Traffic Awareness Presentation Sharma

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    Causes of Road Accident

    MAIN CAUSES OF ROAD ACCIDENTS AND ACCIDENTAL DEATHS

    1. Over-speeding or driving in excess of prescribed speedlimits.

    2. Not wearing helmets or not using seat belts - more than 80%of road accident deaths are due to the head injuries.3. Drunken driving or driving under the influence of drugs.4. Over loading of vehicles.5. Use of mobile phones or ear phones while driving/crossingthe road.

    6. Violation of road signs, signals, traffic lights and road safetyrules or many a time due to their ignorance.

    7. Long hours of drive, tiredness and fatigue of the driver andlack of traffic education.

    8. Pedestrian negligence also contributes to road accidents andendangers their own lives.

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    Safe Driving Tips

    1. Qualities of a good driver2. What is highway hypnosis?3. What is 2 seconds rule?4. Can 2-second rule be reflected in numbers?5. What should be the speed of driving?

    6. How to drive during fog?7. Precautions during rain8. What is hydroplane?9. Driving in high winds10. Precautions during winter in Hills11. What to do in case of Equipment Failure?

    12. Precautions during night driving13. What if a fire breaks out in car?14. Precautions during water accidents15. Use of a cellular phone during driving16. What if electricity falls on your vehicle?17. What is Carbon Monoxide Poisoning?

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    Q) Qualities of a good driver

    A driver must concentrate on the road and drive defensively .

    CONCENTRATION : Operating a vehicle safely demands thatthe driver concentrate on driving. The person should berested, calm and not under the influence of alcohol or otherdrugs.

    DEFENSIVE DRIVING : Plan ahead for the unexpected. Alwaysbe prepared to react to the other driver. Do not expect theother driver to do what you think he or she should do. Do notthink you know what he or she is going to do. If you cannotavoid a crash, remain calm and try to choose the least

    dangerous situation. For example, running into a ditch is lessdangerous than a head-on collision. Also, your chances ofsurvival are greater if your vehicle is in good mechanicalcondition.

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    Q) What is highway hypnosis?

    One of the greatest hazards of roadway driving isdrowsiness or "highway hypnosis." Lack of sleep or fatigueimpact the ability to safely drive the vehicle. When takinga long trip, avoid drowsiness by stopping frequently todrink coffee/tea/water, exercise or nap. Exercise your eyesby reading road signs or shifting the focus of your eyes todifferent parts of the road. Make sure you are properlyrested.

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    Q) What is 2 seconds rule?

    Following a vehicle too closely is called "tail-gating." Usethe 2-second rule to determine a safe following distance.Select a fixed object on the road ahead such as a sign, treeor overpass. When the vehicle ahead of you passes theobject, count "one-thousand-one, one-thousand-two." You

    should not reach the object before you count to one-thousand-two. If you do, you are following too closely. Mostrear end collisions are caused by the vehicle in backfollowing too closely.

    The two-second rule also applies to the speed when oneis on a good road and during good weather conditions. If

    the road and/or weather conditions are not good, increaseyour distance to a four or five-second count. If you arebeing tail-gated, move to another lane or slowly pull offthe road and allow the vehicle to pass.

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    Q) Can 2-second rule be reflected in numbers?

    Two-Second RuleApproximate Feet Vehicle 2 Second Rule

    Vehicle SpeedWill Travel in 1 Second Distance

    25 m.p.h. 37 ft. 74 ft. back

    35 m.p.h. 52 ft. 104 ft. back

    45 m.p.h. 66 ft. 132 ft. back

    55 m.p.h. 81 ft. 162 ft. back

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    Q) What should be the speed of driving?

    A driver should use common sense when driving. Drivingtoo fast or too slowly may create a dangerous situation .Regardless of the posted speed limit, weather and trafficconditions may make it necessary to drive more slowly. Yourspeed should be adjusted for the conditions and match the

    flow of traffic, as long as it does not surpass the maximumposted speed.

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    Q) How to drive during fog?

    It is the best not to drive in fog. Otherwise, you ought to take thefollowing precautions:

    Slow down. If you see headlights or tail-lights, slow down evenmore.

    A driver may be driving in the center of the road or may bestopped or barely moving.

