Traffic Flow Nora Shora Laura Tatsch. Traffic Flow Exploring dynamic vs. static toll pricing in a...
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Transcript of Traffic Flow Nora Shora Laura Tatsch. Traffic Flow Exploring dynamic vs. static toll pricing in a...
Traffic Flow
Nora Shora
Laura Tatsch
Traffic Flow
Exploring dynamic vs. static toll pricing
in a traffic
network simulation model
Presentation Overview
• Background
• Problem
• How we did it
• Results
• Conclusion
• Recommendations
Background
• Traffic congestion in major cities worldwide
• Capacity-limited transportation network
• All of the following increase due to traffic:Travel timeNumber of stopsTravel costsDelaysAir pollutionAccidentsNoise level
Problem
• Initially
Examine how dynamic toll pricing will affect the flow of traffic of a Knoxville, TN simulation model.
Examine how multiple organizations controlling the toll booths in a city would affect traffic flow.
• Realistically
Examine the effects of dynamic vs. static toll pricing in the network simulation model of Knoxville, TN
How We Did It
• Acquired simulation code and downloaded JBuilder
• New Direction of Problem• Modified Code• Found freeway arcs and demographic
zones• Added code to apply tolls on some
freeway arcs• Added time and cost weights to each of
the 9 zones
How We Did It
• Acquired simulation code and downloaded JBuilder
• New Direction of Problem• Modified Code• Found freeway arcs and demographic
zones• Added code to apply tolls on some
freeway arcs• Added time and cost weights to each of
the 9 zones
Blah blah
How We Did It
• Acquired simulation code and downloaded JBuilder
• New Direction of Problem• Modified Code• Found freeway arcs and demographic
zones• Added code to apply tolls on some
freeway arcs• Added time and cost weights to each of
the 9 zones
How We Did It
//BEGINNING OF PRICING OF ARCS //TOP Freeway // pricing scheme for link 396 - 428 if(this.getUpstreamIntersection().getIntersectionName().equalsIgnoreCase("n396")
&& this.getDownstreamIntersection().getIntersectionName().equalsIgnoreCase("n428")){
if( Master.timeNow <= 60){ travelCostCar = travelCostCar + (new Float(150)).floatValue()/100 ; } else if(Master.timeNow > 60 && Master.timeNow > 90){ travelCostCar = travelCostCar + (new Float(150)).floatValue()/100 ; } else if(Master.timeNow > 90 && Master.timeNow > 120){ travelCostCar = travelCostCar + (new Float(150)).floatValue()/100 ; } else if(Master.timeNow > 120 && Master.timeNow > 180){ travelCostCar = travelCostCar + (new Float(150)).floatValue()/100 ; } else if(Master.timeNow > 180 && Master.timeNow > 210){ travelCostCar = travelCostCar + (new Float(150)).floatValue()/100 ; }
How We Did It
• Acquired simulation code and downloaded JBuilder
• New Direction of Problem• Modified Code• Found freeway arcs and demographic
zones• Added code to apply tolls on some
freeway arcs• Added time and cost weights to each of
the 9 zones
How We Did It
Zone Data===========ZoneKeyID: 1Centroid: 93CarOwnershipPercent: 100BikeOwnershipPercent: 50ActivityPercents: 100 0 0travelTimeWeight: 90travelCostWeight: 10travelDistanceWeight: 1waitingTimeWeight: 1walkingDistanceWeight: 1comfortWeight: 1safetyWeight: 1transferWeight: 1
How We Did It
• Ran simulation with various static tolls• Added demand between zone 3 and
zone 1 and ran simulation with static and dynamic tolls
• Changed demand to be from zones 8 to 1 and 1 to 8
• Ran simulation again with static and dynamic toll prices with new demand
• Analyzed the results
How We Did It
• Demand Data• ===========• StartInterval: 0 EndInterval: 300 Multiplier: 8• From/To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9• 1 24 15 13 13 13 12 14 200 13• 2 42 15 13 14 13 13 12 12 13• 3 29 15 14 14 12 14 12 12 12• 4 23 14 16 12 13 12 13 13 13• 5 23 13 15 13 13 14 15 12 14• 6 29 13 15 13 12 13 14 13 14• 7 23 14 14 13 14 13 12 14 14• 8 200 15 14 13 13 13 13 13 12• 9 21 13 13 14 13 13 13 12 11
