign for Río Negro, with ring at top, rare. 12.8 grams. Mint State, with very lustrous fields. By decree of October 27, 1881, this medal was awarded to the military men under General Roca, who had participated in the campaign against the Patagonian Indians in what is now the south-western province of Río Negro. A similar specimen in stated to be in XF grade sold for $1100 plus buyer’s fee in Ponterio in March 2011. Estimate: $900-$1,350.

Bolivia1707. Potosí, Bolivia, large silver military medal, 1841. Fonrobert-9792. 46mm; 35.5 grams. Obverse with column with sun and rays above inside circular emblem with legend SALVE LA PATRIA Y SU GLORIA EN INGAVI (save my country and its glory in Ingavi) in the center of a cross patee; reverse with date 18 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 1841 above mountains in central circle, the rest blank. Lightly toned XF with hint of luster, crude rims, old scratches below reverse design. Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 496). Estimate: $300-$450.

321

1712. Potosí, Bolivia, oval silver medal (academic award, 1800s). Fonrobert-9438. 33×28mm; 13.2 grams. Obverse with standing Justice and legend PREMIO A SU APLICACION Y ADELANTAMIENTO; reverse with Bolivian arms and REPUBLICA BOLIVIANA. AXF with slightly uneven toning, some luster. Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 679). Estimate: $100-$150.

1713. Potosí, Bolivia, oval silver medal, Office of the Interior (1800s). Fonrobert-9431. 43×35.5mm; 31.1 grams. Obverse with Liberty standing with arms and cornucopia with legend MINISTRO DE ESTADO DEL DESPACHO DE / LO INTERIOR; reverse with seated Liberty holding laurel wreath, legend of ESPRESE EL SENTIMIETO DE MI PATRIA. Lustrous XF with very light toning, attractively bold. Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 704, with lot-tag). Estimate: $150-$225.

1714. Potosí, Bolivia, oval silver medal, Indian citizen award (1800s). Eidlitz-810. 43.2×38.2mm; 31.7 grams. Obverse with standing Liberty and legend EL GOBIERNO PREMIA LOS SERVICIOS DE LOS C[IUDADA]NOS; reverse with Neptune holding trident and standing in shell over waves with legend AL INDIJENA FELICIANO CANTUTA. Choice, lustrous AU with natural flaw in field to right of shell, slightly crude rims (as made). Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 705, with lot-tag). Estimate: $150-$225.

1709. Potosí, Bolivia, oval silver military medal, 1865, Melgarejo. 44×36mm; 28.0 grams. Obverse with bust of Melgarejo, legend EL JENERAL MELGAREJO AL VALOR Y LEALTAD / DE LOS DEFENSORES DE / LA CAUSA DE DICIEMBRE / 1865; reverse with campaign dates DI[CIEM]BRE 28 / ENERO 31 / MARZO 27 / SET[IEM]BRE 5 inside laurel wreath below eye-in-pyramid and rays. Deeply toned VF with a few minor marks here and there, slightly crude rims. Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 546, with lot-tag). Estimate: $150-$225.

1710. Potosí, Bolivia, small silver medal, 1866, American Union. Fonrobert-8327. 21mm; 4.2 grams. Obverse with condor and legend of UNION AMERICANA, 1866 date at bottom; reverse with legend BOLIVIA AL HONORABLE ENCARGADO DE around continuation in center NEGOCIOS / DE LA / REPUBLICA DEL / ECUADOR / LUIS AMPUERO. Very lightly toned UNC with lustrous fields. Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 554, with lot-tag). Estimate: $150-$225.

1711. Potosí, Bolivia, silver medal, Superior Court (1800s). 31.5mm; 15.0 grams. Obverse with flying condor over broken chain with legend LIBRES POR LA CONSTITUCION; reverse with seated Justice and legend CORTE SUPERIOR DE JUSTICIA, O.R in exergue. Lightly toned XF with underlying luster, minor rim-bruises, some doubling on obverse from re-engraving of die. Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 693, with lot-tag). Estimate: $100-$150.

322

1715. Potosí, Bolivia, oval silver medal, Constitution (1800s). Similar to Fonrobert-9453. 36×29mm; 18.9 grams. Obverse with open book below VELAR POR LA and CONSTITUCION BOLIVIANA on pages above laurel wreath; reverse with collage of national symbols and legend DIOS PROTEJE LA CAUSA D[E] LOS PUEBLOS and stars. Lustrous and attractive AU with incomplete rims (as made). Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 706, with lot-tag). Estimate: $150-$225.1716. Potosí, Bolivia, oval silver medal, Constitution (1800s). Fonrobert-9443. 42×35mm; 25.2 grams Obverse with open book in wreath with legend LIBRE POR LA CONSTITUCION and CONSTITUCION BOLIVIANA on pages; reverse with seated Liberty holding laurel wreath inside legend ESPRESE SENTIMIENTO DE MI PATRIA. Choice UNC with muted luster under light toning with iridescence around details, good rims, no problems, quite lovely. Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 708, with lot-tag). Estimate: $150-$225.

1718. Valparaiso, Chile, silver 1/2 peso-sized medal, 1897, Queen Victoria diamond jubilee, ex-Tarapaca, encapsulated NGC AU 58. 29mm. Obverse with bust of Victoria, name in title in legend, GM and LIMA on truncation; reverse with DIAMOND JUBILEE above OF HER MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA and VALPARAISO / JUNE 1897. Beautifully rainbow-toned. Pedigreed to the Tarapaca collection, as stated in the slab. Estimate: $500-$750.

1717. Potosí, Bolivia, oval silver medal, Superior Court (1800s). Fonrobert-9434. 36×31mm; 19.6 grams Obverse with condor breaking chain above laurel branch and legend UNION Y LIVERTAD SON NUESTRO LEMA; reverse with seated Justice and legend CORTE SUPERIOR DE JUSTICIA and leaf in exergue. Choice AU with luster and light toning. Pedigreed to the Alberto “Coco” Derman collection (Cayón, December, 2007, lot 712). Estimate: $150-$225.

Chile

1719. Santiago, Chile, gold medal, first mint director Garcia de Huidobro (1940s). 40mm; 54.9 grams Obverse with bust of mintmaster with FOREP on truncation for designer D. Francisco Orellana P., legend 1ER DIRECTOR DE LA CASA DE MONEDA / FRANCISCO GARCIA DE HUIDOBRO; reverse with RECUERDO DE / CASA DE MONEDA / DE CHILE; Santiago mintmark on both sides, stamped with fineness .900 on reverse. Lightly polished UNC with significant melt value. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

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323

Colombia

Costa Rica

1720. Colombia, silver proclamation medal, Ferdinand VII, 1808. Restrepo-p. 139. 26mm; 7.9 grams. Obverse with crowned arms, legend REI DE ESPA / NA E INDIAS; reverse with pomegranate above AUGUSTA / PROCLAM[A]CION / DEL N.R.D.G. POR / FERNANDO.VII / 1808, with second pomegranate below. Deeply toned XF+ with muted luster, slightly off-center reverse. Estimate: $200-$300.1721. Bogotá, Colombia, silver medal, 1892, 400th anniversary of the discovery of the Americas, rare. Restrepo-unl. 34.5mm; 20.4 grams. Obverse with arms and legend CONGRESO DE COLOMBIA / BOGOTÁ; reverse with sailing ship inside legend DESCUBRIMIENTO DE AMERICA / 4o CENTENARIO / 1492 * 1892. Attractively toned XF+ with crude rims (as made), apparently rare as not mentioned in Restrepo. Estimate: $100-$150.1722. Bogotá, Colombia, silver medal, 1938, 400th anniversary of the founding of Bogotá (portrait of Ferdinand VII), coin alignment. Restrepo-p. 139. 37mm; 23.4 grams. Desirable piece that used a punch for a proper Ferdinand VII portrait that was found at the mint but was never used in its time, colonial bust-type reverse but without legend, 1538-1938 at bottom. Lustrous AU with nice rims. Estimate: $100-$150.

1723. Costa Rica (San Miguel), copper 1c merchant token (ca. 1870s), two countermarks of HABILITADO / POR / F. / PINTO / M. on a USA Indian head penny of the 1860s, rare. Rulau-SJS98. 4.5 grams. Strange piece made out of a US penny, the host AVF but the countermarks bold XF, lightly toned, good contrast. Estimate: $200-$300.

Cuba

1724. Cuba (under Spain), small silver 1R-sized proclamation medal, Isabel II, 1834, Havana. Lismore-48. 3.9 grams. Obverse with crowned arms (key and 3 castles) inside legend ELISABETH II HISP ET IND REGINA; reverse with sun and rays above ACCLAMATIO / AVGVSTA / VIII.FEB. / MDCCCXXXIV / HABANA. Toned VF with flaw in crown, minor marks. Estimate: $125-$200.

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324

1725. Cuba (under Spain), large bronze medal, Isabel II, 1858, inauguration of Havana Water Works. 65x56mm; 93.6 grams. Obverse with Triton holding trident above 4 horses and crowned arms (3 castles and key), legend SE INAUGURARON LAS OBRAS PARA LA CONDUCCION DE LAS AGUAS DE LOS MANAN.S. DE VENTO / D[E] LA 28 DE NOV.E. DE 1858; reverse with name of queen and lengthy inscription. Chocolate brown AU- with underlying luster, minor rim-bruise. Estimate: $125-$200.

1726. Santiago, Cuba, bronze medal with bar at top, 1898, U.S. Naval Campaign West Indies (Spanish American War), Commander in Chief Sampson, with SANTIAGO on bar at top. 39mm; 34.1 grams. Bust of William E. Sampson on obverse, naval soldiers on reverse, SANTIAGO DE CUBA / JULY 3 in exergue; XF+, light bronze color with touch of toning. Estimate: $400-$600.

Dominican Republic

1727. Lot of 2 Dominican Republic proof patterns of gold 100 pesos, 1980, one in silver and one in copper, rare. KM-unl. 38mm each; 23.0 and 21.4 grams. Highly lustrous proof with frosty details and mirror fields, the silver with toning around rims and the copper with spots of rainbow-toning all over, a rare pair of which only 40 of each were minted, with native bust on obverse and first Santo Domingo pillars design on reverse. Estimate: $100-$150.

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325

1728. Lot of 2 Dominican Republic proof patterns of gold 100 pesos, 1980, one in gilt bronze (piedfort) and one in aluminum, rare. KM-unl. 38mm each; 42.9 and 6.7 grams. The gilt bronze piece proof with slightly dull mirror fields, the aluminum piece similarly low-grade proof, a rare pair of which only 10 were minted in gilt bronze piedfort (double thickness) and 15 were minted in aluminum, with native bust on obverse and pillar-design on reverse. Estimate: $100-$150.

1730. Lot of 2 Dominican Republic proof patterns of gold 500 pesos, 1976, first American visit of King and Queen of Spain, in copper and aluminum, rare. 42mm each; 22.1 and 6.9 grams. Lustrous proofs, the copper piece with rainbow-toning, a rare pair of which only 40 of each were minted, with busts of king and queen on obverse, arms on reverse. Estimate: $100-$150.

