Tower Renewal Tr Implementation Book

7/30/2019 Tower Renewal Tr Implementation Book

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]kunx Xn`nubcIlzcnln`}b}ik` Hkkg

B` bzbx}ln`} okll~`i}y ilzxkqnln`} i`i}ib}iqn


2/104


3/104

]kunx Xn`nubcIlzcnln`}b}ik` Hkkg

_nz}nlhnx# 8:22


4/104

]kunx Xn`nubc ubs obxxinm

k~} ui}f bssis}bòn xkl}fn Exnn` L~ìoizbc A~`m#b ~`m `bònm hy }fnEkqnx`ln`} k Ob`bmb b`mbmliìs}nxnm hy }fn Anmnxb}ik`k Ob`bmib` L~ìoizbci}ins@k}ui}fs}b`miè }fis s~zzkx}#}fn qinus nvzxnssnm bxn }fnznxsk`bc qinus k }fn b~}fkx#b`m }fn Anmnxb}ik` k Ob`bmib`L~ìoizbci}ins b`m }fnEkqnx`ln`} k Ob`bmb boonz}`k xnszk`sihici}y kx }fnl

Okzyxief} 8:22# ]fn Oi}y k ]kxk`}k

Bcc xief}s xnsnxqnm @k zbx} k }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc Ilzcnln`}b}ik` Hkkg lby hn okzinm# xnzxkm~onm# kx ~snm i` b`y kxl kx hy b`y

lnb`s ui}fk~} }fn nvzxnssnm uxi}}n` znxlissik` k }fn Oi}y k ]kxk`}k


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6/104

=

Ckob}ik` Lbz akx 2269 Bzbx}ln`} H~icmi`es

Lbz zxnzbxnm hy N.X.B. Bxofi}no}s I`o.


7/104

>]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg

Akxnubxm

]kunx Xn`nubc is b zxkexbl }fb} uicc hxiè hxkbm nok`klio#

n`qixk`ln`}bc b`m skoibc ilzxkqnln`}s }k ]kxk`}ks kcmnx

bzbx}ln`} }kunxs b`m }fn `niefhk~xfkkms }fb} s~xxk~`m

}fnl. ]kxk`}k fbs b fief `~lhnx ka }fnsn h~icmiès

}fxk~efk~} }fn oi}y b`m }fny zxnsn`} ~s ui}f b }xnln`mk~s

kzzkx}~ì}y }k lbgn oklzxnfn`siqn ilzxkqnln`}s }k

]kxk`}ks `niefhk~xfkkms.

Ukxgiè }ken}fnx ui}f }fn Oi}y# h~icmiè ku`nxs b`m }fnzxiqb}n sno}kx ob` ilzxkqn ]kxk`}ks kcmnx bzbx}ln`}

`niefhk~xfkkms# s}bx}iè hy xni`qns}iè i` }fn bzbx}ln`}

h~icmiès }fnlsncqns. Hy ako~siè k` zxkdno}s }fb} xnm~on

~}ici}y oks}s# h~icmiè ku`nxs ob`4

Xnm~onn`nxeyoks}shylkxn}fb`>:.

Iòxnbsnub}nxnaoinòyhylkxn}fb`8:.

Ilzxkqnubs}nmiqnxsik`xb}nshylkxn}fb`?:.

]fis uicc oxnb}n }fk~sb`ms ka znxsk` ynbxs ka nlzckyln`}

i`}fnok`s}x~o}ik`sno}kxkqnx-82hiccikì``n}ubens

akx ]kxk`}kìb`s , b`m h~icmiè xnsimn`}s uicc n`dky

ilzxkqnm ciqiè ok`mi}ik`s.

Ukxgiè i` zbx}`nxsfiz ui}f okll~ì}y kxebìtb}ik`s#

mk`kxs b`m ak~`mb}ik`s# }fn Oi}y uicc fncz ckobc zxkznx}y

ku`nxs bofinqn4

Ilzxkqnln`}s}k}fnexk~`msb`mokllk`szbonsb}

bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès }k s~zzcnln`} nvis}iè z~hcio

aboici}ins

Xnm~o}ik`si`skoibciskcb}ikàkxbzbx}ln`}xnsimn`}s

Ilzxkqnln`}s}ksban}yi`bzbx}ln`}`niefhk~xfkkms

]fxk~ef }fn `nu _]NZ zxkexbl# s}bgnfkcmnxs uicc

hn e~imnm hy bo}ik` zcb`s. Zbx}ioizb`}s i` bzbx}ln`}

`niefhk~xfkkms uicc hn bhcn }k ukxg }ken}fnx }k zcb` b`m

lkì}kx }fnix zxkexnss.

]kunx Xn`nubc is gny }k ilzxkqiè hk}f z~hcio b`m zxiqb}n

iàxbs}x~o}~xn i` ]kxk`}ks kcmnx bzbx}ln`} niefhk~xfkkms

i`bsobccyxnszk`sihcnubyKqnx}iln#}fisuicc

xns~c} i` ocnb`nx# sbanx b`m lkxn bzznbciè bzbx}ln`}

`niefhk~xfkkms boxkss }fn oi}y.

I`boi}yufnxnkqnx>::#:::xnsimn`}sobcc}fnsnkcmnx

bzbx}ln`}s fkln# }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkexbl is oxi}iobc }k

h~icmiè b s~oonssa~c ]kxk`}k.


8/104

1

Nvno~}iqn _~llbxy

I` _nz}nlhnx 8::6#Oi}y Ok~òic xnokeìtnm]kunx Xn`nubc bs b` kzzkx}~ì}y }k lbgn}xnln`mk~s zxkexnss k` b uimn xbèn k Oi}yiì}ib}iqns ]fn ]kunx Xn`nubc Kon ubskxlnm i` nbxcy 8::9 _iòn }fis }iln# s}bfbqn ukxgnm }k kznxb}ik`bcitn }fn kzzkx}~ì}ins}fb} unxn sn} k~} i` }fn Lbykxs ]kunx Xn`nubc

Kzzkx}~ì}insHkkg Zxbo}iobc bzzciob}ik`s unxni`qns}ieb}nm b} b `~lhnx k zick} si}ns ]fn uby}fb} }fn h~icmiès ~sn }fnix xnsk~xons &n`nxey#ub}nx# b`m xnoyociè) ubs lnbs~xnm b`m }fn`bssnssnm }k mn}nxli`n }fn lks} noin`} ubys}k xnm~on ~sben ]fn lb``nxs i` ufiof }fnh~icmiès b`m s~xxk~`miè bxnbs lnn} }fn `nnmsk xnsimn`}s ufk ciqn i` }fn okll~ì}y unxn

mko~ln`}nm b`m kzzkx}~ì}ins kx ilzxkqnln`}simn`}inm

Kqnxbcc# }fn zksi}iqn ilzbo}s }fb} ]kunx Xn`nubc ob`

en`nxb}n bxn mxblb}io Ub}nx b`m n`nxey ~sn b`m

exnn`fk~sn ebs nlissik`s ob` hn mxbs}iobccy xnm~onm7 }fn

zxkm~o}ik` k xn`nubhcn n`nxey ob` hn bofinqnm7 skoibc

`n}ukxgs# b sn`sn k sbn}y# b`m }fn nbsn k }xbqncciè i`

}fn okll~ì}y ob` hn ok`simnxbhcy s}xnè}fn`nm7 b`m

sieìob`} nok`klio exku}f }fxk~ef dkh b`m ckobc h~si`nss

oxnb}ik` xnbcitnm ]fnsn `miès bxn mn}bicnm i` }fis hkkg

]fn okòc~sik` is }fb} ]kunx Xn`nubc is b zxkexbl

}fb} is uncc ukx}f ~`mnx}bgiè ]fn ofbccnèn is fku

}k lbgn i} fbzzn`

K~x s}~mins fbqn sfku` }fb} }fn lks} oklzxnfn`siqn

zxkdno}s uicc zxkqimn }fn hns} kqnxbcc xbèn b`m mnz}f k

hn`n}s ]fnsn zxkdno}s bxn `k} }yziobccy ~`mnx}bgn` }kmby

hnob~sn }fny bxn xnr~n`}cy qinunm bs }kk oklzciob}nmb`m }fn hn`n}s bxn `k} okllk`cy ~`mnxs}kkm Mnszi}n

zxkqimiè b zksi}iqn xn}~x` k` i`qns}ln`}# }fn `bòibc

oklli}ln`} b`m blk~`} k ~`miè xnr~ixnm k}n` mn}nxs

ku`nxs b`m zxkznx}y lb`benxs xkl ~`mnx}bgiè }fnsn

lkxn oklzcnv zxkdno}s

B oi}y,uimn xkcck~} s}xb}ney fbs hnn` oxnb}nm }fb}

iòc~mns }fxnn oklzk`n`}s4

_~s}bi`bhcn]kunxsNèbeièZnkzcn

&_]NZ) zxkexbl

B`bòi ekz}ik`

Bokll~ i}yxnqi}bcitb}ik zxkonss


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5]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg

]fn _]NZ zxkexbl uicc4

zxkqimn}fnkzzkx}~ì}yakxbccbzbx}ln`}h~icmiès}k

zbx}ioizb}n

h~icm}fnobzboi}ykazxkznx}yku`nxsb`mlb`benxs

s}nz,hy,s}nz sk }fb} }fny lby ~`mnx}bgn zxkdno}s k

exnb}nx oklzcnvi}y b`m ui}f exnb}nx hn`n}s

h~icm}fnobzboi}ykaxnsimn }s}kzbx}ioizb}ni`

]kunx Xn`nubc

bssnss}fnznxakxlbòncnqncskah~icmi esk b`

kèkiè hbsis

i`}nexb}nskoibc#o~c}~xbc#nok`kliob`mn`qixk`ln`}bc

iì}ib}iqns i` k`n zxkexbl

]fn xnr~ixnln`} kx `bòiè zxkdno}s fbs bcsk hnn`

i`qns}ieb}nm B zcb` }fb} uicc bxxbèn kx zxkdno} `bòiè

xkl b sk~xon }fb} is k`cy bqbicbhcn kx xn`nubc zxkdno}s

fbs hnn` mnqnckznm ]fn Oi}y fbs }fn kzzkx}~ì}y }k oxnb}n

b snc,`bòiè kz}ik` hbsnm k` hn`n}s }fb} }fn xn`nubc

zxkdno}s oxnb}n B`k}fnx zxiòizcn k }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc

`bòiè s}xb}ney is }k liìlitn `neb}iqn ilzbo}s }k

}n`b`}s m~n }k ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s

]fn _]NZ zxkexbl# }fn `bòn s}xb}ney b`m }fn

okll~ì}y xnqi}bcitb}ik` zxkonss bxn bcc mnsoxihnm i`

mn}bic i` }fis hkkg Bc}fk~ef }fn ukxg mk`n }k mb}n fbs

hnn` uimn xbèiè# }fnxn bxn s}icc bxnbs k i`qns}ieb}ik`

}fb} uicc ~x}fnx bmm }k k~x ~`mnxs}b`miè k fku ]kunx

Xn`nubc ob` hn`n} }fn oi}y I` zbx}io~cbx# b ~x}fnx

xnqinu k oi}y zcb`ìè xne~cb}ik`s b`m bzzxkbofns uicc

fncz ~s ~`mnxs}b`m fku }k ~`ckog }fn qbc~n i`fnxn`}

i` lbgiè ]kunx Xn`nubc okll~ì}ins lkxn oklzcn}n

`niefhk~xfkkms


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6

Hbogexk~`m

]kxk`}k is b oi}y ka }kunxs]fnxn bxn lkxn }fb`2#::: xnsimn`}ibc bzbx}ln`} }kunxs k~`m bccboxkss ]kxk`}k }fb} unxn h~ic} hn}unn` 29=>b`m 296= M~xiè }fis znxikm# okòxn}n xblnbzbx}ln`} }kunxs unxn }fn lks} zkz~cbx `nuxnsimn`}ibc h~icmiès i` }fn oi}y ]fk~sb`msk ~ì}s unxn h~ic} i` livnm `niefhk~xfkkms

}fb} iòc~mnm siècn,blicy fklns# i`m~s}xy#sfkzziè b`m kzn` szbons ]kmby# }fnsnokòxn}n xbln }kunxs bxn beiè b`m i`noin`}b`m }fn kzn` szbon }fb} s~xxk~`ms }fnl is k}n`~`mnx~snm

L~c}i,~ì} Xnsimn`}ibc H~icmiès &L^XHs) i` ]kxk`}k

h~ic} hn}unn` 29=> b`m 296= ui}f 6 s}kxins kx lkxn2

/ k _}kxins / k L^X H~icmiès

6 22 ?21

28 25 =99

26 kx lkxn ?5=

]k}bc 2269$

$Bhk~} 6:: k }fnsn h~icmiès bxn zxiqb}ncy

ku`nm xn`}bc zxkznx}ins

]fnsn h~icmiès bxn ilzkx}b`} }k ]kxk`}k ]fny zxkqimn }fn

lbdkxi}y k k~x xn`}bc fk~siè b`m# oklzbxnm }k }fn }yziobc

sitn k ok`mk ~ì}s h~ic} }kmby# k}n` fbqn cbxen ~ì}s

]fny bxn bcsk ~`mbln`}bccy sk~`m b`m ui}f bzzxkzxib}n

obxn b`m i`qns}ln`} uicc zxkqimn fk~siè kx ~}~xn

en`nxb}ik`s Fkunqnx# }fnxn bxn ofbccnèns Lb`y fbqn

zkkx znxkxlbòn i` n`nxey noinòy# b`m bxn iskcb}nm

xkl sfkzziè b`m k}fnx snxqions ]fnsn ofbccnènszxkqimn nvonccn`} kzzkx}~ì}ins }k s}xnè}fn` bzbx}ln`}

`niefhk~xfkkms b`m }fn s~xxk~`miè bxnbs i` snqnxbc ubys

]kunx Xn`nubc Kzzkx}~ì}y4

ilzxkqiè xnsk~xon ~sn

]fnsn bzbx}ln`}s mnlb`m fief cnqncs k n`nxey znx sr~bxn

ln}xn Ufn` }fn }kunxs unxn h~ic}# n`nxey ok`snxqb}ik`

ubs `k} yn} b ok`simnxb}ik` ]kmby# }fnsn beiè h~icmiès

xnr~ixn ~zexbmns }fb} uicc xnm~on xisiè ~}ici}y oks}s b`m

exnn`fk~sn ebs nlissik`s Zxkdno}s }k xnm~on n`nxey ~sn

lief} iòc~mn xnzcboiè ui`mkus b`m hbcok`y mkkxs ui}f

mk~hcn,zb`n ui`mkus b`m mkkxs# ~zmb}iè fnb}iè b`m

cief}iè sys}nls kx nqn` kqnx,ocbmmiè }fn }kunxs

]kunx Xn`nubc uicc zxklk}n }fn hns} i` exnn` }nof`kckey

}k lbgn s}xkènx# exnn`nx okll~ì}ins boxkss }fn oi}y

2 Aie~xns zxkqimnm xkl mb}b s~zzkx}iè }fn s}~my ]kunx @niefhk~xfkkm Xn`nubc i` }fn Exnb}nx Ekcmn` Fkxsnsfkn4 B` B`bcysis k Fief,Xisn Bzbx}ln`} ]kunx @niefhk~xfkkms

Mnqnckznm i` }fn Zks},Ubx Hkkl &29=>,296=) zxnzbxnm hy NXB Bxofi}no}s# zcb`ìèBccibòn# b`m }fn Oi}ins On`}xn b} }fn ^ìqnxsi}y k ]kxk`}k kx }fn K`}bxik Exku}f

_noxn}bxib}# Liìs}xy k I`xbs}x~o}~xn# @kqnlhnx 8:2:


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]kunx Xn`nubc Kzzkx}~ì}y4

ilzxkqiè okll~ì}y cian

Lb`y bzbx}ln`} `niefhk~xfkkms mk `k} fbqn n`k~efsnxqions &ne oficmobxn# mko}kxs kons# xns}b~xb`}s) b`m

xn}bic &ne exkonxins) ocksn hy Hnob~sn k }fis# xnsimn`}s

fbqn }k }xbqnc }k oklzcn}n }fnix mbicy nxxb`ms

B sieìob`} `~lhnx k xnsimn`}s ciqiè i` bzbx}ln`}

`niefhk~xfkkms bxn `nuoklnxs }k ]kxk`}k Lb`y k }fnsn

okll~ì}ins xnlbi` iskcb}nm xkl }fn xns} k }fn oi}y

Kcmnx bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès bxn zxkli`n`} i` }fn Oi}ys

2? zxikxi}y `niefhk~xfkkms`niefhk~xfkkms }fb} fbqnhnn` imn`}inm bs hniè ~`mnxsnxqnm hy Oi}y snxqions b`m

boici}ins &okll~ì}y on`}xns# xnoxnb}ik` zxkexblliè#

n}o) ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkqimns b` kzzkx}~ì}y }k hxiè