How We Did It
• Ran simulation with various static tolls• Added demand between zone 3 and
zone 1 and ran simulation with static and dynamic tolls
• Changed demand to be from zones 8 to 1 and 1 to 8
• Ran simulation again with static and dynamic toll prices with new demand
• Analyzed the results
Results
Static Pricing with Demand from Zone 3 to Zone 1 - Times
40
60
80
Toll Price (in Hundredths of a Dollar)
Ave
rag
e T
ime
(in
M
inu
tes)
Avg. Travel Time 73.66 73.42 74.46 74.1 74.05 75.86 73.7
Avg. Stop Time 43.88 43.11 44.64 43.12 44.35 45.45 43.26
0.1 1 50 60 80 110 150
Static Pricing with Demand from Zone 3 to Zone 1 - Distances
14.24
14.26
14.28
14.3
14.32
14.34
Toll Price (in Hundredths of a Dollar)
Ave
rag
e D
ista
nce
(in
M
iles
)
Avg. Distance 14.299 14.286 14.302 14.273 14.333 14.276 14.297
0.1 1 50 60 80 110 150
Dynamic Pricing with Demand from Zone 3 to Zone 1 - Times
40
60
80
Toll Price (in Hundredths of a Dollar)
Ave
rag
e T
ime
(in
M
inu
tes)
Avg. Travel Time 73.37861 73.17501 72.99491 73.88271 74.87621
Avg. Stop Time 42.97316 41.95131 42.79571 43.6482 44.18357
50 60 80 110 150
Dynamic Pricing with Demand from Zone 3 to Zone 1 - Distances
14.2414.26
14.2814.3
14.32
14.3414.36
Toll Price (in Hundredths of a Dollar)
Ave
rag
e D
ista
nce
(in
M
iles
)
Avg. Distance 14.33687 14.27729 14.30664 14.32155 14.33778
50 60 80 110 150
Results
Static v. Dynamic Toll Pricing with Demand from Zone 3 to Zone 1 - Avg. Travel Time
70
75
80
Toll Price (Static) or Starting Toll Price (Dynamic) in Hundredths of a Dollar
Avg
erag
e T
ime
(in
M
inu
tes)
Static 74.45962 74.09804 74.048225 75.85853 73.70354
Dynamic 73.37861 73.17501 72.99491 73.882706 74.876205
50 60 80 110 150
Static v. Dynamic Toll Pricing with Demand from Zone 3 to Zone 1 - Avg. Stop Time
40
45
50
Toll Price (Static) or Starting Toll Price (Dynamic) in Hundredths of a Dollar
Ave
rag
e T
ime
(in
M
inu
tes)
Static 44.643955 43.118484 44.3483 45.45195 43.26306
Dynamic 42.973156 41.951313 42.79571 43.648197 44.183567
50 60 80 110 150
Static v. Dynamic Toll Pricing with Demand from Zone 3 to Zone 1 - Avg. Distance
14.2
14.3
14.4
Toll Price (Static) or Starting Toll Price (Dynamic) in Hundredths of a Dollar
Ave
rag
e D
ista
nce
(in
M
iles
)
Static 14.301645 14.272886 14.332648 14.276271 14.29702
Dynamic 14.336871 14.277291 14.30664 14.321548 14.337778
50 60 80 110 150
Results
Static v. Dynamic with Demand from Zone 8 to Zone 1 and Zone 1 to Zone 8 - Avg. Travel Time
55
57
59
Toll Price (Static) or Beginning Toll Price (Dynamic) in Hundredths of a Dollar
Ave
rag
e T
ime
(in
M
inu
tes)
Static 57.790466 55.90356 56.88374 57.196926 56.685547
Dynamic 57.343204 56.042953 56.369823 57.17043 57.499012
50 60 80 110 150
Static v. Dynamic Toll Pricing with Demand from Zone 8 to Zone 1 and Zone 1 to Zone 8 - Avg. Stop Time
25
26
27
28
Toll Price (Static) or Beginning Toll Price (Dynamic) in Hundredths of a Dollar
Ave
rag
e T
ime
(in
M
inu
tes)
Static 27.445251 26.664 27.504284 27.358969 26.977139
Dynamic 27.817442 26.307384 26.665627 27.304375 27.795376
50 60 80 110 150
Static v. Dynamic Toll Pricing with Demand from Zone 8 to Zone 1 - Avg. Distance
15.6
15.8
Toll Price (Static) or Beginning Toll Price (Dynamic) in Hundredths of a Dollar
Ave
rag
e D
ista
nce
(in
M
iles
)
Static 15.654643 15.634582 15.640053 15.682791 15.689431
Dynamic 15.634582 15.654067 15.686482 15.666563 15.733408
50 60 80 110 150
Conclusion
• Increase in toll prices did not change average travel and stop times
• Dynamic vs. static pricingDynamic helped reduce average travel and stop
times when compared to static pricingDynamic pricing has this effect up to a specific initial
toll price
Recommendations
• More simulation runs should be completed for more complete results
• Larger and smaller increases in tolls Increase by 20 per time segment Increase by 50 per time segment
• Different time segments
• Look at different organizational objectives