Transformation of well-being
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Transcript of Transformation of well-being
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Silent transformation of everyday well-being:
New challenge to value creation in public services
Timo Hämäläinen, Ph.D.
European Policy Centre, 29th June 2010
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© Sitra 2009
10/04/2023
Agenda
1. Public policy discussion focuses on instrumental themes
2. Our materialistic definition of well-being is outdated (”silent transformation”)
3. ”Problem of choice” in everyday life4. New pressures on mental health and well-being5. Well-being and value creation6. Call for a sustainable well-being society
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© Sitra 2009 3
Instrumental objectives dominate policy discussions
Economy(crisis, globalization,
com-petitiveness, efficiency, productivity,
growth)
Welfare state(public finances,
reorganizing services, social security, equality)
Lähde: Habermas (1987, Vol. 2)
Everyday well-being??(subjective well-being?, happiness?, good life?)
Adapted from: Habermas (1987, Vol. 2)
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© Sitra 2009
Key drivers of subjective well-being
RESOURCES AND CAPABILITIES - Income & wealth - Knowledge & skills - Physical & mental health - Social capital - Information - Time - Political power - Natural resources
MASLOWIAN NEEDS- Self-actualization- Self- and social- esteem- Love and belonging- Security- Physiological needs (thirst, hunger,…)
MEANINGFULNESS- Exceeding self-interest- Serving others- Higher purpose
EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES AND ROLES- Worker- Consumer- Family member- Relative- Friend- Hobbyist- Citizen
SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING
ENVIRONMENT- Natural environment- Infrastructure- Technologies- Organizations- Demographics- Culture (values & norms,
activities)- Institutions (laws & regulations)- Politics- Economy- Labor markets- Media
MENTAL COHERENCE- Comprehensibility of life- Manageability of life
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© Sitra 2009
”Problem of choice” in everyday life
Increasing:• uncertainty in decision making due to transformation and
complexity• resources & capabilities (income, wealth, health, info,
knowledge)• satisfaction of basic (material) needs• freedoms (deregulation & normlessness)• personal & resource mobility• market supply & marketing pressure • hurry (time remains fixed: 24/7) Growing:
problems in decision making preference for individual choice (individualism) selfishness (due to normlessness) conformomity to market and peer pressures short-termism and lack of loyalty in social relationships
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© Sitra 2009
Hectic life in affluent society
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EMPLOYEE- Task 1- Task 2- Task 3- etc.
FAMILYMEMBER
FRIEND
CONSUMER
CITIZEN
RELATIVE
HOBBYIST 1
HOBBYIST 2
Synergies andconflicts
Different:- Purposes- Practices- Contexts- Cognitive frames- Languages- Norms
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© Sitra 2009
Crisis and opportunity
Source: O’Hara (2008)
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”Problem of choice” and higher needs
Social relationships and social needs • Love and belonging • Social esteem vs. individualism, selfishness, short-termism• Self-actualization (hurry), lack of
loyalty
Purpose and meaning in life vs. individualism, selfishness, market pressures, specialization &
complexity
Mental coherence • Comprehensibility vs. uncertainty, complexity, decision• Manageability making problems, short-termism (hurry),
competing loyalties
10/04/2023
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© Sitra 2009
Antonovsky’s sense of coherence (SOC)
Increasing uncertainty& complexity
Problemof choice
Individualism,normlessness,selfishness,consumerism,materialism &instrumentalism
Comprehensibility
Manageability
Meaninglessness
Sense ofcoherence
Mental health,subjectivewell-being(QoL)
Sources: Aaron Antonovsky (1987); Lindström & Erickson (2005)
Source: Aaron Antonovsky
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© Sitra 2009
Sense of coherence, mental health and well-being“The [empirical] evidence shows that SOC is strongly and negatively related to anxiety, burnout, demoralization, depression and hopelessness, and positively with hardiness, mastery, optimism, self-esteem, good perceived health, quality of life and well-being.”
Source: Bengt Lindstrom & Monica Eriksson (2005): “The Salutogenic Perspective and Mental Health”, in Promoting Mental Health, WHO)
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Increasing mental problems and sickness pensions
Health Illness
grey area
Sense ofcoherence
Pressures ofworking life
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© Sitra 2009
Value stems from well-being• Consumption value (economics, psychology)
- From consuming goods and services (incl. nurturing & protection)
- Meets physiological (personal gratification, pleasure) and security needs (Maslow)• Social value (anthropology, psychology)
- From creating a meaningful difference in a particular context by acting and participating in a shared community (e.g. sports fans, associations, internet communities, clans, citizens)
- Meets love & belonging & self- and social esteem needs (Maslow)• Identity value (sociology, psychology, marketing)
- From developing one’s capabilities, individualized consumption (e.g. brands)
- From personally experiencing (owning, participating, visiting) unique activities, objects, events or places (e.g. personal gifts, heirlooms, concerts, championships) ”experience economy”
- Meets self-actualization (identity building) needs (Maslow)• Ethical value (sociology, psychology)
- From good and proper behavior, serving others
- Meets the need for a meaningful and purposeful life (Frankl)• Mental value (psychology, sociology)
- From ”slow life”, meditation, hiking, gardening (natural environment), ”homing”, etc. thru improvements in comprehensibility and manageability of life (mental coherence) ”Support economy” (personally tailored services), household services (’outsourcing’)
”peace of mind” and ”balanced life” (’sense of coherence’, ’cognitive consonance’)
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© Sitra 2009
Deriving value from well-being
RESOURCES AND CAPABILITIES - Income level - Knowledge & skills - Physical & mental health - Social capital - Information - Time - Political power - Natural resources
MASLOWIAN NEEDS- Self-actualization- Self- and social- esteem- Love and belonging- Security- Physiological needs (thirst, hunger,…)
MEANINGFULNESS- Exceeding self-interest- Serving others- Higher purpose
EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES AND ROLES- Worker- Consumer- Family member- Relative- Friend- Hobbyist- Citizen
ENVIRONMENT- Natural environment- Technologies- Demographics- Culture (values and norms)- Institutions (laws and regulations)- Politics- Economy- Working life- Media
MENTAL COHERENCE- Comprehensibility of life- Manageability of life
Consumption value
Social value
Identity value
Ethical value
Mental value
Current consumptiongoods & services
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Why do we need a deeper understanding of everyday life and well-being?
• It will help people to live more balanced and better lives
• It will guide firms to develop products and services which provide more value to users improved competitiveness
• It will improve the capability of public sector organizations to offer services with better value to citizens improved effectiveness & productivity
• It will aid policy makers in developing better public goods and institutions that deliver more public value
• An updated and sophisticated understanding of well-being provides and overall vision for the development of a new and sustainable socio-economic model.
10/04/2023
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Europe could lead in the road to a sustainable well-being society
Economy(value-added, compe-titiveness, efficiency, productivity, growth)
Public sector(public value, efficiency, renewal capacity, social
security, equality)
Lähde: Habermas (1987, Vol. 2)
Everyday well-being(subjective well-being, happiness, good life)
Adapted from: Habermas (1987, Vol. 2)Environment
Environment
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