Towards a space- enabled future for Europe AL 2016.pdfSTOA Annual Lecture 2016 Towards a...

Towards a space-enabled futurefor EuropeSTOA Annual Lecture 2016

EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service

Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA)

PE 581.925

STOA Annual Lecture 2016

Towards a space-enabled future for Europe

Participants’ Booklet

16 November 2016, 14:30-17:00Paul-Henri Spaak Building, Room 3C050

European Parliament, Brussels

STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment

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Prepared by Nera Kuljanic, Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA), with input from Anita Heward(Europlanet) and Christina Giannopapa (ESA)

Available atwww.europarl.europa.eu/stoa/cms/home/workshops/annual_lectures/annual2016

Join the conversation on Twitter by using the hashtag #SpaceLecture2016 and by tweeting at@EP_ThinkTank

#SpaceLecture2016

© European Union, 2016© Cover image: rangizzz / Shutterstock

PE 581.925

Annual Lecture 2016

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Contents

1. Programme .......................................................................................................................................4

2. Introduction .....................................................................................................................................5

3. The exhibition..................................................................................................................................8

4. Speakers' Biographies ..................................................................................................................10

Paul Rübig MEP, Chair of STOA.................................................................................................10

Johann-Dietrich Woerner, Director General, European Space Agency .................................11

Kai-Uwe Schrogl, European Space Agency ...............................................................................12

Philippe Brunet, European Commission, DG GROW..............................................................13

Sir Martin Sweeting, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL), Surrey Space Centre...........14

Ariane Cornell, Blue Origin, LLC................................................................................................15

Johannes von Thadden, Airbus Defence and Space .................................................................16

Reinhold Ewald, European Space Agency.................................................................................17

Thomas Pesquet, European Space Agency ................................................................................18

Clare Moody MEP, STOA Panel Member..................................................................................19

Mairéad McGuinness MEP, EP Vice-President responsible for STOA ..................................20

Eva Kaili MEP, First Vice-Chair of STOA ..................................................................................21

5. Previous STOA Annual Lectures 2003-2015.............................................................................22

6. About STOA ..................................................................................................................................27

7. STOA Panel members..................................................................................................................28

STOA Bureau..................................................................................................................................28

STOA Panel.....................................................................................................................................29

8. STOA administration...................................................................................................................31


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1. Programme

Chair: Paul Rübig, STOA ChairModerator: Kai-Uwe Schrogl, Chief Strategy Officer, ESA

14:30 WELCOMEPaul Rübig, STOA ChairThomas Pesquet, ESA Astronaut of French nationality (video)

14:40 INTRODUCTIONJohann-Dietrich Woerner, Director General, ESA

14:50 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE EU SPACE POLICYPhilippe Brunet, Director, DG GROW, European Commission

15:00 KEYNOTE SPEECH‘Small satellites – changing the economics of space’Sir Martin Sweeting, Founder and Executive Chairman of Surrey SatelliteTechnology Ltd (SSTL), Director of the Surrey Space Centre

15:30 FROM IDEA TO REALITYAriane Cornell, Blue Origin Business Development & StrategyJohannes von Thadden, Head of Institutional Relations, Airbus Defence andSpace

15:50 LIFE IN SPACEReinhold Ewald, ESA Astronaut of German nationality

16:10 Q&Awith the participation of Clare MOODY, MEP

16:50 CONCLUSIONSMairead McGuinness, MEP and Vice-President responsible for STOA

16:55 CLOSING REMARKSEva Kaili, MEP and First STOA Vice-Chair

until 18:00 RECEPTION

Interpretation in and from EN, FR and DE will be provided.

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2. Introduction

About the Annual Lecture

To raise public awareness of and interest in science and technology issues, every year STOAhosts an Annual Lecture. It is a high point of STOA’s activities. The event features eminentspeakers - often Nobel Prize laureates - who are invited to talk about subjects placed high onthe political agenda. More information about speakers and topics of the past STOA AnnualLectures is available on p. 22.

European space activities

The governance of space activities in Europe is based on cooperation between the EuropeanUnion (EU), the European Space Agency (ESA) and their member countries. Motivation tomaximise the impact of what can be achieved with the budget available for space activities isstrong.