}ken}fnx b hn}}nx liv k cb`m ~sn }fb} uicc bccku xnsimn`}s k

bzbx}ln`} `niefhk~xfkkms }k ubcg kx oyocn ufn` x~`ìè

nxxb`ms# kx nqn` ekiè }k ukxg ]kunx @niefhk~xfkkm

Xnqi}bcitb}ik` ob` hxiè }ken}fnx l~c}izcn s}bgnfkcmnxs#

iòc~miè Oi}y miqisik`s b`m k}fnx zbx}`nxs# }k xnqi}bcitn

]kxk`}ks bzbx}ln`} }kunx `niefhk~xfkkms

Iòxnbsiè }fn `~lhnx k ckobc xn}bic sfkzs# skoibc

snxqions b`m nlzckyln`} kzzkx}~ì}ins uicc bccku }fnsn

`niefhk~xfkkms }k exku i`}k s}xkè# qihxb`} okll~ì}ins

}fb} ]kxk`}ks miqnxsn xnsimn`}s bxn zxk~m }k obcc fkln

]fn ^ì}nm Uby k Exnb}nx ]kxk`}k z~hcisfnm Zkqnx}y hy

Zks}bcOkmn84Qnx}iobcZkqnx}y4MnociìèIòkln#Fk~siè

R~bci}y b`m Okll~ì}y Cian i` ]kxk`}ks I``nx _~h~xhb`

Fief,XisnBzbx}ln`}si` 8:22 ]fn xnzkx} zxnsn`}s `numb}b k` }fn exkuiè okòn`}xb}ik` k zkqnx}y i` }fn Oi}y

k ]kxk`}k# b`m fku }fis }xn`m is lks} qisihcn i` zbx}s

k }fn oi}y ui}f fief,xisn fk~siè ]fn xnzkx} }xbogs }fn

ok`}i`~nm exku}f i` }fn szb}ibc okòn`}xb}ik` k zkqnx}y

i` ]kxk`}k `niefhk~xfkkms# b`m i` fief,xisn h~icmiès

ui}fi` `niefhk~xfkkms I} }fn` nvbli`ns }fn r~bci}y k

cin }fb} fief,xisn h~icmiès bxn zxkqimiè }k }n`b`}s }kmby

I}s zxilbxy ko~s is k` zxiqb}ncy,ku`nm h~icmiè s}kog i`]kxk`}ks i``nx s~h~xhs

]fn On`}xn kx ^xhb` Exku}f b`m Xn`nubc z~hcisfnm ]kunx

@niefhk~xfkkmXn`nubci`}fnExnb}nxEkcmn`Fkxsnsfkn

i` 8:2:# b s}~my okllissik`nm hy }fn Zxkqiòn k K`}bxik

]fis s}~my fbm }uk khdno}iqns4

}k b`bcytn b`m ob}bcke~n }fn nvis}iè s}kog k fief,xisn

xnsimn`}ibc h~icmiès ok`s}x~o}nm xkl 29=>,296= i`

}fn Exnb}nx Ekcmn` Fkxsnfkn }k hn}}nx ~`mnxs}b`m i}s

o~xxn`} xkcn ui}fi` }fn Exnb}nx Ekcmn` Fkxsnsfkn7 b`m

}k nvbli`n }fn zk}n`}ibc kx ]kunx @niefhk~xfkkm

Xn`nubc }k s~zzkx} }fn xnbcitb}ik` k zxkqiòibc

zxikxi}ins

Okòxn}n xbln bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès unxn }yziobccy h~ic} i` oc~s}nxs# ui}f snqnxbc h~icmiès ckob}nm ocksn }ken}fnx

Bzbx}ln`} `niefhk~xfkkm i` }fn ok`}nv} k ]kunx Xn`nubc xnnxs }k }fn bxnb ufnxn snqnxbc k }fnsn h~icmiès nvis} I}

iòc~mns }fn fief,xisn xnsimn`}ibc h~icmiès &}yziobccy 6 s}kxnys kx lkxn) ufnxn b okòn`}xb}nm `~lhnx k xnsimn`}s ciqn bs

uncc bs }fn szbon b`m blnì}ins &ne zbxgs# sofkkcs# xn}bic s}kxns) i` }fn illnmib}n s~xxk~`miè bxnb


12/104

2:

]kunx Xn`nubc Kzzkx}~ì}y4 ilzxkqiè }fn nok`klio n`qixk`ln`}

Hbogexk~`m

I` b }iln k eckhbcitb}ik` b`m k~}sk~xoiè# ok`s}x~o}ik`

dkhs bxn ilzkx}b`} bs }fny ob``k} hn k~}sk~xonm }k b`ksfkxn boici}y

]kunx Xn`nubc xn}xk} zxkdno}s uicc oxnb}n b sieìob`}

`~lhnx k dkhs b`m uicc xnr~ixn ok`s}x~o}ik` b`m h~icmiè

i`m~s}xins }k zxkqimn }xbiìè k` }fn cb}ns} }nof`kckeins b`m

xn}xk} ln}fkms I` }fis uby# ]kunx Xn`nubc uicc ok`}xih~}n

}k b s}xnè}fnìè k ckobc ok`s}x~o}ik` b`m h~icmiè

i`m~s}xins b`m uicc snn ]kxk`}k zxnzbxn i}snc }k xnszk`m }k

}fn ofbèiè nok`kly

]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s uicc xnr~ixn ukxgnxs b`m

zxknssik`bcs ufk bxn sgiccnm i` }fnsn o~}}iè,nmen exnn`}nof`kckeins ]fis xnr~ixnln`} uk~cm s}il~cb}n exku}f

i` }fnsn i`m~s}xins hy nòk~xbeiè }fn mnqnckzln`} k b

cbhk~x kxon }fb} is sgiccnm i` }fn cb}ns} }nof`kckeins

Fbqiè b ckobcitnm fiefcy i``kqb}iqn cbhk~x kxon uicc

fbqn hn`noibc ilzbo}s k` ~}~xn h~icmiè zxkdno}s xief}

boxkss }fn oi}y

I` }fn ok`}nv} k ]kunx Xn`nubc okll~ì}ins# xnsimn`}s

ufk ciqn i` }fn bzbx}ln`} `niefhk~xfkkms k}n` fbqn }k}xbqnc r~i}n b mis}bòn }k zcbons k nlzckyln`} ]kunx

Xn`nubc zxkdno}s zxkqimn b` kzzkx}~ì}y }k oxnb}n ckobc dkh

kzzkx}~ì}ins


13/104

22

8 ]kunx Xn`nubc

]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg


14/104

28

B ocnb`nx b`m exnn`nx oi}y

hy xnm~oiè exnn`fk~sn ebsnlissik`s# iòxnbsiè n`nxeynoinòy# ilzxkqiè }xb`si}#

oyociè b`m znmns}xib`kz}ik`s# ~siè xn`nubhcn b`mmis}xio} n`nxey# b`m ilzxkqièz~hcio szbons# xnoyociè b`mub}nx noinòy lnbs~xns

Iòxnbsnm skoibc b`m o~c}~xbc

hn`n}sb`ms}xkènx

okll~ì}ins}fxk~ef ckobco~c}~xbc iì}ib}iqns b`m

ilzxkqnln`}s }k }fn h~ic}b`m `b}~xbc s~xxk~`miès i``niefhk~xfkkms# iòxnbsnmdkh kzzkx}~ì}ins# hn}}nxbqbicbhici}y k ckobc kkm b`msnxqions# sbn b`m n`dkybhcnokll~ì}y ok``no}ik`s#ilzxkqnm kzn` szbon b`mk~}mkkx xnoxnb}ik`bc szbon#b`m }n`b`} nèbenln`}

Ilzxkqnm ckobc nok`klio

bo}iqi}y}fxk~ef k`,si}n xn}bicb`m snxqions# nlzckyln`}}xbiìè b`m h~si`nss

kzzkx}~ì}ins# zbx}io~cbxcy ièxnn` }nof`kckey

]k bofinqn }fis qisik`#]kunx Xn`nubc uicc ko~s k`xn`nubc bo}iqi}ins }fb} xncb}n}k }fxnn lbdkx khdno}iqns4N`qixk`ln`}bc# _koibc+O~c}~xbc# b`m Nok`klioAkx nbof khdno}iqn# b qbxin}yk sznoio ncnln`}s bxnbmmxnssnm ]fn ekbcs kx nbofkhdno}iqn b`m }fn xnszk`mièncnln`}s bxn sfku` i` Aie~xn2Nbof k }fn }fxnn khdno}iqnsis b` ilzkx}b`} oklzk`n`} k]kunx Xn`nubc

Qisik` b`m Ekbcs4 }fxnn i`}nxckogiè khdno}iqns

]fxk~ef }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}# ]kxk`}ks kcmnx bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès uicc hn }xb`skxlnm }k bofinqn4

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Qisik` b`m Ekbcs


15/104

2?]kunx Xn`nubc 4 I lzcnln`}b} ik` Hkkg

Aie~xn 24 ]kunx Xn`nubc

Kqnxbxofiè

Ncnln`}s4 Oi}yZcb`ìè

Znxli}sb`mBzzxkqbc

Zbx}`nxsfizsb`m

_zk`skxsfizs

Ilzxkqièr~bci}ykacian

uficnliìlitiè`neb}iqnilzbo}sk`xnsimn`}s

Ekbc4

]kn`bhcnbzbx}ln`}`niefhk~xfkkms}k

exkui`}ka~ccyqihxb`}zcbons}fb}lnn}}fnskoibcb`mo~c}~xbc`nnmskaxnsimn`}s

b`mn`fbòn}fnhxkbmnxokll~ì}y.

Ncnln`}s4 ]n`b`}Nèbenln`}

@niefhk~xfkkmBo}ik

Okll~ i}y^sn_zbon

_ban}yB~mi}s

Boonss}kZbxgs+Xbqi`ns

_koibc+O~c}~xbc

Ekbc4

]khkks}]kxk`}ksnok`kly

b`moxnb}nckobcdkhs}fxk~efiòxnbsnm

zxiqb}nsno}kxi`qns}ln`}s.

Ncnln`}s4 Ai`bòi e

Xn }Ilzbo}s

Exnn`]nof`kckey

CkobcNlzckyln`}

Nok`klio

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Qisik`b`mEkbcs

Ncnln`}s4

Okll~ i}yN`nxey

_kcimUbs}n

Ub}nxNaoinòy

Un}Unb}fnxAcku

Exnn`fk~snEbsLkì}kxiè

Znmns}xib`+Oyociè

]xnnOb`kzy

Ciqnexnn`

Ekbc4

]kbofinqnfiefn`qixk`ln`}bcb`m

k}fnxznxakxlbòns}b`mbxmsi`]kxk`}ks

bzbx}ln`}h~icmiès}fb}uiccxns~c}i`

ckunx~}ici}yoks}s..

N`qixk`ln`}bc


16/104

2=

Zbx}`nxsfizs

Oi}y b`m Zxkqiòibc cneiscb}ik`# xne~cb}ik`s# s}xb}neins b`m

zxkexbls nvis} }fb} okxxnszk`m ui}f }fn }fxnn khdno}iqns# b`m}f~s zxkqimn b` kzzkx}~ì}y kx ]kunx Xn`nubc }k i`}nexb}n

ui}f nvis}iè zxbo}ions }k lbvilitn hn`n}s

]fn ]kunx Xn`nubc iì}ib}iqn is b zbx}`nxsfiz hn}unn` }fn

z~hcio# zxiqb}n b`m qkc~`}bxy sno}kxs ]kunx Xn`nubc i`qkcqns

l~c}izcn s}bgnfkcmnxs# iòc~miè# h~} `k} cili}nm }k#

zxiqb}n sno}kx xls# `k`,ekqnx`ln`} kxebìtb}ik`s# k}fnx

cnqncs k ekqnx`ln`}# b`m lb`y Oi}y Miqisik`s# Benòins#Hkbxms b`m Okllissik`s

BaakxmbhcnFk~si eKaon

Oficmxn s_nxqions

Oi}yZcb`ì e

Ai`bòn

Nok`klioMnqnckzln }!O~c}~xn

Nlnxen oyLnmiobc_nxqions

Nlzckyln }b`m_koibc_nxqions

Aixn_nxqions

L~ ioizbcCion`siè!_}b`mbxms

KaonkaZbx}`nxsfizs

Zbxgs#Akxns}xy!Xnoxnb}ik`

Z~hcioFnbc}f

_fnc}nx#_~zzkx}!Fk~si eBmli is}xb}ik`

_koibcMnqnckzln }#Ai bòn!Bmli is}xb}ik`

_kcimUbs}nLb`benln`}

]kxk }kH~icmi e

]kxk }kN`qixk`ln }Kaon

]kxk }kUb}nx

]xb`szkx}b}ik`_nxqions

]kxk`}kZ~hcioFnbc}f

]kxk }kOkll~ì}yFk~si eOkxzkxb}ik`

]kxk`}kZkcion_nxqion

]kxk`}kZ~hcioCihxbxy

Bs b` iì}ib}iqn bilnm b} ilzxkqiè bzbx}ln`} okll~ì}ins#

]kunx Xn`nubc zxkqimns snxqion i`}nexb}ik` b`milzxkqnln`}

_nn Bog`kucnmenln`}s k` zben 95 kx b cis} k nv}nx`bc

zbx}`nxs }k mb}n

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Qisik` b`m Ekbcs


17/104

2>]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg

]fn i`qns}ieb}ik` ka ]kunx Xn`nubc ncnln`}s b}

}fn zick} si}ns fbs zxkqimnm ok`simnxbhcn nqimnòn}fb} ]kunx Xn`nubc sfk~cm hn ilzcnln`}nmoi}y,uimn b`m }fb} mkiè sk uicc bofinqn mxblb}ioxns~c}s boxkss ]kxk`}k ]fn nonssbxy i`kxlb}ikìs `ku bqbicbhcn }k mnqnckz b s~oonss~c#oi}y,uimn xkcck~} s}xb}ney ]fn zick} si}ns uicc

ok`}i`~n i` }fnix mnqnckzln`} b`m uicc zxkqimnbmmi}ik`bc i`kxlb}ik` }fb} uicc ~x}fnx i`kxl }fnilzcnln`}b}ik` k ~}~xn xn`nubc zxkdno}sW_nnAie~xn 8# `nv} zben\

]fn nbsihici}y s}~mins ~`mnx}bgn`# zbx}`nxsfizs mnqnckznm

ui}f }fn zxkznx}y ku`nxs# h~icmiè lb`benln`} s}b b`m

xnsimn`}s# b`m b` nvbli`b}ik` k }fn zfysiobc# skoibc b`m

`bòibc si}~b}ik` b} bzbx}ln`} }kunxs fbqn zxkqimnm }fn

`miès b`m i`kxlb}ik` `nnmnm }k ok`mn`}cy mnqnckz b

xnszk`siqn oi}y,uimn xkcck~} s}xb}ney ]kunx Xn`nubc bo}iqi}ins

fbqn sfku` }fn kcckuiè4

B`~lhnxkaofbccnènso~xxn }cynvis}i ]kxk`}k

bzbx}ln`} }kunxs4

0 I`qns}ln`}s i` }fn }kunxs bxn lks}cy lbmn k` b` bs

`nnmnm hbsis

0 Xnsimn`}s fbqn b qnxy cku cnqnc k kzzkx}~ì}y kx

i`qkcqnln`} i` }fnix h~icmiè

0 G`kucnmen k }fn zk}n`}ibc hn`n}s k xn`nubc

zxkdno}s is qnxy cku

0 Ilzxkqnln`}s bxn `nnmnm i` }fn ku`nxs obzboi}y }k

mnsie`# knx b`m ~`mnx}bgn oklzxnfn`siqn xn`nubc

zxkdno}s

Mnanxxnmlbi }n`b onzxkdno}sob hnoklhi nmui}f

n`qixk`ln`}bc xn}xk}s }k xnm~on kqnxbcc oks}s b`m

ilzxkqn noinòy

]fnxnis}xnln`mk~skzzkx}~ì}y}kbofinqnbuimnxbèn

k hn`n}s hy i`}nexb}iè }fn mnciqnxy k ]kunx Xn`nubc

zxkdno}s }k i`qkcqn bofinqnln`}s i` bcc }fxnn khdno}iqns

]fns~oonssi`b yk`n]kunxXn`nubckhdno}iqn

xnr~ixns }fb} }fn k}fnx khdno}iqns bxn bmmxnssnm

sil~c}b`nk~scy ]f~s# }fn }fxnn khdno}iqns bxn

i`}nx,mnzn`mn`} b`m `nnm }k h~icm ~zk` nbof k}fnx

B`bc}nx`b}iqn}ko~xxn`}`bòièln}fkmsis nnmnm

}k s~zzkx} ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s

]kunx Xn`nubc s}b bxn ilzcnln`}iè b zcb` }fb} uicc lkqn

}fn ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno} }kubxms b oi}y,uimn xkcck~}# b`m

bo}iqn b`m boonssihcn zbx}ioizb}ik` k bcc s}bgnfkcmnxs#

iòc~miè zxkznx}y ku`nxs# xnsimn`}s# Oi}y s}b# b`m

okll~ì}y kxebìtb}ik`s boxkss ]kxk`}k ]fis zcb` ok`}bi`s

}fxnn oklzk`n`}s4

]fn _~s}bi`bhcn ]kunxs Nèbenm Znkzcn &_]NZ)

zxkexbl4 mnsie`nm }k iòxnln`}bccy h~icm }fn obzboi}y

k zxkznx}y ku`nxs }k ~`mnx}bgn iòxnbsiècy s~hs}b`}ibc

]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s# b`m }k k~}ci`n }fn qbxik~s }yzns

k s~zzkx} bqbicbhcn }k ku`nxs hy }fn Oi}y b`m hy k}fnx]kunx Xn`nubc zbx}`nxs

B`bòi ekz}ik`4 b s}xb}ney }fb} uicc lbgn skln k }fn

lkxn nvzn`siqn xn}xk}s# s~of bs kqnx,ocbmmiè# b lkxn

b}}xbo}iqn b`m bkxmbhcn kz}ik` kx zxkznx}y ku`nxs

Bokll~ì}yxnqi}bcitb}ik`zxkonss4b zxkonss i`}n`mnm

}k zxklk}n okll~ì}y,uimn ilzxkqnln`}s hy n`s~xiè

}fb} ]kunx Xn`nubc bo}iqi}ins bxn i`}nexb}nm ui}f k}fnx

Oi}y# zxkqiòibc# b`m okll~ì}y,hbsnm zxkexbls b`m

s}xb}neins

Oi}y,uimn ]kunx Xn`nubc


18/104

21

8:?:

