Traffic Control

Traffic Management

Japan telecommunications Engineering and Consulting Service

Traffic Management

Contents

1 　 General 1.1 　 Outline of Traffic Management 1.2 　 Traffic Type 1.3 　 Call in the Network

2 　 Outline of Call Completion Ratio (CCR) 2.1 　 CCR in foreign countries 2.2 　 CCR in Aden City

3 　 Traffic Report Publication 3.1 　 Present state 3.2 　 Proposed contents of Monthly Traffic Report

4 　 Proposal on Monthly Meeting on Traffic Report

Traffic Management


1.1 Outline of Traffic Management

(1) Traffic type to be managed - Originating outgoing traffic - Internal traffic - Incoming external terminating traffic - Transit traffic

(2) Traffic measurement and analysis - Traffic by traffic type in each exchange - Traffic on route - Call Completion Ratio(CCR) by traffic type in each exchange

(3) Purpose of traffic management - Increase of customers’ satisfaction - Efficient use of telecommunications network resources - Contribution to future telecommunications network development

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1 　 General

Traffic Management


ORG

TE

OEX

IEX

INT TRA

ORGOEX

IEXTE

1.2 Traffic Type

- ORG(Originating Call) is the call that originates in the observed exchange.- IEX(Incoming Call) is the call that originates in the other exchange.- TE(Terminating Call) is the call that terminates in the observed exchange.- INT(Internal Call) is the call that originates and terminates in the other exchange.- OEX(Outgoing External Call) is the call that terminates in the other exchange.- TRA(Transit Call) is the call that originates and terminates in the other exchange.- ORGOEX(Originating Outgoing External Call) is the call that originates in the observed exchange and terminates in the other exchange.- IEXTE(Incoming External Terminate Call) is the call that originates in the other exchange and terminates in the observed exchange.

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Traffic Management


1.3 Call in the Network

(1) Call Status

Success in setting-up of path between calling and called party

Failure in setting-up of path between calling and called party

ConversationConversation

Called party doesn't answer

Calling party disconnects before called party answers.

Called party is busy.

Calling party makes incomplete dial

Calling party dials unavailable or vacant number.

Congestion of own exchange

Congestion of outer exchange

Exchange Facility

Transmission Facility

Subscriber Facility

Called party is free.

Wrong behavior of calling party

Network congestion

Network technical Fault

Call

CCR(%) = No. of Calls succeeded in conversationNo. of Total Calls × 100

Definition of Call Completion Ratio (CCR)

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Traffic Management


1.2 Call in the Network

(2) Call phases and examples of causes of call failure

A-sub goes off-hook

A-sub receives dial tone

Dial tone delay

A-sub dials B-sub number

Dialing time

The call is routed to its destination

Ringing signal

Answer

Time to answer

Conversation

A-sub and B-sub go on hook

Release

Conversation time

(1) A-sub receives no dial tone.(2) Network makes excessive dial tone delay.

(1) A-sub abandons the call attempt.(2) A-sub makes wrong number.

(1) Network makes misrouting of the call.(2) Network makes excessive through-connection delay.(3) Network has some congestion in an exchange and or a link.(4) Network makes excessive ring back tone delay.(5) A-sub abandons the call attempt.

(1) B-sub is engaged in other call.(2) B-sub doesn't answer to the call.(3) B-sub facility is out of order.(4) A-sub disconnects the call before B-sub answers.

(1) Network fails in the connection release.(Network can not set up a connection for a new call.)

Post dialing delay

Release delay

Call phases Examples of causes of call failure

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Traffic Management


2.1 CCR in foreign countries2 Outline of Call Completion Ratio (CCR)

Complete

No　 Answer

Busy

Congestion

Technical　 Fault

Incorrect　 Dial

23%

12%

2%

10%4%

49%

CCR in Originating Outgoing Call(Measured by TT&T, 1997)

CCR in international call and telephone density

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%In

done

sia

Tha

ilan

d

Ad

en

Mal

aysi

a

Kor

ea

Sin

gapo

re

Japa

n

Hon

gK

ong

Country Name

CC

R(%

)

0%5%

10%15%

20%25%

30%35%

40%45%

Den

sity

(Wor

king

line

s pe

r100

inha

bita

nts)