Today, the close cooperation between the EU and ESA is based on the 2004 FrameworkAgreement. The EU and ESA have two flagship programmes: Galileo and Copernicus. Galileois a system of navigation satellites, designed to provide greater accuracy than the US-developedglobal positioning system (GPS). Copernicus is the world’s largest earth observationprogramme, with primary applications in climate change, emergency management andsecurity. The EU also funds space research through other programmes, notably Horizon 2020.ESA has a comprehensive space programme and is active in a range of different activities, bothin Europe and internationally.

The European Commission presented the Space Strategy for Europe1 on 26 October 2016.Among the priorities are market uptake of space data by the public and private sectors, andsupporting private sector involvement and space entrepreneurship. The challenge inimplementing these new policies is to reap societal and economic benefits for all Europeans,encourage rapid growth and stimulate industrial competitiveness, and promote Europeanleadership in space. On the same day, a ‘Joint Statement on Shared Vision and Goals for theFuture of European Space’ was signed by the EU and ESA. The common European vision is thatEurope should remain a world-class actor in space and a partner of choice on the internationalscene. By 2030, Europe should be able to fully benefit from its space solutions to implement itspolicies, strengthen European values and security, improve knowledge and foster prosperity.Every single European citizen should benefit from Europe's space capacities and capabilities.

1 http://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/19442


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Space research and innovation

Innovating for the challenges of the futureSpace research and exploration push the boundaries of science and engineering. Buildingspacecraft to meet increasingly ambitious goals, such as to mine asteroids or to prepare for ahuman mission to Mars, drives innovation in technology and materials science.

Space missions can take a decade or more from initial planning to launch, so roadmaps areneeded to develop the technology for future space exploration. Horizon 2020 fundingcomplements the European Space Agency’s programmes for the exploration of our Solar Systemand beyond through the development of facilities, infrastructure and protocols that will makeEurope a world leader for decades to come.

Exploring planets, understanding EarthStudying our planetary neighbours can improve our understanding of the Earth, its history,evolution, climate and the risks that it faces from space, such as geomagnetic storms or asteroidimpacts. Likewise, understanding where and how life has developed on Earth gives us cluesabout where to look for life elsewhere in our Solar System.

Places on Earth that have the same geological, physical or extreme environments found on otherplanets, such as Mars or the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn, are vital test-grounds in preparingfor future missions and in the search for extraterrestrial life. Horizon 2020 funding is supportingcomparative planetology research that will help us prepare for future missions and understandour planet and the origins of life.

Inspiring a new generationEurope needs a trained workforce with the technical, academic and entrepreneurial skills tokeep its position as a global leader. Space exploration, with its blend of intellectual challenge,aesthetic appeal, human endeavour and practical applications, is uniquely placed to inspireEuropean citizens and attract young men and women into careers in science andengineering. Horizon 2020 funding is supporting the development of free, high-quality toolsand educational resources that will engage young people with science through space.

Creating partnershipsHorizon 2020 investment is developing space research expertise in Europe’s newer memberstates, integrating researchers, institutions and industry into the established community andstrengthening links at a personal, regional and national level.

Space and Industry

Space 4.0 for a United Space in Europe. Preparing for the future of the European Space SectorSpace technologies and applications are an integral part of everyday life when using mobilephones, live TV broadcasting, banking transactions, weather forecasting, air-marine-road-railtransport systems, etc. Even though space activities are taking place already for more than halfa century, today there is a shift of paradigm. There are more space-faring nations, more

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commercialisation, and space agencies have a new role to play. The Director General of theEuropean Space Agency calls this ‘Space 4.0’ and it is intertwined with the fourth industrialrevolution - ‘Industry 4.0’. Industry 4.0 and Space 4.0 are expected to transform the lives of thecitizens, decision and policy-makers and businesses.

Space 4.0 marks a new era, in which space is an enabler. It enables knowledge, jobs and growth,decision and policy-making, inspiring and motivating the next generations. Together withIndustry 4.0 it will be the driver for contemporary technologies in automation, miniaturisation,advanced manufacturing, machine to machine/human interaction, connectivity, big data,biotechnology, etc. This process cannot be carried out by a single entity alone, which is whySpace 4.0 aims to foster the interaction of different sectors with spin-in, spin-off and spin-together of technologies and concepts. Space 4.0 can be used as a tool to tackle global challenges,such as climate change, demographic development, migration, shortage of resources, conflictsand catastrophes, energy, digital divide, health and curiosity.