    Drive with your headlights set on dim, or use fog lights Do not overdrive your headlights. Stay within the limits of your

    vision. You may have to stop suddenly. If the fog is too dense,pull off the road and stop.

    Use your turn signal long before you turn and brake early whenyou approach a stop to warn other drivers.

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    Q) Precautions during rain

    When rain begins to fall lightly, water, dust, oil andleaves cause the road to become slippery. When thishappens, increase your following distance. Take specialcare on curves and turns and while braking. Your headlights

    must be ON when operating your wipers. Parking lightsshould not be used because it creates illusion.

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    Q) What is hydroplane?

    When rain begins to fall heavily, your tyres may"hydroplane." This means the tyres are riding on a layerof water and not on the road. Avoid hydroplaning byslowing down. If you skid while hydroplaning, try to

    regain control of the vehicle. Otherwise, release theaccelerator and ride out the skid.

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    Q) Driving in high winds

    Wind can be a difficult problem for all drivers. Wind isespecially difficult for drivers of trucks and other heavyvehicles. In high winds, you should reduce your speed.Heavy rain often accompanies high winds. You should be

    alert to wet or slippery areas and plan for thoseconditions.

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    Q) Precautions during winter in Hills

    Winter is the most difficult driving season due to many reasons, including ice and snowat Hill Stations, lower temperatures and fewer daylight hours. During these conditions

    you should:

    Drive slower and increase your following distance. Road conditions mayvary depending upon the sun, shade or road surface.

    Remove all snow and ice from your vehicle. Clear all windows, and do notstart driving until your windshield is defrosted and clear. Be sure you havenon-freezing windshield washer liquid and that your headlights and tail-lights are visible.

    Be sure your vehicle is maintained properly. Lights, brakes, windshieldwipers, defrosters, radiator and other parts should be in good workingorder.

    Use snow tyres and/or chains (where allowed). Snow tyres give you extratraction, and chains increase safety on snow or icepacked roads. Neither

    tyres nor chains allow you to drive on bad roads at normal speeds. Start slowly. Gentle braking, in slow, steady strokes, helps you find out how

    much traction you have. Begin braking early when you come to anintersection or a stop.

    Approach bridges, shaded spots, overpasses and turns slowly. They mayremain icy after the rest of the road is clear and dry.

    Plan your winter driving. Carry a blanket, food and other survivalequipment, such as a shovel, in your vehicle in case you become stranded.

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    Q) What to do in case of Equipment Failure?

    Crashes often happen when equipment fails. Your most important aid is remaining calm.Equipment failures may include:

    BLOWOUTS: A thumping sound may be a warning of a blowout. If thishappens, ease your foot off the accelerator and keep a firm grasp on thesteering wheel. Do not brake suddenly. Pull safely off the road and checkyour tyres.

    LOSS OF A WHEEL: React as you would with a blowout. Ease off the

    accelerator and pull off the road. STEERING FAILURE: If you suddenly have no control of the steering wheel,

    ease your foot off the accelerator. Turn on your emergency flashers andallow your vehicle to come to a slow stop. Brake very gently to prevent yourvehicle from spinning.

    BRAKE FAILURE: If your brake pedal suddenly sinks to the floor, pump it tobuild pressure. If that does not work, use your emergency or parking brake.To slow down, shift your vehicle into a lower gear.

    HEADLIGHT FAILURE: If your headlights fail suddenly, try your emergencyflashers, parking lights and / or turn signals. Pull off the road. If your lightsbegin to dim, drive to a service station or pull off the road and seek help.

    STUCK Accelerator: If the accelerator becomes stuck, hook your toe under itto free it. If it does not become free, shift your vehicle into neutral and brake

    gently to slow down. If you have power steering or a locking steering wheel,do not turn off the i nition ou will lose either our ower steerin or our

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    Q) Precautions during night driving

    Night driving is difficult because things may appear differentlythan in daylight. Also, glare from lights may interfere with vision.Courtesy and common sense should be used when driving at night.Remember:

    Never overdrive your headlights. Always keep them cleanand aimed properly. Use them at dusk and dawn. Brightlights must be dimmed 500 ft. before meeting an oncomingvehicle or 300 ft. before passing a vehicle.