1729. Dominican Republic, proof patterns of gold 100 pesos, 1980, in silver (piedfort), rare. 38mm each; 49.9 grams. Choice proof with frosty details against mirror fields, native bust on obverse and pillar-dollar design on reverse, rare as only 10 were minted in silver piedfort. Estimate: $150-$225.

1731. Lot of 2 Dominican Republic silver proof patterns of gold 300 pesos, 1983, Montesinos/Enriquillo/Lemba, one piedfort, rare. 30mm each; 30.0 and 15.1 grams. Lustrous proof with frosty details, rare pair in that only 25 were minted in silver and 5 in silver piedfort, with design of 3 busts of human rights leaders on obverse, arms on reverse. Estimate: $200-$300.

326

Great Britain

1735. Mexico City, Mexico, gilt bronze proclamation medal, 1789, Charles IV, from the Mexican Consulate. Medina-184; Grove-C3b. 46mm; 61.4 grams. Obverse with bust of king, name and titles in legend; reverse with arms and legend EN SU EXALTACION AL TRONO LA CIUDAD DE MEXICO. Lustrous AU, scarce in gilt bronze. Estimate: $350-$500.

1732. Great Britain, silver medal, Anne, 1704, first grant to Church (Croker). MB2-p251.43. 45mm; 34.8 grams. Obverse with very high relief bust of queen, her name and titles in legend; reverse with clergy kneeling before the queen, PIETAS AVGVSTAE above and PRIMITIIS ET DECIMIS / ECCLESIAE CONCESSIS / MDCCIV in exergue. XF with lovely toning, just a few minor (old) marks. Estimate: $300-$450.

1733. Great Britain, copper Admiral Vernon medal, Porto Bello, 1739. Adams-PBxi13Q. 37mm; 17.2 grams. Obverse with standing Vernon between ship and cannon, legend THE BRITISH GLORY REVIV’D BY ADMIRAL VERNON; reverse with six ships in harbor, legend HE TOOK PORTO BELLO WITH SIX SHIPS ONLY and exergue NOV 22 1739, city center at LO; all N’s reversed. Choice grade of XF (the high-relief details NOT flat like usual), just a little crusty, maybe, and somewhat dark, but no damage, edge fully intact. Estimate: $350-$500.

Italy

1734. Italy (Papal States), gilt-bronze medal, Pope Innocent XI, year 6 (1681), State of Religion, by Benedetto Odeschalchi, original or early Vatican restrike. Linc 1440; Roma 126. 36mm; 20.7 grams. Obverse with bust of pope, name and titles in legend; reverse with Religion personified with cherubs, legend VNA SVPER VNVM. High relief and nice condition (AU), the gilding a little rubbed away on high points. Estimate: $200-$300.

Mexico

1736. Veracruz, Mexico, silver proclamation medal, Charles IV, 1789. Medina-273; Grove-C252. 41mm; 32.6 grams. Obverse with bust of king, name and titles in legend; reverse with city arms, legend NOV VERACRUZ PROCLAM AN 1789. Attractively toned AU, minor surface flaw in front of face. Estimate: $125-$200.

327

1737. Guanajuato, Mexico, gilt bronze proclamation medal, Charles IV, 1790, Los Mineros. Fonrobert-6825; Medina-167; Grove-C76. 48mm; 47.7 grams. Obverse with bust of king, name and titles in legend; reverse with mine scene, legend ACLAMADO EN LA C DE GUANAJUATO POR SUS LEALES MINEROS, exergue EN 28 DE OCTUBRE / DE 1790. AU with slight doubling and long die-cracks on both sides, minor rim-bruise, scarce in gold-plated bronze. Estimate: $350-$500.

1738. Guanajuato, Mexico, gilt bronze proclamation medal, Charles IV and Queen Luisa, 1790, Marques de San Juan de Rayas. Medina-165; Grove-C78a. 48mm; 45.9 grams. Obverse with busts of king and queen, name and titles in legend; reverse with arms of Marques with CONSAGRO ESTE MONUMENTO DE FIDELIDAD EL MARQUES DE SAN JUAN DE RAYAS Y LE / PROCLAMO EN GUANAXUATO, date in exergue A 1790. AU with minor rim-flaw and central dark spot on reverse, scarce in gold-plated bronze. Estimate: $350-$500.

1739. Orizaba, Mexico, bronze proclamation medal, Charles IV, 1790. Medina-202; Grove-C94b. 40mm; 30.9 grams. Obverse with bust of king, name and titles in legend; reverse with city arms, legend EN SU PROCLAMACION LA MUI LEAL VILLA DE ORIZAVA ANO DE 1790. Nice XF with mostly orange color but some dark spots. Scarce. Estimate: $150-$225.

1740. Mexico, silver proclamation medal, Ferdinand VII, 1809, Tridentine Seminary. Grove-F33. 47mm; 44.2 grams. Obverse with left-facing bust of king, name and titles in legend; reverse with walking female holding shield that shows the king’s bust, dog at her side, legend FIDELITAS DOLI VICTRIX and REGE A GALL. PERFID. CAPTO / MEX. TRIDENT. SEMIN / MDCCCIX in exergue. Choice AU with rainbow-toning around rims, underlying luster, no problems, possibly rare, as missing in Medina. Estimate: $500-$750.

1741. Parras, Mexico, silver proclamation medal, Ferdinand VII, 1809. Medina-336; Grove-F101. 40mm; 33.4 grams. Obverse with bust of king, legend FERDINANDUS VII REX MAXIMUS INTACTAE FIDEI COLUMNA IMMORTAS; reverse with 8-line inscription EXPECTATISSIMO NOSTRO / FERDINANDO VII / HISPANIARUM ET INDIARM / REGI CATHOLICO / INCOLARUM DE PARRAS / AETERNAE FIDELITATIS / MONUMENTUM / ANO 1809. Choice AU with attractive rainbow-toning all over, traces of luster. Estimate: $175-$250.

328

1742. Veracruz, Mexico, silver proclamation medal, Ferdinand VII, 1809. Medina-396; Grove-F197. 40mm; 34.5 grams. Obverse with bust of king, name and titles in legend; reverse with city arms, legend NOV VERACRUZ PROCLAM AN 1808. Deeply toned AU- with minor edge-bumps, hint of underlying luster, very attractive. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of April, 2009 (lot #3147). Estimate: $150-$225.

Peru (colonial)

1743. Mexico, gold medal, 1973, Sociedad Numismática de Mexico, first bust 8R, historic coins series #5. 38.5 mm, 41.7 grams. Obverse showing the obverse of a 1772 Charles IV bust 8R (first date of type), legend CONMEMORATIVA DE LA MONEDA MEXICANA / 1772 1821 / BUSTO DE 8 REALES; reverse with reverse of same coin, legend PRIMUM NUMISMA AMERICA / SOCIEDAD NUMISMÁTICA DE MEXICO plus date and mintmark. Proof, with mirror fields and frosty details (note Long called it BU, but it is clearly proof). Pedigreed to the Richard Long auction of October, 1997, lot #257. Estimate: $1,750-$2,500.

1744. Lima, Peru, silver 17.12-gram proclamation medal, Charles III, 1760, encapsulated NGC AU 58. Fonrobert-8921; Medina-79. 36.5mm. Obverse with bust of king inside border, name and titles and date in legend; reverse with city arms, legend OPTIMO PRINC PUBL FIDELIT JURAM. Gorgeous rainbow-toning all over, with underlying luster Estimate: $250-$375.

1745. Tarma (Galuez), Peru, silver 8R-sized proclamation medal, Charles IV, 1789, encapsulated NGC MS 61. Medina-269. 36mm. Obverse with Spanish arms, king’s name and titles in legend; reverse with tripartite VIVA / EL REY, GAL / UEZ and TAR / MA within legend PUBLIC FIDELIT JURAM D 25 DECEMBRIS 1789. Richly toned (somewhat spotty on obverse), with ample luster. Estimate: $300-$450.

1746. Huancavelica, Peru, silver 8R-sized proclamation medal, Charles IV, 1790, encapsulated NGC AU 55. Medina-177. 36mm. Obverse with bust of king, name and titles and date in legend; reverse with city arms within legend ME FERE JAM TOTUM SIC HUANCAVELICA TUAETUR. Lustrous and only very lightly toned. Estimate: $250-$375.

1747. Lima, Peru, silver 8R-sized proclamation medal, Ferdinand VII, 1808, (Viceroy) Abascal. Fonrobert-8968; Medina-313. 39mm; 27.3 grams. Obverse with bust of king, name and titles in legend; reverse with city arms, legend PUBLICAE FIDELITATIS JURAM LIMAE, with ABASCAL / 13 OCTOB / 1808 below the arms. Nicely toned XF, a few light marks only. Estimate: $200-$300.

329

1748. Tarma (Urrutia), Peru, silver 4R-sized proclamation medal, Ferdinand VII, 1808, encapsulated NGC MS 62. Medina-391. 32mm. Obverse with bust of king, name and titles in legend; reverse with rampant lion above URRUTIA / NOVIEMBRE 18 / DE 1808, legend PUBLICAE FIDELITATIS JURAMENTUM TARMAE. Lustrous and lightly toned, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $300-$450.

Peru (Republic)

1749. Lima, Peru, silver peso-sized medal, dated 1821, General San Martín, encapsulated NGC MS 64. Fonrobert-8995. 37mm. Obverse with sun and rays, legend LIMA LIBRE JURO SU INDEPENDENCIA EN 28 DEJULIO DE 1821; reverse with BAJO LA / PROTECCION / DEL EGERCITO / LIBERTADOR / DEL PERU / MANDADO / POR SAN / MARTIN within laurel wreath. Lustrous and rainbow-toned all over, very choice grade, virtually flawless. Estimate: $300-$450.1750. Lima, Peru, silver 1/2 peso-sized medal, dated 1821, San Martín (1850s), encapsulated NGC MS 63. Fonrobert-8998. 29mm. Obverse with sunface inside legend LIMA LIBRE JURO SU INDEPENDENCIA EN 28 DEJULIO DE 1821; reverse with BAJO LA / PROTECCION / DEL EGERCITO / LIBERTADOR / DEL PERU / MANDADO / POR SAN / MARTIN within laurel wreath. Nice luster and light rainbow-toning, choice and blemish-free. Estimate: $150-$225.1751. Lima, Peru, silver “6-reales” medal, 1826, President Bolívar, encapsulated NGC MS 62. Fonrobert-9018. 34mm. Obverse with arms and legend PRECIDENCIA VITALICIAE DEL LIBERTADOR SIMON BOLÍVAR; reverse with open book (Constitution) and LIMA inside wreath, legend SOLEMNEMTE JURADA EN 9 DE DICBRE DE 1826. Lots of luster, with light gold and green tones, one black spot on obverse, slightly off-center strike. Estimate: $200-$300.

1752. Peru, silver 1/2 peso-sized medal, 1828, congressional approval of Constitution, encapsulated NGC MS 61. Similar to Fonrobert-9027, 9028. 29.5mm. Obverse with open-book Constitution within rays, legend SANCIONADA POR EL CONGRESO JRAL DEL PERU; reverse with PROMULGA- / DA Y JURADA / EN 6.DE ABRL. / DE. 1828. Superb, almost prooflike luster, with deep rainbow-toning near rims. Estimate: $150-$225.

