Transportation and Energy

Michael D. Meyer, P.E.Director and Professor, Georgia Transportation

Institute

• Transportation as a consumer

• Us versus Them

• Potential impacts of different strategies

• Transportation and land use

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 1933-45: 1939 presidentially appointed National Resources Planning Board recommended support of research to promote "efficiency, economy, and shifts in demand to low-grade fuels” and that a “national energy resources policy” should be prepared that to look beyond policy directed at specific fuels.”

Truman, Harry, 1945-53. 1950-52 presidentially appointed Materials Policy Commission (known as the Paley Commission after its Chairman William S. Paley) concluded that the U.S. did not possess all material and mineral resources necessary and called for an assessment and scientific plan for utilization of natural resources.

Eisenhower, Dwight, 1953-61. 1955 Report from the Cabinet Advisory Committee on Energy Supplies and Resources Policy.

Kennedy, John F., 1961-63. 1961 National Fuels and Energy Study (commissioned by the U.S. Senate).

Johnson, Lyndon, 1963-69. 1964 “Resources Policies for a Great Society Report to the President by the Task Force on Natural Resources.”

National Energy Policies: 1933-1969

Nixon, Richard, 1969-74. 1974 “Project Independence Blueprint.”

Ford, Gerald, 1974-77. 1975 Energy Resources Council report reflected in the President’s omnibus proposal, “The Energy Independence Act of 1975.”

Carter, Jimmy, 1977-81. 1977 “National Energy Plan.”

Reagan, Ronald, 1981-89. 1987 “Energy Security” report.

Bush, George H.W., 1989-93. 1991 “National Energy Strategy.”

Clinton, William J., 1993-2001. 1997 President’s Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology, “Federal Energy R&D for the Challenges of the 21st Century.”

Bush, George, 2001-present. 2001 Report of the National Energy Policy Development Group, “Reliable, Affordable, and Environmentally Sound Energy for America’s Future.”

Post Oil Embargo National Energy Policies

Changing priorities of energy policy

Energy policy is largely a derivative policy with its roots in economic, national security, and environmental policies with shifting priorities among those policies:

• 1960s: Economic, Environment, Security• 1970s: Environment, Economic, Security• 1980s: Economic, Security, Environment, • 1990s: Environment, Security, Economic • Current (?): Security, Economic, Environment

Autos , 32.5%

Buses, 0.7%

Rail Passenger, 0.3%

Water Recreational, 0.7%

Air, 7.8%Light Trucks, 24.2%

Medium/Heavy Trucks, 18.0%

Water Freight, 2.9%

Rail Freight, 1.9%

Pipeline, 3.4%

Off-Highway, 7.7%

Source: Based on Oak Ridge National Laboratory Transportation Energy Data book Edition 2006. Based on Figures in Table 2.4

U.S. Transportation Energy Use in 2003 by Mode

Vehicle Ownership in Selected Countries (2003)

Source: H. Gruenspecht, EIA and EIA/OECD, 2006

“A Thousand new cars per dayin Beijing”

Walk and animal-drawn transportation

Animal-drawn mass transit lines Powered mass transit lines

High-speed, longer distance transit linesMotorized vehicles with ubiquitous accessibility

Original central city

Fuel Economy Values of a 2010 Model-Year Midsize Car from PSAT Simulations

http://www.transportation.anl.gov/research/hybrids/PSAT-PRO.html

http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/data/vehicles.html

Growth in U.S.HEV Sales: Up from 17 vehicles sold in 1999 To 2.4% of light duty vehicle sales in 2008.*

* c.312,000/c.13,000,000

* http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/aeo/MT_transportationdemand.cfm

Annual Energy Outlook 2011*

Some Ways Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs) Are Expected To Become More Efficient

* http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/aeo/MT_transportationdemand.cfm

www.pi.energy.gov/documents/Sperling_EV_China_09-09.pdf

www.pi.energy.gov/documents/Sperling_EV_China_09-09.pdf

The Rise of Hybrid-Electric Drive Vehicles (HEVs)

The program even analyzes the owner's driving style and calculates the driving range accordingly. For peace of mind, a trip planner will calculate if the car has enough of a charge to run all the errands a driver plans, and locate nearby public charging stations. Another feature, known as "value charging," programs the vehicle to charge during less-expensive, off-peak hours, if the owner wants. The app will alert the owner if charging is interrupted, and it can perform other handy tasks such as unlocking the car remotely, or preheating it on a cold day from the grid at the same time it is charging, to avoiding drawing on the battery. Initially, the MyFord Mobile app will be available for BlackBerry, Android and Apple iPhone devices.

"Ford is not just a car company," said Derrick Kuzak, head of global product development. "We are a technology company." From The Detroit News:

“ Computers on Wheels”Ford to unveil phone app for electric cars (Nov 2010)

Today electric cars have to be plugged into a charger, but the electric vehicle industry is looking to implement the magnetic chargers soon. Scientists hope that one day you would be able to re-charge an electric car by just merging into a charging lane. "This represents the next step in technology to enable wireless charging. Throwing a mat down in the floor of your garage, driving your car over it, and wirelessly charging it.”

ORNL scientists using magnets to recharge electric cars  Nov 30, 2010  (WBIR)

Relationship

Transportation begets land use begets transportation begets land use begets transportation begets land use…

You get the picture