    If street lights cause a lot of glare, dim your dashboard

    lights and use your sun visor. Avoid using any other lightinside your vehicle. Roadway signs are more difficult to see at night. Use edge lines and center lines of the roadway as guides. Do not stop on the roadway. If you must stop, carry and use

    a red warning light.

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    Q) What if a fire breaks out in car?

    If smoke appears, pull off the road. Turn off the engine,move away from the vehicle and call the fire department.Vehicle fires can be very dangerous. Do not fight the fireyourself.

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    Q) Precautions during water accidents

    If your vehicle runs off the roadway into water butdoes not sink right away, try to escape through a window.Because of differences in water pressure, you may not beable to open your car door. If your vehicle does sink, move

    to the back seat area where an air pocket usually forms.Take a deep breath and exit from a rear window.

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    Q) What if electricity falls on your vehicle?

    If power lines fall on your vehicle, the danger ofelectrical shock exists. You should remain in your vehicleuntil help arrives. However, if fire is imminent, you mustjump clear of the vehicle. DO NOT ALLOW ANY PART OFYOUR BODY TO TOUCH THE VEHICLE AND THE GROUND ATTHE SAME TIME.

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    Q) Use of a cellular phone during driving.

    Use of cellular phone is prohibited. If it is important,stop the car and then talk.

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    Q) What is Carbon Monoxide Poisoning?

    Carbon Monoxide is a deadly poison. Symptoms of itspoisoning are weariness, yawning, dizziness, nausea,headache and ringing in the ears. You can prevent it byregularly checking the exhaust system. Leave the

    windows partially open when starting the engine. Neverrun the engine in your garage.

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    Road Safety Tips for

    Cyclist

    Before riding a cycle on roads see if you can;

    1. Ride in a straight line for 10 meters.2. Stop suddenly without falling.3. Give signals with one hand while riding.

    4. Look back over your shoulders and take a right turncomfortably.

    Before you go out on the road with your bicycle, ensurethat;

    1. The bicycle is easily noticeable.

    2. There should be a headlight and rear reflector.3. Reflectors are provided on spokes of wheels, on the

    pedals and on the front / rear mudguard.4. Both the brakes are working properly5. The bell rings properly.6. The seat is so adjusted that your feet can touch the

    ground.

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    While on the road with your bicycle,

    a. You should wear:

    1. A cycle helmet made of light thermocol.2. Appropriate clothes for cycling. Avoid clothes which may get

    tangled in the chain, or in a wheel.3. Light-coloured or fluorescent clothing which helps other road

    users to see you even in dark and poorly lit roads.

    4. Reflective clothing and/or accessories (belt, arm or anklebands) in the dark.

    b. You should also follow these rules:

    1. Never ride with just one hand on the handle bar except when

    giving a signal.2. Keep both feet on the pedals.3. Use the cycle lane, wherever provided.4. Never follow any vehicle closely. Maintain safe distance.5. Do not carry anything which may affect your balance or may get

    tangled up with your cycle wheels or chain.

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    6. Avoid big and busy roads with fast moving traffic.7. Stop before you enter moving traffic from a driveway, a

    parking lot, a minor road, or from behind a parked car or bus. Go

    ahead only when the way is clear.8. Always Ride on the left of the road.9. Obey stop signs and traffic lights, like the rest of the traffic.10. Before turning right at a crossing, look back over your

    shoulder, and give way to the traffic coming from behind.11. Never ride your cycle on a footpath.

    12. Never try to overtake- if you must, do it only if the driver ofthe vehicle in your front has permitted or signaled you toovertake.

    13. Never try to overtake a vehicle, which is in the process oftaking a turn.

    14. Always follow the light signals. Any violation of the same is notonly against the law but also dangerous to your life.

    15. You should learn and understand the road sign and signal well.16. Never stop suddenly without showing a signal. Watchfully

    move towards the left while slowing down, but signal yourintentions to the traffic following you.

    17. Under no circumstances should you ride on the wrong side ofthe road or cross the road abruptly.

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    Pedestrians

    The most important safety tip to reduce pedestrian injuries andfatalities is to pay attention. You can significantly reduce your

    chances of being in a collision with a motor vehicle by obeyingtraffic rules. Make eye contact with drivers if possible and makesure that they can see you.

