Beginning of Settlements

River Valley Civilisations Struggle for Survival, Safety & Society Transportation, Trade & Commerce Farming, Hunting Fortification

Cities in History

Greek Cities (500 BC)

• Athens / Priene /Miletus • Grid Iron Pattern of Streets• Public Places• Agora ,Acropolis, Theatre ,Stadia• Democratic Way of Life

Indus Valley Civilsation 3000 B. C.

Mohan jodaro Harappa Advanced Town Planning Features Road Pattern Drainage Building Construction Public Bath & Monastry

Bejing – China 11th Cent A.D.

Forbidden City - Centre Imperial City - The palace /Tiananmen

Square Inner City - Home for Artisans,

Craftsmen, Artists, & Shops

Chinese city

Town Planning For Modern Cities

Environment Transportation - Linkages Industrial Seggregation High-rise Blocks

1. Commercial + Residential

2. Work – Commerce – Residence Master Plan

1. Long Term Comprehensive Planning

2. Focus on Social & Physical Infrastructure Besides Landuse Planning.

Ebenezer Honard - (1902)

Garden CityThree Magnets: -

1. Town :- Central Park

2. Country:- Bright Homes & Gardens No smoke No slum

3. People:- Grand Arenues & Boul Evards.

Garden City

Tony Garnier - (1904)

Industrial City

The city of Labour divided city into Four main Functions :-

1. Work :- Functionalism

2. Housing :- Space

3. Health :- High Sun’s hire exposure

4. Leisure :- Greenery

Industrial City

Radburn - (1923)

The new Motorage:- Social Planning

Mechanical means to be planned to facilitate Human life & Civilization.

Comprehensive planning

Ample sites for community use

Industries to be close to transportation nodes

Services to be well planned

Private public partnership for convenience of public – group of building be planned.

Radburn

ASPECTS OF TOWN PLANNING IN MODERN CITIES

Objective of Town Planning

An integrated balanced growth of cities:

Preparation of Master Plan depicting various land uses by way of optimum utilization of land earmarked for uses such as Residential, Recreational, Public & Semi-Public and Commercial and transportation besides open & green areas to achieve a habitable environment.

Master Plan

Zonal Plans District Plans

Area Plans

Town Planning Schemes

Layout Plans

Program/ Project Planning

Public Participation / Stake holders meet

Plan implementation

Existing Towns

Historical Background Changes faced Pattern of development Condition of the developed areas with respect to

Infrastructure (social & Physical) Existing land use pattern Existing densities Existing Transportation network.

Analysis /Identification of Gaps

Interact with the stake holders to plan for future

Add new areas for expansion

Redevelop /redensify existing areas

Improvement of existing areas in terms of infrastructure

Rehabilitation / up gradation areas

New Towns

1. Capital City/ Administer town

2. Industrial Town / Market Town

3. Dormitory Town

4. A counter magnet

5. Silicon- Valley / E-City

Objective/ Theme

Jaipur

Chandigarh

Gandhi Nagar

Select a Site

1. Location2. Hinterland study 3. Land quality4. Land bearing Capacity5. Availability / Nearness To infrastructure – physical : 1.

Water 2. Electricity 3. Telephone

6. Transportation net work – Distance from7. Plan for a projected population8. Workout density pattern9. Land use plan10. Detailed sectoral plans

Planning Standards

Road Network Why need standards

Hierarchy of roads For optimum utilization of space and resources

National High ways based on the paying capacity of the residents,

State High ways and to achieve a more habitable environment,

Arterial Roads standardization of spaces is required in a

Primary Roads planned development.

(Arterial Roads)

Sub Arterial Roads

(Collector Streets)

Local streets

Cycle tracks

Public Transport

Rail Network:- 1. Local Trains

2. Metro Rail

(Needs integration with Road transport.)

Residential

Parking Standards – Equivalent Car Spaces

Open 23 sqm.

GF Covered 28 sqm.

Basement 32 sqm.

Multilevel with Ramps 30 sqm.

Automated Multilevel 16sqm. (with lift)

Number of Cars Required Varies with the activity to be Planned.

LANDUSE

Residential / Neighborhood / Community Commercial – Hierarchy of Commercial Activities

City Centre

District Centre

Community Centre

Local Shopping Centre

Convenient Shopping Centre Recreational Transportation Industrial Public & Semi Public

Social Infrastructure (PSP)

Hospitals - Health

Schools - Education

Colleges - Sports

Communication - Post & Telephone

Security - Safety

Police - Fare

Social Cultural - Banquet Halls

Community Halls

Clubs

Exhibition Halls

Science Centre

Connection Centre

Other Community Facilities - Religions

Old Age Homes / Night Shelters

Cremation / Burial / Grounds

Social Infrastructure - 1

Social Infrastructure - 2

Fatehpur Sikri