Tran Dinh hieu The student PhD, Vietnam

THE COLONIAL VILLA IN VIETNAM(The suitability of colonial villa on condition that: the culture and the nature) * General history of colonial Architecture style in VietnamThe history of colonial architecture style* The basic particularity of colonial villa in VietnamThe colonial villa in local of FranceThe colonial villa was Neoclassicism* The colonial villa in the presentThe taste and necessitude of peoples in present

Tran Dinh hieuThe student PhD, Vietnam

GENERAL HISTORY OF COLONAIL ARCHITECTURE STYLE IN VIETNAM Periods of Dong Duong is French domination (1885 – 1945)

The history of French Architecture in Vietnam was developed past period three:

+ From 1860 to before 1900 yearFrom 1860 to 1880 was that period of Navigation Architecture and Architecture for Military.Until before 1900 year, the architecture of this period was colonial Architecture style from England and another Colonial Country, principal Architecture was Dome Architecture and to put together simply. After then, the Architecture style was stable, Architecture style imported from original Architectural of France (Neoclassicism Architecture style).+ From 1900 to 1920 year, had a lot of the House constructed in this period, and the houses designed on model from region three (Northern, Centre, Southern) of France.+ From 1920 to 1940 year, almost the buildings were Oriental Architectural style, these was new style of Architecture of French Architect designed.

THE BASIC PARTICULARITY OF COLONIAL VILLA IN VIETNAM

The colonial villa in local of France

•* The villa style of North and Northwest of France (Normandie and Bretagne region)

•* The villa style of the centre of France (Parisienne region)

•* The villa style of the South of France and Mediterranean



•* The villa style of North and Northwest of France (Normandie and Bretagne region) have:

•- The system of roof was polyhedral and had big slope, •- The large roof protruded outside wall, •- The console system (the console by wood),•- The chimney was structural could not missing on the roof, •- The balconies and the windows were high and narrow, the doors and the windows use arch was simple.

The villa style of North and Northwest of France (Normandie and Bretagne region)

The polyhedral roof

High chimney



•* The villa style of the centre of France (Parisienne region) have:

•- The system of roof was medium slope, but its had the system border, - The consoles were euphuistic decoration,•- The consoles had elaborate sculpture and to connected distinction together, •- The system of windows and balconies were main component of the facades,•- The roofs were gore of facades •- The block was square, it was like as a small tower (tearoom for meeting) and it has increased the beauty for house.

The villa style of the centre of France (Parisienne region)The block was square, it was like as a small tower (tearoom for meeting)

the consoles had elaborate sculpture and to connected distinction together

The system of windows and balconies were main component of the facades

The villa style of the centre of France (Parisienne region)

the roofs were gore of facades

Big balcony and the bancony roof



•* The villa style of the South of France and Mediterranean had climate was better temperateness of France, so it have:

•- The system of roof was small slope and the chimneys were short,•- The particularity of Mediterranean style was openness of the entrance door•- The system of windows and balconies had expanded to the width•- The verandas were large and to combined with the columns•- The system of the motifs had unified on all most the structions of house, to support the garden-frame

The villa style of the South of France and Mediterranean

The chimney is short

The system of windows and balconies had expanded to the width

The system of the motifs had unified


Neoclassicism villa at the period of colonial France

•* The villa was rationalistic neoclassicism

•* The villa was rationalistic pure neoclassicism

•* The villa was rationalistic imperial neoclassicism



• * The villa was rationalistic neoclassicism:•- The particularity by to maked the ordinance of block was simplistic and absolute symmetric•- The central block protruded forward of the facades, have balcony and many motifs in the main entrance door, with the aim was grand •- The system of windows and doors were squareness and two side of the door and the windows had classic metric columns supported the small cornice•- To the horizontal way of each floor had insisted on the system of the edge and small console supported the roof.

The villa was rationalistic neoclassicism

The central block protruded forward of the facades

The system of windows and doors were squareness and classic metric columns supported the small cornice



*The villa was rationalistic pure neoclassicism:- The typical character has insisted in the central block was a high block and it had the donjon on top and it also was final block of the house, the donjon has the roof was domical architecture and its has decorated motifs with the leaves- The system of the doors and windows were euphuistic, the main door has arch, the windows divided two part by the classic metric column, on top the windows were motif of acr or triangle. - Its also had the system of the edge and small console supported the roof.

The villa was rationalistic pure neoclassicism

the donjon on top and the donjon has the roof is domical architecture

the windows divided two part by the classic metric column

the windows are motif of acr or triangle.



*The villa was rationalistic imperial neoclassicism:- Specifically, the villa was multifarious motifs.- These villas had insisted the decoration: on the windows, the stairs, the banconies and the walls. - To the horizontal way of each floor had insisted on the system of the edge combined with to decorated balconies with the motifs, small console supported the roof and border of roofs were strong protruding- The system of windows and doors had designed a lot of the dimentions, the big windows divided three part by metric columns, around of the windows and doors had decorated small columns, bas-relief of human face and motifs of leavesThe villa was Schnneider in the area of Chu Van An, Hanoi school could companed with the villas in Torino, Italia (the final of 19th century).

The villa was rationalistic imperial neoclassicism

the windows and doors had decorated small columns, bas-relief of human face and motifs of leaves

the big windows divided three part by metric columns

small console supported the roof and border of roofs were strong protruding

THE COLONIAL VILLA IN THE PRESENT

However, the demand for domainal construction in the centre of big citys of Vietnam was high, but all most the villas had aesthetic value about the architecture had conserved.At the present, the peoples had appreciated used value and aesthetic value of colonial villa. So, when do are they built new house, the peoples often want contiguity (thinking) to colonial architecture.

Website: http://digilander.libero.it/hieuchi/index.html

THE CONCLUSION:

When did villas began in Vietnam, out of the dominant element and to forced the architectural style on Vietnamese architecture, had the cultural element and natural element also helped the French architects had decided to chosen the villas style in the regions of France were suitable character for Vietnamese conditional, so, until today, its has abided for today and these villas had a architectural value was typical and to contributed a part of ancient architecture in Vietnam.

Website: http://digilander.libero.it/hieuchi

Tran Dinh hieu The student PhD, Vietnam

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