    Pedestrians must :

    1. Where possible, avoid walking next to the kerb with your back to the

    traffic. If you have to step into the road, look both ways first.2. Wear or carry something light coloured, bright or fluorescent in poordaylight conditions. When it is dark, use reflective materials (e.g.armbands, sashes, waistcoats and jackets), which can be seen, bydrivers using headlights, up to three times as far away as non-reflective materials.

    3. Young children should not be out alone on the pavement or road.When taking children out, walk between them and the traffic andhold their hands firmly. Strap very young children into push-chairs oruse reins.

    4. Always walk on the footpath, they are meant for you. Where there isno footpath, walk in the right side margin of the road so that you

    can see the traffic coming in the opposite direction.5. Cross roads where there are pedestrian crossings / zebra crossing.

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    5. Where there are no pedestrian crossings, watch the traffic onboth sides and cross when it is safe.

    6. You MUST NOT walk on motorways or slip roads except in an

    emergency7. Never walk on the main carriageway, it could be fatal8. Do not read newspapers or look at hoardings while walking on

    the road.9. Do not greet friends on the road. Take them to the footpath or

    the side margin.

    10. Do not come on to the main road while waiting for a bus. Stayon the footpath or at earmarked bus stoppage.

    11. Where there are barriers, cross the road only at the gapsprovided for pedestrians. Do not climb over the barriers or walkbetween them and the road.

    12. Do not run after a moving bus.

    13. You MUST NOT get on to or hold on to a moving vehicle.14. When walking at night, wear retro-reflective outdoor clothing

    or shoes or lights to make you more visible. Avoid wearing darkclothing.

    15. When using any type of crossing you should always check thatthe traffic has stopped before you start to cross or push a pram

    onto a crossing . Always cross between the studs or over the zebramarkin s. Do not cross at the side of the crossin or on the zi -za

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    We must follow the six-step crossing code whenever we have to crossthe road :

    1. THINK : What is a safe place to cross? Where can I see all the traffic properly?Make sure you are not hidden behind a parked car.

    2. STOP: At the edge of the road where you have decided to cross.3. LOOK and LISTEN: Look both ways, many time, to see if there is any traffic

    coming.4. WAIT: For all the traffic to pass, and for road to be clear5. CROSS: Walk straight across the road.6. KEEP LOOKING and LISTENING: Keep looking in all directions as you cross the

    road until you get to the other side.

    Situations needing extra care:

    1. Emergency vehicles: If an ambulance, fire engine, police or other emergencyvehicle approaches using flashing lights, headlights and/or sirens, keep off theroad.

    2. Buses: Get on or off a bus only when it has stopped to allow you to do so. Watch

    out for cyclists when you are getting off. Never cross the road directly behind orin front of a bus; wait until it has moved off and you can see clearly in bothdirections.

    3. Railway level crossings: Do not cross if the red lights show, an alarm issounding or the barriers are being lowered. The tone of the alarm will change ifanother train is approaching. If there are no lights, alarms or barriers, stop, lookboth ways and listen before crossing.

    4. Street and pavement repairs: A pavement may be closed temporarily because

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    CHILDREN

    Children should be taught the safety code and shouldnot be allowed on the road alone until they canunderstand and follow it properly. Children learn byexample, so parents and teachers should always followthe Code properly when going out with their children.They are responsible for deciding at what age childrencan use it safely by themselves.

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    While Walking to School

    1. Always walk on the footpath only. On roads without footpath, walk onthe extreme right hand side of the roads.

    2. Do not be impatient on the road. Do not rush or run on the road.3. Cross only at Zebra crossings, traffic signals, subways, foot over-

    bridges. Where such facilities do not exist, look for a safe place tocross.

    4. At the signal lights, cross only on a clear green signal. If anintersection is controlled by a policeman, traffic warden or Civic Police

    Volunteers, cross only when he signals you to do so.5. When crossing between vehicles parked on the side of the road,remember that you are not visible to the moving traffic (because theparked vehicles may be taller than you). Stop as you appear frombehind the vehicle and look for a safe gap before crossing. Remember,drivers need plenty of time to see you and to slow down and stop.