About ESA

The European Space Agency (ESA) is the Europeanintergovernmental organisation, which over the past fiftyyears has been mandated to foster cooperation amongEuropean countries in space research and technology,and their applications. ESA is an agency with the fullrange of space activities, which has successfullydeveloped Europe’s space capabilities andcompetitiveness in all fields of space technology: transport, navigation, Earth observation,telecommunications, science, exploration, technology applications and space situationalawareness (SSA). ESA is a globally recognised, reliable partner entrusted to implement a long-term European space policy and align Member States’ policies with respect to other national,European and international institutions. Therefore, today ESA is in the driving role to enablethe transformation of the European space sector for the new era of Space 4.0.

In December 2016, the European Space Agency will hold a Council at Ministerial Level to decideon Europe’s way forward ‘Towards Space 4.0 for a United Space in Europe’. In setting up theproposal, ESA has been consulting the space actors, including Member States, industry,academia, European institutions and the European citizens. In particular, in order to ensure thatESA programmes reflect the expectations of the EU, it has used the visions and goals listed inthe ‘Joint Statement on Shared Vision and Goals for the Future of European Space’ signed withthe European Commission on 26 October 2016, in Brussels. These goals are: a) to maximise theintegration of space into European society and economy; b) to foster a globally competitiveEuropean space sector; and c) to ensure European autonomy in accessing and using space. ESAendeavours to represent all space actors and lead European space activities on the soundfoundation of existing activities and structures, while aiming to respond to the needs of science,industry, politics and society for the benefit of the European citizen.


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3. The exhibition

European Parliament, Brussels, Altiero Spinelli (ASP) building, 3rd floor

The exhibition linked to the event highlights the impact of EU funding on planetary researchand exploration. The focal point of the exhibition is a 1:4 scale model of the European SpaceAgency’s Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) mission, which went into orbit around Mars successfully on19 October 2016. The spacecraft’s instruments will detect methane and other atmospheric gasesthat are present in small concentrations and could be evidence for biological or geologicalactivity on Mars. The model is provided by the Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, whichleads the TGO NOMAD instrument that will detect and map concentrations of gases in theMartian atmosphere.

The exhibition also offers an opportunity to explore the Martian surface using Virtual Reality(VR) headsets and real imagery sent back by spacecraft and rovers at Mars. The VR system,developed by François Civet and Stéphane Le Mouélic of CNRS/University of Nantes, won theEuroplanet Prize for Public Engagement 2016.

The exhibition is hosted as part of the 8th European Innovation Summit, in collaboration withEuroplanet and Knowledge4Innovation.

©ESA/ATG medialab

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About EUROPLANET 2020 RI

Planetary science covers the study of our Solar System and planets around other stars. It is aninterdisciplinary field that spans physics, chemistry, astronomy and geophysics, robotic andhuman exploration of other planets, as well as the search for extraterrestrial life. Since 2005, theEU has supported the European planetary science community with over €40 million funding,including €9.945 million for the Europlanet 2020 Research Infrastructure (RI) to integrateplanetary science across the European Research Area.

Europe has world-leading facilities and a community of planetary scientists comprising around5000 researchers and postgraduate students in more than 20 countries and 200 researchinstitutes. EU funding has played a vital role in enabling Europe’s diverse planetary communityto carry out coordinated activities. This coordination maximises the scientific return frominvestment in planetary missions through ESA, and national and international programmes.

EU funding has enabled Europlanet to found a sustainable community organisation foracademia and industry involved in planetary research and exploration, with a membership ofover 90 research institutes and companies. Europlanet provides the community with a platformto exchange ideas and personnel, to share research tools, data and facilities, and to define keyscience goals for the future.

Europlanet is engaging with Europe’s citizens and leaders to build a planetary explorationprogramme that inspires a future generation and supports a competitive, thriving academic andindustrial community.


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4. Speakers' Biographies

Paul Rübig MEP, Chair of STOA

Paul Rübig has been elected as STOA Chair for the first half of the European Parliament's 8thlegislature.

He previously served as Chair from 2009 to 2012 and as First Vice-Chair from 2012 to 2014.

Paul Rübig, born in Upper Austria, has been a Member of the European Parliament since 1996and belongs to the European People's Party (EPP).

He is the owner of an Austrian blacksmith company and has a degree in BusinessAdministration, Marketing and Production Engineering from the University of Linz, UpperAustria. In his Master thesis he wrote about ‘License and Patent Policy in investment goodsmarketing’. He is married and has two children.