CCR measured by AT&T, 1991

Density by ITU Year Book, 1992

Aden Data: Traffic Report Nov. 2000

(1) CCR in foreign countries

(2) Measures to improve “No Answer”, “Busy” and “Incorrect Dial” (a) 　“ No Answer”: - 　 Telephone set with automatic answering function - 　 “ Additional Telephone Service”(Call Forwarding,etc)

(b) 　” Busy”: - 　 Increase of telephone lines - 　 Promotion of use of multi line hunting service in PBAX 　 and Key telephone system - Introduction of “Additional Telephone Service 　　 (Call Waiting Service, etc)”

(c) ”Incorrect Dial” - Education of subscribers on how to correctly use telephone - Advertisement of correct telephone numbers to subscribers

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Traffic Management


Figure 2 Comparison of terminating traffic capacity between multi line hunt system and individual line select system

02468

101214161820

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Number of lines

Ear

lang

0%

100%

200%300%

400%

500%

600%700%

800%

900%

Per

cent

of

capa

city

rat

io

Traffic capacity of multiline hunt system

Traffic capacity of individual line select system

Ratio of multi line hunt system to individual line select system

n a b c1 0.111 0.111 100%2 0.595 0.222 268%3 1.271 0.333 382%4 2.015 0.444 454%5 2.881 0.555 519%6 3.758 0.666 564%7 4.666 0.777 601%8 5.597 0.888 630%9 6.546 0.999 655%10 7.511 1.110 677%

Table 1

(3) Further information on the multi line hunting system for PABX and Key telephone system

PABXExchange

Figure 1 Network configuration

2-11112-11122-11132-11142-1115

Extension

1) Comparison of terminating traffic capacity between multi line hunting system and individual line select system

(a) Assumption- Model of the network configuration is shown in Figure 1.- Loss probability of 10% is used to calculate terminating traffic capacity.

(b) Calculation of terminating traffic capacity in Figure 1 Terminating traffic capacity based on the condition that 5 lines are free in Figure 1 is 2.881 erlang for “multi line hunting system” and 0.555 erlang for “individual line select system”, which come from the Table 1.

Note that “n” in Table 1 shows number of circuits, “a” shows terminating traffic volume by Earlang B formula with p=10%, “b” shows traffic volume with 0.111*”n” and “c” shows a/b in %.

Ratio of multi line hunting system to individual line select system at 5 lines is about 5.2 as shown in Table 1.

(c) Advantage of multi line hunting system The curved line in Figure 2 shows the ratio of traffic capacity of multi line hunting system to that of individual line select system. The traffic capacity of the multi line hunting system shows about 5 times of that of individual line select system for 5 lines case, about 7 times for 10 lines case and about 8 times for 20 lines case.

2) Additional advantage of multi line hunting system In the multi line hunting system, any office exchange automatically finds out free lines among the grouped lines and surely makes call connection to the PABX. On the other hand, in the individual line select system, a calling party is required to make a call to the free lines, where we have some problems in finding a free line.

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Traffic Management


2.2 CCR in Aden City

(1) Network Structure in Aden City

FETEX-150Maala

OCB-283Maala

FETEX-150Khormaksar

FETEX-150Crater

MotorolaCDMAAden

OCB-283MobileAden

OCB-283Tahalir

OCB-283Taiz

FETEX-150Madinat Shaab

FETEX-150Little Aden

FETEX-150Tawahi

OCB-283Memdara

OCB-283Dar Saad

FETEX-150Mansoura

OCB-283Saber

OCB-283Dale

OCB-283Tor Albaha

OCB-283Zinbar

OCB-283Jaar

OCB-283Hota

OCB-283Hableend

Sana’a Governorate

Taiz Governorate Abyan Governorate

Lahj Governorate

4PCM

12PCM

12PCM

20PCM

41PCM44PCM

7PCM

4PCM

26PCM

21PCM

Maala Exchange Building

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Traffic Management


(2) CCR of originating outgoing calls in Aden Network

31%

8%

39%

12%

0%

5%

4%

Complete

MistakeBusy

No Answer

Switch Fault

CongestionTransmission Fault

Call Attempts: 70,985

Nov. 2000

Complete Complete call because a called party answered.

Mistake Not complete call because a calling party made a mistake in dialing.

Busy Not complete call because a called party was engaged in other call.

No answer Not complete call because a called party did not answer.