    6. While crossing wide roads that have central islands, always cross intwo stages. Cross to the central Island , stop, and cross when the nextsection is clear.

    7. While crossing one-way streets, remember that the traffic will usuallybe moving in a number of lanes and at higher speeds. Do not crossunless all lanes are clear.

    8. Never cross a road at a corner/curve, as the motorist taking the turnwill not be able to see you in time.

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    While going by bus,

    1. Leave home well in time, so that you won't have to run to

    catch the bus.2. At the bus stand, always follow the queue. Board the bus

    only after it has come to a halt, without rushing in orpushing others.

    3. While in the bus, shouting or making a noise is definitelybad manners. Such behavior can also distract the driver.

    4. Do not board or alight at a bus stop other than the onedecided by the school. Never board and alight at a red lightcrossing or unauthorized bus stop.

    5. Always hold onto the handrail if standing in a moving bus,especially on sharp turns.

    6. Do not sit, stand or travel on the footboard of the bus.

    7. Do not put any part of your body outside a moving orstationary bus.

    8. Always adhere to the bus safety rules.

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    Guidelines for parents of school children :

    1. Parents are equally responsible for the safety of their childrenduring school journeys.

    2. They must ensure that the mode of transport arranged by schoolor by themselves is absolutely safe.

    3. Parents must play the role of vigilant observers. They shouldnote down violations committed by school buses andimmediately report to the authorities.

    4. Parents must participate in P.T.A. meetings and discuss the safetyaspects of their children.

    5. While taking their children to school themselves, they shouldtake proper care of their safety.

    6. Parents must ensure that the children acquire the rightknowledge and skills for safe use of roads. They should teach

    their children the basic rules of the road, how to walk and crossthe road, how to alight and board a bus etc.7. Parents should not allow their minor children to drive.8. Parents must also ensure that the right attitude for a law abiding

    citizen is imparted to their children by the family.9. Children are very good observers and therefore, parents must set

    an example by meticulously observing even small traffic rules.

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    Essentials for a School Bus as ordered by the Hon'bleSupreme Court of India :

    1. "School Bus" must be written on the back and front of theBus.

    2. If it is a hired bus, "On School Duty" should be clearlyindicated

    3. Bus must have a First-Aid-Box.

    4. The windows of Bus must be fitted with horizontal grills.5. There must be a Fire Extinguisher in the Bus.6. School Name and Telephone No. must be written on the

    Bus.7. The doors of the Bus should be fitted with reliable locks.8. To keep School Bags safely, there should be a space fitted

    under the seats.9. There must be an Attendant from the School in the Bus.10.Any parent/guardian or a teacher may also travel to

    ensure these safety norms.

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    The above mentioned points as directed by the Hon'ble Supreme Court ofIndia are mandatory for all school buses.

    Guidelines for Bus Commuters

    Bus commuters should never board or deboard a moving bus.Maintaining a queue while boarding the bus will help avoidunnecessary hustle and bustle and will also save time. Once inside thebus keep your calm avoid shouting or making noise that would distractthe driver, always hold onto the handrail if standing in a moving bus,

    stay away from the footboard of the bus and never put any part of thebody outside a moving or stationary bus.

    Commuters should observe the following guidelines when traveling

    on the bus :

    1. Commuters should not distract the bus driver while the bus inmotion. All queries and requests are to be directed to the bus driverprior to travel or at the end of the journey.

    2. Commuters should conduct themselves in a respectable andresponsible manner at all times ensuring that their behaviour doesnot endanger the comfort and safety of their fellow passengers or

    the bus driver.3. The bus driver should not make any unscheduled stops in the

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    MOTORCYCLISTS

    The motorized two-wheeler rider is the one most likely to sustainserious injuries no matter what he hits- a pedestrian, a cat or

    another vehicle. This is because he is traveling at a speed morethan 15 kmph without any protection around, and the humanbody is not able to tolerate forces generated when the head orany other bone hits hard and rigid objects at speed higher than15 kmph.Facts about Helmet :

    1. It should not obstruct vision.2. It should not impair your hearing.3. It should be light weight.4. It should not cause fatigue which causes crashes.5. It should not cause skin diseases.6. It should not increase the probability of neck injuries

    Kinds of helmets to be used :

    It should have a thick padding of thermocole- at least 20 mm-which must extend to the sides of the head. A full face helmet is

    safer by all means.