8:22

8::9

Aie~xn 84 Bofinqiè Oklzxnfn`siqn ]kunx Xn`nubc

Lkqnln } }fxk~ef s}bens Ilzcnln }b}ik` k ufb} ubs cnbx nm

Zick} _i}ns

8::9 8:22

I`qns}ieb}ik`

Nvzckxn kzzkx}~ì}ins# ok`m~o}

nbsihici}y s}~mins# b`m eb}fnx

i`kxlb}ik`

Zcb`ìè

_ncno} zxkdno}s# mnqnckz ukxg zcb`

Bo}ik`

Ilzcnln`} Zick} _i}n zxkdno}s#

}xbog zxkonss b`m k~}oklns

Ai`bc Nqbc~b}ik`

Nqbc~b}n zxkdno}s# zxnzbxn

Obsn _}~mins# b`m lbgn

xnoklln`mb}ik s kx

bmd~s}iè _]NZ zxkexbl

Mnqnckzln`} kaOi}y,Uimn Xkcck~} _}xb}ney

8:2: 8:22

Mnqnckz _]NZ zxkonss

Xnsnbxof# ok`s~c} ui}f

s}bgnfkcmnxs# a`bcitn

_]NZ zxkexblZxnzbxn Ai`bòn Kz}ik`

Xnr~ns} zxkqiòibc

xne~cb}ik` ofbèn

Oxnb}n ]kunx Xn`nubc Okxzkxb}ik`

Okll~ì}y xnqi}bcitb}ik`

I`}nexb}n ui}f Oi}y iì}ib}iqns

}fb} zxklk}n okll~ì}y,uimn

ilzxkqnln`}s

Xnoklln`mb}ik`s axkl

Zick} Obsn _}~mins

Xnqisn }fn _]NZ zxkexbl

i `nnmnm hbsnm k` zick}

obsn s}~mins

Ilzcnln`}b}ik` kaOi}y,Uimn Xkcck~} _}xb}ney

8:22 8:?:

N`xkcln`}

K~}xnbof b`m n`xkc h~icmiès

i` }fn _]NZ zxkexbl

Bmliìs}xb}ik`

Kznxb}n }fn _]NZ zxkexbl

Zxkqimn a`bòibc kz}ik` &s~hdno} }k

zxkqiòibc ofbèns)

Xnoklln`mb}ik`s b`m

Xnqisik`s

Mko~ln`} b`m nqbc~b}n }fn zxkonss

b`m k~}oklns# lbgn xnoklln`,

mb}ik`s kx n`fbòiè }fn _]NZzxkexbl# lbgn xnqisik`s ufnxn

bzzxkzxib}n

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Oi}y,uimn ]kunx Xn`nubc


19/104


_~s}bi`bhcn ]kunxs# NèbenmZnkzcn &_]NZ)

]fn ]kunx Xn`nubc kon is zxkzksiè b zxkexblobccnm _~s}bi`bhcn ]kunxs# Nèbenm Znkzcn&_]NZ) }k s~zzkx} uimnszxnbm zbx}ioizb}ik` hyh~icmiè ku`nxs i` ]kunx Xn`nubc

Ufb} is _]NZ;

]fn _]NZ zxkexbl is mnsie`nm }k iòxnln`}bccy h~icm

}fn obzboi}y k zxkznx}y ku`nxs }k ~`mnx}bgn iòxnbsiècy

s~hs}b`}ibc ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s# b`m }k k~}ci`n }fn

qbxik~s }yzns k s~zzkx} bqbicbhcn }k ku`nxs hy }fn Oi}y

b`m hy k}fnx ]kunx Xn`nubc zbx}`nxs Hy kcckuiè }fn

_]NZ zxkexbl# i} is nvzno}nm }fb} bcc ku`nxs k bzbx}ln`}

h~icmiès i` ]kxk`}k uicc hn bhcn }k ~`mnx}bgn ]kunx Xn`nubc

zxkdno}s i` }fnix h~icmiès b`m uicc# }fnxnkxn# bofinqn n`nxey

sbqiès b`m ilzxkqnm ciqiè ok`mi}ik`s kx }n`b`}s

_ilicbx}k}fnCNNM zxkexbl# }fn _]NZ zxkexbl uicc bo}

bs b znxkxlbòn xb}iè sys}nl b`m uicc bccku Oi}y s}b#

zxkznx}y ku`nxs b`m k}fnx s}bgnfkcmnxs }k ~`mnxs}b`m fku

}fn znxkxlbòn b`m blnì}ins k b zbx}io~cbx bzbx}ln`}

h~icmiè oklzbxns ui}f k}fnx bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès i` ]kxk`}k

]fis zxkexbl is exk~`mnm i` `miès xkl }fn zick} si}ns

b`m xkl silicbx }kunx xn`nubc bo}iqi}ins i` k}fnx zbx}s k}fn ukxcm ]fn mn}bics k }fn oklzk`n`}s k }fn zxkexbl

bxn zxncili`bxy b`m uicc ~`mnxek b snxins k ok`s~c}b}ik`

bo}iqi}ins hnkxn hniè `bcitnm

Xnokeìtiè }fb} h~icmiès uicc nèben i` }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc

zxkexbl b} qbxyiè cnqncs k obzboi}y b`m zbx}ioizb}ik`# }fn

_]NZ zxkexbl is i`}n`mnm4

}kimn }iaybs}nz,hy,s}nzzxkonssakxi oxnln }bccy

h~icmiè }fn obzboi}y k h~icmiè ku`nxs b`m k}fnx

s}bgnfkcmnxs }k ~`mnx}bgn iòxnbsiècy s~hs}b`}ibc ]kunx

Xn`nubc zxkdno}s

}kk~}ci`n}fn}bsgsxnr~ixnmb`m}fnxncb}nm

ok`simnxb}ik`s kx sznoio ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s

}kimn }iaykzzkx}~ì}insakxs~zzkx}iqnxkcnshyOi}yka

]kxk`}k Miqisik`s b`m k}fnx zbx}`nxs kx nbof zk}n`}ibc

]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}

]fn _]NZ zxkexbl uicc nvzb`m ]kunx Xn`nubcs

}xb`skxlb}iqn ilzbo}s }k b` nvzno}nm 2#::: ]kxk`}k

bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès# iòc~miè zxiqb}n kx,zxk} b`m

`k`,zxk} h~icmiès ]fn zxkzksnm _]NZ zxkexbl uicc hn

e~imnm hy qn gny zxiòizcns4

Iòc~siqn _]NZ uicc hn oxnb}nm i` b uby }fb} bcckus i}

}k hn bzzcinm }k b`y ]kxk`}k bzbx}ln`} h~icmiè

Iòxnln }bcExku}f Nbof s}ben k _]NZ h~icms ~zk`

}fn bo}ik`s+lnbs~xns k }fn zxnqik~s s}ben

Ok sis}n }b`mOklzcnln }bxy]fn Oi}y k ]kxk`}k

is i`qkcqnm i` b uimn xbèn k bo}iqi}ins }fb} xncb}n }k

]kunx Xn`nubc _]NZ is i`}n`mnm }k ukxg i` ok`sis}n`}

b`m oklzcnln`}bxy ubys ui}f nvis}iè zxkexbls b`m

s}xb}neins

Lnbì ea~c_]NZ uicc zxkqimn b ocnbx zb}f }k bofinqiè

}fn ekbcs b`m khdno}iqns k ]kunx Xn`nubc

Acnvihcn_]NZ uicc hn mnsie`nm sk }fb} i} ob` hn

bmd~s}nm bs }iln zbssns }k xnano} ~zmb}nm s}b`mbxms

b`m nlnxeiè okònx`s



20/104

26 ]fn _]NZ zxkexbl is b s}benm zxkonss }fb} iòc~mns b k~`mb}ik` s}ben kcckunm hy k~x s}nzs.

]fn kcckuiè ofbx} mnsoxihns bcc aqn _]NZs b`m nvblzcns k zkssihcn bo}iqi}ins kx nbof s}nz4

Cnqnc Bo}ik`s Bo}iqi}y

Ak~`mb}ik`_}ben

Zxnzbxb}ikÌ` }fn k~`mb}ik` s}ben# }fn zxkznx}y ku`nx is n`xkccnm i`}k }fn

zxkexbl. I`kxlb}ik` uicc hn okccno}nm b`m }xbognm }k mn}nxli`n b

hbsnci`n. ]fis hbsnci`n uicc hn ~snm }k lnbs~xn }fn h~icmiès

zxkexnss }fxk~ef }fn _]NZ zxkexbl.

]fn zxilbxy bo}iqi}ins i`qkcqnm i` }fis zxnzbxb}kxy s}ben iòc~mn

okccno}iè nvis}iè mb}b &i.n. }xbogiè oks}s i`qkcqnm ui}f ~}ici}y

ok`s~lz}ik`)# oxnb}iè b` i`qn`}kxy k nvis}iè xnsk~xons b`m

h~icmiè bssn}s.

_]NZ 2

Cnbxìè b`m Zcb`ìè

_]NZ 2 i`qkcqns h~icmiè }fn g`kucnmen b`m sgiccs nonssbxy }k

mnqnckz b`m ilzcnln`} ~}~xn zcb`s. ]fis s}ben uicc h~icm ~zk` }fn

a`miès xkl }fn s}~mins ok`m~o}nm b} }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc si}ns b`m

o~s}klitn xnoklln`mb}ik`s kx nbof h~icmiè.

Nvblzcns k bo}iqi}ins iòc~mn ok`m~o}iè b~mi}s b`m }nofìobc

s}~mins# okccno}iè mb}b# mn}nxliìè }fn nnm kx nm~ob}ik`

b`m }xbiìè snssik`s kx h~icmiè s}b# b`m ~`mnx}bgiè }n`b`}

s~xqnys.

_]NZ 8Ilzcnln`}b}ik`

_]NZ 8 i`qkcqns i`qns}ln`}s i` sfkx},}nxl ilzxkqnln`}s. ]fn ko~s

is k` ilzcnln`}iè zxkdno}s }fb} xns~c} i` sieìaob`} yn} nbsicy b}}bi,

`bhcn hn`na}s. En`nxbccy }fnsn zxkdno}s bxn xn}xka}s ui}f cnss }fb` baqn,ynbx silzcn zbyhbog k` i`qns}ln`}.

I` }fis s}ben# mnqnckziè b`m ilzcnln`}iè b s}xb}ney }k

nèben }n`b`}s is k`n oklzk`n`}. Nvblzcns k k}fnx zkssihcn

bo}iqi}ins iòc~mn ofbèiè }k n`nxey naoin`} cief}iè# xnzcboièsfkunxfnbms# i`s}bcciè bnxb}kxs k` b~on}s# ilzxkqiè xnoyociè

nkx}s b`m nèbeiè }n`b`}s i` zbx}ioizb}kxy s}~mins cign }fn

ubcgbhici}y s}~mins ok`m~o}nm hy }fn ^ìqnxsi}y k ]kxk`}k b`m

Db`ns Ubcg.

_]NZ ?Fief Znxkxlbòn

_]NZ ? xnr~ixns i`qns}ln`} i` oklzxnfn`siqn ilzxkqnln`}s. H~icmiè

k` }fn lkln`}~l b`m sgicc obzboi}y ns}bhcisfnm i` }fn zxnqik~s

cnqncs# h~icmiè ku`nxs uicc ~`mnxs}b`m fku }k xnbcitn nqn` exnb}nx

hn`na}s. ]fis s}ben uk~cm iòc~mn oklzxnfn`siqn h~icmiè xn}xka}s

b`m }fn zxkqisik` k bmmi}ik`bc szbon kx k`,si}n okll~ì}y ~sn.

Nvblzcns k zkssihcn bo}iqi}ins iòc~mn i`s}bcciè b` n`nxey

naoin`} fnb}iè+okkciè sys}nl# kqnx,ocbmmiè# mnqnckziè b

okll~ì}y ebxmn`# b`m xnqi}bcitiè }n`b`} xnoxnb}ik` szbon

}fxk~ef xn`kqb}ik`s b`m+kx zxkexbllnm bo}iqi}ins.

_]NZ =Cnbmnxsfiz

I` _]NZ =# }fn h~icmiè ku`nx is i` b zksi}ik` }k hn b cnbmnx i`

zxklk}iè nu }nof`kckey# nu skc~}ik`s b`m hns} s}xb}neins. ]fxk~efnvblzcn# }fn h~icmiè ku`nx mnlk`s}xb}ns fku ~siè i``kqb}iqn

n`nxey ok`snxqb}ik` lnbs~xns b`m xnsimn`} nèbenln`} ln}fkms

}ken}fnx oxnb}n b s}xkènx# lkxn ciqnbhcn okll~ì}y.

Nvblzcns k zkssihcn zxkdno}s b} }fis s}nz lief} iòc~mn

k`,si}n n`nxey en`nxb}ik` b`m k,si}n }n`b`},cnm okll~,ì}y zxkdno}s.


21/104

8: ] X c Oi} im ] X c _]NZ


22/104

8:

Ilzcnln`}b}ik` ka _]NZ

]kunx Xn`nubc s}b uicc ok`m~o} k~}xnbof bo}iqi}ins }k

xbisn bubxn`nss b`m nèben h~icmiè ku`nxs i` }fn _]NZzxkexbl Kòn n`xkccnm i` }fn _]NZ zxkexbl# ]kunx

Xn`nubc h~icmiès uicc hn s~zzkx}nm hy }fn Oi}y b`m k}fnx

s}bgnfkcmnxs }k lkqn }fxk~ef }fn s~hsnr~n`} cnqncs

Hnob~sn lb`y h~icmiès fbqn bcxnbmy hne~` }k ilzcnln`}

skln bszno}s k }fn _]NZ zxkexbl &ne mb}b }xbogiè#

okll~ì}y xnqi}bcitb}ik`# xn}xk}s# n}o)# i} is nvzno}nm

}fb} h~icmiès uicc n`}nx }fn zxkexbl b} minxn`} _]NZs#

mnzn`miè k` }fn gi`m k zxnzbxb}ik` b`m+kx ilzxkqnln`}s

}fny lby fbqn bcxnbmy ~`mnx}bgn` Bmmi}ik`bccy# zbx}ioizb`}s

uicc qbxy i` }fnix obzboi}y kx zcb`ìè b`m ilzcnln`}iè

zxkdno}s sk }fn sznnm k lkqnln`} }fxk~ef }fn _]NZs is

bcsk nvzno}nm }k qbxy

]fn Ak~`mb}ik` s}ben b`m _]NZ 2 &Zcb`ìè) bxn

zxkdno}nm }k kh}bi` sieìob`} n`xkcln`} hbsnm k` ]kunx

Xn`nubc zxkqimiè zxkdno} zcb`ìè }kkcs# boici}b}iè

znnx,}k,znnx s~zzkx} b`m n`bhciè nbsy boonss }k iòn`}iqn

zxkexbls

_]NZs 8 &Ilzcnln`}b}ik`)# ? &Fief Znxkxlbòn) b`m =

&Cnbmnxsfiz)bxniòxnln`}bccylkxnoklzcnvb`mxnr~ixn

exnb}nx obzboi}y k` }fn zbx} k h~icmiè lb`benln`}# h~y,i`

xkl }fn }n`b`}s b`m s~hs}b`}iqn `bòiè I b` nno}iqn

`bòiè kz}ik` is bqbicbhcn# i} is nvzno}nm }fb} ui}fi` b 8:

ynbx }ilnxbln# bclks} bcc k }fn h~icmiès uicc fbqn xnbofnm

_]NZ ?# ui}f =:: k }fksn h~icmiès lkqiè k`}k _]NZ =

Zxkdno}nm _]NZ Zbx}ioizb}ik` i` nbof

_]NZ#8:228:?:&`k.kah~icmiès)$

8:22 8:2> 8:8: 8:?:

_]NZ = Cnbmnxsfiz

?>:

8::=::

_]NZ ? Fief Znxkxlbòn

>8::

>::9::

_]NZ 8 Ilzcnln`}b}ik`

8:>::

6::2:::

_]NZ 2 Zcb`ìè

2::5::

2:::2:::

Ak~`mb}ik` Zxnzbxb}ik`

?::2:::

2:::2:::

$ Zxkdno}ik`s bxn hbsnm k` xnqinus k }fn zbx}ioizb}ik` xb}n

k h~icmiès i` ]kxk`}k i` siv xncb}nm zxkexbls b`m k` i`z~}

xkl s}bgnfkcmnx ok`s~c}b}ik`s

_]NZ bs b cnbmnxsfiz }kkc i` ]kunx Xn`nubc

Mko~ln`}iè }fn zxkonss b`m k~}oklns kx nbof h~icmiè

n`xkccnm is ziqk}bc }k }fn _]NZ zxkexbl Hy mko~ln`}iè

b`m bzzcyiè `miès }k s~hsnr~n`} zbx}ioizb`}s# }fn _]NZ

zxkexbl uicc xnlbi` o~xxn`} b`m i``kqb}iqn# uicc s~oonnm

i` oxnb}iè b o~l~cb}iqn cihxbxy k hns} zxbo}ions# b`m uicc

zksi}ik` ]kxk`}k blkè ukxcm cnbmnxs i` oxnb}iè ciqiè

n`qixk`ln`}s }fb} bxn nokckeiobccy b`m skoik,nok`kliobccys~s}bi`bhcn

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Oi}y,uimn ]kunx Xn`nubc 0 _]NZ