Paul Rübig is full member of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy and of theCommittee on Budgets. He is Vice-Chair of the Delegation for relations with the KoreanPeninsula and substitute member of the Delegation for relations with Switzerland and Norwayand to the EU-Iceland Joint Parliamentary Committee and the European Economic Area (EEA)Joint Parliamentary Committee. Furthermore, Paul Rübig is a substitute member in theCommittee on Development.

Paul Rübig is very active in the field of the small-scale business promotion. He is president ofSME Global, a working group of the International Democrat Union (IDU), whose objective it isto support small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) and to improve their businessenvironment.

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Johann-Dietrich Woerner, Director General, European Space Agency

Johann-Dietrich ‘Jan’ Woerner became the ESA Director Generalon 1 July 2015.

Previously, from March 2007 to June 2015, he served as Chairmanof the Executive Board of the German Aerospace Center (DLR).

Jan Woerner was born in Kassel, Germany, in 1954. He studiedcivil engineering at the Technical University (TU) Berlin and TUDarmstadt, from where he graduated in 1985. In 1982, as part ofhis studies, he spent one year in Japan, investigating earthquakesafety of nuclear power plants. Until 1990, Mr Woerner workedfor consulting civil engineers Koenig und Heunisch.

In 1990 he returned to TU Darmstadt, where he was appointed asa professor of Civil Engineering and took over as Head of the Test

and Research Institute. Before being elected as President of TU Darmstadt in 1995, he held theposition of Dean of the newly established Civil Engineering Faculty. Jan Woerner headed theuniversity from 1995 to 2007 and succeeded in making it the first autonomous university of theFederal Republic of Germany.

Jan Woerner has been awarded numerous prizes and positions, such as the Prize of theOrganisation of Friends of Technical University Darmstadt for ‘outstanding scientificperformance’. He was also appointed to the Berlin Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and tothe Convention for Technical Sciences (acatech) and is a representative of the Technical SciencesSection of the Leopoldina, the national academy of sciences of Germany.

Jan Woerner has received honorary doctorates from New York State University at Buffalo(USA), the Technical Universities of Bucharest (Romania) and Mongolia, the Saint PetersburgUniversity for Economics and Finance (Russia) and École Centrale de Lyon (France). He hasreceived the Federal Cross of Merit (Officer's cross, 1st class) of the Federal Republic of Germanyfor his continuous efforts regarding the next generation of scientists and Germany as a locationfor Science, Technology and Engineering. He has furthermore been awarded the honours ofKnight of the French Légion d’Honneur.

Jan Woerner was Vice President of the Helmholtz Association and also a member of variousnational and international supervisory bodies, advisory councils and committees. He was amember of the administrative boards of École Centrale Paris, École Centrale de Lyon, TU Berlin,the Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, and the Arts and Music University inFrankfurt and has been a member of a number of supervisory boards, including Carl SchenckAG, Röhm GmbH, TÜV Rheinland AG and Bilfinger SE.

Furthermore, he was appointed to the energy expert group of the German Government.

Before joining ESA as Director General, Jan Woerner was head of the German delegation to ESAfrom 2007 to 2015 and served as Chairman of the ESA Council from 2012 to 2014.


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Kai-Uwe Schrogl, European Space Agency

Prof. Dr Kai-Uwe Schrogl is the Chief Strategy Officer of the European Space Agency (ESA,Headquarters in Paris, France). From 2007 to 2011 he was the Director of the European SpacePolicy Institute (ESPI) in Vienna, Austria, the leading European think tank for space policy.Prior to this, he was the Head of the Corporate Development and External Relations Departmentin the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in Cologne, Germany. Previously he also worked withthe German Ministry for Post and Telecommunications and the German Space Agency (DARA)in Bonn, Germany.

He has been a delegate to numerous international forums and has served from 2014 to 2016 aschairman of the Legal Subcommittee of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses ofOuter Space, the highest body for space law-making, comprising 73 Member States. He was alsochairman of various European and global committees (ESA International Relations Committeeand two plenary working groups of the UNCOPUOS2 Legal Subcommittee, the one on thelaunching State and the other on the registration practice, both leading to UN General AssemblyResolutions). He presented, respectively testified, at hearings of the European Parliament andthe U.S. House of Representatives.

Kai-Uwe Schrogl is the President of the International Institute of Space Law, the professionalassociation of space law experts from 48 countries, Member of the International Academy ofAstronautics (recently chairing its Commission on Policy, Economics and Regulations) and theRussian Academy for Cosmonautics, as well as Corresponding Member of the French Air andSpace Academy. He holds a doctorate degree in political science and lectures internationalrelations as an Honorary Professor at Tübingen University, Germany.

