TRANSFORMERMONITORING

Integrated Solutions.Christian Buchner AREA SALES MANAGER NORTHERN EUROPE

Product facts ISM-solutionsI Key features & current projects

Monitoring of power transformersI ISM-solutions monitoring package

The approach for fleet monitoringI Communication concept & example project information

Requirements for todays power transformers in Smart GridI safe & reliable

I cost reduction & reduction of maintanence costs

I controlled overload capability

I long lifetime (extention)

safe and profitable

SMART GRID

Product facts ISM-solutionsI Key features & current projects

Monitoring of power transformersI ISM-solutions monitoring package

The approach for fleet monitoringI Communication concept & example project information

How to achive thisI life cycle management

I intelligent data management

I asset management and risk management

I load profiles and load forecasting

online and realtime monitoring system

SMART GRID

PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT

Information and communication technologyCornerstones

I CRM, customer relationship management

I HCM, health care managementI SCM, supply chain management

I ERP, enterprise resource planning

data acquisitionanalogue, digitalexisting sensors

retrofit of new sensors

aggregation and storage of data

interpretation of datalimit values

eventsrecommendationmaintenance,…

visualizationwebserver

communicationIEC61850, 104, DNP3,…

controle.g. AVR, cooling control

INTELLIGENT DATA MANAGEMENT

ASSET MANAGEMENT

Equipmentcondition

time

new condition

failure level

ageing factors degradation of equipment condition

100 %

0

consequently we need a monitoring system, indicating the condition of the asset.

Maintenance Strategies: instead of time based … instead of falilure based …

in order to use the assets at their maximum we should go towards condition based.

RISK MANAGEMENT

Risk Management Aspects in terms of Transformer Monitoring

Risk reduction

Minimizing of negative effects or probabilities of risk

Acceptance of potential consequences on particular risk

Risk evaluation

Composite Risk Index CRI = I x P

(Composite Risk Index = Impact of Risk event x Probability of Occurrence)

TRANSFORMER FAILURES

Winding 34%

Other 19.5%

Tank 21%Core 5%

OLTC 26%

Bushing 20%

Includes multiple answers

MONITORING POWER TRANSFORMERS

Transformer temperature and ageing

Source: IEC 60076-6

Hotspot Temperature °C

Relative aging rate

80 0,125

86 0,25

92 0,5

98 1,0

104 2,0

110 4,0

116 8,0

122 16,0

128 32,0

134 64

140 128

The hot-spot temperature is equal to the sum of the ambient temperature, the top-oil temperaturerise in the tank, and the temperature difference between the hot-spot and top-oil in the tank.

aging rate factor ( 0 < λ < 1(ς) )

MONITORING POWER TRANSFORMERS

Gas characteristics at insulating failure

Source: IEC 60076-6

Top Oil Temperature

Lifetime0% humidity

Lifetime2% humidity

80°C 118 years 5,7 years

90°C 38 years 1,9 years

98°C 15 years 0,8 years

Influence of humidity to transformer aging rate

transformer life health index

MONITORING POWER TRANSFORMERS

DGA - Gas characteristics at insulating failure

Source: Duval

~24h

I Hydrogen (H2)I Oxygen(O2)I Methane (CH4)I Carbon Monoxide (CO)I Carbon Dioxide (CO2)I Ethane (C2H6)I Ethylene (C2H4)I Acetylene (C2H2)I TDCGI Load guide

Key gases I Hydrogen (H2)I Carbon Monoxide (CO)I Ethylene (C2H4)I Acetylene (C2H2)

Failures I low energy H2, CH4, C2H6, CO, CO2.I high temperature C2H4I very high temperature/energy C2H2

MONITORING OLTC

While talking about Transformer Monitoring, it must be

remembered, that OLTC is a high complex part of a Power Transformer.

One major aspect when talking about Risk of failure of an OLTC is the maintenance strategy.

Equipment condition

time in years*

new condition

stress level

100% degradation

ageing factors degradation of equipment condition

actual condition

preventive

condition based

100 %

7 12-15

*(resp. No. of operations)

0

FUNCTIONS:

OLTC monitoringI Contact wear and carbonization, operation counter,

operation statistics, maintenance intervalsI Motor-drive supervision (tap position indication, motor-

runtime, motor protective switch)

GeneralI Digital nameplate for the transformer, OLTC & MDUI Communication protocol IEC61850I Flexible visualization via integrated web browser

Transformer monitoringI Measurement of temperatures (ambient, top-

oil, hotspot)I 3-phase voltage and current measurement,

calculation of power and cos phi I Thermal transformer monitoring (hot-spot

calculation, relative aging rate calculation) I Gas in oil monitoring: DGA supervision for 2

fault gases (CO & H2) and moisture in oilI Status information about transformer

protection systems

MONITORING OLTC

ISM ® – SOLUTIONS / -TECHNOLOGY TESSA® FLEET MONITORING TESSA®

SUBSTATION

limit value

gas-in-oil – content (e.g. CO)

time0 ppm

1500 ppm

ISM ® – SOLUTIONS / -TECHNOLOGY FLEET MONITORING TESSA®

ANALYSIS OF TRENDSI unexpected deviation between similar transformer-values-types

transformer

transformer transformer

TESSA® ac

tivates

alarm

temperature in °C

time0

130

ISM ® – SOLUTIONS / -TECHNOLOGY FLEET MONITORING TESSA®

ANALYSIS TEMPERATURESI unexpected deviation between identical transformers

transformer transformer

transformer

TESSA® ac

tivates

alarm

load in %

time0

100

ISM ® – SOLUTIONS / -TECHNOLOGY FLEET MONITORING TESSA®

ANALYSIS LOAD SHARING SUBSTATIONSI unexpected load share between substations

substation

substation

substation

ISM ® – SOLUTIONS / -TECHNOLOGY FLEET MONITORING TESSA®

EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION I signalization of events and trends within the TESSA®-system

I sending of emails and / or SMS...

I regional different service-groups will be contacted depending of affected region

I component-specific different service-instances will be contacted depending of affected components

with monitoringwithout

Purchasing 1. Maintenance 2. Maintenance 3. Maintenance 4. Maintenance date

Costs

Time

Cost savings with optimal utilization

COMPARISON COSTS IN MAINTENANCE

1. Maintenance 2. Maintenance

LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT

Scotish Power Energy Networks

Reduce costs through increase system efficency and lower network invests

Invest744 Mio. £

Savings50 Mio. £ per 100MW investment4 Mio. £ per annual operational savings

Source: LCNI conference 2014

Christian BuchnerMASCHINENFABRIK REINHAUSEN GMBH- Power Transmission / Automation & Control - - Area Sales Manager Northern Europe -Falkensteinstr. 8, 93059 Regensburg Phone: (+49) 941 4090 7910Mobil: (+49) 941 4090 87910Fax: (+49) 941 4090-7901Email c.buchner@reinhausen.comInternet www.reinhausen.com