23/104


Ok`s~c}b}ik`s uicc iàkxl }fn o~xxn`} _]NZ

zxkzksbc

]fn o~xxn`} _]NZ zxkzksbc is hbsnm k` }fn `miès xkl

xnqinuiè zxbo}ions b`m zxkexbls i` k}fnx zbx}s k }fn

ukxcm b`m i` i`qns}ieb}iè }fn okònz}s b} }fn zick} si}ns

Fkunqnx# }k n`s~xn }fb} }fn _]NZ zxkexbl is s~oonss~c i`bofinqiè }fn ekbcs b`m qisik` k ]kunx Xn`nubc boxkss }fn

oi}y# i} is ilznxb}iqn }fb} }fn zxkexbl hn exk~`mnm i` }fn

`nnms b`m kzzkx}~ì}ins k bcc ]kunx Xn`nubc s}bgnfkcmnxs

Bs s~of# }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc kon is ~`mnx}bgiè b`

nv}n`siqn ok`s~c}b}ik` zxkonss ]kunx Xn`nubc s}b

nèbenm ]kxk`}k bzbx}ln`} ku`nxs# xnsimn`}s# Oi}y s}b#

i`m~s}xy xnzxnsn`}b}iqns# b`m k}fnx s}bgnfkcmnxs }k zxkqimn

i`z~} i`}k }fn zxkzksnm _]NZ zxkexbl Ok`s~c}b}ik` }kziosiòc~mnm4

Ufiofoklzk`n`}ssfk~cmhni oc~mnmi`}fnkqnxbcc

_]NZ zxkonss

Fku}fnznxakxlb onka}fn_]NZzxkexblob hns}

hn lnbs~xnm

Ufb}i}nls&inzk}n }ibczxkdno}s#zcb`ì e}kkcs)}k

iòc~mn i` }fn }kkc gi} kx nbof s}nz

Kzzkx}~ì}insakxs~zzkx}iqnxkcnshyOi}ys}baa#Oi}y

zxkexbls b`m iì}ib}iqns# b`m k}fnx zbx}`nxs

Akcckuiè }fis xs} xk~`m k ok`s~c}b}ik`s# }fn _]NZ

zxkexbl uicc hn xnqisnm bs `nonssbxy b`m kèkiè

ok`s~c}b}ik`s uicc hn ok`m~o}nm }k n`s~xn }fb} }fn xnqisik`s

xnlbi` bzzxkzxib}n b`m nbsihcn

]fn s}xkè ko~s k` mko~ln`}iè }fn zxkonss b`milzbo}s &bs mnsoxihnm bhkqn) b`m }fn oyociobc mnsie` k

}fn oi}y,uimn xkcck~} s}xb}ney Wsnn Aie~xn 8# zben 21\#

uicc bccku }fn _]NZ zxkexbl }k xnlbi` anvihcn b`m }k

knx ok`}i`~k~s ilzxkqnln`}s }fb} xnano} ofbèiè

}nof`kckeins# kzzkx}~ì}ins# b`m ofbccnèns I` }fis

uby# }fn _]NZ zxkexbl is i`}n`mnm }k xnlbi` b }ilncnss

bzzxkbof }fb} lkqns }fn exnb}ns} zkssihcn `~lhnx k

bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès }kubxms bofinqiè oklzxnfn`siqn]kunx Xn`nubc

88 ]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Oi}y,uimn ]kunx Xn`nubc


24/104

88

Obzi}bc ok`simnxb}ik`s b`mi`bòiè kz}ik`s

]fn ilzxnssiqn `miès xkl }fn }nofìobcs}~mins bxn ocnbxoklzxnfn`siqn ]kunxXn`nubc zxkdno}s bxn b ekkm i`qns}ln`}]fny uicc zby kx }fnlsncqns kqnx }iln }fxk~efzksi}iqn xn}~x`s xkl xnm~onm ~}icic}y oks}s#ckunx lbi`}n`bòn oks}s b`m ilzxkqnmzxkznx}y qbc~ns

Fkunqnx# }fn i`qns}ln`} zbyhbog kx oklzxnfn`siqn ]kunx

Xn`nubc is k}n` `k} bs bqk~xbhcn bs }fn zbyhbogs knxnm

hy k}fnx }yzns k i`qns}ln`}s Hbsnm k` i`kxlb}ik`

xnoniqnm xkl zxkznx}y ku`nxs k zxiqb}ncy ku`nm xn`}bc

h~icmiès# i} is ~`cigncy }fb} }fn cbxen blk~`}s k lk`ny

`nnmnm kx lbdkx xn}xk} zxkdno}s uicc hn i`qns}nm i` }fn

}kunxs ui}fk~} b` b}}xbo}iqn `bòiè s}xb}ney @k`,

zxk} fk~siè fbs ~`miè kzzkx}~ì}ins }fb} bxn `k}

bqbicbhcn }k zxiqb}ncy ku`nm h~icmiès Zxiqb}n h~icmiè

ku`nxs bxn i` `nnm k b `bòiè s}xb}ney }fb} uicc oxnb}n

b zksi}iqn xn}~x` k` }fnix i`qns}ln`}s i` ]kunx Xn`nubc

zxkdno}s ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s mk knx b zksi}iqn

xn}~x` k` i`qns}ln`}# h~} }fny ob``k} oklzn}n ui}f

k}fnx i`qns}ln`}s ufiof fbqn fiefnx xb}ns k xn}~x` Bs

b xns~c}# }fn lk`ny `nnmnm kx ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s

is k}n` i`qns}nm ncsnufnxn Ui}fk~} b `bòiè s}xb}ney#

oklzxnfn`siqn ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s uicc cigncy `k} }bgnzcbon i` }fn 6:: zxiqb}ncy ku`nm h~icmiès

]kunx Xn`nubc s}b ukxgnm ui}f Lkxxisk` Zbxg Bmqiskxs

b`m k}fnxs }k mn}nxli`n }fn hns} bzzxkbof }k n`s~xiè }fb}

]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s bxn b zxbo}iobc ofkion kx zxkznx}y

ku`nxs ]fis zbx}`nxsfiz fbs cnm }k }fn mnqnckzln`} k b

lnofbìsl kx ns}bhcisfiè b snzbxb}n sk~xon k ~`miè

bqbicbhcn k`cy kx ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s }k zxkqimn }fn

~`ms `nnmnm }k ilzxkqn ]kxk`}ks fief,xisn bzbx}ln`}h~icmiès

]fis s}xb}ney uk~cm lbgn `bòiè }fn lkxn

oklzxnfn`siqn ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s b lkxn b}}xbo}iqn

kz}ik` }k h~icmiè ku`nxs# b`m bcc }fn oks}s }k }fn Oi}y kx

}fn ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s uk~cm hn xnokqnxnm]k s~zzkx} }fis bc}nx`b}iqn `bòiè s}xb}ney# b `nu

]kunx Xn`nubc Okxzkxb}ik` ok~cm ~`mnx}bgn }fn ~`miè

bxxbènln`}s ]fn h~icmiè ku`nxs b`m }fn ]kunx

Xn`nubc Okxzkxb}ik` uk~cm n`}nx i`}k b ckè,}nxl ok`}xbo}

}fb} uk~cm snn }fn Okxzkxb}ik` zxkqimn }fn snxqions }k

ilzcnln`} b`m lbi`}bi` }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc xn}xk}s kx }fn

m~xb}ik` k }fn ok`}xbo} ]fn snxqions zxkqimnm uk~cm hn k

fief r~bci}y b`m knxnm b} b oklzn}i}iqn zxion

Lkxxisk` Zbxg Bmqiskxs xnoklln`m }fb} }fn Oi}y snng

}k iòc~mn b ok`}xbo} ocb~sn }fb} eiqns }fn nns zxikxi}y

cin` s}b}~s# b`m uk~cm }fnxnkxn n`s~xn }fb} }fn l~ìoizbc

]kunx Xn`nubc Okxzkxb}ik`s i`qns}ln`} i` }fn h~icmiès

xnlbi`s sno~xn ]fis bxxbènln`} uk~cm hn silicbx }k ufb}

koo~xs }kmby i b zxkznx}y ku`nx mkns `k} zby fis ub}nx hicc

]fn ~`zbim blk~`} is bmmnm }k }fn zxkznx}y }bv hicc I b

zxkznx}y ku`nx mim `k} zby }fn nn kx ilzcnln`}iè }fn

]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s# }fn nns kuiè uk~cm hn bmmnm }k

}fn zxkznx}y }bv hicc I }fn ku`nx ekns hb`gx~z} kx snccs }fn

zxkznx}y# kx }fn nns kunm }k }fn okxzkxb}ik` bxn `k} zbim

k` }iln# }fn Oi}y uk~cm s}icc xnoniqn }fn lk`ny kunm

]kunx Xn`nubcs s~oonss mnzn`ms k` xn}xk} ckb`s

`k} hniè sno~xnm bebi`s} h~icmiès ~siè b }xbmi}ik`bc

lkx}eben I lkx}eben sno~xi}y unxn xnr~ixnm# ]kxk`}ks

]kunx Xn`nubc zxkexbl uk~cm hn `k minxn`} xkl k}fnx

~`s~oonss~c xn}xk} zxkexbls boxkss @kx}f Blnxiob

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Oi}y uimn ]kunx Xn`nubc

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Oi}y,uimn ]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Obzi}bc Ok`simnxb}ik`s b`m Ai`bòiè Kz}ik`s


25/104

8?]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} ik` Hkkg

]fn ]kunx Xn`nubc Okxzkxb}ik` uicc knx h~icmiè ku`nxs

lb`y hn`na}s }fb} lby `k} k}fnxuisn hn zkssihcn4

H~icmièku`nxsuicchnbhcn}ks~hs}b`}ibccyi`qns}i` }fnix h~icmiès ui}fk~} hkxxkuiè bebi`s} }fnix

lkx}eben b`m ui}fk~} xnm~oiè }fnix nr~i}y kx }fn

qbc~nka}fnix`n}kznxb}ièiòkln.

]fnOkxzkxb}ikùiccn s~xn}fb}}fnh~icmièku`nxs

xnoniqnfiefr~bci}yb`mxncibhcnsnxqions.

H~icmièku`nxsuicc`kufbqnxnbcis}iokzzkx}~ i}ins

}k xnm~on ~}ici}y oks}s b`m lbgn }fnix h~icmiès lkxn

b}}xbo}iqnb`moklakx}bhcnakxxnsimn`}s.

]k oxnb}n }fis Okxzkxb}ik`# }uk }fiès `nnm }k koo~x4

b\ ]fnOi}yuiccfbqn}kakxlbokxzkxb}ik`}fb}uicc

bxxbènakx}fnok`}xbo}ièkasnxqionsb`mkh}bi`

}fnlk`ny`nnmnmakx}fniì}ibci`qns}ln`}

&}fnobzi}bc).

h\ ]fnZxkqiònuiccfbqn}klbgnbofbèn}kK`}bxik

Xne~cb}ik` >9=+:1 sk }fb} }fn Oi}y ob` ~sn zxikxi}y

cin`s}b}~s}ksbane~bxmi}si`qns}ln`}i`bzbx}ln`}

}kunxh~icmiès.]fisxne~cb}ik`znxli}s}fnOi}y

}k bmm }fn blk~`} k onx}bi` ~`zbim nns# s~of bs

ub}nx# snuben b`m ubs}n okccno}ik`# }k }fn zxkznx}y

}bvhicc.]fnofbènxnr~ixnmuk~cmhn}kbmm}fn

]kunxXn`nubcOkxzkxb}ikànns}k}fncis}kasnxqionsznxli}}nm}k~snzxikxi}ycin`s}b}~s.

Exb`}s b`m s~hsimins

Exb`}s b`m s~hsimins bxn ~sn~c b`m sfk~cm hnlbvilitnm.Oi}ys}baauicchnukxgièui}f]kxk`}k

Fymxk b`m N`hximen Ebs }k lbgn s~xn }fb} bcc

o~xxn`}iòn`}iqnzxkexblsbxnlbvilitnmb`m}fb}

b`ya~}~xniòn`}iqnzxkexblsbxn}bickxnm}klnn}

}fn`nnmska]kunxXn`nubczbx}ioizb`}s.

Fkunqnx#}fnOi}yb`m}fn~}ici}yoklzbìnsob``k}

baakxm}kzxkqimn}fnblk~`}kaexb`}sb`ms~hsimins

`nonssbxy}knòk~xbenzxkznx}yku`nxs}ki`qns}

i`}fnlkxns~hs}b`}ibc]kunxXn`nubczxkdno}s.

]fnxnakxn#b`bc}nx`b}iqn`bòièkz}ikìs`nnmnm

}ks~zzkx}}fnsnzxkdno}s.

I` s~llbxy

]klbgni}b}}xbo}iqnb`mnqn`xnbcis}ioakxzxkznx}y

ku`nxs}ki`qns}iòklzxnfn`siqn]kunxXn`nubczxkdno}s#

}fnOi}yuk~cmoxnb}nb]kunxXn`nubcOkxzkxb}ik`.

]fisOkxzkxb}ikùk~cm}fn`fbqn}fnbhici}y}kxbisn

a~`ms}ki`qns}i`bzbx}ln`}h~icmièxn}xk}s#lb`ben

}fn zxkexbl okllnxoibccy b`m n`s~xn }fb} }fn zxkexbl

xnlbi`s`bòibccysnca,s~s}biìè.]fnzxkonssxnr~ixnm}kns}bhcisf }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc Okxzkxb}ik` is iòc~mnm i` }fn

Ai`bòièKz}ikÀnbsihici}y_}~my~`mnx}bgn`hyLkxxisk`

ZbxgBmqiskxs&Lkxxisk`ZbxgAK)#b`misbqbicbhcnk`}fn

]kunxXn`nubcunhsi}n&}kxk`}k.ob+}kunx[xn`nubc).

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Oi}y uimn]kunxXn`nubc0Obzi}bcOk`simnxb}ik`sb`mAi`bòièKz}ik`s

8= Oxnmi},n`fbònm Obzi}bc Zkkc


26/104

} o z } kk

]k s~oonss~ccy ns}bhcisf }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc

Okxzkxb}ik`# a`bòiè xkl b sk~xon }fb} mkns `k}

oklzn}nui}f}yziobci`qns}ln`}kzzkx}~ì}insis

`nnmnm.]kbmmxnss}fis#boxnmi},n`fbònmobzi}bczkkcishnièmnqnckznm.

]fn h~cg k }fis obzi}bc uk~cm hn xbisnm }fxk~ef hk`m

iss~n&s)}k}fnzxiqb}nsno}kx.]fnOi}yka]kxk`}k

uk~cm ok`}xih~}n nr~i}y kx s~hkxmi`b}nm mnh} }k b zkkc

kaa~`ms.]fnoxnmi}xb}ièka}fnzkkcnma~`msuk~cm

hnhbsnmk`snqnxbcabo}kxs4

@~lhnxkamiaanxn`}bssn}s

Oxnmi}r~bci}ykabssn}s

Mnexnnkakqnx,okccb}nxbcitb}ik kaa~`m#i.n.

zxkzkx}ik` k nr~i}y+s~hkxmi`b}nm mnh} i` }k}bc ~`m

]fn oks} k }fn ~`ms }k }fn zxkexbl hkxxkunxs

uk~cm hn nr~bc }k }fn zxion k }fn hk`m iss~n# zc~s}fn oks} k xn}~x` }k nr~i}y+s~hkxmi`b}nm mnh} b`m

bmliìs}xb}ikòks}s.]fni`}nxns}xb}nuk~cmhn

s~znxikx }k b`y k}fnx kz}ik` i` }fn lbxgn}zcbon kx

]kunxXn`nubc}yznskazxkdno}s.

I`s}nbm k sno~xiè }fn ckb` bebi`s} b lkx}eben#

}fn Obzi}bc Zkkc uk~cm b}}bof b`y mnb~c} k b nn

zbyln`}}k}fnzxkznx}y.Ia}fnxnzbyln`}bexnnln`}ubshxnbofnm#}fnOi}yuk~cmfbqn}fnbhici}y}k

nàkxonbzxikxi}ycin`k`}fnzxkznx}y}bvhicc.

]fisbcskzxk}no}s}fnOi}yi`}fnnqn`}kabsbcnkx

hb`gx~z}oy.]fislnofbìsluiccxnr~ixnZxkqiòibc

bzzxkqbc}kbln`mbxne~cb}ik`.