Kai-Uwe Schrogl has written or co-edited 15 books and more than 130 articles, reports andpapers in the fields of space policy and law, as well as telecommunications policy. He launchedand edited until 2011 the “Yearbook on Space Policy” and the book series “Studies in SpacePolicy” both published by ESPI at SpringerWienNewYork. He sits on editorial boards of variousinternational journals in the field of space policy and law (Space Policy, Zeitschrift für Luft- undWeltraumrecht, Studies in Space Law/Nijhoff; previously also Acta Astronautica).

2 United nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses for Outer Space

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Philippe Brunet, European Commission, DG GROW

Philippe Brunet was born in 1959 in Cahors (France). Doctor in Medicine (MD) and Iuris. Doctorin Community Law (LLD), he entered the Commission in 1988 (DG V - Social Affairs). He joinedDG III (Industry) in 1993 in order to prepare the establishment of EMEA (European MedicinesEvaluation Agency, now the EMA) and complete the legal framework of the EU authorisationscheme for medicinal products.

Philippe Brunet was appointed deputy Head of Unit “Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Unit” in1998, and subsequently Head of the Unit “Pharmaceuticals, legislative framework and marketauthorisations” in April 2000.

In November 2004 Philippe Brunet joined the Cabinet of Markos Kyprianou, the Commissionerresponsible for Health and Consumer Affairs, as Deputy Head of Cabinet, in the Barroso ICommission. In October 2007 he was appointed Head of Cabinet by Commissioner Kyprianou.

Following the resignation of Mr Kyprianou to become Minister of Foreign Affairs of theRepublic of Cyprus in February 2008 and his subsequent replacement by Mrs AndroullaVassiliou, Mr Brunet was appointed Head of Cabinet of Mrs Vassiliou as of March 2008.

On February 10, 2010, Ms Vassiliou took over the position of Commissioner for Education,Culture, Multilingualism and Youth in the Barroso II Commission. Ms Vassiliou re-appointedMr Philippe Brunet as the Head of her new Cabinet.

The Commission appointed him on 19 December 2012 as Director in the Directorate-General forInternal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG GROW) for the Directorate"Aerospace, Maritime and Defence Industries" as of January 2013. Mr Brunet main institutionalfiles comprise, inter alia, the implementation of COPERNICUS, a constellation of EU satellitesoffering Earth Observation services on a full, open and free of charge basis, and the developmentof civil and military synergies in security and defence matters to render the defence industrycompetitive and underpin a credible and effective Common Security and Defence Policy.

Philippe Brunet has two sons. He has been knighted in the French Order of the Legion ofHonour in 2011.


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Sir Martin Sweeting, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL), Surrey Space Centre

Sir Martin has a BSc in electronics and a PhD in radio engineeringfrom the University of Surrey (UK), and is the founder andExecutive Chairman of Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. (SSTL).Following two experimental ‘microsatellites’ built by hisresearch team at the University of Surrey and launched in 1981& 1984, he pioneered rapid-response, low-cost and highly-capable small satellites utilising modern consumer electronics to‘change the economics of space’, and has established the UK atthe forefront of this new field.

In 1985 Sir Martin formed a spin-off university company (SSTL)that has since grown to 550 staff with annual revenues exceeding£100M and exports of over £0.5Bn. SSTL has built and launched

50 small satellites – including the international Disaster Monitoring Constellation (DMC), thefirst Galileo navigation satellite (GIOVE-A) for ESA and building the 22 satellite navigationpayloads for the European Galileo constellation. In 2015, SSTL launched a constellation of threehigh-resolution (1-metre) earth observation mini-satellites and is now preparing a low-costmedium-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) minisatellite (NovaSAR) for launch in early2017. The Company’s first geostationary telecommunications satellite is under construction forEutelSAT. SSTL has developed a highly successful satellite know-how transfer and trainingprogramme with long-term collaborative partnerships with 18 countries – particularly enablingemerging space nations to achieve their first space missions and thus to access space directly tobenefit their environment and economies.

Sir Martin also chairs the Surrey Space Centre comprising around 100 researchers investigatingadvanced small satellite concepts and techniques and which acts as the research laboratory forSSTL – an exemplar of real academic-commercial synergy. The SSC collaborated with SSTL onthe world’s first ‘smartphone’ nanosatellite, STRaND-1, launched in February 2013, andlaunched a research nano-satellite for orbital debris mitigation in 2015.