1753. Cuzco, Peru, silver peso-sized medal, 1838, General Santa Cruz, encapsulated NGC MS 62. Fonrobert-9235. 39mm. Obverse with Santa Cruz between flags, Santa=Cruz / 1838 in exergue; reverse with castle (arms) inside wreath, legend EL CUZCO AL INVICTO PROTECTOR DE LA CONFEDERACION. Highly lustrous fields with light rainbow-toning (mostly golden color), choice strike and grade. Estimate: $300-$450.

330

1754. Peru, large silver 1-1/2 peso-sized medal, 1839, Constitution proclamation, encapsulated NGC MS 63. Fonrobert-9062. 43.5mm. Obverse with Liberty standing on 3-tailed snake; reverse with JURADA / EL 9. DE / DICIEMBRE / DE 1839. inside legend CONSTITUCION DE LA REPUBLICA PERUANA. High luster, very light toning on reverse, choice grade. Estimate: $300-$450.

1755. Cuzco (Ancachs), Peru, silver 4R-sized medal, 1839, Battle of Yungay, encapsulated NGC MS 62. Fonrobert-9168. 32mm. Obverse with trumpeting cherub on hill above battle scene, legend LA LEY RESTAURADA POR EL VALOR DEL EJERCITO UNIDO EN ANCACH; reverse with LOS / EMPLEADOS / DE LA MONEDA / AL RESTAURADOR / DE SU PATRIA / GRAN MARISCAL / GAMARRA / CUZCO 1839 within laurel wreath and chain. Prooflike luster, incipient toning, choice grade. Estimate: $275-$400.

1756. Lima, Peru, silver 4R-sized medal, 1851, San Martín, encapsulated NGC MS 62. Similar to Fonrobert-9093. 33mm; 13.2 grams. Obverse with sun and rays, legend LIMA LIBRE JURO SU INDEPENDENCIA EN 28 DEJULIO DE 1821; reverse with BAJO LA / PROTECCION / DEL EGERCITO / LIBERTADOR / DEL PERU / MANDADO / POR SAN / MARTIN / 1851 within laurel wreath. Nicely lustrous, lightly rainbow-toned, with weak center on reverse but otherwise choice. Estimate: $200-$300.

1757. Peru, silver peso-sized medal, 1852, new laws under President Rufino Echenique, encapsulated NGC AU 58. Fonrobert-9096. 39mm; 27.5 grams. Obverse with standing Justice and legend SIENDO PRESIDTE EL GRAL. D. JOSE RUFO ECHENIQUE; reverse with open law book with EN JUI- / CIA / -MIEN / TOS on pages and CIVIL below inside legend CODIGOS DEL PERU PROMULGADOS EL 28 DE JULIO DE 1852. Beautifully toned, with hint of luster. Estimate: $200-$300.

1758. Lima, Peru, silver “6 reales”-sized medal, 1860, Constitutional reform, encapsulated NGC MS 62. Fonrobert-9123. 34mm. Obverse with open-book Constitution within rays, legend CONSTITUCION DEL PERU DE 1856 / REFORMADA EN 1860; reverse with PROMULGADA / EN / LIMA / EN / 25 DE NOVBRE / DE / 1860 within wreath. Choice specimen with light rainbow-toning, prooflike luster. Estimate: $250-$375.

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Auction #13 (spring, 2013).

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(use the bid sheet at the end of thiscatalog for fax or mail bids)

331

Puerto Rico

1762. Cased set of 3 bronze oval medals in gold, silver and bronze colors, made by artist Lorenzo Homar (1913-2004) in 1993 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the discovery of Puerto Rico, each one among only 100 made, commissioned by noted collector Efraín Archilla-Diez. 311 to 317 grams and 76x70mm each, the case 8” x 8” x 1-3/4”. Modern, artistic medals in pristine condition, with lion motif in high relief on front (signed by the artist at bottom), flat reverse with incuse wording “5to. Centenario del Descubrimiento de Puerto Rico 1493-1993,” a complete set in original presentation box. Lorenzo Homar (1913-2004) is considered by many to be Puerto Rico’s greatest graphic artist. Assisting him in the execution of these medals were fellow artists Luis Abraham Ortiz and Rafael Lopez Del Campo. Housed in custom wooden case. Estimate: $500-$750.

1759. Puerto Rico (under Spain), oval silver military medal (with crown bale from top, separated), Alfonso XII, Voluntarios de Puerto-Rico (1880), small-lamb variety, very rare. 38.5x30mm; 21.7 grams total. Obverse with bust of king, legend INTEGRIDAD DE LA PATRIA / CONSTANCIA; reverse with flag-bearing lamb on rock below F. I. with VOLUNTARIOS DE PUERTO-RICO in bottom legend. Made in Barcelona by B. Castells, rare as Type II (small lamb) and in silver. Lightly rainbow-toned XF, the separate crown at top missing a piece but the medal itself intact and well-preserved. Estimate: $600-$900.1760. San Juan, Puerto Rico, bronze medal with red-and-blue ribbon, 1898, U.S. Naval Campaign West Indies (Spanish American War), Commander in Chief Sampson, with U.S.S. YOSEMITE on bronze bar above the ribbon. 39mm; 35.9 grams total. Bust of William E. Sampson on obverse, naval soldiers on reverse, SAN JUAN, P.R. / JUNE 28 in exergue, edge engraved with WM. B. STRATTON (the seaman to whom this medal was originally presented). Dark XF. On June 16-17, 1898, the USS Yosemite was assigned to intercept the Spanish vessel Purissima Concepción but failed amid controversy. Estimate: $500-$750.1761. Puerto Rico, miniature gold medal, 1971, 450th anniversary of the transfer of the city of San Juan to Spanish control. 13.5mm; 1.4 grams. Obverse with bust of Ponce de León, reverse with Puerto Rico arms, AXF with some original luster, designed by Luis E. Casenave, artist Palmiro Bufadossi. Estimate: $80-$120.

332

Spain

1763. Seville, Spain, silver proclamation medal, Charles III, 1759. Herrera-41. 34mm; 13.7 grams. Obverse with bust of king, name and titles in legend; reverse with San Fernando on throne with Isidoro and Leandro to his sides, legend HISPAL IN EIVS PROC, date in exergue. Lustrous AU with iridescent toning at rims, very attractive. Estimate: $125-$200.

1764. Spain, pewter propaganda medal of Ferdinand VII (ca. 1808-14), rare. 42mm; 15.6 grams. Obverse with bust of king, name on truncation, legend VIVA LARGO TIEMPO LA RAZA DE LOS BOURBONES; reverse with arms, flags and cannon, legend EL PATIOTA VERDADERO / NOS ARMAMOS PARA ASSEGURAR NUESTRA LIBERTAD. Holed as made, lustrous AU with high points darker, of unknown date and origin but clearly an example of Bourbon propaganda from the Napoleonic era, and reportedly one of only 3 specimens known. Estimate: $125-$200.

Tobago1765. Tobago (French administration), bronze medalet/jeton, (1677), commemorating the burning of the Dutch fleet at Tobago. Betts-57. 26mm; 4.3 grams. Obverse with bust of Louis XIV, LVDOVICVS MAGNVS REX in legend, N for die-sinker Nyris below bust; reverse with winged Victory alighting on a galley, legend INCENSA BATAVORVM CLASSE. Dark VF with weak bust and small flaw in center of reverse. Estimate: $200-$300.

Turks & Caicos

1766. Turks and Caicos Islands, silver restrike (ca. 1970) of the British Phipps medal of 1687. 104.9 grams and 54mm, the case about 4-1/2” square. Beautifully toned UNC with prooflike luster, an exact replica of the famous medal issued in 1687 to commemorate the salvage of the Spanish wreck Concepción (1641) by New Englander William Phipps, this restrike scarce in its own right due to large-scale silver melting in the 1970s. Popular opinion is that the Turks & Caicos struck this medal to stake their claim on the wreck, which is nearby, but in the end the Dominican Republic had the gunboats to enforce their own claim instead. In original red clamshell box. Estimate: $175-$250.

333

Documents & Books

1768. Hand-colored, copperplate French map (ca. 1770) of F l o r i d a a n d t h e southeastern corner of what is now the United States by R i g o b e r t B o n n e entitled “Carte de la Louisiane, et de la Floride,” in large Riker display box. 10-1/2” x 16-1/4”, the actual image 12-1/2” x 8”. An original map (colored later) showing Louisiana, Illinois, Florida, Georgia, the Carolinas and Virginia as they were demarcated at the time, very important in relation to the failure

of the French colony there and subsequent Louisiana Purchase in 1803, also interesting to see the city names and even the various names of native American tribes in the area, excellent condition. Estimate: $250-$375.

1769. Large, copperplate French engraving “Naufrage” by Jean-Jacques Avril (1775) after Claude-Joseph Vernet work of 1755. 26” x 19-1/2”, the actual image about 22” x 15”. A well-known shipwreck scene with survivors pulling wreckage ashore near a castle, slightly foxed and with light tears along border (repaired) but the image intact, the paper watermarked with date of 1784 and manufacturer name with bell symbol. Estimate: $100-$150.

1767. Large, copperplate Dutch map of Peru by Jan Jansson (1640). 19” x 16”, the actual image 14” x 11-1/2”. Believed to be an early impression due to the fact that the compass rose needle points east instead of north (corrected in later printings), which is confusing since the map is oriented with north to left. Shown on the map are hundreds of place names (towns, islands, mountains, rivers, etc.) in coastal Peru (including parts of Bolivia and Ecuador), with curious cartouche at top left showing natives and fanciful animals, and scale at bottom right with flags, cannon, cherub, mermaid and Triton, all in good condition with strong, dark impression. Estimate: $100-$150.

1770. Framed, matted, full-color drawing of the Concepción (1641) astrolabe by Duke Long (ca. 1980). 23” x 20” in frame, the actual image about 13-1/2” x 10”. While Duke Long lithographs can be found from time to time, this piece is very rare as an original, the colors and detail so accurate that it looks like a photograph, in perfect condition and ready for hanging on your wall. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

334

1771. Ed Little’s cartographic map (vessel survey chart, scale 1” = 500 meters) showing where the Atocha (1622) “mother lode” was pinpointed, with DVDs and an offprint of the Numismatist article “Coins of the Nuestra Señora de Atocha” in which the incident is highlighted, plus a copper commemorative medallion in promotional box. 42” x 41-1/2” (chart only). While it is impossible to boil down the finding of the Atocha (1622) into just one moment, surely the greatest of many milestones was when the location of the “mother lode” was pinpointed by cartographer Ed Little via sonar readings, and this is the actual chart where “X marks the spot.” More accurately we should say “M.P.” (for “main pile”) marks the spot, for that is what you see at the end of a line drawn eastward from cannon and anchor finds to the west. Basically the chart is a transparency (somewhat browned from age) showing tangential lines of sonar readings pegged to two geodolite towers (marked WEST TOWER and EAST TOWER), which were placed in their positions based on finds made more to the north, including timbers from the Margarita. There is also a second page, a white underlay showing only the 1000m increments from the towers along with significant find spots, including the words ATOCHA MAIN PILE lining up with the handwritten M.P. on the main chart. A few tape marks and some odd yellow and red residue show that this was the actual, on-site chart, and not some promotional demonstration. Not a beautiful piece, to be sure, but of the utmost significance to treasure enthusiasts who appreciate the amazing story of Mel Fisher’s successful pursuit of the Atocha. Pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $500-up.