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    We can avoid accidents by following guidelines:

    1. While driving always carry your driving license and important documents suchas your vehicle registration certificate, insurance certificate, road tax andP.U.C certificate

    2. MUST NOT carry more than one pillion rider and he/she MUST sit astride themachine on a proper seat and should keep both feet on the footrests.

    3. Make yourself as visible as possible from the sides as well as the front andrear. You could wear a white or brightly coloured helmet. Wear fluorescentclothing or strips. Dipped headlights, even in good daylight, may also makeyou more conspicuous.

    4. You should be aware of what is behind and in the sides before maneuvering.Look behind you; use mirrors if they are fitted.5. Wear reflective clothing or strips to improve your chances of being seen in the

    dark.6. Never Drink and drive.7. Follow the traffic signals, lights and signs8. Avoid using the cell phone when driving. If urgent move to left, stop and then

    take the call9. Do not ride at high speeds. You may lose control and your life in the bargain10.Always use a standard ISI helmet. Helmets MUST comply with the Regulations

    and they MUST be fastened securely.11.Do not ride or wheel your vehicle on to the footpath12.Use your lights when riding at night

    13.Never stop abruptly in traffic. Move to the left and slow down14.When passing a stationery vehicle allow sufficient clearance for the car doors

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    CAR DRIVERS

    1. Always carry your driving license and important documents such asyour vehicle registration certificate, insurance certificate, road tax

    and P.U.C certificate with you while driving.2. Don't Drive under the influence of drugs.3. Obey all traffic signals, lights and signs.4. Use the indicator or hand signals when changing lanes.5. Adhere to permitted speed limits.6. Don't use your cell phone while driving. If you must, move to the

    left, halt and then make the call.7. Irrespective of right of way, stay alert and be considerate to

    pedestrians especially senior citizens, handicapped, ladies andchildren.

    8. Do not overload your vehicles - be it luggage or passengers.9. Do not use tinted glasses, lenses or visors or anything that restricts

    vision at night or in poor visibility conditions.10.Do not drink and drive as it adversely affects your judgement and

    abilities.11.Wear seat belts.12.Always drive using the correct gear.13.Avoid sudden braking and harsh acceleration.14.Never use the clutch as footrest while driving.

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    Driving in fatigue enhances the probability of an accident. To minimisethis risk you must follow these rules:1. Make sure you are fit to drive. Do not undertake a long journey (longer

    than an hour) if you feel tired.2. Avoid undertaking long journeys between midnight and early morning

    hours, when natural alertness is at its worst.3. Plan your journey in breaks. A minimum break of at least 15 minutes

    after every two hours of driving is recommended.4. If you feel sleepy, stop at a safe place. Do not stop on the hard shoulder

    of a motorway

    5. The most effective ways to counter sleepiness are to take a short nap(up to 15 minutes) or drink, two cups of strong coffee/tea. Fresh air,exercise or turning up the radio may help for a short time, but are not aseffective.

    Children in cars. Drivers who are carrying children in cars

    hould ensure that :

    6. Children do not sit behind the rear seats in an estate car or hatchback,unless a special child seat has been fitted.

    7. The child safety door locks, where fitted, are used when children are inthe car.

    8. Children are kept under control.

    9. A rear-facing baby seat is never fitted into a seat protected by anAIRBAG.

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    ROAD SAFETY & ROAD SAFETY WEEK

    NEED FOR ROAD SAFETY ?

    During the year 2009, 4,86,384 road accidents were reported inIndia in which 1,25,660 persons were killed and 5,15,458 personswere injured . Similarly, in the year 2010, in 4,99,628 roadaccidents, 1,34,527 persons were killed and 5,27,512 personswere injured across the country. The provisional figures of roadaccidents for the year 2011 indicated that 4,97,686 road

    accidents were reported leading to the death of 1,42,485 personsand injury to 5,11,394 persons. More than half of the personskilled in these road accidents were in the economically active agegroup of 25 to 65 years. The number of deaths and injuries in theroad accidents is continuously on the rise since 2001 when 80,888persons were killed and 4,50,216 persons were injured in the

    various road accidents in the country. The situation in WestBengal is no better than the rest of the country, wherein 4860persons were killed and ,12,186 persons were injured in 11,134road accidents in 2009. In 2010, 5860 persons were killed and15,760 persons were injured in 14,888 road accidents. Similarly,5664 persons were killed and 14,962 persons were injured in14,985 road accidents in the year 2011 in the State.