Switch Fault

Congestion Not complete call because a call was blocked due to a route congestion.

Call Attempts Total calls originated by the subscribers connected to the exchange

Not complete call because a call was blocked due to an exchange fault.

Transmission Fault Not complete call because a call was blocked due to a transmission fault.

Terminology Meaning

Source: Traffic Report, November 2000(OCB 283 in Maala Exchange,Measurement during Nov.25 to Nov.29,2000)

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Traffic Management


1) Reduction of “Busy”* Busy rate analysis of calls by destinations (local call, long distance call, mobile call, etc.)* Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high busy rate whether or not they use multi line hunting system.* Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high busy rate whether or not they can increase their telephone lines. * Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high busy rate whether or not they can use call waiting service.* Study of implementation way of measures based on the analysis mentioned above.

2) Reduction of “No Answer”* No answer rate analysis of calls by destinations (local call, long distance call, mobile call, etc.)* Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high no answer rate whether or not they use telephone sets with automatic answering function.* Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high no answer rate whether or not they can use follow-me service.* Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high no answer rate whether or not they can use voice mail service.* Study of implementation way of measures based on the analysis mentioned above.

3) Reduction of “Mistake”* Analysis of calls from subscribers showing high mistake rate in their dial process.* Setting up of way of educating subscribers in correct dialing.* Study of implementation way of educating subscribers.

4) Reduction of “Congestion”* Analysis of traffic congestion by route* Study of implementation way of removing congestion such as increase of traffic capacity or change of traffic routing, etc.

(3) Study of CCR improvement of originating outgoing calls in Aden

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Traffic Management


3.1 Present state

The Aden branch of PTC monthly publishes the Traffic Report, which includes very important traffic data to increase the customers’ satisfaction, to contribute to the efficient use of network resources, etc.

The Aden branch will be required to utilize the Traffic Report as much as possible for provision of better services and contribution to the efficient use of network resources.

3.2 Proposed contents of Monthly Traffic Report

3 Traffic Report Publication

(1) Contents (Draft)

1. Summary of issues and/or problems of the month2. Traffic type measurement in the exchanges3.Number of working lines connected to the exchanges4. Network configuration in Aden5. Traffic on routes during busy hour6. High usage routes during busy hour7. Call completion ratio (CCR) in each exchange

7.1 CCR in originating outgoing call7.2 CCR in originating outgoing local call7.3 CCR in originating outgoing long distance call7.4 CCR in internal call7.5 CCR in incoming terminating call 7.6 CCR in transit call

8. Minutes of monthly meeting on Traffic Report

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Traffic Management


(2) Further information on the Contents (Draft) (1/5)

1. Summary of traffic performance of the month- This item briefly describes measures to improve CCR and topics on traffic performance, such as status of CCR, analysis of causes deteriorating CCR, etc.- Some samples are shown below:

(1) Average CCR in originating call exceeds 50%.The average CCR in originating call showed 52% this month. Main reason comes from decrease of “Mistake”, which will show that the PTC campaign educating subscribers works well.

(2)High congestion in internal call in XX exchangeAverage congestion for internal call is 0.5%, but congestion in XX exchange shows 6%. The reason comes from the signal control failure in the route between XX exchange and its RSU on 3 rd May.

(3) Removal of congestion cause in XX exchangeReplacement of signal control cards in the exchange recovered the failure.

(4) Others

2. Traffic type measurement in the exchanges- This item shows the traffic volume by traffic type in each exchange.- Some samples are shown below:

Traffic type measurement

ORG INT OEX IEX TRA TE ORG+IEXMaala FETEX-150Mansoura FETEX-150Crater FETEX-150Maala OCB-283

Exchange

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Traffic Management


3.Number of working lines connected to each exchange- This item shows the status of each exchange such as line capacity, working lines connected, etc. - Some samples are shown below:

4. Network configuration in Aden- This item shows the network structure in Aden.- Some sample is shown in the slide 8.

Governorate Office code MSU/RSU Line capacityWorking lines% of connected lines24,28 Maala FETEX150 MSU 12,600 9,078 72%

20 Tawahi FETEX150 RSU 6,100 3,017 49%23 Khormaksar FETEX150 RSU 11,142 4,947 44%

34,38 Al Mansoura FETEX150 MSU 20,248 17,412 86%36 Madinat Shaab FETEX150 RSU 1,022 880 86%37 Little Aden FETEX150 RSU 1,973 1,918 97%

25,26 Crater FETEX150 MSU 11,038 10,199 92%22 Maala OCB-283 MSU30 Dar Saad OCB-283 RSU33 Memdara OCB-283 RSU60 Zingbar OCB-283 RSU61 Jaar OCB-283 RSU50 Hota OCB-283 RSU51 Saber OCB-283 RSU53 Dale OCB-283 RSU57 Hableen OCB-283 RSU

Lahj

Exchange

Abyan

Aden

Number of working lines connected to each exchange


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Traffic Management



5. Traffic on routes during busy hour

- This item shows traffic status on each route.