1772. Bowers, Q. David. A California Gold Rush History (2002), hardbound, special limited edition #319/400 in heavy case and with ounce of gold from the SS Central America inside the cover. 14-1/4” x 11-1/2”, 14-3/4 lb. In a famous numismatic coup, the bulk of the SS Central America treasure was purchased by a consortium of dealers, who subsequently sold the gold ingots in heavy promotions that included special editions (like this one, one for each bar) of Dave Bowers’ excellent, 1055-page book about the wreck, which shows color pictures of each and every bar. As a bonus for the promotion, actual gold dust from the wreck was placed inside the front cover (visible through a small window). Excellent condition, slight wear on the slipcase only. Estimate: $1,500-up.

1773. McKee, Art. Unpublished narrative entitled Survival on Isla La Tortuga (1976), personally signed by the author. 14” x 8-1/2”. Like other narratives of its time (think Edward Rowe Snow), this short story of a treasure hunt gone awry is either firsthand truth or expert fiction, amusingly written by the godfather of treasure salvage himself! Seventeen one-sided pages inside card covers, staple-bound at top, with hand-drawings on first and last pages depicting the author and his surroundings (also map of the island with small photos on front cover) during 10 days alone on a deserted island without food and water and crippled by injury. Excellent condition, no tears or

major discoloration. Estimate: $200-up.

335

1774. Wagner, Kip. Pieces of Eight (1966 First Edition), autographed by all 10 Real Eight members and associates PLUS Kip’s family members on inside pages. 9-1/2” x 6-1/4”, 221 pp (hardbound). Ten signatures is the benchmark for this famous book about the Real Eight Co. and the finding of the 1715 Fleet, preferably on a 1st edition, as we see here—but this one actually has FOURTEEN SIGNATURES, as sprinkled throughout the text are the signatures (next to their mention in the narrative and photos) of Kip’s whole family, including himself, wife Alice, son Tom, and nephew Rex Stocker, the first and last of whom are also among the ten signatures on the title page (and pictured with the rest of the gang on the back of the dust jacket). Very Fine condition, no problems, and certain to cause a stir among the treasure community. (Note: we sold a 10-signature 2nd printing in our Auction #7 for $1,300 plus buyer’s fee!) Estimate: $500-up.

336

Shipwreck Artifacts

Unidentified ca.-1450 Chinese wreck off Indonesia

1775. Small earthenware mercury vessel, European, with modern iron stand. 731 grams, 7” tall and 5” in diameter at its widest. Simple, conical flask with small, lipless hole in the broad top tapering to a small, flat bottom, most of the grayish surface covered with whitish coral, with some shells still rattling around inside, elegantly displayed. Estimate: $200-$300.

“Power Plant wreck” (late 1500s) off Hutchinson Island, Florida

1776. Silver (contraband) spike, very rare and important. 220 grams, 7-1/2” long. At various times since at least the 1950s, locals have found coins and small silver ingots in the vicinity of a nuclear power plant on the east coast of Florida, undoubtedly evidence of a Spanish shipwreck in the ocean nearby, and like all Spanish ships, this one apparently had contraband like this piece, which was cast from pure silver and delicately hammered into the ship to be retrieved later by the smuggler who know just which spike was the “one,” with moderate surface corrosion but still straight and solid and with head and point still intact, a unique item with very rare provenance. Estimate: $500-up.

Atocha, sunk in 1622 west of Key West, Florida

1777. Long, ornate, gold chain, 822 links plus fob, approx. 11’ long. 697 grams. This is the kind of chain Mel Fisher used to drape over big investors’ shoulders! Read the title again—ELEVEN FEET LONG, each 1/4” link smooth but with ribbed sides (the fob 3/4” and ribbed all over), giving it an ornate appearance overall, quite unlike any of the chains sold in the original Christie’s (New York) auction of June 1988 except in length, the best of which (lot 174, comparable to this piece in quality but much shorter, also from the Margarita instead of the Atocha) sold for a whopping $319,000! Also note the high intrinsic value (currently over $35,000), if you assume 22K gold like most Spanish artifacts. With Fisher photo-certificate #00A-57803, personally inscribed by president Kim Fisher. Estimate: $60,000-$90,000.

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337

338

1778. Plain-link gold chain, approx. 55” long. 86.0 grams. A very wearable length of 628 smooth oval links (each about 4mm), virtually identical to lot 24 of the original Christie’s (New York) auction of June 1988, which sold for $38,500, with slight staining from the sea, presumably 22K, not ornate but still impressive in length and provenance. With Fisher photo-certificate #86A-P092. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

1779. Ornate gold “money” chain necklace, 83 links, 21” long. 128.1 grams. This chain is of identical design to but twice the length of lot 138 in the original Christie’s (New York) auction of 1998, which sold for $22,000. The design consists of alternating twisted and straight oval links of fluted ribs, each about 10mm, with a small gap where the link could be opened and removed, adding support to the theory that these chains were used as tax-free money by simply taking out links, each of which had the value of about a 1/2 escudo (8 reales) in its time. Thirteen of the links show fine encrustation, but otherwise the chain is pristine and sharp, with none of the wear and tear usually seen on “money” chains. For five years (2006-11) this piece was displayed by the Mel Fisher Maritime Heritage Society museum, which deemed it one of the highest-quality specimens found (see accompanying letter). For practical reasons (since it is only choker length), the previous owner had copies of the links professionally made in Key West to add 4” (17 links, a little over 25 grams total), so that the chain could fit over his head, but those replica links have been removed and will be offered without obligation to the winning bidder at current melt value, added to the hammer price. With photo-certificate #FD0001 and letter from Mel Fisher Maritime Heritage Society. Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

339

1780. Gold/emerald ladies’ ring, approx. 1 carat, size 4. 2.1 grams. A somewhat plain, gold-wire ring (slightly misshapen but wearable) but with nice, round emerald of attractive milky-green color, good clarity, with asymmetric facets on top

(almost cabochon). With Fisher photo-certificate #86A-P004. Estimate: $3,500-up.

1782. Dark-green natural emerald #76, 2.33 carats, with Edward J. Little signature on certificate. Approx. 12x5mm. Choice color and translucence, and also attractively prismatic in shape, desirable as pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With original Fisher photo-certificate #076, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1783. Small but dark-green (gem quality) natural emerald #E310, 0.71 carat. Approx. 5mm. A beautiful little hexagonal crystal with deep green color and good translucence. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With original Fisher plastic tag and photo-certificate #E310. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1781. Large but light-green natural emerald #1, 2.66 carats, with Edward J. Little signature on certificate. Approx. 10mm. Nice green color but totally opaque, with irregular surfaces, somewhat cubic shape, desirable as pedigreed to the cartographer who pinpointed

the “mother lode” in 1985, and significantly numbered “LE001,” meaning the very first light emerald (non-gem quality) to be certified. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With original Fisher plastic tag and photo-certificate #87A-LE001, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1784. Lot of 2 light-green natural emeralds #LE0117 and LE0917, 5.09 and 1.09 carats respectively. Approx. 10mm and 7mm. The larger emerald is nicely spherical (almost), with good green color but totally opaque; the smaller one is pale and jagged but fairly translucent. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With original Fisher plastic tags and certificates #LE0117 and LE0917. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1785. Small but dark-green natural emerald #106, 0.44 carat, with Edward J. Little signature on certificate. Approx. 7x3mm. Hexagonal crystal of good color and decent translucence but very narrow in shape, desirable as pedigreed to the cartographer

who pinpointed the “mother lode” in 1985. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With original Fisher photo-certificate #106, and pedigreed to the Edward J. Little collection. Estimate: $600-$900.

1786. High-quality natural emerald #29320, 1 .95 carats. Approx. 8x5mm. Deep green color and excellent clarity, with most sides smooth, a premium emerald to be sure.

(Note: image enlarged for details.) With Fisher plastic tag and photo-certificate #93-1A-29320. Estimate: $600-$900.

1787. Small but high-quality natural emerald #30079, 0.66 carat (certificate missing). Approx. 5mm. Good color and translucence, nice hexagonal shape, with original tag and notation “Dauntless ‘94” on the pouch

in reference to the salvage vessel and date of recovery. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With Fisher plastic tag #94-A-30079-1B. Estimate: $400-$600.

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340

1788. Silver wine goblet, intact, marked twice with crowned-pomegranate silversmith mark (probably Colombian).

In 1985 a very interesting conglomerate was found near the Atocha “mother lode” that consisted of seven exceptionally well-crafted silver artifacts, all bearing a crowned-pomegranate silversmith mark, that were probably the possessions of one wealthy traveler. Two more objects from the same shipment were found elsewhere (one of them years later). Four of the objects were offered in the original Christie’s (New York) sale in June of 1988 in a separate section within the catalog entitled ‘CROWN AND POMEGRANATE’ GROUP, as lots 69 through 72, sold as follows: #69, pastille or incense burner, sold for $11,000; #70, castor, sold for $13,200; #71, gilt rosewater dish, sold for $49,500; and #72, gilt two-handled cup, sold for $165,000. The silversmith mark, which was attributed to Colombia because of the pomegranate, and the conglomerate were specially noted on page 33 of the catalog, with a footnote on the following page specifically mentioning the present goblet as “now in a private collection” and therefore not in the Christie’s auction (we have come to find out it was owned by a Chicago banker).

The assignment of value to priceless objects such as these is guesswork at best, but much importance is placed on the “point values” given by Treasure Salvors in 1986. After all, it was these point values that determined what the investors received, and all the artifacts had to be accurately assessed, at least relative to each other. The Christie’s lots had the following point values: #69, pastille or incense burner, 333.33 points; #70, castor, 1388.89 points; #71, gilt rosewater dish, 5555.56 points; and #72, gilt two-handled cup, 6666.67 points. The goblet we are offering here was assigned 2222 points (as stated on the accompanying certificate), placing it somewhere between the castor and the rosewater dish in initially recognized importance, and establishing a value of approximately $13,000 to $50,000 for our goblet based on the Christie’s prices realized. While we do feel that the 1988 prices were far higher than the current market, there is no doubt that unique items like these have value well beyond the normal coins and bullion from this wreck.

It is also worth noting that this goblet and its companion pieces were deemed so important that Treasure Salvors’ archeologists made special drawings for them, which they still have on file and can be accessed online but are also included in the accompanying documents for this lot. Also included are letters relating to the fact that the Mel Fisher Maritime Heritage Society museum borrowed this piece from the consignor for display in their La Plata del Mar: Silver of the Sea Exhibit of 2006-2011.

It is clear to see why the Fisher museum chose this piece to display, as it is perfectly intact—not dented or misshapen in any way, which is amazing considering how thin the rim is—and its surfaces are pristine, with minimal corrosion only inside the cup. The two stampings near the rim are bold and fully detailed. The ringed stem is very solid, as is the round base. Albeit only 4” tall (about 3” across the top), this piece is nevertheless one of the most impressive objects from the Atocha.

Housed in a custom wooden box, with Fisher photo-certificate and letter from the Mel Fisher Maritime Heritage Society, as well as several pages of research documents.