]ilnci`ns

Bzzxkqbc xnoniqnm akx xnoklln`mnm

bzzxkbof# iòc~miè _]NZ b`mOxnmi},n`fbònm Obzi}bc Zkkc Ai`bòn

Kz}ik` &]kunx Xn`nubc Okxzkxb}ik`)

D~`n 8:2:

Xnr~ns}nm Zxkqiòn }k iòc~mn

]kunx Xn`nubc Okxzkxb}ik` i`

K`}bxik Xne~cb}ik` >9=+:1

D~cy 8:2:

Mnqnckznm ]kunx Xn`nubc

Okxzkxb}ik` mnsie` akx bzzxkqbc

8:22

Zn`miè b` Bln`mln`} }k K`}bxik Xne~cb}ik` >9=+:1 hniè lbmn

Ofbèns }k Zxkqiòibc Xne~cb}ik` }k

}bgn naano}

]HM

Ilzcnln`} Oxnmi},n`fbònm Obzi}bc

Zkkc Kz}ik`

Ba}nx Zxkqiòibc Xne~cb}ik`

ofbèns bxn lbmn



27/104

8>]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg

Xnqi}bcitiè Bzbx}ln`} ]kunxOkll~ì}ins4 I`}nexb}iè

]kunx Xn`nubc ui}f k}fnxzxkexbls b`m s}xb}neins

]kunx Xn`nubc ob` hn bzzcinm bs b` bzzxkbof }k

xnqi}bcitb}ik` k bzbx}ln`} }kunx okll~ì}ins Oc~s}nxs k

bzbx}ln`} }kunxs ob` zxnsn`} exnb}nx kzzkx}~ì}ins }fb`

i`miqim~bc bzbx}ln`} }kunxs ]fis bzzxkbof is hniè ~snm

}k bzzcy ]kunx Xn`nubc okònz}s }k }fn Uns}k` bxnb }k

s~zzkx} hxkbmnx okll~ì}y xnqi}bcitb}ik` Nvblzcns ok~cm

iòc~mn4

ok`simnxiè }fn i`cc mnqnckzln`} zk}n`}ibc i` Uns}k`

iòc~miè nvis}iè bzbx}ln`} }kunx si}ns

oxnb}iè b` bsskoib}ik` }k ilzxkqn b` bzbx}ln`}

}kunx okll~ì}y# silicbx }k b H~si`nss Ilzxkqnln`}

Bsskoib}ik` &HIB)

mnqnckziè b `n}ukxg k zxiqb}ncy ku`nm# z~hciocyboonssihcn okll~ì}y boici}ins# s~of bs lnn}iè

xkkls

Lb`y s}bgnfkcmnxs bxn ukxgiè }k ilzxkqn bzbx}ln`} }kunx

okll~ì}ins# b`m ]kunx Xn`nubc is ukxgiè ui}f }fnl

]k lbvilitn }fn hn`n}s b`m kzzkx}~ì}ins i` }fn oi}y,

uimn xkcck~} s}xb}ney b`m }k fncz oxnb}n b snblcnsszxkonss kx h~icmiè ku`nxs b`m xnsimn`}s# ]kunx Xn`nubc

is i`}nexb}iè i}s ukxg ui}f k}fnx Oi}y# zxkqiòibc b`m

okll~ì}y zxkexbls b`m s}xb}neins ]kunx Xn`nubc mkns

}fis i` b `~lhnx k ubys

]kunx Xn`nubc s}b zbx}ioizb}n i` b` i`}nxmiqisik`bc snxqion

zcb`ìè }bhcn bckè ui}f snìkx Oi}y s}b xnzxnsn`}iè

miqisik`s }fxk~efk~} }fn okxzkxb}ik` ]fn oklli}}nnzxkhcnl,skcqns okccno}iqncy b`m n`s~xns }fb} oi}y,uimn

zxkdno}s b`m zxkexbls fbqn b` i`}nexb}nm bzzxkbof ]kunx

Xn`nubc s}b zbx}ioizb}n i` }fis oklli}}nn hy fiefcief}iè

xncb}nm ]kunx Xn`nubc kzzkx}~ì}ins b`m ofbccnèns# b`m

snngiè i`z~} b`m nnmhbog xkl }fn k}fnx zbx}ioizb`}s

I` }fis uby# ]kunx Xn`nubc bo}iqi}ins bxn bcie`nm b`m

okkxmi`b}nm ui}f }fn zxbo}ions k k}fnx Oi}y miqisik`s

]kunx Xn`nubc s}b bcsk nèben i` ok`s~c}b}ik` bo}iqi}ins

ui}f k}fnx Oi}y s}b }k imn`}iy ubys i` ufiof Oi}y miqisik`s

ob` mixno}cy s~zzkx} h~icmiè ku`nxs b`m k}fnx s}bgnfkcmnxs

i` ]kunx Xn`nubc kzzkx}~ì}ins ]kunx Xn`nubc s}b

ukxg ui}f s}bgnfkcmnxs }k i`}nexb}n kzzkx}~ì}ins ui}f }fn

zxbo}ions k k}fnx ekqnx`ln`}s# okll~ì}y kxebìtb}ik`s

b`m `niefhk~xfkkm bsskoib}ik`s ]kunx Xn`nubc mkns }fis

hy dkiìè ckobc `n}ukxgs k okll~ì}y snxqion zxkqimnxs#

xnsimn`}s b`m Oi}y s}b }k lkqn xnqi}bcitb}ik` iì}ib}iqns

kxubxm ui}fi` bzbx}ln`} }kunx okll~ì}ins

]fn ekbc is kx ]kunx Xn`nubc }k h~icm ~zk` b`m

oklzcnln`} nvis}iè zxkexbls# s}xb}neins b`m `n}ukxgs

I` }fis uby# ]kunx Xn`nubc uicc xnlbi` nlhnmmnm i`

}fn hxkbmnx zcb` }kubxms ks}nxiè b exnb}nx qihxbòy

b`m iòxnbsnm cin kzzkx}~ì}ins i` bzbx}ln`} }kunx

okll~ì}ins

81


28/104

Zick} _i}ns

]fn ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkonss xs} hneb` b} k~xzick} si}ns B} }fnsn si}ns# i`qns}ieb}ik`s }kkgzcbon }k imn`}iy kzzkx}~ì}ins }fb} uk~cm4

bofinqn}fnlks}hn`n}s

zxkqimn}fniàkxlb}ik` nnmnm}kbccku~s}k

cnbx` xkl ofbccnèns bsskoib}nm ui}f }fnsnkzzkx}~ì}ins

imn`}iayhns}zxbo}ionsakxilzcnln`}iè]kunx

Xn`nubc boxkss }fn oi}y

]fn zick} si}ns unxn sncno}nm hnob~sn }fny bxn bhcn }k

mnlk`s}xb}n b uimn xbèn k ]kunx Xn`nubc kzzkx}~ì}ins

i` minxn`} n`qixk`ln`}s b`m ok`}nv}s Zick} si}ns bxn

ckob}nm i` nbof k }fn Oi}ys Okll~ì}y Ok~òic bxnbs

iòc~miè N}khiokgn+Ykxg# @kx}f Ykxg# _obxhkxk~ef# b`m

]kxk`}k+Nbs} Ykxg Iì}ibccy# }fnxn unxn k~x zick} si}ns

h~} }fis cis} nvzb`mnm }k siv si}ns bs `nu kzzkx}~ì}ins

zxnsn`}nm }fnlsncqns ]fn si}ns bccku kx zxkdno}s k

qbxyiè sitns# si}n ok`mi}ik`s b`m `niefhk~xfkkms ]fn

zxkznx}y ku`nxs b`m lb`benxs bcsk qbxy# xbèiè xkl cbxen

z~hciocy }xbmnm okxzkxb}ik`s }k blicy,ku`nm h~si`nssns}k z~hciocy ku`nm fk~siè ]bgn` }ken}fnx# }fn liv}~xn k

zick} zxkdno}s bxn i`}n`mnm }k sfku b`m }ns} b ~cc xbèn k

]kunx Xn`nubc imnbs b`m bo}ik`s

]fn sncno}nm zick} si}ns bxn4

Xneik` Bmmxnss

N}khiokgn+Ykxg 8115 Gizciè Bqn`~n

8155 Gizciè Bqn`~n

_obxhkxk~ef 82> Lbxgfbl Xkbm

]kxk`}k+Nbs}

Ykxg

8:: Unccnscny _}xnn} Nbs}

85> Hcnnognx _}xnn}

Lkss Zbxg4

85> _f~}nx _}xnn}

86> _f~}nx _}xnn}

89> _f~}nx _}xnn}

@kx}f Ykxg 25> _fb~ef`nssy Hcqm.

22: Zbxguby Akxns} Mxiqn

]kxk`}k Okll~ì}y Fk~siè

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}ns


29/104


?

=

8

2 8115+8155 Gizciè Bqn`~n

25> _fb~efb`nssy Bqn`~n

82> Lbxgfbl Xkbm

8:: Unccnscny _}xnn} W]OF\

85> Hcnnognx _}xnn} W]OF\

85># 86># 89> _f~}nx _}xnn} W]OF\

22: Zbxguby Akxns} Mxiqn

Xbzim ]xb`si} Zick} _i}ns

B} }fn zick} si}ns# }fn kzzkx}~ì}ins kx ]kunx Xn`nubc

iòc~mn4

Iòxnbsnmn nxeynaoinòy

Iòxnbsnmub}nxok snxqb}ik`

Iòxnbsnmubs}nmiqnxsik &akxnvblzcn#k ,si}n

xnoyociè s}xb}neins)

Iòxnbsnmmnlb`makxexnn`b`mocnb }nof`kckey

Kzzkx}~ì}insakxxnsimn`}i qkcqnln`}

^zexbmns}kk~}mkkxszbonbxk~`m}fnzick}si}n

h~icmiès

Zk}n`}ibci`mkkxblnì}yszbonakx}n`b`}~sn

_zbonakxlnn}i esb`meb}fnxiès

Kzzkx}~ì}insakxokll~ì}yebxmn sb}si}nh~icmiès

]fnzk}n`}ibcakxk`,si}n#slbcc,sobcnxn}bicb`m

lbxgn}s

N`fbònmznmns}xibòk``no}ik`s

86 ]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}ns


30/104

Bzzxkbof }k ]kunx Xn`nubcb} }fn Zick} _i}ns

Zick} _i}n Zxkexnss Ofbx}

I`qns}ieb}ik`Nvzckxn kzzkx}~ì}ins#

ok`m~o} nbsihici}y s}~mins#

b`m eb}fnx i`kxlb}ik`

Zcb`ìè_ncno} zxkdno}s#

mnqnckz ukxg zcb`

Bo}ikÌlzcnln`} zick} si}n

zxkdno}s# }xbog zxkexnss

b`m k~}oklns

Ai`bc Nqbc~b}ik`Nqbc~b}n zxkdno}s#

zxnzbxn obsn s}~mins# b`m

lbgn xnoklln`mb}ik`s kx

bmd~s}iè _]NZ zxkexbl

8:22

8::

9

]kunx Xn`nubc mnqnckzln`} b} }fn zick}

si}ns kcckus b zxkexnssik` k s}bens ]fn

zick} si}n zxkexnss ofbx} mnsoxihns }fn

k~x s}bens b`m }fn bo}iqi}ins }fb} uicc hn

~`mnx}bgn` i` nbof s}ben

]fn i`qns}ieb}ik` b`m zcb`ìè s}bens

uicc zxkqimn }fn i`kxlb}ik` `nonssbxy }k

h~icm b s}xb}ney kx oi}y,uimn xkcck~} }fb}

uicc hn xnszk`siqn }k }fn kzzkx}~ì}ins

b`m ofbccnèns bsskoib}nm ui}f ]kunx

Xn`nubc zxkdno}s ]fn Bo}ik` b`m

Ai`bc Nqbc~b}ik` s}bens uicc zxkqimn

ok`}i`~k~s i`sief}s }k ilzxkqn }fn

ilzcnln`}b}ik` k }fn oi}y,uimn xkcck~}

s}xb}ney

]fn cbs} s}ben `bc nqbc~b}ik` xnnxs}k b kxlbc nqbc~b}ik` k bcc k~}oklns

b`m ilzbo}s7 fkunqnx# i} is ilzkx}b`} }k

`k}n }fb} ]kunx Xn`nubc s}b ok`m~o}

k`,ekiè xnqinus k }fn zxkexnss lbmn

b`m k }fn ilzbo}s }k mb}n b`m }fn`

bmd~s} }fn bzzxkbofns ~snm ufn`

`nonssbxy

Okll~ì}y nèbenln`}bo}iqi}ins bxn b` ilzkx}b`} zbx}ka ]kunx Xn`nubc

]n`b`} nèbenln`} s}xb}neins xbènxkl ok`s~c}b}ik` bo}iqi}ins }k ~cc

zbx}ioizb}ik` i` mnoisik`,lbgiè

]fxk~ef }fn nèbenln`} zxkonss#

]kunx Xn`nubc ob` mnqnckz b`m ks}nx

zksi}iqn xncb}ik`sfizs b`m zbx}`nxsfizs

hn}unn` s}bgnfkcmnxs# ko~siè k`

xnsimn`}s xkl }fn bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès

bs uncc bs zxkznx}y ku`nxs# okll~ì}y

kxebìtb}ik`s b`m Oi}y Miqisik`s

Xnsimn`}s fbqn hnn` i`qkcqnm i` }fn

sfbxiè k i`kxlb}ik` b`m imnbs b`m i`

imn`}iyiè }fn bssn}s b`m `nnms }fb}

bxn xncnqb`} }k ]kunx Xn`nubc ]fnsn

imnbs fbqn hnn` obz}~xnm bs zk}n`}ibc

zxkdno}s &snn Zick} _i}n _}b}~s Xnzkx}s#

zben =5) ]kunx Xn`nubc s}b nvzckxnmkzzkx}~ì}ins kx xnsimn`} i`qkcqnln`}

i` }fn zcb`ìè b`m ilzcnln`}b}ik`

k k`,si}n zxkdno}s s~of bs sbn}y

ilzxkqnln`}s# xnoyociè# k~}mkkx

ilzxkqnln`}s# b`m okll~ì}y zxkexbls

b`m bo}iqi}ns I` }fn s~xxk~`miè

okll~ì}y# ]kunx Xn`nubc fbs ukxgnm

ui}f zbx}`nxs }k boici}b}n iòxnbsnmboonss kx xnsimn`}s }k okll~ì}y

xnsk~xons# }k s}xnè}fn` nvis}iè

zbx}`nxsfizs b`m }k xnm~on hbxxinxs }k

okll~ìob}ik`

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}ns


31/104


Zxkexnss b} }fn Zick} _i}ns

]kunx Xn`nubc fbs oklzcn}nm }fn i`qns}ieb}ik` s}ben b`mis o~xxn`}cy i` }fn zcb`ìè s}ben ]k mb}n# b `~lhnx k

s}~mins fbqn hnn` oklzcn}nm b} nbof k }fn zick} si}ns

Nvblzcns k skln k }fn s}~mins oklzcn}nm iòc~mn4

b`bcysnskazk}n`}ibcn`nxeysbqi elnbs~xns

bssnssln`}skaubs}nmiqnxsik`&nexnoyoci e)

bzzxkbofns

b~mi}skaub}nxok`s~lz}ik`

bssnssln`}skadkh,oxnb}ik`kzzkx}~ì}insb`m}fn

xncb}nm nok`klio ilzbo}s

nvzckxb}ik skafkuubcgbhcn}fn niefhk~xfkkmisakx

xnsimn`}s

sban}yb~mi}s

i`qn }kxinsb`mbssnssln`}skazk}n }ibcokll~ì}y

~sn szbon

i`qn }kxinska}fn`~lhnxb`mok`mi}ik`kackobc}xnns

mnsoxiz}ik`ka}fnckobc}xb`si}snxqion

b`bcysiskazk}n }ibcs}kxlub}nxlb`benln`}

lnbs~xns

Okccno}iqncy# }fnsn s}~mins fbqn qnxinm }fn mxblb}io

zk}n`}ibc ilzbo}s k ]kunx Xn`nubc b`m fbqn imn`}inm b

snxins k zxkdno} kzzkx}~ì}ins }fb} uicc cnbm }k okòxn}nofbèns i` nbof k }fn }fxnn khdno}iqns4 n`qixk`ln`}bc#

skoibc+o~c}~xbc# b`m nok`klio

Zcb`ìè akx ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s b} }fn

zxiqb}ncy ku`nm si}ns4

]kunx Xn`nubc s}b ukxgnm ui}f h~icmiè ku`nxs#

xnsimn`}s# Oi}y s}b b`m k}fnx s}bgnfkcmnxs }k bssis} ui}f}fn sncno}ik` k zxkdno}s }k hn ~`mnx}bgn` b`m mn}nxliìè

fku }fny ok~cm hn ilzcnln`}nm H~icmiè ku`nxs unxn

eiqn` b cis} k zkssihcn si}n ilzxkqnln`}s ]k mb}n# zxkznx}y

ku`nxs fbqn okòn`}xb}nm k` kznxb}ik`bc ofbèns b`m

n`qixk`ln`}bc xn}xk}s uficn xnsimn`}s fbqn zxilbxicy hnn`

ukxgiè ui}f ]kunx Xn`nubc s}b }k ilzxkqn r~bci}y k cin

Zcnbsn snn zbens =9,59 kx b mn}bicnm mnsoxiz}ik` k

imn`}inm zxkdno}s kx nbof zxiqb}ncy ku`nm zick} si}n

Zcb`ìè akx ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s b} ]kxk`}k

Okll~ì}y Fk~siè _i}ns4

]kxk`}k Okll~ì}y Fk~siè &]OF) zick} si}ns }kkg b

minxn`} bzzxkbof }k zcb`ìè kx ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s#

~}icitiè b Xnr~ns} kx Zxkzksbc zxkonss b`m zbx}`nxiè

ui}f b zxkexbl obccnm Xnoizn kx Okll~ì}y ]OF iss~nm

b Xnr~ns} kx Zxkzksbc }fb} i`qi}nm ok`s~c}b`}s }k ok`m~o}b oklzxnfn`siqn b~mi} xnzkx} b`m zxkzksbc ]fn xnr~ns}

cis}nm }fn bxnbs k ukxg }fb} ]OF uk~cm cign }k ok`simnx

kx ilzcnln`}b}ik` b} nbof k i}s h~icmiès ]OF is

lkqiè kxubxm ui}f snqnxbc zxkdno}s b} Lkss Zbxg Xnoizn

kx Okll~ì}y is b zxkexbl boici}b}nm hy }fn ]kxk`}k

Okll~ì}y Ak~`mb}ik` b`m }fn Oi}y k ]kxk`}k }fb} ukxgs

i` zbx}`nxsfiz ui}f xnsimn`}s# okll~ì}y kxebìtb}ik`s

b`m k}fnx s}bgnfkcmnxs }k h~icm ~zk` kzzkx}~ì}ins kxs}xnè}fnìè b sn`sn k okll~ì}y b`m n`fbòiè }fn

qihxbòy k }fn `niefhk~xfkkm

Zcnbsn snn zbens 62,61 kx lkxn i`kxlb}ik` bhk~} }fn

]OF }kunx xn`nubc zxkonss b`m }fn sznoio kzzkx}~ì}ins

}fb} fbqn hnn` imn`}inm

?: ]kunx Xn`nubc h~icms ~zk` nvis}iè okll~ì}y mnqnckzln`} zxkexbls


32/104

Zxikx }k }fn h~icmiès hniè sncno}nm bs ]kunx Xn`nubc

zick} si}ns# Oi}y s}b# okll~ì}y kxebìtb}ik`s# b`m+kx

xnsimn`} bsskoib}ik`s i` }fksn okll~ì}ins unxn bcxnbmy

kxebìtnm i`}k ckobc `n}ukxgs }k nèben xnsimn`}s b`ms}xnè}fn` }fn s~xxk~`miè okll~ì}ins

