Towards the decommodification of information: Why do we share information in new media?
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Transcript of Towards the decommodification of information: Why do we share information in new media?
Towards the decommodification
of information: Why do we share information in new
media?
BEHLÜL ÇALIŞKANResearch Assistant
Marmara University Communications Faculty / Turkey
ECREA 2012
4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
04/10/20232
ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
The Networked Information Economy
TWO PARALLEL SHIFTS THE MOST ADVANCED ECONOMIES HAVE MADE1. Economy centered on information and cultural production→ Information (financial services, accounting, software, science) → Culture (films, music)
2. Communications enviroment→ Cheap processors with high computation capabilities→ Interconnection in a pervasive network → Removal of the physical constraints
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Principles of the Networked Information Economy
RADICAL DECENTRALIZATION→ Physical capital widely diffused and owned by end users
NONPROPRIETARY AND NONMARKET PRODUCTION→ Free access to the basic instrumentalities of economic opportunity
and the basic outputs of the information economy→ Peer production and exchange of information and through it of
information-based goods, tools, services, and capabilities
PEER PRODUCTION→ Cooperative and coordinate action through nonmarket
mechanisms that do not depend on proprietary strategies
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Decommodification of Information
KNOWLEDGE SHARING→Wikipedia → Google, Facebook, Twitter
PEER PRODUCTİON AND SHARİNG OF CULTURE→ P2P Networks→ Volentary payment systems
OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARES→ GNU/Linux, Apache Web server→ OpenOffice, Mozilla, Thunderbird
WHY DO WE SHARE INFORMATION IN NEW MEDIA?
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
FOUNDED IN 2006
→ 140,864 total users & 712,429 total posts
MOVİES & TV SERIES
→ 20,279 DivX & 190 DVD Movies & 4,896 HDDVD & Bluray Movies
→ 2,341 TV Series & 674 Animated Movies & 721 Animated TV Series
SOFTWARE
→ 1,708 Softwares
GAMES
→ 1,541 PC, PS2, PSP, Xbox & Wii Games
Sharebus.org6
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Methodology
RESEARCH QUESTIONS→ What are the motivations that encourage Sharebus members
to share?
→ What are the motivating/demotivating factors to share more?→ Why do some members not share and when they would
share?
DATA COLLECTİON→ Online survey – N=86
LIMITATIONS→ Limited sampling and respondent availability→ No interviewer
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Key Findings
→ Average age of participants is 28 and 93% of them are men.→ Almost all participants live in Turkey and 52% of them are
from Marmara area.→ 17% are high school graduate, 61% bachelor and 16%
graduate.→ 24% of participants are students, 58% have a job and 41%
earn monthly less than 1,000 TL.→ 74% of participants use commons, 46% share files in
Sharebus.→ Members on admin levels –the minority– share more and
often in Sharebus.
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SHAREBUS SHARİNGS
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Download Frequency10
A few in a day A few in a week A few in a month A few in a year Less0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
21%
34%
24%
12%10%
Median = 2.00
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Downloaded Files11
Foreign movies
Foreign TV series
Turkish movies
Documentary
Turkish TV series
TV programs
Animation movies
Games
Softwares
Far eastern movies
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
78%
59%
57%
43%
42%
31%
29%
28%
28%
27%
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Download Motivations12
Easy access
Free access
Easy archiving
Non-availability
Destitution
To be against copyright
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
57%
49%
43%
41%
34%
15%
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Sharing Frequency13
A few in a day A few in a week A few in a month A few in a year Less0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
10%
7%6%
16%
7%
Median = 3.50
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Shared Files14
Foreign movies
Turkish movies
Foreign TV series
Turkish TV series
Documentary
TV programs
Animation movies
Far eastern movies
Softwares
Music
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
31%
22%
21%
16%
16%
13%
12%
11%
11%
10%
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Sharing Motivations15
Helping people
Free access
For fun
Encouraging to share
Personal satisfying
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45%
39%
22%
18%
17%
11%
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Motivating and Demotivating Factors for Sharing
MOTİVATİNG FACTORS
→ Appreciation
→ Sharing
→ Helping people
→ Cooperation
DEMOTİVATİNG FACTORS
→ No appreciation
→ Negative comments
→ Censorship
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Reasons for Not Sharing
WHY DON’T WE SHARE?
→ Lack of original content
→ Time
→ Selfishness
→ Internet speed
→ Copyright issues
WHEN WOULD WE SHARE?
→ Enhancement of sharing platform
→ Supply of original content
→ Time
→ Internet speed
→ Money
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Legal Issues18
File sharing on Sharebus is illegal.
No idea.
Access is denied to Sharebus website.
File sharing on Sharebus is legal.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
57%
21%
15%
6%
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Future of File Sharing19
Disappear Lessen Same Become widespread Dominant economy0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
0%
22%
37%
34%
8%
Median = 3.00
COMMONS USAGE
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Shared Commons21
Film & Music (CD/DVD)
Books & Journals
Food & Drink
Technology
Games
Living place
Education
Skills
Working place
Social money
Parking
Clothing
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
49%
45%
35%
34%
27%
24%
22%
19%
19%
15%
12%
11%
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Sharing Motivatios22
Helping people
Encouraging to share
Sustainable Living
Destitution
Making Friends
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
59%
41%
30%
21%
10%
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Sharing Circle23
Close friends
Contacts
Relatives
Internet friends
Strangers
Sharebus contacts
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
54%
45%
40%
18%
17%
13%
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Motivating and Demotivating Factors for Commons Usage
MOTİVATİNG FACTORS
→ Sharing
→ Appreciation
→ Reciprocity
→ Helping people
DEMOTİVATİNG FACTORS
→ No appreciation
→ Damage
→ Commercial usage
→ Selfishness
→ Careless usage
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Future of Commons Usage25
Disappear Lessen Same Become widespread Dominant economy0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
0%
22%
39%
30%
10%
Median = 3.00
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ECREA 2012 4th European Communication Conference24-27 OCTOBER, Istanbul, TURKEY
Conclusion
WE SHARE BECAUSE:
→ Human are not selfish organisms.
WE SHARE MORE WHEN:
→ Others also share.
→ We are encouraged to share.
WE DON’T SHARE WHEN:
→ We don’t have anything to share.
→ People behave selfish.
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