Estimate: $3,500-up.

1789. Silver spoon with fancy handle marked with VRD monogram, intact and solid. 40.4 grams, 5-3/4” long. Amazing condition for an Atocha artifact, the silver surfaces totally uncorroded and as shiny as the day it was made, with short and curiously side-wise curved handle terminating in an angled flat spot with engraved monogram, the bowl a bit flattened but otherwise in perfect condition, somewhat similar in size and shape to the two spoons sold in the original Christie’s (New York) auction of June 1988 (lots 31 and 32), which sold for $3300 and $2640 respectively. With Fisher plastic tag and photo-certificate #00A-57467-01. Estimate: $500-$750.

341

1790. Top (neck) of an earthenware “olive” jar with encrusted metal strap attached. 492 grams, roughly 6” x 4” x 2-1/2”. Earthenware containers on reef-wrecked Spanish ships rarely survived intact, and the shard of choice has always been the thick, rolled neck of each jar, preferably with parts of the shoulder and nicely encrusted, which is exactly what you see here, with the additional attraction of a flat piece of iron encased on encrustation resting on the shoulder. With Fisher certificate #88A-5053-B, with inscription by Kim Fisher. Estimate: $100-$150.

Capitana, sunk in 1654 off Chanduy, Ecuador

1791. Tiny but ornate gold pendant with high-quality cabochon emerald (approx. 1/2 carat). 0.3 gram, 10mm. This was probably part of something bigger (like an earring), as it is of exceptional quality for its size, the emerald quite translucent and deep green, with glossy surfaces (open on both sides), held in place by 4 prongs in an oval setting with ribbed sides, loop and jump-ring at top, no damage at all, very rare as the only piece of jewelry ever offered for sale from this wreck, which did not yield many artifacts in the first place. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1792. Medium bronze cannonball (rare). 13 lb 10 oz, 5” in diameter. Just like a regular cannonball but made out of bronze (reportedly to counteract the fact that iron cannonballs rusted away before they could be used) and rare as such, the entire surface a dark, rusty brown color with slight tinge of green, with minor localized pitting only. With certificate from the salvagers. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

Maravillas, sunk in 1656 off Grand Bahama Island

1793. Complete iron spike-shot, very rare. 11-1/4 lb, 19” x 4-1/2”. This is basically a 4” cannonball with sharp, square-shanked spikes on opposite ends to be shot out of a cannon like normal but with flaming pitch rags tied to the spikes, which set the target’s sails on fire. This is the first shot of this kind we have ever offered, let alone from a major shipwreck. (Note: There is evidence that Marex’s artifact finds from the Maravillas and the neighboring “Tumbaga wreck” of ca. 1528 became mixed, and it could be that this spike-shot actually came from the ealier wreck instead.) Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

342

Chaperón, sunk in 1681 off Panama

1794. Short sword blade, complete and professionally conserved. 185 grams, 19-1/2” long and 1” at its widest. This particular wrecksite from the 1681 Fleet is known for yielding dozens of long, thin rapier blades, a supply from Spain for the colonies, but this piece is a different type, much shorter and with edge on only one side, with cross-fleury maker’s mark on both sides of the ricasso, steel gray in color and a bit rough from corrosion but not rusty at all, its point still sharp. With certificate. Estimate: $200-$300.

“Vung Tao Cargo,” sunk ca. 1690 off Vietnam

1795. Chinese blue-on-white porcelain dish (shallow bowl), Kangxi period. 1011 grams, 10” in diameter and 1-5/8” tall. Somewhat plain and unglazed except for the rim, which shows 4 clusters of berries, fully intact and rather heavy for porcelain (really more like stoneware). With certificate. Estimate: $175-$250.

Henrietta Marie, sunk in 1700 off Marquesas Key, southwest of Key West, Florida

1796. Ornate “Royal Portrait” pewter spoon, British, William III, rare and important slave-ship provenance. 42.3 grams, 7” long. A very elegant spoon (pied-de-biche type, trifid handle), with crowned head of William III at end, circular maker’s mark with S-B and asterisk for Stephen Bridges of London on bottom near bowl, the underside of which is ornately designed, even gray color with a few dark spots, perfectly intact. While some 131 spoons were recovered from this wreck, only 72 were of this Royal Portrait design. The Henrietta Marie was heavily touted by the Fisher organization as the first and only slave ship found and salvaged and therefore of utmost archeological importance. With Treasure Salvors certificate #HMS48-31 from 1987. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

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Spanish 1715 Fleet, east coast of Florida

1797. Ornate gold ampulla for anointing, 245.6 grams, approx. 20K, pedigreed to the 2003 “Tampa sale,” lot 9 (most important item in that auction). About 5” tall and 2-1/2” at its widest. No shipwreck object of this size could be lovelier, as its entire egg-shaped body and flared top is very ornately engraved, as are also two small, S-shaped handles and four hinged (flexible, probably removable) side-supporters, resting atop an eight-lobed base, with significant areas of white coral encrustation. The glass interior of course is long gone, but the open sides show that it was necessary to see the purity and amount of the liquid, and inside the top there is a thin neck where a stopper probably went. While the purpose of this clearly important piece was a mystery both in the 1980s when it was found and in 2003 when we appraised it for the federal government, further research for the present auction shows that it had to be a vessel for holding holy oil used in Catholic ceremonies, in particular for the anointing of a new king or queen. For that reason it is now believed this piece (along with the recently found “pelican in piety”) were part of the “Queen’s Jewels” documented to have been aboard the 1715 Fleet for the new Spanish queen, Elisabeth of Parma, whom Philip V married at the end of 1714, shortly after the death of his first wife earlier that same year. The word “priceless” comes to mind. In custom wooden box, with lot-tag from the 2003 “Tampa sale” of 1715-fleet coins and artifacts. Estimate: $25,000-up.

1798. Gold manicure set with toothpick and ear-spoon, found by Bob Weller in 1993 among the famous “Queen’s Jewels.” 7.1 grams, 2-1/2” long. Three plain, flat ribbons of gold, one terminating in a tiny spoon for ear-wax, one with a point for picking teeth and the third just an outer cover with tip folded over for holding the other two, with pinned oval ring at top for wearing on a chain, clearly high-karat gold and nicely intact, with extensive modern pedigree including it in a set of gold jewelry and other items that were documented as being on their way to Spain for the coronation of the new queen (see previous lot). From the “Cabin wreck” site (1993), with Fisher photo-certificate #26174 and shown in photos in Bob Weller’s books Shipwrecks Near Wabasso Beach (with Ernie Richards, 1996, pp. 55 and 59) and Galleon Alley (2001, p. 160), and on the cover of the Treasure Quest magazine issue of September-October, 1997 (Vol. VIII-3), and in the Plus Ultra newsletter issue of 4th quarter of 1993 (Vol. 11, No. 4, p. 6). Estimate: $10,000-up.

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1799. Lot of various lengths of gold “olive blossom” chain, total of 28.5 inches. 39.0 grams total. This type of chain, with hundreds of tiny (1/8”) box-shaped links, each with six-petalled flowers on two sides, is also sometimes referred to as the “dragon whistle chain,” for a significant

length of accompanied the famous “dragon whistle” (captain-general’s badge of office) found on the beach by Kip Wagner and Rex Stocker in 1962 (see next two lots), this lot consisting of two long strands (18” and 9-1/4”) and one very short piece (1”), all undamaged, that can be professionally linked to make into a wearable, elegant necklace. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

1800. Small piece (7”) of gold “olive blossom” chain. 9.3 grams. Approx. 124 tiny (1/8”), box-shaped links with six-petalled flowers on two sides, a design also known as “dragon whistle chain” (see previous and following lots), an ideal length for making into a bracelet or combining with the previous lot to make an extra-long

chain, a few links slightly bent but well-preserved overall. From the Corrigans site, with Fisher photo-certificate #38157. Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

1801. Cast gold replica of the famous “dragon whistle” (captain-general’s badge of office). 23.2 grams. In 1962 Rex Stocker and Kip Wagner of the Real Eight Co. found a dragon-shaped gold object with an 11-foot gold chain attached on the beach opposite the “Cabin wreck” site just south of Sebastian, and this strange and beautiful object turned out to be Fleet Captain-General Ubilla’s badge of office, functional as a whistle and toothpick and earspoon all in one. It was a fabulous piece that sold at auction in 1967 (lot 21 of the “Treasure of the Spanish Main” auction of February 4, 1967, by Parke-Bernet in New York City) for $50,000, a veritable fortune at the time. This

same piece was offered again in 1993 (by Sotheby’s of New York) and recently sold in a private transaction for six figures. Over the years we have seen a few cast replicas of the whistle, like this one, a perfect reproduction in solid gold (with jump-ring at top), distinguishable from the original by the fact that it is not hollow (and therefore not functional as a whistle). Normally we do not offer reproductions, but this one was not mass-produced, and when combined with the previous two lots gives the high bidder the opportunity to re-create the famous piece in a long, wearable necklace (a conversation-starter of epic proportion!). Estimate: $1,500-$2,250.

1803. Ornate men’s gold ring, low-grade gold, size 6-1/2. 3.1 grams. Brassy color from low purity but very thick and intact, its design consisting of alternating flat ovals and protruding lozenges (four of each), similar to many found on the Fleet but apparently NOT from the Nieves (“Colored Beach wreck”) that was famous for them. From the

Corrigans site, with Fisher photo-certificate #9278. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1802. Small but elegant ladies’ gold ring, heart-in-hands design, size 3-1/2. 2.9 grams. Plain on bottom but with neat design on top half showing two hands with distinct fingers holding a protruding “ex voto”-style heart in center, typically made for a very

small finger in what appears to be high-karat gold, undamaged and wearable. From the Corrigans site (beach find). Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1804. Lot of 3 natural emeralds of 4, 3 and 2.5 carats each. Approx. 5mm to 12mm each. All three with faint green color peeking through a frosty veneer of encrustation, rather worn from the reefs but decent in size. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With certificates. Estimate: $200-$300.

1805. Base-metal ring (ladies’) with non-precious stone, size 4. 1.2 grams. Intact but somewhat discolored and lightly encrusted wire ring with (now) colorless square stone on top, possibly restorable for wearing but neat as a genuine artifact anyway. From the “Cannon Pile wreck” site, with Sedwick certificate from 2001. Estimate: $150-$225.