Sir Martin has been appointed OBE and knighted by HM The Queen, elected a Fellow of theRoyal Society and a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and received the prestigiousvon Karman Wings Award from CalTech/JPL. In 2014, he received the Chinese Academy ofSciences/COSPAR Jeoujang Jaw Award recognising his contribution to international spacedevelopment and was identified by The Sunday Times as one of the UK’s 20 most influentialengineers.

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Ariane Cornell, Blue Origin, LLC

Ariane Cornell works on the Strategy and Business Development team for Blue Origin, LLC, adeveloper of vehicles and technologies to enable human space transportation. At Blue Origin,she is the head of the astronaut strategy and sales portfolio. She also supports the rocket engineand New Glenn orbital launch sales portfolios.

Ariane was formerly based in Vienna, Austria, as the Executive Director of the SpaceGeneration Advisory Council in Support of the United Nations Programme on SpaceApplications (SGAC). She headed SGAC’s delegations to international conferences and theUnited Nations, as well as ran the organisation’s operations, business development, strategyand policy output. Ariane has supported the international aerospace community in othercapacities and organizations. She has served on the board of Women in Aerospace – Europe,has guest blogged for Space News, and has sat on several committees of the InternationalAstronautical Federation and the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

Previously, Ariane worked in international management consulting, first with Accenture basedin San Francisco and then with Booz Allen Hamilton in Washington, DC. With Accenture, shelived and worked on IT projects in the Philippines, South Africa, Brazil and the US. With BoozAllen Hamilton as a senior consultant in the aerospace and defense commercial consultinggroup, she helped develop strategies and solve operational issues for executives of the world’stop aerospace and defense companies.

Ariane earned an MBA from Harvard University and a Bachelor of Science degree with honorsin science, technology and society, with a focus in management science and engineering, fromStanford University.


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Johannes von Thadden, Airbus Defence and Space

Dr Johannes von Thadden studied economics, history and political sciences at the Universitätdes Saarlandes in Saarbrücken, before studying economics and Polish language at theUniversity of Washington in Seattle, USA. He completed a PhD in economics on political andeconomic development in Poland.

Dr von Thadden held several posts at the Association of German Chambers of Industry andCommerce (Deutscher Industrie- und Handelskammertag), before becoming the DeputyDirector General at the Konrad-Adenauer Foundation and then the Director General atChristlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands (CDU). He has worked at Airbus Defence andSpace (Airbus DS, previously called Astrium) since 2007, and is currently the Head ofInternational and Space Institutions and the Airbus DS member of the Managing Board AirbusDS GmbH.

Dr von Thadden has been awarded the Bundesverdienstkreuz Order of Merit and is thePresident of the Foundation for Polish-German Cooperation.

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Reinhold Ewald, European Space Agency

Professor Reinhold Ewald was awarded a minor degree in Human Physiology and a PhD inradioastronomy at the University of Cologne. He was a finalist of the German astronautselection in 1986/87, and joined the German astronaut team in 1990. He undertook cosmonauttraining in Star City, Russia, and was a back-up cosmonaut for the German MIR mission in 1992.

In 1997, he spent three weeks on board the MIR space station, flying up and down in Soyuzspacecraft and performing an intense science programme. He joined ESA and the EuropeanAstronaut Corps in 1999, and subsequently became the ground team leader for Europeanmissions to the ISS. He was the Head of the ESA Columbus Control Centre near Munich until2011. In addition to his work at ESA, Professor Ewald is a University Professor for Astronauticsand Space Station at Stuttgart University.

Professor Ewald has been awarded the German Federal Cross of Merit First Class, as well as theRussian Order of Peoples’ Friendship and Medal of Courage. He and his wife Monika havethree children together.


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Thomas Pesquet, European Space Agency

Born in Rouen, France, on 27 February 1978, ThomasPesquet has a black belt in judo and enjoys basketball,jogging, swimming, squash and outdoor sports, such asmountain biking, kite surfing, sailing, skiing andmountaineering. He also has extensive experience in scubadiving and skydiving. His other interests include travelling,playing the saxophone and reading.