]kunx Xn`nubc s}b ukxgnm okccbhkxb}iqncy ui}f }fnsn

kxebìtb}ik`s b`m bsskoib}ik`s b} }fn zick} si}ns

]uk k }fn zick} si}ns bxn ckob}nm i` }fn Oi}ys Zxikxi}y

@niefhk~xfkkms4 Xnvmbcn Dblns}ku` b`m _obxhkxk~ef

Qiccben Bs zbx} k }fn Oi}ys Zxikxi}y @niefhk~xfkkm

s}xb}ney# }fnsn okll~ì}ins nbof fbqn @niefhk~xfkkm

Bo}ik` Zbx}`nxsfizs# ufiof bxn okccbhkxb}iqn i`}nexb}nm

snxqion zcb`ìè }bhcns ok`sis}iè k Oi}y Miqisik`s#

okll~ì}y kxebìtb}ik`s b`m xnsimn`}s ]ken}fnx# lnlhnxs

okkxmi`b}n snxqions# zxkhcnl,skcqn# imn`}iy ckobc zxikxi}ins

b`m kzzkx}~ì}ins# b`m h~icm }fn okll~ì}ys obzboi}y kx

ofbèn

Bcsk i` }fn Zxikxi}y @niefhk~xfkkms# }fn Bo}ik` kx@niefhk~xfkkm Ofbèn &B@O) kons b`m xnsimn`},cnm

bsskoib}ik`s bxn ns}bhcisfnm i` okll~ì}y mnqnckzln`}

xkcns b`m fbqn hnn` s~zzkx}iqn k ]kunx Xn`nubc#

zbx}io~cbxcy ui}f xnsimn`} nèbenln`} Akx nvblzcn#

B@O s}b fbqn fncznm }k kxebìtn okll~ì}y skoibc b`m

i`kxlb}ik`,sfbxiè nqn`}s i` _obxhkxk~ef Qiccben b`m

Xnvmbcn Dblns}ku`# b`m unxn i`s}x~ln`}bc i` hximeiè

zbx}`nxsfizs ui}f }fn @b}ik`bc Aicl Hkbxm kx b okll~ì}yzfk}kexbzfy zxkexbl b} }fn Gizciè Zick} _i}n

I` }fn _} Dblns ]ku` zick} si}n bxnb# ]kunx Xn`nubc s}b

bcsk ukxgnm ui}f b` ns}bhcisfnm `n}ukxg k ckobc snxqion

zxkqimnxs &]fn _} Dblns ]ku` @n}ukxg)# bs uncc bs ui}f

]kxk`}k Okll~ì}y Fk~siè K`n k }fn ubys i` ufiof

`n}ukxg lnlhnxs s~zzkx}nm ]kunx Xn`nubc ubs }fxk~ef

xnsimn`} nèbenln`}

I` }fn @kx}f Ykxg zick} si}n bxnb k Mk` Liccs b`m _fnzzbxm#

b`k}fnx ckobc snxqion zxkqimnx `n}ukxg# obccnm }fn Abixqinu

I`}nxbenòy @n}ukxg &AI@)# bmkz}nm }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc

zxkdno} bs zbx} k i}s ukxgiè exk~z AI@ fbs s~zzkx}nm

]kunx Xn`nubc i` b uimn xbèn k zxkdno}s &ne fncziè

}k ok``no} xnsimn`}s }k zbx}ioizb}kxy bo}iqi}ins# s~of bs

}fn ubcgbhici}y s}~mins ok`m~o}nm hy ^ìqnxsi}y k ]kxk`}k

Zxknsskx Zb~c Fnss b`m Db`ns Ubcg# b`m }fn sbn}y b~mi}s

cnm hy LN]XBO b`m }fn Oi}y k ]kxk`}k) b`m# i` }~x`# ]kunx

Xn`nubc s}b fbqn s~zzkx}nm }fn zbx}ioizb}ik` b`m exnb}nx

i`}nexb}ik` k Oi}y Miqisik`s ui}f AI@ bo}iqi}ins

I` nbof k }fnsn zick} si}ns# }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s

fbqn lkqnm bs}nx# ~x}fnx hnob~sn k }fn s~zzkx} zxkqimnm

hy }fnsn nvis}iè ckobc snxqion zxkqimnx `n}ukxgs }k4

lbgn ok``no}ik`s }k b `n}ukxg k `k`,ekqnx`ln`}

kxebìtb}ik`s

fncz }k imn`}iy b`m bssnss kzzkx}~ì}ins

h~icm zbx}`nxsfizs

Ilben 0 Kzzksi}nzben4Gizcièzick}si}nokll~ì}ynqn`}

Ok~x}nsykaMn`ìs_ubx}t


33/104

?2]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg

Zick} si}n s}~my ai`mi`es

?8 ]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`mi`es


34/104

N`qixk`ln`}bc khdno}iqn

B snxins ka ako~snm s}~mins nvbli`nm }fnnbsihici}y k b `~lhnx k ok`snxqb}ik`lnbs~xns }fb} uk~cm sieìob`}cy xnm~on }fnn`qixk`ln`}bc kk}zxi`} k }fn ]kunx Xn`nubczick} si}n h~icmiès b`m }fnix s~xxk~`mièokll~ì}ins ]uk gny s}~mins# zxkqimnm hyBX^Z Nèi`nnxiè b`m Enìqbx UM# ckkgnm b}n`nxey ~sn# ub}nx ~sn b`m xnoyociè xb}ns i`

bzbx}ln`} }kunx okll~ì}ins$

Xnm~oiè n`nxey b`m ub}nx ~sn i` }fn h~icmiès

B mn}bicnm }nofìobc s}~my &Okll~ì}y N`nxey Zcb` hy

BX^Z Nèi`nnxiè) imn`}inm ?: ubys }k xnm~on }fn

blk~`} k ncno}xioi}y# ub}nx b`m ebs ~snm i` bzbx}ln`}

h~icmiès b`m xnm~on exnn`fk~sn ebsns Ilzcnln`}iè}fnsn ?: ok`snxqb}ik` ln}fkms uicc xnm~on n`nxey oks}s#

ilzxkqn oklkx}# b`m zxkqimn k}fnx hn`n}siòc~miè b

sieìob`} ok`}xih~}ik` }kubxm bofinqiè ]kxk`}ks ekbc k

xnm~oiè exnn`fk~sn ebs nlissik`s uficn oxnb}iè ckobc

exnn` dkhs

$_~llbxitnm `miès xkl snqnxbc }nofìobc xnzkx}s

xncb}iè }k ]kunx Xn`nubc zick} si}ns bxn iòc~mnm i` }fn

kcckuiè zbens ]fn ~cc }nv} k }fnsn xnzkx}s ob` hn k~`m

b} }kxk`}kob+}kunx[xn`nubc

I` 8::9# Mxs ]nm Gnsig b`m Iqb` _bcn k }fn Mbìncs

Abo~c}ykaBxofi}no}~xn#Cb`msobznb`mMnsie`b}

}fn ^ìqnxsi}y k ]kxk`}k z~hcisfnm b hkkg nvbliìè

}fn }nofìobc nbsihici}y k ]kunx Xn`nubc h~icmiè

xn}xk}s ]fb} hkkg# ]kunx Xn`nubc E~imnci`ns akx }fn

Oklzxnfn`siqnXn}xk}kaL~c}i,^ì}Xnsimn`}ibcH~icmiès

i` Okcm Ocilb}nscbys }fn k~`mb}ik` kx l~of k }fn

miso~ssik` b`m b`bcysis ~`mnxcyiè }fn s}~my &Okll~ì}y

N`nxey Zcb`) hy BX^Z Nèi`nnxiè

Zick} si}ns i` @kx}f Ykxg# N}khiokgn b`m _obxhkxk~ef

unxn s}~minm }k mn}nxli`n ufiof n`nxey b`m ub}nx

noinòy ilzxkqnln`}s unxn bzzxkzxib}n kx nbof

h~icmiè ]fnsn `miès unxn }fn` nvbli`nm }k mn}nxli`n

i }fny ok~cm hn s~oonss~ccy bzzcinm }k silicbx bzbx}ln`}

h~icmiès oi}y,uimn ]fis i`kxlb}ik` bcckus ~s }k

mn}nxli`n }fn kqnxbcc ilzbo} k ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s i

ilzcnln`}nm i` kcmnx bzbx}ln`} }kunxs boxkss }fn oi}y]fn ?: n`nxey b`m ub}nx ok`snxqb}ik` ln}fkms unxn xs}

nqbc~b}nm i`miqim~bccy ]fn s}~my bcsk ok`simnxnm ufiof

zxkdno}s sfk~cm hn ilzcnln`}nm }ken}fnx }k bofinqn }fn

exnb}ns} hn`n}s

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`miès 0 N`qixk`ln`}bc khdno}iqn


35/104

??]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg

N`nxey b`m ub}nx ok`snxqb}ik` ln}fkms unxn exk~znm i`}k }fn kcckuiè xn}xk} zbogbens4

c

c

_fkx} Zbyhbogs4

b exk~z k xn}xk}

zxkdno}s }fb} }ken}fnx uicc

zxkqimn n`k~ef sbqiès

}k zby kx }fnlsncqns i`

qn ynbxs# hbsnm k` ckunx

ub}nx# ebs b`m ncno}xioi}y

hiccs

_fkx} Zbyhbogs '

Ckènx Zbyhbogs4

}fn sbln exk~z k sfkx}

zbyhbog zxkdno}s# zc~s

kqnx,ocbmmiè &i`s~cb}iè

b`m snbciè }fn ubccs) b`m

xnzcboiè }fn ui`mkus

&]fnsn bxn zxkdno}s }fb}

uicc zby kx }fnlsncqns

kqnx b ckènx znxikm k

}iln)

c_fkx} Zbyhbogs '

Ckènx Zbyhbogs

' Oklakx} Lnbs~xns4 }fn

sbln exk~z k zxkdno}s bs

cis}nm i` }fn zxnqik~s }uk

exk~zs# zc~s ok`}xkcs# cign

}fnxlks}b}s# sk }n`b`}s

ob` i`miqim~bccy lkmiy

}fn fnb} cnqncs i` }fnix

bzbx}ln`}s

c

Lbvil~l

Exnn`fk~sn Ebs

Xnm~o}ik`4 }fis exk~z k

zxkdno}s fbs }fn hieens}

n`qixk`ln`}bc ilzbo}

}fxk~ef }fn xnm~o}ik` k

exnn`fk~sn ebs nlissik`s

Exnn` Fk~sn Ebs Xnm~o}ik`s }fxk~ef ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s

]fn bqnxbenh~icmiè i` }fn

s}~my nli}s 2#528}k``ns znx ynbx kexnn`fk~sn ebs

nlissik`s &OK8n)

Mnzn`miè k` }fn}yzns k xn}xk}s

lbmn# exnn`fk~sn

ebs nlissik`s ob`hn xnm~onm hy ~z}k 5=.

?= ]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`miès 0 N`qixk`ln`}bc khdno}iqn


36/104

]fn Oi}ys obxhk` xnm~o}ik` }bxen}s bxn }k xnbof b` 6: znx on`} xnm~o}ik`

i` exnn`fk~sn ebs nlissik`s axkl 299: cnqncs hy 8:>:

]fn sitn b`m sfbzn k }fn h~icmiès b`m ufiof mixno}ik`

}fn lbdkxi}y k }fn ui`mkus k` }fn h~icmiè bon i` xncb}ik`

}k }fn s~` bno}s }fn bo}~bc n`nxey sbqiès b} nbof

si}n ]fn }fxnn s}~my si}ns qbxy i` }nxls k sitn# sfbzn

b`m ui`mku mixno}ik`# h~} bcsk i` }nxls k }fn nvis}iènr~izln`} &~x`bons# bzzcibòns# n}o)# }fn blk~`} k

mnnxxnm lbi`}n`bòn b`m }fn `~lhnx k }n`b`}s ciqiè

}fnxn I` kxmnx }k ns}ilb}n }fn oi}y,uimn ilzbo} }fb} ]kunx

Xn`nubc xn}xk}s uicc fbqn k` ncno}xioi}y# ebs b`m ub}nx ~sn#

}fn bqnxben sbqiès xkl }fn }fxnn si}ns unxn bzzcinm }k }fn

`nbxcy 28:: nvis}iè# kcmnx okòxn}n fief,xisn bzbx}ln`}

h~icmiès boxkss ]kxk`}k

I ]kunx Xn`nubc is ilzcnln`}nm boxkss }fn oi}ys beièbzbx}ln`} niefhk~xfkkms# }fn _fkx} Zbyhbog ok`snxqb}ik`

zxkdno}s ok~cm xnm~on exnn`fk~sn ebs nlissik`s hy

55:#>:: }k``ns+ynbx Ilzcnln`}iè }fn ok`snxqb}ik`

lnbs~xns xkl }fn k~x}f exk~z &Lbvil~l Exnn`fk~sn

Ebs Xnm~o}ik`) ok~cm bclks} mk~hcn exnn`fk~sn ebs

xnm~o}ik`s &2#=85#2>: }k``ns+ynbx)

Xnm~oiè ub}nx ~sn i` }fn h~icmiès

Xnzcboiè }kicn}s# i`s}bcciè cku,aku sfkunxfnbms b`m

i`s}bcciè }bz bnxb}kxs bxn ~s~bccy }fn xs} xn}xk}s }k

hn ~`mnx}bgn` hy zxkznx}y ku`nxs hnob~sn }fn ub}nxsbqiès bxn fief b`m }fn xn}xk}s bxn nbsy }k mk Ui}f }fn

bssis}bòn k ]kxk`}k Ub}nx iòn`}iqns# }uk k }fn ]kunx

Xn`nubc zick} si}n h~icmiès fbm bcxnbmy xnzcbonm }fnix

kxiei`bc 28,ci}xn kx 2>,ci}xn }kicn}s ui}f siv,ci}xn }kicn}s

K`n k }fnsn# 82> Lbxgfbl Xkbm# ku`nm hy OBZXNI]#

zxkonnmnm }k xnzcbon }fn siv,ci}xn }kicn}s ui}f ~c}xb,cku

a~sf }fxnn,ci}xn }kicn}s ]fn nvzno}nm ub}nx sbqiès b}

82> Lbxgfbl Xkbm is 8:. B }fixm zick} si}n 8115,8155 Gizciè# ku`nm hy F~lhnx Zxkznx}y Lb`benln`}#

is zbx}uby }fxk~ef xnzcboiè }fn kxiei`bc }kicn}s &28,ci}xn

kx 2>,ci}xn) ui}f ~c}xb,cku a~sf k~x,ci}xn }kicn}s# ui}f b`

nvzno}nm ub}nx sbqiès k ?:.

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`miès 0 N`qixk`ln`}bc khdno}iqn


37/104

?>]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg

Zxkm~oiè xn`nubhcn n`nxey i` }fn okll~ì}y

akx h~icmiès i` }fn okll~ì}y

N`nxey ok`snxqb}ik` is gny }k ]kunx Xn`nubc h~icmiè

xn}xk}s# h~} xn`nubhcn n`nxey zxkm~o}ik` bcsk fbs b xkcn

}k zcby ]fn xnzkx} hy BX^Z Nèi`nnxiè k~}ci`ns }fn

zk}n`}ibc kx oc~s}nxs k bzbx}ln`} }kunxs }k zbx}`nx b`m

kxl mis}xio} n`nxey sys}nls }k sbqn n`nxey b`m lk`ny

Lks} bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès bxn fnb}nm hy sn`miè fk} ub}nx

}fxk~efk~} }fn h~icmiè B on`}xbc fnb}iè zcb`} ok~cm hn

i`s}bccnm }fb} uk~cm ~sn b snxins k cbxen hkicnxs }k zizn fk}

ub}nx }k b `~lhnx k h~icmiès _ilicbxcy# }fn ab} xkk k` b

`nbxhy sofkkc ok~cm fkcm skcbx n`nxey nr~izln`}# oxnb}iè

ncno}xioi}y b`m fk} ub}nx }k hn sfbxnm hy }fn }kunxs i` }fn

`niefhk~xfkkm Zxkm~oiè xn`nubhcn n`nxey i` bzbx}ln`}

}kunx `niefhk~xfkkms uk~cm xnm~on exnn`fk~sn ebs

nlissik`s b`m xnm~on }fn ckbm k` ]kxk`}ks ncno}xioi}y

mis}xih~}ik` exim ]fn zxkdno} uk~cm bcsk zby kx i}snc i`

xnm~onm ~}ici}y hiccs kqnx }iln ]kxk`}k Okll~ì}y Fk~siè

is i`s}bcciè b skcbx ubcc }k obz}~xn fnb} n`nxey xkl }fn

s~` b} i}s Lkss Zbxg zick} si}n ]fn ku`nx k k`n k }fnzick} si}ns# OBZXNI]# is ok`simnxiè zxkm~oiè xn`nubhcn

n`nxey b} 82> Lbxgfbl Xkbm

Xnm~oiè }xb`szkx},hbsnm obxhk` nlissik`s hy

oxnb}iè hn}}nx szbons akx ubcgiè# higiè b`m

}bgiè }xb`si}

BX^Z Nèi`nnxiès }nofìobc xnzkx} bcsk s}~minm fku

l~of n`nxey is ~snm b`m fku l~of exnn`fk~sn ebs is

oxnb}nm hy xnsimn`}s i` }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc zick} si}ns kx

}xizs }k ukxg# sofkkc# sfkzs b`m lkxn ]fn xnzkx} k~}ci`ns

b`m zxikxi}itns b qbxin}y k ubys }k xnm~on }fn `~lhnx

k }xizs }fb} znkzcn }bgn hy zxiqb}n b~}klkhicns Hy

mnqnckziè }xb`szkx}b}ik` mnlb`m lb`benln`} lnbs~xns#

s~of bs nòk~xbeiè xnsimn`}s }k kxebìtn obx,zkkcs kx

h~yiè ]]O Ln}xkzbssns b} exk~z xb}ns# exnn`fk~sn ebs

nlissik`s xkl }xb`szkx}b}ik` ok~cm hn xnm~onm hy

28. 88.