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1806. Complete iron barshot with hemispherical ends, professionally conserved. 11 lb, 14” long, each ball 4” in diameter. Rare as fully intact, with two halves of balls on either side of a long, square-shank bar, the iron somewhat woody in texture but all black from conservation and with no rust of heavy pitting in evidence. With photo-certificate. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

“Ca Mau wreck,” sunk ca. 1723-35 off Vietnam

1808. Chinese blue-on-white porcelain saucer, Kangxi period, peacock design. 88.6 grams, 5” in diameter. Scalloped rim with highly detailed interior showing various floral scenes and one man-in-boat inside 8 panels around a central design of a peacock standing on a rock, plain exterior except for two long branches, fully intact, with no chips or cracks, small spots of encrustation. With original Sotheby’s auction-lot sticker on bottom. Estimate: $125-$200.1809. Chinese blue-on-white porcelain saucer, Kangxi period, fence-and-flowers design. 58.0 grams, 4-1/2” in diameter. Simple design with vine-like flowers centered in front of a fence, flying butterflies in background, crosshatch rim-design, plain exterior, no chips or cracks, fully intact. With original Sotheby’s auction-lot sticker on bottom. Estimate: $125-$200.1810. Chinese blue-on-white porcelain saucer, Kangxi period, man and bay design. 79.1 grams, 4-1/2” in diameter. Central design of man crossing a short bridge next to a bay with peninsula in background, crosshatch rim-design, brown exterior, fully intact, no chips or cracks, some original glaze-luster remaining. With original Sotheby’s auction-lot sticker on bottom. Estimate: $125-$200.1811. Chinese blue-on-white porcelain saucer, Kangxi period, floral design. 60.0 grams, 4-1/2 in diameter. Flowers on vines around central flower for interior design, with crosshatch design on rim, brown exterior, no chips or cracks, fully intact. With original Sotheby’s auction-lot sticker on bottom. Estimate: $125-$200.1812. Chinese blue-on-white porcelain saucer, Kangxi period, floral design. 69.9 grams, 4-1/2” in diameter. Flowers on vines around central flower for interior design, with crosshatch design on rim, brown exterior, no chips or cracks, fully intact, with white coral “footprints” on the interior. With original Sotheby’s auction-lot sticker on bottom. Estimate: $125-$200.

1807. Lot of 5 miscellaneous artifacts: earthenware “olive jar” shard; pewter buckle; small pieces of pewter and silver; and small piece of lead sheathing. 284 grams total, the largest item 7”. Token-value items but with original certificates and tags, the buckle and earthenware shard lightly encrusted, the silver piece shined up. With 3 certificates: Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificate from 1995 (buckle); Cobb Coin Co. (Fisher) certificates (and tags) #2465 and 2504 (silver and pewter pieces). Estimate: $70-$100.

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Spanish 1733 Fleet, Florida Keys

1813. Small iron barshot with encrustation at one end. 7 lb, 11-1/2” long. Two 2” cylindrical shot with square-shank bar in between, all matte black and rust-free from professional conservation, one of the ends with a big chunk of orange-white encrustation, neat display. From the “Coffins Patch” site, with certificate #10474 from the salvagers. Estimate: $400-$600.

1814. Brass sword hilt (crushed but intact) with patches of encrustation. 148.2 grams, roughly 5-1/2” x 4”. A bit mangled but still recognizable, with white encrustation and green patina on handle side and brassy color on the other, with rectangular space where blade once fit. From the Capitana El Rubí site, with Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificate from 1995. Estimate: $200-$300.

1815. Clay pipe bowl with initial D, intact. 23.6 grams, 3” long. Fully intact, thick-walled pipe with prominent post (rest) on bottom, raised D on bowl, lustrous golden color all over with spots of brown and black, amazing condition for a shipwreck find. With Frank and Daniel Sedwick

certificate from 1995. Estimate: $125-$200.

1816. Ivory lice comb. 9.9 grams, 3-1/2” x 1-7/8”. Typically thin, rectangular, two-sided comb with hundreds of fine teeth, most intact but a few broken off, a common but fragile artifact in rather nice condition for its origin. With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificate from 1995. Estimate: $100-$150.

1817. Lot of miscellaneous artifacts: ornate lead decoration; two small lead seals; and two pieces of shoe leather. 87 grams total, the biggest piece 4”. A small collection of utilitarian items, the leather (sole and heel) very solid and glossy from preservation (rarely found intact), and one of the lead seals with clear design (shield and wording). With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificates from 1995. Estimate: $150-$225.

Any questions? Please email usat info@sedwickcoins.com

or call (407) 975-3325

Want to see your collection sold like this? Consign to our Treasure and World Coin

Auction #13 (spring, 2013).

Please place absentee bids atwww.auction.sedwickcoins.com

(use the bid sheet at the end of thiscatalog for fax or mail bids)

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San Gerónimo, sunk in 1751 off the Yucatán peninsula of Mexico

1818. Lot of 5 natural emeralds of 3-5 carats each. Approx. 7mm to 13mm each. Mostly pale green but somewhat translucent stones, some with light surface encrustation, scarce provenance. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificates from 1995. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.1819. Lot of 10 natural emeralds of 2-3 carats each. Approx. 5mm to 10mm each. Mostly pale green but somewhat translucent stones, some with light surface encrustation, scarce provenance. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificates from 1995. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1820. Lot of 5 natural emeralds of 1-2 carats each. Approx. 4mm to 8mm each. Mostly pale green but somewhat translucent stones, some with light surface encrustation, scarce provenance. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificates from 1995. Estimate: $500-$750.1821. Lot of 11 small natural emeralds up to 1 carat each. Approx. 3mm to 8mm each. Mostly pale green but somewhat translucent stones, some with light surface encrustation, scarce provenance. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificate (1) from 1995. Estimate: $500-$750.

1822. Small, natural emerald chip, 1 carat. Approx. 12x5mm. With the color and translucence of a Coke bottle, uneven surfaces with hints of encrustation, not a gem by any means but desirable for its (scarce) provenance. (Note: image enlarged for details.) With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificate from 1995. Estimate: $100-$150.

1823. Brass cross with Jesus figure (complete) encrusted into piece of impacted debris. 33.6 grams, roughly 2-1/2” x 2”. In addition to emeralds, this outbound Spanish ship was carrying religious medallions, crucifixes and crosses for converting the natives, and of the last-mentioned this piece is probably the best we’ve ever seen, completely intact and with intricate design on both sides, the Jesus figure applied on front above a small skull-and-crossbones for Golgotha, with left arm embedded in a thick, rock-like chunk of orange and white, the cross itself a dark brown color all over. With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificate from 1995. Estimate: $250-$375.

1824. Small but ornate brass cross with white encrustation. 4.3 grams, approx. 1-1/2” x 1-1/2”. Totally intact except for loop at top and two odd uprights at lateral ends, with all the detail on the front attractively contrasted by a veneer of bright white coral, the back gray but also well detailed. With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificate from 1995. Estimate: $100-$150.

1825. Lot of 2 small, brass crucifixes (intact), one with small areas of encrustation. 9.4 grams total, each about 2-1/4” x 1-3/8”. Simple round-shanked crosses with peg-hole in middle for Jesus figures (missing), with small loop at top (encrusted on one), some brassy color but otherwise dark. With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificates from 1995. Estimate: $150-$225.

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1826. Lot of 13 small, brass religious medallions. 9.7 grams total, up to 7/16” each. Tiny medallions with images of holy figures, all more or less corroded but intact, some dark but some brassy, with top loops intact, scarce provenance. With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificate (1) from 1995. Estimate: $150-$225.1827. Lot of 6 small, bronze hawk bells (intact), one with encrustation. 45.1 grams total, up to 1” in diameter. Sundry assortment of crotal bells used for hawking/falconry, one or two with clapper still inside, a couple slightly crushed but all fundamentally intact, mostly green in color but the largest one copper-brown and with chunk of crud adhering to side. With Sedwick certificates from 2001. Estimate: $100-$150.

Rosario, sunk in 1753 off Montevideo, Uruguay

1828. Lot of 2 brass spoons, intact. 54.5 grams total, each about 7” long. Plain but undamaged spoons with light veneer of encrustation, mostly tan in color but some dark areas. We have seen other specimens from this wreck cleaned and restored to original brass color. Estimate: $60-$90.

El Buen Consejo, sunk in 1772 off Anguilla (Leeward Islands)

1829. Small brass religious medallion with research letter. 2.0 grams, 1” in diameter. Circular medal with loop at top intact, thin from moderate corrosion but with various figures (supposedly St. Charles and St. Terese of Carmel) and some letters still visible, with important and very rare provenance, a ship that was carrying Franciscan missionaries to the Philippines by way of Mexico and captained by Don Julián Antonio de Urcullu, who, ironically, was also the captain of El Nuevo Constante, sunk in 1766 off Louisiana. With letter from Fisher researcher Corey Malcolm. Estimate: $150-$225.

Tounant, sunk in 1779 off Haiti

1830. Shallow earthenware pie-dish, encrusted but intact. 651 grams, 9” in diameter and 1-1/2” tall. Totally intact but completely covered with grayish, wormy coral, great for display. Not much is known about this French ship except that she had fought for the United States in the Revolutionary War and was not carrying treasure when she sank. Estimate: $125-$200.

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Cazador, sunk in 1784 off New Orleans in the Gulf of Mexico

1831. Side of wooden chest with 23+ coins encrusted on it (as found). 10 lb, approx. 25” x 9” x 3”. This large and fragile display is basically a thick, wooden plank, worm-eaten at one end, with heavy encrustation holding white shell bits and eight clumps of coins onto one side and probably containing pieces of iron, as it is dark orange and cracking due to expansion, with a thin layer of lacquer on the surface for stability, among the most impressive artifacts from this highly promoted wreck, very eye-catching and substantial. (Pickup recommended, otherwise special shipping and handling fees will apply, and no international shipping available.) Estimate: $7,000-$10,000.

“Doll Wreck,” sunk in the late 1700s(?) in the Florida Keys

1832. Lot of 10 porcelain doll parts (some broken), probably British, in Riker box. Each piece up to 3”, the box 8” x 6-1/4”. This curious collection contains torsos, arms and legs of several different types of white porcelain dolls, one with some blue color and another with dark brown foot, some glazed, the identity of the wreck unknown but the site itself known among divers. With Frank and Daniel Sedwick certificate from 1995. Estimate: $100-$150.

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Non-Wreck ArtifactsArms/armor/militaria

Cannons

1833. Iron breech-loading swivel cannon (rare), English, 1500s-1600s, with wooden block mount. 80 lb, 50” long (cannon only). Impressive early piece with crude forged-iron design, the plain 3” muzzle with triangular sight (1-3/4” bore), followed by 5 reinforces and 2” trunnions with simple yoke, the open breech with rectangular holes in sides corresponding to an accompanying bar attached by chain, ending in a 14-inch, ball-tipped tiller, the entire surface dark brown (not rusty) and lightly corroded (probably salvaged at some point), the block mount a simple, dark-stained beam. Pedigreed to the Bonhams (Knightsbridge) auction of November 28, 2007 (lot 184). Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

1834. Bronze signal cannon with “sea dog” lifting handles, probably British, 1600s, with ornate mahogany stand. 47 lb, 27” long (cannon only). Attractively simple gun with tangential striations, 2-1/2” muzzle with 1” bore, short trunnions, raised touch-hole and 1-1/2” finial-like cascabel, but best feature is the lifting handles, which are clearly dogs and not dolphins, with light encrustation around the “dogs” but otherwise rather clean and darkly patinated from age, elegantly displayed on a hand-carved stand. Estimate: $4,000-$6,000.

1835. Bronze signal cannon, Dutch, ca. 1680, on wooden carriage. Approx. 40 lb total, 21” x 12” overall. Light bronze color with patina around details, with prominent “dolphin” lifting handles, trunnions, touch-hole and cascabel, 1” bore, maker’s mark at second reinforce showing a hunting horn below a ribbon, otherwise unembellished, the wooden-wheeled carriage a faithful reproduction and excellent display. Estimate: $3,500-$5,000.