Thomas graduated from the competitive French ‘classespréparatoires aux grandes écoles’ at the Lycée PierreCorneille in Rouen, France, in 1998. In 2001, he received amaster’s degree from the École Nationale Supérieure del’Aéronautique et de l’Espace in Toulouse, France, majoringin spacecraft design and control. He spent his final yearbefore graduation at the École Polytechnique de Montréal,Canada, as an exchange student on the Aeronautics andSpace Master course.

From April to September 2001, Thomas was a trainee engineer with Thales Alenia Space inCannes, France, where he developed a satellite system design tool using concurrent engineeringtechniques. From October 2001, he worked as a spacecraft dynamics engineer on remote sensingmissions for GMV S.A. in Madrid, Spain. Between 2002 and 2004, Thomas worked at the Frenchspace agency, CNES, as a research engineer on space mission autonomy. He also carried outstudies on future European ground segment design and European space technologyharmonisation. From late 2002, he was a CNES representative at the Consultative Committeefor Space Data Systems, working on cross-support between international space agencies. Anavid private pilot in his spare time, he went on to become a commercial pilot for Air France in2006. Having logged more than 2300 flight hours on commercial airliners, he became a typerating instructor on the A320 and a Crew Resource Management instructor. Thomas is amember of the French Aeronautics and Astronautics Association (3AF) and of the AmericanInstitute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA).

Thomas was selected as an ESA astronaut in May 2009 and completed basic training inNovember 2010. After graduation, he worked on communicating with astronauts duringspaceflights from the mission control centre. He was also in charge of future projects at theEuropean Astronaut Centre, including initiating cooperation with new partners, such as China.To be ready for a space mission, he received further technical and operational training inEurope, Russia and the USA. He took part in exploration training courses: living and workingunderground on ESA’s CAVES training course and underwater on NASA’s Seatest-2 mission.

On 17 March 2014, Thomas was assigned to a long-duration mission on the International SpaceStation. He will be leaving our planet for six months in November 2016 as a flight engineer forExpeditions 50 and 51, returning in May 2017.

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Clare Moody MEP, STOA Panel Member

Clare Moody was elected as the Member of the European Parliament for the South West andGibraltar in May 2014. She is a member of the Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialistsand Democrats (S&D) and sits on the Budgets Committee (BUDG), the Industry,Telecommunications, Research and Energy Committee (ITRE) and the Women's Rights andGender Equality Committee (FEMM).

Clare's ITRE policy focuses are science & research policy, in particular Horizon 2020 and FP9,space policy, nuclear policy, and the circular economy. She has fought hard for science andresearch during budget cuts the EU has faced in recent years, and continues to rank the inclusionof women and girls in science and technology sectors as a top priority for European society andeconomy.

Before her election, Clare spent her working life as a trade unionist representing people in awide variety of industries. This gave her a daily insight into just how much people arestruggling to make ends meet. She is passionate about making sure everyone has the ability tohave a safe, secure job that can provide for them and their family and that they can benefit fromthe shared prosperity that being in Europe brings.


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Mairéad McGuinness MEP, EP Vice-President responsible for STOA

Mairead McGuinness is Vice-President of the European Parliament with responsibility forSTOA.

Her role as Vice-President also includes overseeing the European Parliament's InformationPolicy, Press and Citizens Relations, and she plays a leading role in the area of children's rightsin cross-border situations.

Mairead is an economist, specialising in agriculture and food, and is a member of theParliament’s Committees on Agriculture and Rural Development (AGRI), and on Environment,Public Health and Food Safety (ENVI).

Voted MEP of the Year for Agriculture 2011 by her colleagues in the Parliament, she focuses onthe future shape of agriculture and rural development, global development policy, theenvironment, and food safety and security.

Mairead chaired the Parliament's investigation into the collapse of the Equitable Life assurancecompany which identified issues around weak financial regulation before the financial crisis of2008.

She is co-chair of the Parliament’s MEP Heart Group, focusing on how to tackle heart diseasethrough information, awareness, diet and physical activity. Mairead was also lead negotiatorfor the European People’s Party (EPP) for the revision of key legislation on medical devices.

In May 2014 Mairead was elected to the European Parliament for the third time. Prior tobecoming an MEP she was a leading journalist, broadcaster and commentator in Ireland.

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Eva Kaili MEP, First Vice-Chair of STOA

Eva Kaili is Member of the European Parliament (2014-2019), head of the Greek S&D Delegation(PASOK/Elia) in the European Parliament, ITRE representative on the STOA Panel and 1stSTOA Vice-Chair.

