Transition to a low carbon economy: the case of Croatia in cultural heritage

Transition to a low carbon economy: the case of Croatia in cultural heritage

UNESCO School in South East EuropeSustainable energy governance in

UNESCO World Heritage Sites

Dubrovnik, Croatia 29 September – 4 October 2013

Low-emission Development Strategy(LEDS)

1. Framework for the Low-emission Development Strategy of Croatia until 2050

2. Low-emission Development Strategy of Croatia

Framework defines:• Goals• Vision• Priorities• Instruments• Strategy development process• Indicators


Strategy potential:• Investments• Industrial sector growth• New business development• Competitive economy• New jobs

LEDS include:• Kyoto Protocol, EU 20-20-20• Preliminary EU goal for 2030• Framework for Low Carbon Development (2050)


Uncertanties:• Economic crisis• Global impact of shale gas• Commercialization of CCS technologies• Nuclear energy utilization• Development of new technologies


RESPONSIBLE INSTITUTIONMinistry of Enviornment and Nature Protection

NATIONAL COMITEE FOR MITIGATION ON CLIMATE

CHANGE

EXTERNAL EXPERTISE

MEDIA AND PUBLIC

EXPERTS, INSTITUTES, FACULTIES, NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS

TECHNICAL AND LOGISTIC SUPPORT

United Nations Development Programme in

Croatia (UNDP)

CO2 emission by source (Croatia)

Energy

Industry (energy)

Transport

Households services

Agriculture

Industrial process

Other


Consultations• First workshop• Sectoral workshops• Literature and expert discussions• Second workshop

Analysis• Sector analysis• Scenario projections• Multicriterial analysis• Evaluation of instruments

Framework for the Low-emission Development Strategy

Ministry of Environmental and Nature Protection

Action plan for air protection, ozone layer and mitigation of climate change

Sectoral workshops (LEDS)

•Team work•GHG reduction•SWOT analysis•Measures•Priorities•Financial models

Sectoral workshops (LEDS)

•Costs•GHG reduction potential•New jobs•Cost-benefit•Impact on health•Impact for rural development

Measure analysis

Croatia with “Scenario –80%” (2050)

2030 2050

% %

Energy facilities -58 -92

Industry -43 -83

Transport 20 -54

Households and services -37 -88

Agriculture -36 -42

Other -72 -70

Total -38 -76

Croatia with “Scenario –80%” (2050)

Instruments

• Legislation• Standards• Emission Trading Scheme• Subsidies• Education and promotion• Free market• Instutuional framework for inter-sectoral sinergy

Conclusion (LEDS)

• Goals can be met by using existing and predictable new technologies

• Significant changes in all sectors are needed• Instruments have to be numerous• Political will is essential• Behavior change is foundation for success

Heritage buildings in CroatiaNational Energy Efficiency Programme• 10,000 facilities in registry• Energy Management Information System• 14,000 public servants educated

Heritage buildings in Croatia• 15% of all public buildings is protected heritage building• 23% is located in protected area• Energy consumption: 229 mil. kWh/year• GHG emission: 67,500 tCO2/year • Energy costs: 14 mil EUR/year

Heritage buildings in CroatiaRealized measures (House in Order):• Energy audits for 28 protected heritage buildings

(potential savings 200,000 EUR/year)• Education for more than 14,000 public servants• Free EE measures in 14 heritage buildings –savings

80,000 EUR/year • EE measures in 17 heritage buildings – savings 50,000

EUR/year + further potential of 20,000 EUR/year• Smart metering in 20 heritage buildings for live tracking

of energy consumption

Heritage buildings in Croatia

Potential measures (House in Order):

• Switch to natural gas or RES (55% of heritage buildings have >15 year old boiler)

• Water saving equipment – only 11% of heritage buildings have some water saving equipment

• Lighting – 23% of heritage buildings have incandescent bulbs in majority

• Thermal isolation on roof – 82% of heritage buildings don’t have thermal isolation on roof


Mary’s palace Lužnica

• Geothermal energy (heat pumps)• Energy savings 259,776 kWh/year• Cost 200,000 EUR

Heritage buildings in CroatiaInitiative “Croatian castles”

Castles of North-western Croatia (300)• 12% in excelent condition• 43% in good condition• 45% in poor condition

Heritage buildings in CroatiaInitiative “Croatian castles”

• Enhance cooperation between stakeholders (NGOs, government, owners, investors...)

• Finding models for revitalization of castles (EU funds)


French pavilion, Zagreb

After reconstruction: - savings 327,000 kWh/year


City walls lighting, Dubrovnik

• After reconstruction: savings 397,320 kWh/year and 47,400 EUR/year (80% reduction)


Vitić’s skyscraper, Zagreb

• Poor condition, lack of maintenance• Current state: 182 kWh/m2 (E)• Optimal reconstruction: 74 kWh/m2 (C) = 60% reduction• Full-scale reconstruction: 47 kWh/m2 (B) = 75% reduction


Elementary school Marin Getaldić, Dubrovnik

• Electricity used for heating (120,000 kWh/year)• Suggested: heat pump heating• Result: 4 times less electricity consumption, investment costs

17,000 EUR, return on investment in less than 3 years

The best way to predict future is to create it

Peter F. Druckerfounder of modern management

Thank you!Mislav Kirac

[email protected]

Marino Grozdek, Leon Lepoša, Izvještaj o provedenom energetskom pregledu objekta: OSNOVNA ŠKOLA MARINA GETALDIĆA, Dubrovnik

References

Energy audits and energy certification of residential building Laginjina 9, Zagreb (Vitić skyscraper), Planetaris Ltd 2013

Provedba mjera energetske učinkovitosti u Zagrebačkoj županiji, www.zagrebacka-zupanija.hr

Marko Križanec, Marko Bačić, “Lighting of protected historical city centres”

Movie:http://dotsub.com/view/cfccb28e-00ae-4e0f-8c46-e040bc737c08

Transition to a low carbon economy: the case of Croatia in cultural heritage

Education

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