TOWARDS CHINA’S TRANSFORMATION Rose Niu Managing Director US-China Program World Wildlife Fund.
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Transcript of TOWARDS CHINA’S TRANSFORMATION Rose Niu Managing Director US-China Program World Wildlife Fund.
Ecological Footprint Living Planet Report 2010
Global footprint by component 1961-2007
Source: Global Footprint Network
LPR launch, Bristol
China - The Challenge
World’s largest economy in a decade
Major consumer of oil, gas, coal, metals, water and fish – increasingly sourced from abroad
Biggest carbon emitter
Enormous pressure on the environment, in China and around the world
Rapid increase of average ecological footprint
China’s per capita Ecological Footprint (2005)
Relatively small ecological footprint on a per person basis, but...
a big ecological deficit as a whole, and still growing
2003 constant global hectares (millions)global hectares
China 1.6
Brazil 2.3
UK 5.6
US9.7
Why “Go Global”?
Natural resource depletionEnvironment degradationExcess production capacity
To access natural resources To access new marketsTo capitalize on large foreign- exchange reservesTo move up the value chain To ease trade barriers
Imported Imported
Exported Exported
China: Workshop of the World
8.1
10.3
6.1
32.8
17.1
4.3
4.4
13.1
5.7
0.9
0.2
3.8
1.4
0.8
5.6
1.01.3
0.21.1
4.9
1.1
43.7
0.5
0.6
Trade of ecological capacity from imported and exported biomass products(in million global ha in 2007)
China - The Opportunity
•Carbon intensity reduction target of 40-45% by 2020 from 2005
• Piloting low carbon in 5 provinces and 8 cities
• World largest solar PV manufacturer, largest installed capacity of solar water heaters
Leapfrogging is possible
Political willingness: commitments to low-carbon development and environmental targets
Global provider of renewable energy and solutions
Help alleviate energy poverty in Africa through aid and investment
Set example for other emerging economies.
Help China leapfrog into a major player in sustainable development at home and abroad
China for a Global Shift: WWF Global Network Initiative
SHIFT Case Study: Banking and Finance Why Engage Chinese Financial Sector?
The Chinese finance sector has been fueling the growth of China’s overseas investment
15 Key Commoditi
es
WHITEFISHTROPICAL SHRIMP
TUNA
FARMEDSHRI
MP
FISH OIL & MEAL
PULP & PAPER
SAWN WOOD DAIRY BEEF
SUGARCANECOTTONPALM OIL
FARMEDSALMON
BIOFUELS
SOY
Drive supply and demand to nature’s advantage by working with and through markets
AmazonAmazonsoy, beef, cotton, timber, minerals, carbon
Coral TriangleCoral Triangletuna, live reef, fish, aquaculture, carbon
CongoCongoTimber, minerals, carbon
BorneoBorneopalm oil, timber, carbon
E./S. AfricaE./S. Africabiofuels, tuna, carbon
ArcticArcticcod and Pollock, carbon
Global Markets/Habitats
China’s resource quest
China’s Major Source Regions of Key Commodities
Congo Basin:Congo Basin:Minerals, Timber, Minerals, Timber,
Palm oil, BeefPalm oil, Beef
Amazon: Amazon: Soy, beef, Soy, beef, mineralsminerals
Russia:Russia:TTimber/Far Eastimber/Far East
Fish/ArcticFish/Arctic
Coral Triangle: Coral Triangle: FishFish
Borneo: Borneo: Palm Oil, Pulp Palm Oil, Pulp and Paperand Paper
Pinpoint the leverage point: multinationals that hold sway in commodities
25% of demand leverages 40-50% of production
6.9 6.9 billion
consumers?
500500 companies that
control 70% of trade in each commodity?
1.51.5 billion
producers?
Transforming Markets
Beef Cocoa CoffeePalm Oil
Sugar SoyCotto
nShrim
pWhite Fish
Felda
Persero
Beidahuang Group
Andre Maggi
Good news…
Promoting Responsible Forestry
Markets Case Study: ForestryGlobal Forest & Trade Network
ChallengesChallenges• Increased demand for
forest products• Increased illegal
timber trade• unsustainable forest
management
WWF’S ResponsesWWF’S Responses• Supports forest producers
in achieving FSC certification
• Assists buyers in responsibly sourcing forest products
• Facilitates links between committed companies
China plays a pivotal role in global timber trade
More than just logs. It’s habitat for wildlife
Russian Far EastRussian Far East AmazonAmazon
Congo BasinCongo Basin Borneo & SumatraBorneo & Sumatra
Linking Illegal Timber Trade with Conservation