Transportation of biogenic Transportation of biogenic magnetic nanoparticles magnetic nanoparticles

from prey bacteriafrom prey bacteria

08/03/0508/03/05

ANIL SINDHURAKARANIL SINDHURAKAR

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRYDEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

A Brief OverviewA Brief Overview

Research HypothesisResearch Hypothesis

Experimental Tool: Atomic Force Experimental Tool: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)Microscopy (AFM)

The magnetic bacteria The magnetic bacteria Magnetospirillum magnetotacticumMagnetospirillum magnetotacticum MS- MS-1 (prey)1 (prey)

The predator bacteria The predator bacteria Bdellovibrio Bdellovibrio bacteriovorusbacteriovorus 109J 109J

Experimental ProceduresExperimental Procedures

Experimental ResultsExperimental Results

Importance and SignificanceImportance and Significance

Research HypothesisResearch Hypothesis

Magnetic bacteria MS-1 will Magnetic bacteria MS-1 will be preyed upon by predator be preyed upon by predator bacteria 109 J bacteria 109 J

109 J will transport biogenic 109 J will transport biogenic magnetic nanoparticles from magnetic nanoparticles from MS-1 MS-1

Atomic Force Microscopy Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)(AFM)

Provides topographical Provides topographical images of the sample being images of the sample being studied (analogous to studied (analogous to Braille) Braille)

Usually operates on three Usually operates on three modes: Contact, Non-modes: Contact, Non-Contact and Tapping ModeContact and Tapping Mode

The sample need not be The sample need not be conductive and there is no conductive and there is no need to modify the sampleneed to modify the sample

AFM Contd….AFM Contd….

Interatomic force vs. distance curve

Magnetospirillum Magnetospirillum magnetotacticummagnetotacticum MS-1 MS-1

Obligately Obligately microaerophillic gram microaerophillic gram negative bacterianegative bacteria

Optimum temperature Optimum temperature about 30about 30ooCC

Capable of Capable of biomineralizationbiomineralization

Synthesize nanometer Synthesize nanometer scale minerals called scale minerals called magnetosomesmagnetosomes

Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum MS-1 bacteria under optical microscope (100X )

MagnetosomesMagnetosomes

These crystals are These crystals are deposits of magnetite deposits of magnetite (Fe(Fe33OO44))

Forms a linear chain of Forms a linear chain of 10-20 crystals10-20 crystals

Each crystal ranges Each crystal ranges from 35-120 nm in from 35-120 nm in diameterdiameter

Helps create magnetic Helps create magnetic dipoles strong enough dipoles strong enough to render geo-to render geo-magnetotaxismagnetotaxisDEVOUARD ET AL.: BACTERIAL MAGNETITE

Magnetosomes Magnetosomes contd….contd….

AFM Image: magnetosomesAFM Image: magnetosomes

Size: 3umX3um

Bdellovibrio Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus bacteriovorus 109 J109 J

Gram-negative, predatory Gram-negative, predatory and obligately aerobic and obligately aerobic bacteriabacteria

Optimal temperature 28-Optimal temperature 28-3030ooCC

Once inside the prey, forms Once inside the prey, forms a swollen structure known a swollen structure known as bdelloplast as bdelloplast

109 J can grow on wide 109 J can grow on wide range of gram negative range of gram negative bacteria including the bacteria including the genera genera SpirillumSpirillum

Source: Laurel Cosby (http://commtechlab.msu.edu)

Bdellovibrio Contd….Bdellovibrio Contd….

Source: <http://www.sju.edu/biology/jtudorwebImage1.jpg>

Experimental Experimental ProcedureProcedure

Grow DH5Grow DH5αα on micro- on micro-pore filter pore filter

Add 109 J on DH5Add 109 J on DH5αα layerlayer

Add MS-1 to the Add MS-1 to the growing layer of 109 Jgrowing layer of 109 J

AFM and optical AFM and optical microscopymicroscopy

Courtesy: Jaclyn Schmitt ‘08

Experimental ResultsExperimental Results

DH5DH5αα on small pore on small pore filterfilter

Size: (10umX10 um)Size: (10umX10 um)

Experimental Results Experimental Results Contd…Contd…

109 J with the bdelloplasts (arrow)

Size (10umX10um)

Experimental Results Experimental Results Contd…Contd…

109 J completely taking over DH5DH5αα

Size: 10 um X 10 umSize: 10 um X 10 um

Experimental Results Experimental Results Contd…Contd…

MS-1 bacteria on filter

Size: (10umX10um)

109 J on filter

Size: (10umX10um)

0.2 µm millipore filter

Experimental Results Experimental Results Contd…Contd…

AFM Image: 109 J & MS-1 on filter paper

Project Significance & Project Significance & Possible ApplicationsPossible Applications

Novel method of nanoparticle trasportationNovel method of nanoparticle trasportation

Production of carbon nanotubesProduction of carbon nanotubes

http://http://virag.elte.hu/~kurti/rollup.htmlvirag.elte.hu/~kurti/rollup.html

Magnetic tagging of biochemicals for Magnetic tagging of biochemicals for medical purposesmedical purposes

Better knowledge of bacterial predation at Better knowledge of bacterial predation at hydrated –air-solid interface hydrated –air-solid interface

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Dr. Eileen M. SpainDr. Eileen M. Spain Dr. Megan Nuñez, Mount Holyoke CollegeDr. Megan Nuñez, Mount Holyoke College Dr. Mark O. Martin, University of Puget SoundDr. Mark O. Martin, University of Puget Sound Howard Hughes Medical InstituteHoward Hughes Medical Institute Camille & Henry Dreyfus FoundationCamille & Henry Dreyfus Foundation Undergraduate Research Center, Occidental Undergraduate Research Center, Occidental

CollegeCollege Department of Chemistry, Occidental CollegeDepartment of Chemistry, Occidental College Laboratory Colleague: Jaclyn Schmitt ’08Laboratory Colleague: Jaclyn Schmitt ’08