Makazhanova Aida Chief Expert of Kyoto protocol Department

The Ministry of Environmental protection The Republic of Kazakhstan

E-mail: makazhanova@eco.gov.kz

Transition to Low-carbon economy in Kazakhstan: experience and

lessons learned

• 1995 - Law of Kazakhstan about ratification of UNFCCC

• 1999 – Law of Kazakhstan about signature of Kyoto Protocol to UNFCCC

• 2009- Law of Kazakhstan about ratification of Kyoto Protocol

Kazakhstan is a Party to Annex I of the UNFCCC for the purposes of the Kyoto Protocol

GHG emissions in Kazakhstan :1990 - 378 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent 2009 – 275 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent 15, 6 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent per capita

Carbon intensity of GDP:1,838.2 tons equivalent CO2e/1000 $.High energy products

Voluntary commitments to reduce GHG emissions relative to base year:

- 15% by 2020- 25% by 2050

Legal framework

• Law «About support for renewable energy»

• Draft law «About energy efficiency and energy safety»

• Draft law «About amendments and addenda to some legislative acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Environmental Affairs»

Program «Zhasyl damu» for 2010 – 2014»

Aim: Creating the conditions for the conservation and restoration of natural ecosystems

Task: Developing «green economy»Actions:- Introduction clean technology - Creating the system of recourse safety

Low Carbon-transition plan of Kazakhstan

According to jointly project «Strengthening the capacity in the field of sustainable development through integration of climate change issues into strategic planning in the Republic of Kazakhstan» MEP and UNDP was developed The Plan of transition to low carbon development in the Republic of Kazakhstan up to 2050

The report of Nicholas Stern :

Long-term forecast of GHG emissions in Kazakhstan million tonnes of CO2 equivalent

Commitments 15-25%, as shown by the model, provided the

implementation of measures aimed at improving energy efficiency and

involvement of renewable energy resource in the energy balance of the

country

Priority areas for the transition to a low carbon development:

• Increasing energy efficiency• Development of renewable energy through the

using of hydro and wind energy, biomass, solar and geothermal energy

• Regulation of national GHG emissions through a national trading market for GHG emissions;

• Informing the public

Mechanisms for implementation of Plan For supporting of renewable energy resource

• Subsidizing the development of renewable energy;

• Guaranteeing the tariff for the purchase of energy from renewable sources;

• Development of industry machinery;• State support for research and development;

Creating of internal cap-and-trade system

Aim - encouragement of business to reduce emissions and to cover a portion of their expenditures on environmental protection measuresExperience -Europe, U.S., Japan2008-GHG inventory, base year for componies 2010 - all businesses pass certificationThese certification will form the basis of the initial distribution of quotas on GHG emissions.

Thank you for your attention!