Note: For lots 1833 through 1837, special handling and ship-ping charges will apply, and no international shipping is avail-able.)

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1836. Bronze lantaka cannon, Dutch/Indonesian, early 1800s. 44 lb, 37” long. A typical lantaka in shape and size but with highly embellished top (mostly crosses and flowers inside raised panels), the 8-pointed 4” muzzle with looped sight on top (1” bore), simple yoke capped onto trunnions, raised touch-hole with posts on sides, typical 5” tubular cascabel (wooden tiller missing), all strikingly patinated and even somewhat encrusted around details. Pedigreed to the Bonhams (San Francisco) auction of November 20, 2007, lot #3313. Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1837. Iron swivel deck-cannon, US or French naval, mid-1800s. 83 lb, 29” long. Short, heavy, thick-walled cast iron with characteristic “wraparound” behind the touch-hole to prevent bursting (a design typical of Civil War-era “Parrott rifles”), tapered muzzle with 1-3/4” bore, simple yoke, ball-type cascabel, small touch-hole in recessed area behind trunnions, two small holes on bottom and engraved anchor mark on top, number 191 stamped on chase, dark brown color (not rusty). Estimate: $2,000-$3,000.

1838. Bronze breech block, probably Spanish, 1700s. 29-1/4 lb, 9-1/2” long and 4” in diameter. In the days before canister shells, certain cannons were loaded by means of this tool (which looks like a small cannon), into which shot and powder were pre-packed and kept on hand, to be quickly inserted into the breech of the cannon and fired directly. This example has a simple 5” x 3” handle and tiny touch-hole near the flat bottom, which has a protrusion on side for locking, the whole surface lightly corroded and dark but slightly brassy in color. Estimate: $250-$375.

Cannonballs

1839. Small iron barshot with two balls connected by square-shank bar, 1700s. 5 lb, 11” long. Two crude balls with lateral pieces missing joined by a slightly bent, square-shanked bar, dark in color, solid and lacking rust but clearly damaged from salvage at some point. Pedigreed to the Henk L. Visser collection (Bonhams Knightsbridge, November 28, 2007). Estimate: $200-$300.

1840. Half of a large iron barshot with one large ball and square-shank bar, probably 1700s. 15 lb, 5” x 8”. Heavy and solid ball, with surface corrosion only (one big pit), dark with tinge of orange, with 1-1/4” bar protruding and ending cleanly, so possibly just made as a “half shot” and not broken from a two-ball barshot. Pedigreed to the Henk L. Visser collection (Bonhams Knightsbridge, November 28, 2007). Estimate: $150-$255.

1841. Half of a large iron barshot with one large ball and remains of a bar, probably 1700s. 19-1/2 lb, 5” x 7”. Heavy and solid ball, with surface corrosion only, dark with tinge of orange, with small stump of a bar protruding, possibly just made as a “half shot” and not broken from a two-ball barshot. Pedigreed to the Henk L. Visser collection (Bonhams Knightsbridge, November 28, 2007). Estimate: $125-$200.

1842. Small iron cannonball grenade, probably 1700s. 2 lb, 3” in diameter. Neat, well-preserved hollow ball with casting seam all around the middle meeting at a 1/2” hole, dark iron color, no rust or appreciable corrosion. Pedigreed to the Henk L. Visser collection (Bonhams Knightsbridge, November 28, 2007). Estimate: $150-$225.

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1843. Large iron cannonball, probably 1700s. 16 lb, 5” in diameter. Very heavy and solid ball with light surface corrosion, one minor hairline crack, dark color, no rust. Pedigreed to the Henk L. Visser collection (Bonhams Knightsbridge, November 28, 2007). Estimate: $100-$150.1844. Medium-large iron cannonball, probably 1700s. 10-1/2 lb, 4” in diameter. Solid and well-preserved ball with only light surface corrosion, no big pits or rust. Pedigreed to the Henk L. Visser collection (Bonhams Knightsbridge, November 28, 2007). Estimate: $100-$150.1845. Small iron cannonball, probably 1700s. 3-1/4 lb, 3” in diameter. Very smooth, well-preserved ball, totally uncorroded, very small rust spots but overall pristine. Pedigreed to the Henk L. Visser collection (Bonhams Knightsbridge, November 28, 2007). Estimate: $90-$135.1846. Iron “canister” shot, Civil War period (mid-1800s). 6 lb, 5” tall and 3-1/2” in diameter. Among the most effective anti-personnel ammunition during the Civil War was the “canister” shot, a cylindrical stack of about 28 small balls (grapeshot) with metal plates on either end, which, when shot from a cannon, would spread out and hit targets over a wide area. These items are rare today, especially more or less intact like this one, with smooth balls coated black to prevent rusting, also one of the round end-plates replaced with a wooden facsimile and used as a bookend. Pedigreed to our Auction #4 (lot 1060). Estimate: $500-$750.

Armor

1847. Steel cabasset, Spanish, ca. 1650. 3 lb, approx. 11” x 8” x 7”. A hand-forged Spanish helmet of classic form with ridged medial and “pear stalk” terminal, missing the internal liner band and rivets but otherwise intact, no exterior rust (few spots inside), scarce. Pedigreed to our Auction #3 (lot 1094). Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

Handarms 1848. Holy water sprinkler (long-handled morning-star), Bavarian, 1500s-1600s. 5 lb, 71” long. Basically a long, wooden club with short, square-shank spikes embedded near the top in four staggered rows of three (two missing), the opposite end of each spiking sticking out slightly on the other side, capped with a 9” steel spear tip, the metal aged but not rusty and the wood intact except for tiny worm-holes here and there and possibly a piece of the end broken off. (Special handling and shipping charges will apply, and no international shipping available.) Estimate: $400-$600.

1849. Holy water sprinkler (long-handled morning-star), Swiss, 1600s-1700s. 5 lb, 64-1/2” long. Just like the last lot (long wooden club with spikes near top) but slightly shorter, no spikes missing, and capped with a 7” spike, with faint L in white paint near the head that the consignor believes may stand for Luzern (Switzerland). (Special handling and shipping charges will apply, and no international shipping available.) Estimate: $400-$600.

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1850. Lot of two wooden pikes (long-handled spears), European, ca. 1750. 8 lb total, each about 91” long. Impressively long weapons with still-sharp steel points (triangular in cross-section), their two-leg mountings channel set with screws into long wooden poles, with similarly mounted steel grips at the other ends, one of the poles with choice dark patina but the other with breakage near the point just above a small, diamond-shaped brass plaque with the number 10. (Note: pickup recommended, otherwise special shipping and handling will apply, and no international shipping available.) Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1851. Small, French sailor’s knife with vellum scabbard, ivory handle with silver pique, ca. 1700, made for the Eastern trade. 131.7 grams, 11” long. Wonderfully well-preserved piece with inlaid dots of silver in crosshatch design below flower and other symbols on the glossy ivory handle, the still-sharp blade (curved and pointed) with floral engraving and stamping on one side, housed in a dark-tan animal-skin sheath with stitching on one side. According to the consignor, pieces like this were made by Europeans as a kind of ambassadorial gift for Turks and other Easterners. Estimate: $1,250-$2,000.

Firearms

1852. British flintlock blunderbuss, maker T(homas) Jackson (1736-66). 2650 grams, 31” long. Brass 16-1/8” barrel, six sided at breech, transitioning to flared round at muzzle, with hand-engraved scrollwork on top; brass furniture and butt-plate with light engraving; the lock itself in good working order and with maker’s name prominent; excellent wooden stock with glossy, dark mahogany color all over. A premium piece of unusually small size for a blunderbuss. Estimate: $2,500-$3,750.

1853. Ornate flintlock pistol, North African / Mediterranean, ca. 1750s. 1078 grams, 20” long. Round barrel with raised design and shield-shaped touch-mark on top; brass furniture with unusually protruding butt-plate and the sideplate crudely repaired in its time; simple trigger-guard and ramrod, both replacements; elegantly carved wooden stock; the lock itself in good working order. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

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1854. Ornate f lintlock pistol, European, ca. 1750s. 996 grams, 21” long. Long, round barrel with some scrollwork engraving, ornate steel sideplate, butt-cap and emblem, engraved trigger-guard with crude repair from its time, ornately carved wooden stock with ramrod receptacles but the ramrod itself a facsimile, the lock itself in good working order (with flint), overall well used and worn but with nice old patina. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1855. English flintlock pistol, ca. 1790. 1122 grams, 14-1/2” long. Plain design with short round barrel, simple brass furniture, replacement ramrod, dark patina, the lock intact but not fully functional, still nice for display. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

1856. Flintlock pistol, North African / Mediterranean, ca. 1790s. 834 grams, 14” long. Ornately engraved round barrel, plain brass furniture and steel butt-plate, the brass trigger-guard replaced and the stock sideplate repaired in its time, also replacement ramrod as usual, functional lock (but weak spring), somewhat crudely preserved overall (well used). Estimate: $400-$600.

1857. Lot of 2 English boxlock pistols, ca. 1820, unmatched but similar. 496 grams total, 8-1/2” and 7-1/2” long. Simple designs, the longer one with octagonal barrel but the shorter one round, both in good working order with nice steel color and light wood stocks, their small size useful for hiding in hand-warmers, hence their nickname “muff pistols.” Estimate: $700-$1,000.

Militaria

1858. Lot of 2 brass military uniform buttons for the Voluntarios of Puerto Rico (1880s). 5.8 grams total, 1” and 1/2” in diameter. A choice pair (rare in this condition), fully intact and brassy, each with clear wording that says VOLUNTARIOS / DE / PUERTO-RICO on front and P. FEU E HIJOS / MADRID Y BARCELONA on back around the loop, small but poignant reminders of an almost legendary Spanish royalist militia formed in 1812 to protect Puerto Rico from pirates and other enemies. Estimate: $250-$375.

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Miscellaneous

1859. Small iron “armada” chest with original key, Spanish or Portuguese, ca. 1650, found in the Bahamas, rare size. 49 lb, 17” x 9” x 8”. Nothing evokes treasure like a chest, and even though coins and the like were typically transported in simple wooden boxes, castles and manor houses generally had their valuables in strongboxes like this one (called “armada” chests due to their origination in the late 1500s), with false lock in front and functional lock (with original key) on top operating 4 bolts under the lid covered by a stylized plate, lightly green-painted interior, C-shaped handles on either side of the exterior, also with a steel bracket on the bottom attached to the interior with wingnuts (probably added later) to secure the box to the floor. This is the first chest we have seen of this handy size, perfect for holding a small treasure-coin collection on a desktop! Estimate: $5,000-$7,500.

1860. Large collection of iron keys from the Caribbean, 1700s-1800s, collected over two decades by Capt. Steve Shouppé, in framed-glass display-case. 49 lb, 54” x 30”. Iron keys were a major part of colonial life, as they were used to open chests, doors, jail cells, shackles—anything that locked, basically—and this collection covers just about every size, from about 2” to 8”, all but one with oval handles, the odd handle with a unique three-holed design. Every key here has been professionally conserved (black), only a few with surface corrosion, and tastefully arranged on a red-velvet pad inside wood-framed box with glass front in excellent condition. (Note: we recommend pickup in person, otherwise special shipping and handling fees will apply, and no international shipping available.) Housed in a huge wood-and-glass display on red velvet. Estimate: $2,500-up.