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    The number of persons injured and killed per 10,000 kms ofroad length has more than doubled in the country since 1970.There has been more than 3 folds increase in the personsinjured per lakh of population from 13 in 1970 to 44.8 in

    2008. Similarly, the persons killed per lakh of populationjumped 4 folds from 2.7 in 1970 to 11.4 in 2010. TheAnalysis of the road accidents in terms of the causativefactors reveals that drivers fault is a single most importantfactor responsible for the accidents, fatalities and injuries.The exposure to the road accident risks may be mitigated bybehavioral standards by adhering to road safety regulationsand policy intervention. Many countries have curbed themenace of road accidents by adopting a multi prongapproach to road safety that encompasses broad range ofmeasures such as traffic management, designs and quality ofroad infrastructure, application of Intelligent TransportSystem, safer vehicles, law enforcement, effective and quickaccident response and care and traffic safety awarenesscampaign etc. Therefore, there is a need to involve multiagencies/sectors like health, transport, NGOs, youth, generalpublic and police for enforcing smooth and accident free drive

    on the Indias road net-work which is second largest in theworld with over 3 million kms of road length of which 60% are

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    ROAD SAFETY WEEK

    The keeping in view the bleak road safety scenario in the country,Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India is

    observing Road Safety Week in the 1st week of January every year.During the year 2010 to 2012, the Road Safety Weeks were observedon the following themes in the country, including West Bengal :

    (i) National Road Safety Week, 2010 - Life Is Safe if Driving Is Safe(ii) National Road Safety Week, 2011 - Road Safety Mission, not

    Intermission(iii) National Road Safety Week, 2012 - Accident Brings Tears, Safety

    Brings Cheers.During the current year, Traffic Safety Week had been observed inthe State by the District/ Traffic Branches of Commissionerate fromJanuary 1 to 7, 2013 on the theme- Stay Alive, Do Not Drink and

    Drive, in order to inculcate the sense of road safety and createawareness amongst masses. During the Road Safety Week, Rallies,Seminars, Traffic Awareness Programmes, display of banners, RoadSigns, dos and donts of Road Safety at important traffic junctions,organisation of exhibitions, distribution of pamphlets, Road Safetymaterials amongst the road users was done throughout the State to

    highlight the significance of Road Safety.

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    The various NGOs, school children, NCC boys, scouts,prominent citizens and general public participated in Traffic

    Safety Week programmes organized in the State. TheGovernment of India is contemplating to add a chapter in theschool curriculum across the country to educate the youngmind highlighting the requirement of the road safety.

    The West Bengal Traffic Police Headquarters has impressed

    upon the field units to organize traffic safety awareness andeducation programmes throughout the year involving the roadusers and the community at large. To achieve the desiredresults, they have been asked to formulate an annual calendarof Road Safety Campaign giving details of events to beorganized throughout the year.

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    IMPORTANT WAYS TO AVOID ACCIDENTS

    1. Drive in the prescribed speed limits on the various roads.Always remember that Speed thrills but kills.

    2. Always put on helmets, seat belts and other safetyequipments before driving a bicycle/ motor cycle/vehicle.Always remember that Safety saves.

    3. Do not drink and drive. Always remember that You cannothold a pen properly after two pegs, what about the drivingwheel?

    4. Never use mobile phones or ear phones while driving. Alwaysremember A mobile call on the road may be the last call ofyour life.

    5. Know the traffic signs, signals, lights and traffic safety rulesbefore you hit the road. Always remember that Road safetyrules are best tools to avoid accidents.

    6. Do not drive for long hours in a stretch. Have a proper beaksafter every 2 hours of continuous driving. Always rememberthat Man is a man and not a machine.