Bofinqiè bmmi}ik`bc obxhk` xnm~o}ik`s uicc xnr~ixn lkxn

}fb` }xb`szkx}b}ik` mnlb`m lb`benln`} bck`n Bzbx}ln`}

okll~ì}ins xnr~ixn lkxn sfkzs# snxqions# ukxgzcbons

b`m k}fnx mns}i`b}ik`s# sk }fb} xnsimn`}s mk `k} fbqn }k

}xbqnc}kxnbof}fnixmns}i`b}ik`Cb`m~snznxlissik`s#bs

sznoinm i` ckobc tkìè hycbus# `nnm }k ofbèn }k lbgni} nbsinx kx okllnxoibc ~snxs# cign slbcc s}kxns# obs b`m

k}fnx slbcc h~si`nssns# }k sn} ~z ocksnx }k ufnxn znkzcn

ciqn Iòxnbsiè }fn `~lhnx b`m miqnxsi}y k mns}i`b}ik`s

ui}fi` }fn `niefhk~xfkkm uicc hn oxi}iobc }k ~x}fnx

xnm~oiè }xb`szkx},hbsnm obxhk` nlissik`s i` }fn ckè

}nxl ]fn ekbc is }k oxnb}n kzzkx}~ì}ins sk }fb} xnsimn`}s

zxnnx }k lbgn ckobc }xizs k` kk}# hy hign kx hy }xb`si}#

i` b ok`qnìn`} b`m n`dkybhcn uby ]kunx @niefhk~xfkkmXn`nubc is b zxiln kzzkx}~ì}y kx bofinqiè }fis

?1 ]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`miès 0 N`qixk`ln`}bc khdno}iqn


38/104

Iòxnbsiè xnoyociè i` bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès

B s}~my hy Enìqbx UM bssnssnm }fn o~xxn`} cnqnc k ubs}n

miqnxsik` i` 22 h~icmiès# iòc~miè skln k }fn ]kunx

Xn`nubc zick} h~icmiès

]fnix b`bcysis k~`m }fb} lks} bzbx}ln`}s bxn xnoyociè

b} b xb}n k bhk~} 2: znx on`}}fb} is# kx nqnxy 2: hi`s

k ubs}n okliè k~} k }fn h~icmiè# ì`n hi`s ok`}bi`

ebxhben }fb} ekns s}xbief} }k }fn cb`mcc# b`m k`cy k`n hi`

ok`}bi`s lb}nxibcs }fb} uicc hn xnoyocnm ]fis cku xnoyociè

xb}n ob~sns fiefnx kznxb}iè oks}s kx zxkznx}y lb`benxs

hnob~sn i} is lkxn nvzn`siqn }k miszksn k ebxhben }fb` i}

is }k miszksn k xnoyocbhcn lb}nxibcs

Enìqbx UMs s}~my sfkus }fb} }uk k }fn ]kunx

Xn`nubc zick} h~icmiès bxn bcxnbmy qnxy s~oonss~c

xnoyocnxsmiqnx}iè bs l~of bs ?: znx on`} k ubs}n xkl

ekiè }k cb`mcc ]fn ok`s~c}b`}s b`m zxkznx}y lb`benxs

bcsk imn`}inm b `~lhnx k lnb`s }fb} uk~cm bccku kcmnx

bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès# iòc~miè }fksn ui}f s~oonss~c

xnoyociè zxkexbls i` zcbon# }k ~x}fnx ilzxkqn }fnix

ubs}n miqnxsik` }k b} cnbs} =: znx on`} H~icmiè ku`nxsbxn nòk~xbenm }k ~sn b qbxin}y k bzzxkbofns }k nèben

hk}f h~icmiè s}b b`m xnsimn`}s# iòc~miè zxkqimiè

iòn`}iqns b`m r~iognx nnmhbog k` fku uncc }fn xnsimn`}s

bxn xnoyociè# b`m n`s~xiè }fb} }fn skcim ubs}n s}kxben b`m

ziog,~z bxnb is uncc,mnsie`nm

Lkqiè akxubxm

]fn zick} s}~mins fbqn sfku` }fb} }fn n`nxey xn}xk}s#

ub}nx xn}xk}s b`m ofbèns }k skcim ubs}n lb`benln`}

b} bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès ob` bofinqn sieìob`} hn`n}s

i` }nxls k n`nxey znxkxlbòn b`m sbqiès Bmmi}ik`bc

hn`n}s ob` hn xnbcitnm hy hxkbmnìè cb`m ~sn

znxlissik`s &in ofbèiè }fn tkìè) sk }fb} lkxn ckobc

blnì}ins ob` hn oxnb}nm# s~of bs slbcc,sobcn xn}bic b`m

snxqions# }f~s xnlkqiè }fn `nnm kx b~}klkhicn }xbqnc

Ufb} is ilzkx}b`} bhk~} }fn }nofìobc s}~mins is }fb} }fny

zxkqimn sieìob`} mn}bic bhk~} zk}n`}ibc hn`n}s# iòc~miè

}fn zk}n`}ibc b`}ioizb}nm znxkxlbòn# b`m sbqiès# bs uncc

bs }fn oks}s bsskoib}nm ui}f }fn xn}xk}s ]fn }nofìobc

s}~mins bcsk mnsoxihn }fn ofbccnèns i` }nxls k zxkznx}y

ku`nx zxikxi}ins# zfysiobc b`m xne~cb}kxy khs}bocns b`m

`bòiè ofbccnèns }fb} ilzcnln`}iè }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc

xn}xk} zxkdno}s uicc cigncy nòk~`}nx

Kqnxbcc# }fn `miès bxn ocnbx ]fn zk}n`}ibc sbqiès b`m

k}fnx hn`n}s}k }fn zxkznx}y ku`nx# }fn xnsimn`}s b`m

}fn hxkbmnx okll~ì}ybxn f~en ]fnxn bxn o~xxn`}cysieìob`} hbxxinxs`bòibc b`m k}fnxuisn}fb} bxn

gnnziè ]kunx Xn`nubc xkl lkqiè kxubxm Fkunqnx# }fn

s}~mins bcsk i`miob}n }fb} z~xs~iè b xblnukxg }fb} lbgns

i} nbsinx }k bofinqn ]kunx Xn`nubcs sbqiès b`m hn`n}s is

ukx}fuficn

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`miès


39/104

?5]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} ik` Hkkg Mxb}

Nok`klio khdno}iqn

Xnbcitiè }fb} ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s uiccxnr~ixn s~hs}b`}ibc xn`kqb}ik`s }k nvis}iès}x~o}~xns# }fn nok`klio khdno}iqn snngs }ks~zzkx} }fnsn xn`kqb}ik`s hy lbvilitiè }fnnok`klio hn`n}s hk}f }k }fn ckobc okll~ì}insi` ufiof }fn h~icmiès nvis} b`m }k ]kxk`}k bs bufkcn

]fn ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno} ~`mnx}kkg b s}~my }k imn`}iy

b`m zcb` kx ]kunx Xn`nubc nlzckyln`} kzzkx}~ì}ins b`m

}k ~`mnxs}b`m fku }fnsn kzzkx}~ì}ins ok~cm s}xnè}fn`

]kxk`}ks ckobc nok`kly ]fn kcckuiè xnsnbxof bo}iqi}ins

unxn ~`mnx}bgn`4

Bci}nxb}~xnxnqinukaiàkxlb}ik`kòk s}x~o}ik`

ukxgkxon s}b}is}ios b`m }xn`ms

Bs~xqnykasncno}nmi m~s}xys}bgnfkcmnxsxncb}nm}k

]kunx Xn`nubc xn}xk} ukxg

I`}nxqinusui}fgnyi m~s}xys}bgnfkcmnxs}kmnqnckz

}fn dkh mnsoxiz}ik`s b`m ns}ilb}n }fn `~lhnx k

znxsk` fk~xs# b`m `n} ubens okxxnszk`miè }k }fn

]kunx Xn`nubc xn}xk} ukxg

Bzxkdno}ik ka`miès}kns}ilb}n}fnukxgakxon

xnr~ixnln`}s b`m nok`klio ilzbo}s &`n} ubens)

bsskoib}nm ui}f }fn xn}xk} k }fn E]Bs o~xxn`} s}kog

k }kunx bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès

I`m~s}xy s}bgnfkcmnxs }fn` obln }ken}fnx kx b ]kunx

Xn`nubc I`m~s}xy Xk~`m}bhcn }k miso~ss b`m qnxiy }fn

iss~ns }fb} unxn imn`}inm i` }fn s}~mins b`m }k imn`}iy

b`y bmmi}ik`bc iss~ns }fb} }fn `miès mim `k} obz}~xn

?6 ]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`miès 0 Nok`klio Khdno}iqn


40/104

Aie~xn =4 Hxnbgmku` k ]kunx Xn}xka} Dkh Kzzkx}~ì}ins

Zcb`ìè ! Mnsie`

Xkka Xnzcbonln`}

Kqnxocbmmiè

Fnb}iè# Qn`}icb}ik` !Bix Ok`mi}ikìè

Okllissikìè

Ub}nx Ok`snxqb}ik`

Zbxgbmn Cief}iè Ok`}xkcs

_i}n Ukxg ! Cb`msobziè

Lbi`}n`bòn

Nlzckyln`} Bo}iqi}y

95=.

=8>.

1199.

2?=9.

:?1.

25?.

:2:.

?8>.:22.

Dkh kzzkx}~ì}ins oxnb}nm hy ]kunx Xn`nubc

I`m~s}xy nvznx}s ns}ilb}n }fb} }fn }iln `nnmnm }k znxkxl

}fn xn}xk} ukxg kx bcc ]kxk`}k okòxn}n xbln bzbx}ln`}

h~icmiès is b} cnbs} 8: ynbxs ]fnxnkxn# i} is bix }k

sby }fb} b} cnbs} k`n en`nxb}ik` ok~cm hn nèbenm kx

}fnix n`}ixn obxnnxs i` ]kunx Xn`nubc bo}iqi}ins ]fn `n}

ubens kx }fnsn ukxgnxs uk~cm blk~`} }k bzzxkvilb}ncy

-828,hiccik` b`m en`nxb}n b` ns}ilb}nm }k}bc k ?:#:::znxsk` ynbxs k nlzckyln`} &Gnsig4 Ukxgkxon Ofbccnèns

b`m Kzzkx}~ì}ins Xnzkx}# 8:2:)

Aie~xn = sfkus }fn hxnbgmku` k }fn }yzns k dkh

kzzkx}~ì}ins }fb} ]kunx Xn`nubc xn}xk} zxkdno}s uk~cm

oxnb}n ]fn qbs} lbdkxi}y k }kunx xn`nubc dkh kzzkx}~ì}ins

bcc i`}k }fxnn ob}nekxins4 i) kqnx,ocbmmiè7 ii) fnb}iè#

qn`}icb}ik`# b`m bix ok`mi}ikìè &FQBO)7 b`m iii) zcb`ìè

b`m mnsie` &zxilbxicy bxofi}no}s b`m nèi`nnxs)

Bzzn`miv H sfkus b oklzcn}n hxnbgmku` k }fn ]kunx

Xn`nubc Nok`klio b`m Ukxgkxon zxkdno}ik`s

Kzzkx}~ì}ins kx n`fbòiè i`m~s}xy obzboi}y }k i`}nexb}n

`nu }nof`kckeins unxn bcsk imn`}inm Uficn lb`y ukxgnxs

bcxnbmy fbqn }fn sgiccs b`m g`kucnmen `nnmnm }k ~ccc

lb`y k }fn xn}xk} xnr~ixnln`}s# skln i`m~s}xins uicc

xs} `nnm }k oxnb}n }xbiìè kzzkx}~ì}ins }k zxnzbxn }fnixcbhk~x kxon kx }fn fiefnx }nofìobc mnlb`ms k }fn ]kunx

Xn`nubc xn}xk} zxkdno}s _znoiobccy# oklzxnfn`siqn

h~icmiè xn}xk}s fbqn `k} yn} k~`m }fnix uby i`}k }fn

}xbiìè b`m nm~ob}ik` zxkexbls kx FQBO }xbmns b`m kx

bxofi}no}~xbc b`m nèi`nnxiè zxknssik`s ]f~s# s}xb}neins

kx iòxnbsiè }fn obzboi}y k }fnsn sno}kxs }k i`}nexb}n `nu

}nof`kckey i`}k ]kunx Xn`nubc kzzkx}~ì}ins bxn oxi}iobc

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`miès 0 Nok`klio Khdno}iqn


41/104

?9]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg

Ilzbo} k` }fn Oi}ys nok`kly

]fn Ob`bmib` nok`kly is ofbèiè4 ok`s}x~o}ik` bo}iqi}y

is hnokliè b` iòxnbsiècy sieìob`} i`miob}ik` k sobc

fnbc}f I ~`mnx}bgn`# ]kunx Xn`nubc xn}xk} zxkdno}s

uicc oxnb}n b sieìob`} `~lhnx k dkhs b`m uicc xnr~ixn

ok`s}x~o}ik` b`m h~icmiè i`m~s}xins }k hn }xbi`nm i`

}fn cb}ns} }nof`kckeins b`m xn}xk} ln}fkms I` }fis uby#

]kunx Xn`nubc uicc ok`}xih~}n }k b s}xnè}fnìè k }fn

ckobc ok`s}x~o}ik` b`m h~icmiè i`m~s}xins b`m uicc bssis}

]kxk`}k i` zxnzbxiè i}snc }k xnszk`m }k }fn ofbèiè

nok`kly

]kunx Xn`nubc xnokeìtns }fb} bs }fn oks} k ciqiè xisns

i` ]kxk`}k# b zxklisiè lnb`s }k s~s}biìè b qihxb`}

ok`s}x~o}ik` i`m~s}xy is }fxk~ef s}bhcn# uncc zbyiè dkhs

]kunx Xn`nubc i`m~s}xins b`m snxqions

]fnxn bxn b uimn bxxby k i`m~s}xins b`m snxqions }fb} bxn

`nnmnm }k ~`mnx}bgn ]kunx Xn`nubc zxkdno}s F~`mxnmsk }fnsn h~si`nssns bxn i` kznxb}ik` i` ]kxk`}k b`m `nbxhy

xneik`s B` i`qn`}kxy k }fnsn h~si`nssns is bqbicbhcn kx

xnnxnòn k` }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc unhsi}n

&}kxk`}kob+}kunx[xn`nubc) ]fnsn bxn }fn h~si`nssns }fb}

uicc mxiqn mnlb`m kx lkxn s}b }fb} uicc hxiè nok`klio

kzzkx}~ì}y }k xnsimn`}s

Lkqiè akxubxm

]fis s}~my fbs ok`xlnm }fb} ]kunx Xn`nubc xn}xk}

zxkdno}s uicc oxnb}n b` ilzxnssiqn `~lhnx k dkhs# uicc

zxklk}n }xbiìè b`m nm~ob}ik` zxkexbls }fb} }nbof }fn

lks} i``kqb}iqn xn}xk} ln}fkms# b`m uicc fbqn b zksi}iqn

ilzbo} k` }fn ckobc nok`kly ^siè }fn k~}oklns k

}fn nlzckyln`} s}~my }ken}fnx ui}f }fn nlzckyln`}

kzzkx}~ì}ins oxnb}nm hy n`nxey xn}xk}s b} }fn zick} si}ns#

Oi}y s}b fbqn mnqnckznm b` Nok`klio Mnqnckzln`} b`m

Nlzckyln`} _}xb}ney ui}f }fn kcckuiè oklzk`n`}s

B zcbon,hbsnm nlzckyln`} s}xb}ney ui}f b ko~s k`

~`nlzckynm b`m ~`mnx,nlzckynm ]kxk`}k xnsimn`}siòc~miè skoibc# `bòibc b`m zxn,nlzckyln`}

s~zzkx}s7 cbhk~x lbxgn} i`kxlb}ik`7 zcbonln`} b`m

xnnxxbcs7 b`m ci`gs }k nvis}iè nlzckyln`} s~zzkx}s

B ukxgakxon mnqnckzln`} oklzk`n`} ui}f b ko~s

k` Oi}y s~zzkx}s kx h~icmiè ku`nxs b`m ok`}xbo}kxs

nèbenm i` xn}xk} zxkdno}s i` }fn zxkdno}ik` k

nlzckyln`} `nnms kx exnn` dkhs b`m s~zzkx}iè }fn

zxko~xnln`} k exnn` }nof`kckeins

Bì`m~s}xy mnqnckzln } oklzk`n`} ui}f b ko~s

k`4 exnn` sno}kx zbx}`nxsfizs7 s~zzkx} kx exnn`

i`m~s}xins7 exnn` }xbiìè b`m sgiccs mnqnckzln`}7

exnn` }nof`kckey mnlk`s}xb}ik`s7 b`m exnn` sno}kx

hnòflbxgiè

Nvzkx}iè ]kunx Xn`nubc ]fxk~ef }fn s~oonss~c

mnqnckzln`} b`m ilzcnln`}b}ik` k exnn`

}nof`kckeins b`m ckobc nlzckyln`} s}xb}neins# }fn Oi}y

k ]kxk`}k uk~cm fbqn b lbxgn}bhcn zxkexbl+snxqion

kx nvzkx} }k zxkqiòibc# `b}ik`bc b`m i`}nx`b}ik`bc

lbxgn}s ]fis uk~cm zxkqimn b` kzzkx}~ì}y kx }fn

Oi}y k ]kxk`}k }k cnqnxben i`qns}ln`} b`m xnsnbxof

~`miè

]fn _]NZ Zxkexbl is mnsie`nm }k nòk~xben mnlb`m i`

}kunx xn`nubc,xncb}nm i`m~s}xins7 z~}}iè }fn Nok`klio

Mnqnckzln`} b`m Nlzckyln`} _}xb}ney i` lk}ik`

=: ]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`miès


42/104

_koibc+o~c}~xbc khdno}iqn

]fxnn s}~mins fbqn hnn` oklzcn}nm }fb} s~zzkx}}fn ekbcs k }fn skoibc+o~c}~xbc khdno}iqn ]fnsns}~mins ckkgnm b} }fn ubcgbhici}y k }fn bxnb#szbons i`}n`mnm kx okll~ì}y,~sn b`m }fnsbn}y k }fn bxnb Nbof s}~my fbs imn`}inmzkssihcn zxkdno}s }fb} ok~cm exnb}cy n`fbòn }fnskoibc b`m o~c}~xbc r~bci}y k cin kx xnsimn`}sciqiè i` b`m bxk~`m }fn }kunxs