1861. Iron cresset (wharf light), early 1700s. 11-1/4 lb, 35” x 15”. Basically a cage-like basket on the end of an angled handle with socket at end, bracket at top for mounting, the basket made to contain various torch material for illumination or signaling. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

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1862. Long-handled woodworking axe (iron), European, 1800s. 834 grams, 32” long, the blade about 6” x 6”. Surprisingly light, flat and slightly curved wooden handle with copper grip near broken-off bottom, the blade of a distinctive shape and mostly silvery in color (just a little rust), neat old piece with the appearance of a sinister weapon. Pedigreed to the Bonhams (San Francisco) auction of November 20, 2007, lot #3148. Estimate: $200-$300.

1863. Small iron peat axe with long wooden handle (replaced), European, 1600s-1700s. 870 grams, 33” long, the blade about 6-1/2” x 5”. Heavy blade with straight top and curved bottom, lightly corroded but still mostly silvery in color, with straight, oval, black-wood handle that is true to the original, nice for display. Pedigreed to the Bonhams (San Francisco) auction of November 20, 2007, lot #3148. Estimate: $200-$300.

1864. Iron wood-working adze with wooden handle, European, 1500s-1700s. 1540 grams, 24-1/2” long, the blade about 9” x 2”. Heavy, wedge-shaped blade with lots of pits from wear and corrosion, the straight, round, wooden handle inserted through a hole in the iron, overall well used and aged but intact and neat to look at. Pedigreed to the Bonhams (San Francisco) auction of November 20, 2007, lot #3148. Estimate: $200-$300.

1865. Branding iron for monogrammed “JP” mark, British, 1600s. 766 grams, 18” long. If your initials are JP, then you need this piece to mark your cattle! The iron is solid and not rusty, with twisted square shank terminating in a wrapped-cylindrical socket at top (for inserting a pole), clearly old in design but still perfectly functional. Estimate: $80-$120.

1866. Large lignum vitae deadeye from an unidentified shipwreck of the 1700s. 2294 grams, 7” in diameter and 4” thick. Of the various parts of the rigging of a wooden sailing ship, perhaps the most recognizable is the deadeye, with three worn holes in middle perpendicular to the groove around the perimeter, the present specimen fully intact and heavy, great for a nautical display. Estimate: $100-$150.

1867. British sailmaker’s scissors, probably 1700s. 251 grams, 9-1/2” long. Fully intact and functional, with one blade pointed and the other blunt, small “broad arrow” mark above numeral I below central pin, dark steel-gray color (no rust). Estimate: $70-$100.

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1868. Lot of 3 large, wood ships’ wheels, probably late 1800s to early 1900s. 105 lb total, each, 37” to 43” in diameter. A nice set of three different sizes, but all quite sizable and good for display, each with great patina and no damage apart from normal wear and tear, the design of all three consisting of eight spokes held together with bolted metal plates in center and wooden arcs at ends (also with metal plates) that terminate in rounded grips. Estimate: $1,000-$1,500.

1869. Huge pewter “bishop’s hat” charger (wide-rimmed plate), late 1600s, with unidentified maker’s mark. 7 lb, 2 oz, 19” in diameter. This has got to be the biggest plate we’ve ever seen! The slightly raised rim measures 5” wide, leaving a relatively small 8-1/2” center, all very smooth and nearly glossy, with triangular maker’s mark in center of rim (this mark being the origin of the piece’s nickname), a little wavy overall but completely intact and impressively large. Estimate: $400-$600.

1 8 7 0 . L a r g e s t o n e w a r e “bellarmine” jug, probably German, 1500s-1600s. 12 lb, 17”

tall and 10” at its widest. This is the biggest and most intact bellarmine

we have ever offered, with handle, lip and surfaces all complete and attractive, the “grotesque face” emblem at neck also well detailed and intact, no chips or cracks anywhere. Estimate: $800-$1,200.

1871. Earthenware “olive” jar, probably Spanish, 1600s, with iron stand. 22 lb, 21” tall and 13” at its widest (jar only). A wonderfully large, intact amphora with clean, white surfaces all over, the lip at top with tiny (old) chips and with hairline fracture near the rounded bottom of the jar but otherwise perfect, attractively displayed on a 13”, 3-leg stand. (Due to fragility, we recommend pickup only, otherwise special shipping and handling fees will apply.) Estimate: $500-$750.

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1872. Small terra cotta bottle, Spanish, early 1700s or earlier. 399 grams, 6-1/2” tall and 2-3/4” in diameter at its widest. Unique shape with rolled lip and ridge on neck before the near-horizontal shoulder, also with slightly flared base, the surfaces half gray and half brown, as the glaze was protected on the buried side, a few small chips here and there but essentially intact, probably rare and important for bottle enthusiasts. Found in the St. Johns River near St. Augustine, Florida (inked onto bottom). Estimate: $400-$600.

1873. English “black” glass horse-hoof onion bottle, ca. 1720s-1740s. 1085 grams, 6-3/4” tall and 5” in diameter at its widest. A crude (slightly leaning) but heavy and intact bottle with no cracks or stars but the lip repaired, wide pontil, the neck slightly twisted (as made). Found in the 1960s in the James River, Virginia. Estimate: $100-$150.

1874. Bronze religious medallion of the virgin Santa Rosa de Lima, ca. 1720s. 38x35mm; 15.4 grams. A well-preserved oval Jesuit medallion of substantial size, fully intact, with Santa Rosa de Lima on one side (legend S.ROSA.VIRGO / LIMEN.) and Santo Ignacio de Loyola on the other (legend S.IGN. / D.LOY.S.J), all lightly worn but with nicely contrasting toning against light copper fields. Santa Rosa de Lima (born in 1586) was considered the first American saint. Estimate: $150-$224.

1875. Bronze religious medallion, Sts. Anna and Joachim, ca. 1700s-1800s (Rome). 40x36.5mm; 26.5 grams. Very high-relief and top-grade oval medallion of substantial size, with Saints Anna and Joachim on one side (legend S ANNA E / IOACHIN, exergue ROMA), Holy Trinity on other side (Father and Holy Spirit crowning Jesus in center), darkly toned and with light surface corrosion (possibly salvaged) and with top loop slightly bent (with tiny jump-ring), but no wear at all. Anna and Joachim were the parents of the Virgin Mary. Estimate: $90-$135.

1876. Lot of two lead seals with readable design, European, 1600s. 29.9 grams total, each about 1-1/2”. Typical seals for bales of cloth and other goods, these examples intact but with lots of tan sediment covering their designs (crossed keys and rampant lion on one, small crowned shield on the other). From a Spanish colonial area in the southern Caribbean. Estimate: $70-$100.

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Auction #13 (spring, 2013).

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Natural history

1877. Complete trilobite fossil in matrix, from Morocco, approx. 250-500 million years old. 1106 grams, roughly 6-1/2” x 4-1/2” x 3”. Typically dark-gray specimen with all details complete, including shell and eyes, laid out flat (not curved or balled up), and a decent size that is big enough to be impressive without taking up too much space. Estimate: $70-$100.1878. Fossil fish from Brazil, probably Santana formation (approx. 100 million years old). 806 grams, roughly 8” x 5-1/2” x

1-1/2”. Near-complete fossil, with scales and bones and all, on a smooth gray matrix, curiously curved, great for display. Estimate: $100-$150.1879. Fossilized triceratops rib segment from Hell Creek formation, Harden Co., South Dakota, approx. 65-146 million years old. 392 grams, roughly 9” x 5” x 2”. A flat, light-brown bone with cracks, its shape somewhat like a foot in profile but positively identified and somewhat rare. Estimate: $200-$300.

1880. Fossilized dinosaur tooth (mosasaur) with root in matrix (repaired), from Khouribgha, Morocco, approx. 65-146 million years old. 480 grams, roughly 6-1/2” x 3” x 3”. A somewhat shark-like brown tooth with broken-off tip and small pieces of the dentin missing, but with full, long (white) root protruding from the side of concrete-like sandstone, with a space carved out from the matrix behind the root to show its other side, repaired crack visible on the front. Estimate: $70-$100.1881. Medium megalodon (shark) tooth, from the coast of South Carolina, approx. 25 million years old. 113 grams, 4”. A large and completely intact specimen, no chips or breaks except for a natural fissure at top and maybe a slight blunting at the tip, nice gray color, popular fossil collectible. Estimate: $100-$150.1882. Lot of 3 palm-sized sea urchin fossils, approx. 20-30 million years old. 365 grams total, up to 3” each. With the appearance of white biscuits with star-shapes on top, all intact but one with hairline crack (repaired), somewhat similar to modern urchins but dense as rocks. Estimate: $60-$90.1883. Lot of 2 tiny sea urchin fossils (irregular echinoids, species Lovenia forbesi), from Beaumaris, Victoria, Australia, approx. 20-30 million years old. 30 grams total, each about 1” in diameter. Curiously heart-shaped critters with star design in center, a bit different from the sea urchins and sand dollars we see today, fully intact and solid, light tan in color. Estimate: $50-$75.1884. Lot of 7 pieces of amber with small insects inside, found in the Dominican Republic (approx. 20 to 30 million years old). 49 grams total, approx. 1-1/4” to 2-1/4” each. Four big pieces and three smaller chunks, all nicely polished and opaque, most with tiny insects and other debris preserved inside. Estimate: $150-$225.1885. Fossilized cave bear jaw segment with two molars, approx. 200,000 to 20,000 years old. 312 grams, roughly 9” x 6” x 3”. Impressively recognizable back half of a jaw (the front broken away) with two fully intact and glossy white-brown teeth, great for display and somewhat rare (usually only the teeth are found). Estimate: $250-$375.

360

Modern

1886. Parker 75 fountain pen made in 1965 from 1715-Fleet silver, in original presentation box, with matching mechanical pencil. 6-5/8” x 3-3/4” x 1-1/2” (in box). As mentioned in his book Pieces of Eight, Kip Wagner’s Real Eight Co. was badly in need of money when investor Ken Parker came forward with the idea to melt down 4,000 oz. of silver cobs from the 1715 Fleet and turn them into popular fountain pens (limited to 4,821 units) to sell at $75 each (triple the normal retail price for their pens), a small fortune in 1965 for anyone but wealthy executives. But it is not just the pen that makes these collectibles valuable: You have to have the whole package, with the box and certificates and booklets, and this offering has it all, including the green-felt pouch that is often missing. The pen itself shows the normal Parker 75 crosshatch pattern on the outside but with the all-important “SPANISH TREASURE FLEET - 1715” embossed around the center and also with the oM mintmark for Mexico and the Mexican eagle in the gold accents at either end. Also included with this set is a pencil from the same series but without the Fleet- silver wording and Mexican symbols, as well as a replacement ink cartridge. (For more information, go to the website http://www.parker75.com.) With hinged box that shows a map on top, a diagram of a galleon inside, inspection certificate/guarantee #85699, small booklet, and a notarized certificate signed by Kip Wagner. Estimate: $700-$1,000.

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Notes

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Notes