Transformational Leadership Theory

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Transformational Leadership Theory Creating high-performance workforce has become increasingly important and to do so business leaders must be able to inspire organizational members to go beyond their task requirements. As a result, new concepts of leadership have emerged - transformational leadership being one of them. Transformational leadership may be found at all levels of the organization: teams, departments, divisions, and organization as a whole. Such leaders are visionary, inspiring, daring, risk-takers, and thoughtful thinkers. They have a charismatic appeal. But charisma alone is insufficient for changing the way an organization operates. For bringing major changes, transformational leaders must exhibit the following four factors: Figure 1: Model of Transformational Leadership Inspirational Motivation: The foundation of transformational leadership is the promotion of consistent vision, mission, and a set of values to the members. Their vision is so compelling that they know what they want from every interaction. Transformational leaders guide followers by providing them with a sense of meaning and challenge. They

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Transcript of Transformational Leadership Theory

Page 1: Transformational Leadership Theory

Transformational Leadership Theory

Creating high-performance workforce has become increasingly important and to do so business leaders must be able to inspire organizational members to go beyond their task requirements. As a result, new concepts of leadership have emerged - transformational leadership being one of them.

Transformational leadership may be found at all levels of the organization: teams, departments, divisions, and organization as a whole. Such leaders are visionary, inspiring, daring, risk-takers, and thoughtful thinkers. They have a charismatic appeal. But charisma alone is insufficient for changing the way an organization operates. For bringing major changes, transformational leaders must exhibit the following four factors:

Figure 1: Model of Transformational Leadership

Inspirational Motivation: The foundation of transformational leadership is the promotion of consistent vision, mission, and a set of values to the members. Their vision is so compelling that they know what they want from every interaction. Transformational leaders guide followers by providing them with a sense of meaning and challenge. They work enthusiastically and optimistically to foster the spirit of teamwork and commitment.

Intellectual Stimulation: Such leaders encourage their followers to be innovative and creative. They encourage new ideas from their followers and never criticize them publicly for the mistakes committed by them. The leaders focus on the “what” in problems and do not focus on the blaming part of it. They have no hesitation in discarding an old practice set by them if it is found ineffective.

Idealized Influence: They believe in the philosophy that a leader can influence followers only when he practices what he preaches. The leaders act as role models that followers seek to emulate. Such leaders always win the trust and respect of their followers through their action. They typically place their followers needs over their own, sacrifice their personal gains for them, ad demonstrate high standards of ethical conduct. The use of power by such leaders is aimed at influencing them to strive for the common goals of the

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organization.

Individualized Consideration: Leaders act as mentors to their followers and reward them for creativity and innovation. The followers are treated differently according to their talents and knowledge. They are empowered to make decisions and are always provided with the needed support to implement their decisions.

The common examples of transformational leaders are Mahatma Gandhi and Obama.

Criticisms of Transformational Leadership Theory

Transformational leadership makes use of impression management and therefore lends itself to amoral self promotion by leaders

The theory is very difficult to e trained or taught because it is a combination of many leadership theories.

Followers might be manipulated by leaders and there are chances that they lose more than they gain.

Implications of Transformational Leadership Theory

The current environment characterized by uncertainty, global turbulence, and organizational instability calls for transformational leadership to prevail at all levels of the organization. The followers of such leaders demonstrate high levels of job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and engage in organizational citizenship behaviors. With such a devoted workforce, it will definitely be useful to consider making efforts towards developing ways of transforming organization through leadership.

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Teori Kepemimpinan Transformasional

Menciptakan kinerja tinggi tenaga kerja telah menjadi semakin penting dan untuk melakukannya pemimpin bisnis harus mampu menginspirasi anggota organisasi untuk melampaui persyaratan tugas mereka. Akibatnya, konsep kepemimpinan baru telah muncul - kepemimpinan transformasional menjadi salah satunya.

Kepemimpinan transformasional dapat ditemukan pada semua tingkat organisasi: tim, Departemen, divisi, dan organisasi secara keseluruhan. Pemimpin seperti yang visioner, inspiratif, berani, berani mengambil resiko, dan pemikir bijaksana. Mereka memiliki daya tarik karismatik. Tapi karisma saja tidak cukup untuk mengubah cara organisasi beroperasi. Untuk membawa perubahan besar, pemimpin transformasional harus menunjukkan empat faktor berikut:

Gambar 1: Model Kepemimpinan Transformasional

Motivasi Inspiratif: Landasan kepemimpinan transformasional adalah promosi yang konsisten visi, misi, dan satu set nilai-nilai kepada anggota. Visi mereka sangat menarik bahwa mereka tahu apa yang mereka inginkan dari setiap interaksi. Pemimpin transformasional membimbing pengikut dengan menyediakan rasa makna dan tantangan. Mereka bekerja dengan antusias dan optimis untuk menumbuhkan semangat kerja tim dan komitmen.Stimulasi intelektual: Pemimpin seperti mendorong pengikut mereka untuk menjadi inovatif dan kreatif. Mereka mendorong ide-ide baru dari para pengikut mereka dan tidak pernah mengkritik mereka secara terbuka untuk kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh mereka. Para pemimpin fokus pada "apa" dalam masalah dan tidak fokus pada bagian menyalahkan itu. Mereka tidak ragu-ragu membuang praktek lama yang ditetapkan oleh mereka jika ditemukan tidak efektif.Pengaruh ideal: Mereka percaya pada filosofi bahwa seorang pemimpin dapat mempengaruhi pengikutnya hanya ketika pemimpin mempraktekan apa yang dia katakan. Para pemimpin bertindak sebagai role-model bagi pengikutnya. Pemimpin seperti selalu memenangkan kepercayaan dan rasa hormat dari para pengikut mereka melalui tindakan mereka. Mereka biasanya menempatkan pengikut mereka membutuhkan lebih dari mereka sendiri, mengorbankan kepentingan pribadi mereka untuk pengikutnya. Penggunaan kekuasaan oleh pemimpin tersebut ditujukan untuk mempengaruhi mereka untuk berjuang untuk tujuan umum organisasi.Pertimbangan Individual: Pemimpin bertindak sebagai mentor bagi pengikut mereka dan menghargai pengikutnya atas kreativitas dan inovasinya. Para pengikut diperlakukan berbeda sesuai dengan bakat dan pengetahuan mereka. Mereka diberdayakan untuk membuat keputusan dan selalu memberikan dukungan yang diperlukan untuk melaksanakan keputusan tersebut.

Satu contoh umum dari pemimpin transformasional adalah Mahatma Gandhi dan Obama.

Kritik terhadap Teori Kepemimpinan Transformasional

Kepemimpinan transformasional memanfaatkan pengelolaan kesan sehingga cocok untuk promosi diri amoral oleh para pemimpin

Teori ini sangat sulit untuk dilatih atau diajarkan karena merupakan kombinasi dari banyak teori-teori kepemimpinan.

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Pengikut mungkin dimanipulasi oleh para pemimpin dan ada kemungkinan bahwa mereka kehilangan lebih dari yang mereka peroleh.

Implikasi Teori Kepemimpinan Transformasional

Lingkungan saat ini ditandai dengan ketidakpastian, gejolak global, serta ketidakstabilan organisasi panggilan untuk kepemimpinan transformasional untuk menang di semua tingkat organisasi. Para pengikut pemimpin tersebut menunjukkan tingginya tingkat kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organisasi, dan terlibat dalam perilaku warga organisasi. Dengan tenaga kerja yang setia, itu pasti akan berguna untuk mempertimbangkan melakukan upaya untuk mengembangkan cara-cara untuk mengubah organisasi melalui kepemimpinan.

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