- Some samples are shown below:

Exchangename

Routename

Equiuppedcircuits

Workingcircuits

Carriedtraffic

Offeredtraffic

Traffic limitat p=1%

Traffic loadperformance

Circuitavailabilty

Maala MLMRB 1320 1320 1100 1100 1188 93% 100%MLCRB 1230 1200 950 950 1107 86% 98%MLKHB 780 780 710 710 702 101% 100%MLTAB 630 630 450 450 567 79% 100%MLMLB 360 360 280 280 324 86% 100%MLMOBMLTAHB 360 360 295 295 324 91% 100%MLTIB 120 120 80 80 108 74% 100%

Mansuora MRMLB 1320 1260 1050 1050 1188 88% 95%MRCRB 600 600 530 530 540 98% 100%MRMDB 120 120 100 100 108 93% 100%MRADB 210 210 188 188 189 99% 100%

・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・

(1) Route name, for instance, MLMRB is given as follows; ML means Maala, MR means Mansoura and B means the circuit is used in both way operation.(2) Carried traffic can be got from the measured traffic data.(3) Offered traffic can be calculated by use of Ealrang-B formula.(4) Traffic limit at p=1% can calculated by use of Earlang-B formula.(5) Traffic load performance is calculated by the rate of offered traffic to traffic limit at p=1%.(6) Traffic availability is calculated by the rate of working circuits to equipped circuits.

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Traffic Management



6. High usage routes during busy hour

-This item shows to pay special attention on the high usage traffic

routes over 100% in traffic load performance of “5. Traffic on

routes during busy hour”.

7. Call completion ratio (CCR) in each exchange

7.1 CCR in originating outgoing call

7.2 CCR in originating outgoing local call

7.3 CCR in originating outgoing long distance call

7.4 CCR in internal call

7.5 CCR in incoming terminating call

7.6 CCR in transit call

- This item shows the CCR in each traffic type.

- Some samples are shown in the following slide.

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Traffic Management



Traffic typeExchange

nameCall

attemptsComplete calls

Busy No Answer SwitchingTransmissionCongestion

Transmission Signal

MaalaOriginating outgoing call Mansoura

CraterMaala

Originating outgoing local callMansouraCraterMaala

Originating outgoing Mansouralong distance call Crater

MaalaInternal call Mansoura

CraterMaala

Incoming terminating call MansouraCraterMaala

Transit call MansouraCrater

Traffic typeExchange

nameCall

attemptsComplete calls

Busy No Answer SwitchingTransmissionCongestion

Transmission Signal

Maala 100%Originating outgoing call Mansoura 100%

Crater 100%Maala 100%

Originating outgoing local callMansoura 100%Crater 100%Maala 100%

Originating outgoing Mansoura 100%long distance call Crater 100%

Maala 100%Internal call Mansoura 100%

Crater 100%Maala 100%

Incoming terminating call Mansoura 100%Crater 100%Maala 100%

Transit call Mansoura 100%Crater 100%

Num

ber

of c

alls

Per

cent

(%

) o

f ca

lls

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Traffic Management


4 Proposal on Monthly Meeting on Traffic Report

(1) Meeting Members-Top management of the Aden branch of PTC-Chief of Section in Operation, Rural, Transmission, Switching and Cable Network-Traffic Section is the Secretariat of the Meeting.

(2)Meeting Agenda- Presentation on summary of Monthly Traffic Report- Discussion on presentation- Report and discussion on the evaluation of implemented measures- Proposal and discussion on new improvement measures

(3) Minutes of Meeting- Minutes of the meeting is made.-The minutes is involved in the Monthly Traffic Report.

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Traffic Control

Documents

Transcript of Traffic Control