Ubcgbhici}y _}~mins hy }fn ^ìqnxsi}y ka ]kxk`}k

b`m Db`ns Ubcg

B snxins k ubcgbhici}y s}~mins nvzckxnm fku xnsimn`}s

k ]kxk`}ks fief,xisn bxnbs }xbqnc }fxk~efk~} }fnix

`niefhk~xfkkms# ui}f b ko~s k` ubcgiè ]fn s}~mins unxn

okccbhkxb}iqncy mnqnckznm b`m cnm hy Zxknsskx Zb~c Fnss

k }fn ^ìqnxsi}y k ]kxk`}ks Mnzbx}ln`} k Enkexbzfyb`m Db`n Abxxku# Mixno}kx k Db`ns Ubcg ]fnix ukxg hneb`

i` 8::># ui}f ~`miè xkl }fn _koibc _oinòns b`m

F~lbì}ins Xnsnbxof Ok~òic k Ob`bmb b`m ubs nvzb`mnm

}k iòc~mn ]kunx Xn`nubc zick} si}ns i` 8::6 ui}f ~`miè

xkl }fn ]kxk`}k Okll~ì}y Ak~`mb}ik`

Ufn` ]kxk`}ks i``nx s~h~xhs unxn mnqnckznm i` }fn

291:s }fxk~ef }fn 296:s# }fn `niefhk~xfkkms k siècn

mn}bofnm fk~sns unxn k}n` mnsie`nm bxk~`m b zxilbxy

sofkkc b`m zbxg# sk }fb} oficmxn` ok~cm nbsicy ubcg }k

sofkkc ui}fk~} oxkssiè b lbdkx xkbm _fkzziè b`m k}fnx

snxqions unxn ~s~bccy ckob}nm b} lbdkx i`}nxsno}ik`s b`m

unxn i`}n`mnm }k hn xnbofnm hy znkzcn i` obxs ]fn fief,

xisn bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès unxn }yziobccy h~ic} bckè }fn

nmens k }fn `niefhk~xfkkms# ~x}fnx buby xkl blnì}ins

cign xn}bic s}kxns b`m sofkkcs B} }fn }iln# }fnxn ubs b`

nvzno}b}ik` }fb} blicins ui}f oficmxn` uk~cm ciqn i` }fn

cku,xisn `niefhk~xfkkms b`m siècns b`m ok~zcns &ui}f

obxs) uk~cm ciqn i` }fn bzbx}ln`} }kunxs ]kmby# bs sfku`

hy }fn ukxg mk`n hy Zxknsskx Fnss b`m Db`ns Ubcg# i} is

ocnbx }fb} xnsimn`}s k }fn fief,xisn bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès

`ku k}n` iòc~mn blicins ui}f oficmxn`# b`m }fb} lb`y k

}fn znkzcn ciqiè i` }fn fief,xisns mk `k} fbqn obxs b`m xncy

k` ubcgiè kx }xb`si} }k en} }k ukxg b`m sofkkc b`m }k x~`

nxxb`ms

Ubcgiè is b` ilzkx}b`} zbx} k ciqiè i` b oi}y# bs Db`n

Dbokhs sk k}n` zki`}nm k~} Znkzcn snn nbof k}fnx k` }fn

s}xnn} b`m hnokln blicibx ui}f k`n b`k}fnx Znkzcn ufk

bcxnbmy g`ku nbof k}fnx s}kz }k ofb}# sfbxiè i`kxlb}ik`

b`m xnm~oiè skoibc iskcb}ik` Ubcgiè fnczs znkzcn

}k gnnz }# }fxk~ef zfysiobc bo}iqi}y Ubcgiè is bcsk bzxilbxy lnb`s k }xb`szkx}b}ik` kx lb`y znkzcn7 i} lby

hn fku b znxsk` en}s }k ukxg# }k exkonxy s}kxns# b`m }k

skoibc bo}iqi}ins ]fn ubcgiè n`qixk`ln`} ob` lbgn b hie

minxnòn i` b xnsimn`}s mby,}k,mby cin

]k cnbx` bhk~} ubcgiè nvznxinòns i` }fn

`niefhk~xfkkms# }fn ubcgbhici}y s}~mins nèbenm xnsimn`}s

ciqiè i` b`m bxk~`m }fn zick} si}ns }k oklzcn}n b s~xqny#

oxnb}n lbzs }fb} sfkunm fku b`m ufnxn }fny }xbqnc# b`mmiso~ss i` slbcc exk~zs }fnix `niefhk~xfkkm# i}s ubcgiè

n`qixk`ln`} b`m i}s z~hcio szbons

]fn s}~mins ok`xlnm }fb} lks} xnsimn`}s bxn ui}fk~}

xne~cbx boonss }k obx }xb`szkx}b}ik` b`m fnbqicy xncy k`

}xb`si} b`m ubcgiè }k oklzcn}n }fnix mby,}k,mby bo}iqi}ins

B} nbof si}n# }fnxn unxn bszno}s k }fn zfysiobc

`niefhk~xfkkm }fb} zbx}ioizb`}s nc} zxk~m k Akx nvblzcn#

_obxhkxk~ef Qiccben zbx}ioizb`}s n`dky szn`miè }iln b}

}fn `nbxhy zbxgs b`m ebxmn`s Gizciè Bqn`~n zbx}ioizb`}s

bzzxnoib}nm }fn zxnsnòn k }fn hign zb}f b`m xbqi`n }xbics

_} Dblns ]ku` zbx}ioizb`}s n`dkynm }fn qihxbòy k }fn

bxnb# hniè ocksn }k sfkzs# b`m si}}iè bckè zb}fs ufnxn

}fny ob` ok``no} ui}f `niefhk~xs


43/104

=2]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg

=8 ]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`mi`es 0 _koibc+O~c}~xbc Khdno}iqn


44/104

Zbx}ioizb`}s b} nbof k }fn zick} si}ns bcsk imn`}inm

sieìob`} hbxxinxs }fb} cili}nm kx xns}xio}nm ufnxn b`m

ufn` }fny ob` ubcg ]fn kcckuiè hbxxinxs unxn nbof

imn`}inm i` b} cnbs} }uk k }fn ckob}ik`s bs sieìob`}

ilznmiln`}s }k fku xnsimn`}s en} bxk~`m8 _kln k }fnsn

ok`mi}ik`s bxn k~`m k` zxiqb}ncy ku`nm cb`m b`m k}fnxs k`

z~hciocy ku`nm cb`m

Zkkxcief}ièkx`kcief}iè

Zb}fubysb`msimnubcgsi`zkkxzfysiobcok`mi}ik`

Ci}}nxnmkx~`gnlz}zb}fubys+simnubcgs

_}xkèkmk~xsaxklnvzksnmebxhbenhi`s Lissièok `no}ik`skxzb}fubysxnr~ixi exnsimn`}s}k

oxnb}n }fnix ku`

Okònx sbhk~}nòk~ }nxi esobxyznkzcn

Iskcb}nmzb}fubysui}f}kkanuznkzcn

@bxxkuszbonsui}fanòièk`bccsimns

Khs}x~o}nmsief}ci`nsb`mhci`mokx`nxs&in4`k}hniè

bhcn }k snn ufb}+ufk is bxk~`m }fn okx`nx) Cbogkas`kub`mionocnbxièiùi }nxlk`}fs

Nvonssiqnl~mb mcbxenzkkcskaub}nxkqnxzb}fubys

i` ubxlnx lk`}fs

Cbogkazcbonsk`zb}fubys}ksi}#xns}#b`mskoibcitn

ui}f `niefhk~xs

]kkl~ofb`m+kx}kkabs}}xbao

Bmmi}ik`bccy# }fn s}~mins xnqnbcnm }fb} lks} xnsimn`}s mk

`k} nnc sbn xkl b~}klkhicn }xbo i` ubcgiè bxnbs b`m

hncinqnm }fnxn unxn `k} n`k~ef sbn zcbons }k oxkss }fn

s}xnn}

]fn bhkqn hbxxinxs fbqn oxi}iobc ok`snr~nòns kx }fn

sn`sn k sbn}y b`m okll~ì}y# b`m }fn mnexnn k zximn

}fb} is nc} hy xnsimn`}s ]fnsn hbxxinxs bcsk bno} }fn

cnqnc k boonssihici}y k }fn zb}fubys kx xnsimn`}s i`

ufnncofbixs# ui}f s}xkccnxs# kx ui}f h~eeins# kx kx xnsimn`}s

ufk en`nxbccy fbqn mio~c}y ubcgiè Bzzxkvilb}ncy fbc

k }fn zbx}ioizb`}s xnzkx}nm }fb} }fny xns}xio} ufnxn kx

ufn` }fny ubcg hnob~sn k sbn}y okònx`s kx boonssihici}y

iss~nsHy ukxgiè ui}f bxnb xnsimn`}s# ^ìqnxsi}y k ]kxk`}k

Zxknsskx Zb~c Fnss b`m Db`ns Ubcg imn`}inm gny bxnbs

i` nbof `niefhk~xfkkm ufnxn ilzxkqnln`}s uk~cm exnb}cy

n`fbòn boonssihici}y b`m sbn}y kx znmns}xib`s Akx

}fn xnsnbxofnxs# }fn `nv} s}nz kx }fn ubcgbhici}y s}~mins

is b mn}bicnm b`bcysis k }fn mb}b okccno}nm b`m en`nxbc

okòc~sik`s boxkss bcc k }fn i`miqim~bc s}~mins

]fn Oi}y is lkqiè bfnbm hbsnm k` }fn zxncili`bxyxnzkx}s }fb} }fn xnsnbxofnxs zxkqimnm# sfbxiè }fis

i`kxlb}ik` ui}f }fn bzzxkzxib}n Oi}y s}b# boici}b}iè

miso~ssik`s bhk~} }fn `miès b`m snngiè ubys }k ilzxkqn

}fn ckobc ubcgiè n`qixk`ln`} b} }fn ]kunx Xn`nubc zick}

si}ns Zcnbsn snn }fn zick} si}n xnzkx}s &zes =9,59) kx lkxn

sznoio i`kxlb}ik`

8 hbsnm k` }fn cis}s k hbxxinxs imn`}inm i` }fn Ubcgbhici}y _}~mins kx

@kx}f Gizciè# _obxhkxk~ef Qiccben b`m _} Dblns ]ku`

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`miès 0 _koibc+O~c}~xbc Khdno}iqn


45/104

=?]kunx Xn`nubc4 Ilzcnln`}b} i k` Hkkg

Okll~ì}y,~sn szbon

Lbgiè szbon bqbicbhcn ufnxn xnsimn`}s ob` lnn} ui}f }fnix

`niefhk~xs# }bgn zbx} i` xnoxnb}ik` bo}iqi}ins b`m boonss

skoibc zxkexbls is b` ilzkx}b`} zbx} k h~icmiè b sn`sn k

okll~ì}y ]kunx Xn`nubc s}b fbqn ukxgnm ui}f h~icmiè

ku`nxs b`m xnsimn`}s }k4

b\ mnqnckz bzzxkbofns +kzzkx}~ì}ins kx zxkqimiè `nu

blnì}y szbon i` h~icmiès ufnxn b cbog k zk}n`}ibc

szbon nvis}s

h\ s~eens} zfysiobc ofbèns }fb} ok~cm ilzxkqn }fn ~sn

b`m sbn}y k nvis}iè blnì}y szbons

o\ imn`}iy szbons }fb} bxn o~xxn`}cy bqbicbhcn kx }fb}

ok~cm hn lbmn bqbicbhcn kx okll~ì}y,~sn bo}iqi}ins

_nqnxbc zxiòizcns kx zxklk}iè b sbn# okfnsiqn b`m

qihxb`} okll~ì}y unxn ok`simnxnm i` }fis s}~my4

Okllk`szbons}fb}hn`n}xnsimn`}saks}nxbsn`sn

k okll~ì}y ui}fi` h~icmiès

Xnsimn`}ssfk~cmhnn ebenmi mnoisik`s}fb}

mn}nxli`n fku }fn szbon is ~snm

Ckob}ik`sfk~cmhnobxna~ccyok`simnxnmufn`

mnsieìè hk}f i`mkkx b`m k~}mkkx okllk` szbons

&in mis}bòn }k n`}xbòns# uncc ~snm fbccubys# b`m

cb~`mxy xkkls# nvzks~xn }k s~`cief}# n}o)

I}iska}n hn`noibc}kfbqni`mkkxb`mk~}mkkx

okllk` szbon ocksn }ken}fnx Ocnbxx~cnsakx~snkaokllk szbon&hk}fhyxnsimn }s

b`m hy nv}nx`bc exk~zs) ob` hn fncz~c i` lbi`}biìè

b szbon }fb} is bzzxkzxib}n kx miqnxsn xnsimn`}s b`m

ku`nxs bcign

]fn ^ì}nm Ubys Qnx}iobc Zkqnx}y s}~my zbi`}s b zio}~xn k}fn okll~ì}y szbons i` zxiqb}ncy ku`nm bzbx}ln`} }kunx

h~icmiès i` ]kxk`}ks i``nx s~h~xhs ]fn s}~my iòc~mnm

ko~s exk~zs b`m b s~xqny k 8#6:? }n`b`}s i` fief,xisn

bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès }k mn}nxli`n4

ufb}skoibcb`mxnoxnb}ik`bcszbonso~xxn }cynvis}7

fku}fnybxn~snm7

fkuaxnr~n`}cy}fnybxn~snm7

ufn}fnx}fnxnbxn}fiès}fb}zxnqn`}}fnix~sn7b`m

ufb}gi`mskabmmi}ik bczxkexblsb`mszbons}n`b`}s

uk~cm cign }k snn?

@ni}fnx okllk` `kx

xnoxnb}ik`bc aboici}ns

Zxnsnòn ka okllk` xkkls b`m xnoxnb}ik`bc szbon

i` zxiqb}ncy ku`nm bzbx}ln`} h~icmiès

==2.

?>:.>?.

2>1.

Okllk` xkkls k`cy

Xnoxnb}ik`bc

aboici}ins k`cy

Hk}f okllk`

xkkls b`m

xnoxnb}ik`bc

aboici}ins

? Zkqnx}y hy Zks}bc Okmn 84 Qnx}iobc Zkqnx}y# ì}nm Uby k Exnb}nx ]kxk`}k 8:22

==

_ a mi

]kunx Xn`nubc 0 Zick} _i}n _}~my Ai`miès 0 _koibc+O~c}~xbc Khdno}iqn


46/104

E~imnm hy }fnsn zxiòizcns# b` i`qn`}kxy k }fn zfysiobc

szbon ubs oxnb}nm kx nbof zick} si}n ]fn `miès xkl }fn

i`qn`}kxins unxn ~snm }k oxnb}n s~llbxins }fb} fiefcief}nm

xnoklln`mnm ilzxkqnln`}s }fb} uk~cm lbgn }fn szbon

lkxn bzzxkzxib}n kx ~sn hy xnsimn`}s

]fn kcckuiè s~llbxitns ufb} ubs cnbx`nm4

]fnsi}nskaanxqbxyièi`mkkxb`mk~}mkkxblnì}ins

kx xnsimn`}s

Bccka}fnsi}nsunxnkxiei`bccyh~ic}ui}fi mkkx

blnì}y szbons &ne zbx}y xkkls# sb~`bs)

K`nka}fnsi}nsubsh~ic}ui}fnv}n`siqnblnì}ins

&suilliè zkkcs# }n`ìs ok~x}s# lnn}iè xkkls)# h~}

o~xxn`}cy fbs qnxy nu blnì}ins i` ekkm xnzbix

@k`nka}fnsi}nso~xxn`}cykaanxi`mkkxokllk bxnbs

kx obs~bc# ~`s}x~o}~xnm ~sn hy xnsimn`}s &ne b mxkz,

i` ck~èn) ]uk k }fn si}ns znxli} nv}nx`bc okll~ì}y

kxebìtb}ik`s }k x~` zxkexbls kx bo}iqi}ins kx xnsimn`}s

i` }fn i`mkkx okllk` xkkls

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ck~èns) b} snqnxbc si}ns fbqn hnn` ok`qnx}nm }k k}fnx

~sns kqnx }fn ynbxs# iòc~miè bmliìs}xb}iqn kons

b`m s}kxben

Lbi`}n`bònkab`mboonss}kokllk szbonskqnx}fn

ckè,}nxl `nnms }k hn bmmxnssnm

]fn s}~my bcsk i`miob}nm }fb} ns}bhcisfiè zxk}kokcs uk~cm

s~zzkx} }fn bhici}y k xnsimn`}s }k boonss }fn szbon

]fn i`qn`}kxins b`m xnoklln`mb}ik`s fbqn hnn`

sfbxnm ui}f }fn zxkznx}y ku`nxs ]kunx Xn`nubc s}b

bxn o~xxn`}cy ukxgiè ui}f }fn ku`nxs# k}fnx Oi}y s}b#

okll~ì}y kxebìtb}ik`s# b`m xnsimn`}s }k sncno} nbsihcn

okll~ì}y,~sn szbon zxkdno}s b`m zcb` kx fku }fny ob`

hn ilzcnln`}nm

_ban}y b~mi}s

Nbof k }fn zick} si}ns b`m }fn s~xxk~`miè bxnb fbs hnn`

xnqinunm i` mn}bic hy hk}f xnsimn`}s b`m ckobc zkcion

konxs }k imn`}iy sbn}y okònx`s b`m ilzxkqnln`}s

}fb} uk~cm bmmxnss }fnsn okònx`s Xnsimn`}s imn`}inm

iss~ns }fb} bno}nm }fnix sbn}y b`m lbmn s~eens}ik`s kx

ilzxkqnln`}s LN]XBO# b okll~ì}y,hbsnm kxebìtb}ik`

}fb} bils }k zxnqn`} b`m n`m qikcnòn# boici}b}n

Tower Renewal Tr Implementation Book

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