ABSTRACT

ON

“TRAFFIC LIGHT PRIORITY CONTROL FOR

EMERGENCY VEHICLES”

Submitted by

K.TRIVENI REDDY (08QG1A0457)

T.MOUNIKA (08QG1A0420)

TRAFFIC LIGHT PRIORITY CONTROL FOR

EMERGENCY VEHICLES

INTRODUCTION:

Emergency Vehicle is one of the rescue resources in a city. It is

important to ensure safe and rapid emergency operations in case of emergency calls. This

paper presents a signal priority control strategy for emergency vehicle operations in urban

roads. The preset plans are discussed first to provide an optimal route considering the

one-way coordinated signal setting, which focuses on the green time and offset

probability dispersion. A VISSIM simulation example explains the selection of routes.

The simulation result shows the travel time improvement of the coordinated control. The

on-line actuated signal control is then put forward in order to adjust the real time signal

setting to deal with the perturbation of traffic conditions. The priority control strategy

suggests a route selection and signal setting method in the context of emergency vehicle

operation.

Emergency vehicles, such as ambulances, fire engines, police cars,

engineering rescue vehicles, are one very important rescue resources in a city. The

management and control strategy for emergency vehicle operations holds a significant

position in the transportation management system, especially in a big city with complex

traffic networks. The key issue is to clear or opportunely manage the traffic on the route

the emergency vehicle passes as soon as possible, thus ensuring that it safely and rapidly

reach the destination.

Most of the relevant researches on emergency travelling focus on dispatching and routing

models for the optimal route, signal settings and evaluation of priority strategies. Some

research works are carried out on algorithms to determine the static shortest route under

different scenarios like fire fighting, supply of aid materials [1, 2]. Some focus on

developing flexible dispatching strategies under real-time traffic conditions, searching for

the time-dependent shortest path [3, 4]. The dispatching strategies do not take into

account the control settings explicitly.

NEED&IMPORTANCE:

The aim of the project is to build the traffic light priority

control for emergency vehicle. We have a very high traffic in main cities due to waste

increasing of automobiles. When emergency vehicles are not having a possibility to go

through this heavy traffic. Due to lagging of this time so many losses are occurred. So, to

overcome this problem we need this project.

In this project we place a RF receiver for each one of the traffic lights. RF is having

the frequency of 434 MHz for transmission and reception. The emergency vehicle having

the RF transmitter, which is continuously emitting the signals i.e. in ON state. When the

emergency vehicle is reached nearer to the junction means near to the traffic lights, the

signals are cached by the receiver presented at the traffic light. Normally in heavy traffic

conditions suppose it gives the priority of 5 seconds for each direction to the junction.

But, when this signal is reached, at that direction only it will give the priority of 10

seconds. Thus the higher priority is given to the emergency vehicles. The microcontroller

is used to control all these operations.

By using this project we can save the time and make the actions of the emergency

vehicles are to be fast. We use this system for emergency vehicles like fire engine,

ambulance etc.

ADVANTAGES:

Improved response time/travel times for emergency, rail, waterway, and

other preempting vehicles.

Improved safety and reliability for vehicles receiving preemption right of

way (e.g. emergency vehicles, trains, and boats).

Improved safety and clarity of right of way for other roadway users (i.e.

avoids drivers having to yield right-of-way on their own without

prompting from traffic control for an emergency vehicle or etc.).

The nature of signal preemption varies greatly in its application, e.g.

heavy rail crossings near a signalized intersection must be approached

differently than providing preemption for emergency vehicles. Further

references should be consulted beyond the general overview presented

here to fully understand the various complexities associated with signal

preemption. Two such resources are the National Cooperative Highway

Research Program (NCHRP) Report 3-66, Traffic Signal State Transition

Logic Using Enhanced Sensor Information, which describes preemption

and advanced preemption due to heavy rail and light rail vehicles (4), and

Traffic Signal Preemption for Emergency Vehicles, A Cross-Cutting

Study by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the National

Highway Traffic Safety Administration (5).

METHODOLOGY:

SOFTWARE TOOLS USED:

1) Keil Compiler

2) Express PCB/ORCAD

HARDWARE TOOLS:

1) Micro controller.

2) RF transmitter, RF Receiver.

3) Power Supply 5V.

1) Decoder, Encoder.

4) LCD.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Micro Controller

Power Supply

(5V)

LCD

Traffic SignalsDecoder

RF Receiver

Micro Controller

Encoder RF

Transmitter

Power Supply

(5V)

REFENCES:

1. Jiping Zhu, Yonghua Gou, Guangxuan Liao. (2002). Optimal Path of Dispatch in

Urban Fire Fighting. FIRE SAFETY SCIENCE, Vol 11(4), pp.201-206.

2. Ali Haghani, Huijun Hu, Qiang Tian. (2003). An Optimization Model for Real-time

Emergency Vehicle Dispatching and Routing, TRB Annual Meeting, Transportation

Research Board, Washington，D.C. 2003.

3. Saini Yang, Masoud hanmedi, Ali Haghani. (2003). an on-line Emergency Vehicle

Dispatching and Routing Model with Area Coverage Constraints, TRB Annual

Meeting，Transportation Research Board，Washington，D.C.，2005.

4. Vincent, R. A., B. R. Cooper, and K. Wood. (1978). Bus-Actuated Signal Control at

Isolated Intersections-Simulation Studies of Bus Priority. Transport and Road Research

Laboratory Report 814, Crow Thorne, U.K., 1978.