Eva Kaili was elected two times (2007-2012) to the national parliament with the PanhellenicSocialist Movement (PASOK). For the past ten years, she has worked as a newscaster for MEGAChannel, an advisor on International Relations of Group DemCo, Alpha TV and acommunication advisor of the PanHellenic Pharmaceutical Union.

She has also been an advisor on International Relations and Greek products exports and heldthe position of Director of the Centre of Equality and Equal Opportunities.

She holds a bachelor degree in Architecture and Civil Engineering, and postgraduate studies inEuropean Politics. Currently, she is conducting her PhD in International Political Economy. Inthe European elections of 2014, Ms Kaili was elected, ranked-first, with the political scheme of'Elia', and she is a Member of the European Socialists and Democrats (S&D).

Eva Kaili chairs the Delegation for relations with the NATO Parliamentary Assembly (DNAT),and is a member of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE).

She is also a substitute member of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs (ECON)and a substitute member of the Subcommittee on Security and Defence (SEDE).


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5. Previous STOA Annual Lectures 2003-2015

A discovery tour in the world of quantum optics - 9 December 2015

Serge Haroche,

Collège de France, Paris (pictured right)

Christophe Salomon,

École Normale Supérieure, Paris

Grégoire Ribordy,

ID Quantique, Geneva

Towards understanding the brain: explained by a Nobel Prize winner18 November 2014

Thomas Christian Südhof,Stanford University, USA, 2013 Nobel Prize

in Medicine (pictured right)

David Nutt,Imperial College London &

President of the European Brain Council

Elena Becker-Barroso,The Lancet Neurology

Rosario Rizzuto,University of Padua, Italy

Sustaining sustainability: Making economics work for the global environment12 November 2013

Ismail Serageldin,Director of Bibliotheca Alexandrina & former Vice-President

of the World Bank (pictured left)

Achim Steiner,Executive Director of the United Nations Environment

Programme

Hans Bruyninckx,Executive Director of the European Environment Agency

Monika Kircher,CEO of Infineon Technologies Austria AG

Annual Lecture 2016

23

Unlocking the mysteries of the universe at CERN - 27 November 2012

François Englert, Professor Emeritus,Université Libre de Bruxelles (pictured left)

Peter Higgs, Professor Emeritus,University of Edinburgh (pictured right)

Rolf Heuer, Director-General of CERN

John Ellis, Professor, King's College London

Steve Myers, Director of Accelerators, CERN

Sustainable management of natural resources - 29 November 2011

Koji Omi, Founder and Chairman,Science and Technology in Society forum (pictured)

Sir Harry Kroto, Florida State University,1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (by video link)

John Anthony Allan,Professor Emeritus, King's College London

Is an oil-free future possible? - 7 December 2010

Shai Agassi,Founder and CEO of ‘Better Place’

(pictured right)

Paul Crutzen,Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry,

1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry(pictured left)

George Oláh,University of Southern California,

1994 Nobel Prize in Chemistry(by video link)


24

One web, free and open for all1 December 2009

Sir Tim Berners-Lee,Director of the World Wide Web Consortium &

Founder of the World Wide Web Foundation

Meeting future energy demands andtackling climate change

12 November 2008

Jeffrey Sachs, Director of the Earth Institute,Columbia University (by video link)

David Eyton,Group Vice-President on Technology BP (pictured)

Jean-Pascal van Ypersele,Vice-Chair Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

The future of the brain27 November 2007

Susan Greenfield,Director of the Institute for the Future of the Mind

Annual Lecture 2016

25

Avoiding a web of confusion -Innovation in information technology

21 November 2006

Phil Janson,IBM Academy of Technology

Climate change and CO2 emissions reduction23 November 2005

Guy Brasseur,Director of Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany

New and old epidemic diseases24 November 2004

Rolf Zinkernagel,University of Zurich, Switzerland,

1996 Nobel Prize in Medicine


26

The coldest matter in the universe4 November 2003

Wolfgang Ketterle,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA,

2001 Nobel Prize in Physics

Risks and opportunities in the biotechnology era25 March 2003

Kary Mullis,Burstein Technologies, Irvine, California,

1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Annual Lecture 2016

27

6. About STOA

The Science and Technology Options Assessment (STOA) Panel forms an integral part of thestructure of the European Parliament. Launched in 1987, STOA is tasked with identifying andindependently assessing the impact of new and emerging science and technologies.

The goal of its work is to assist, with independent information, the Members of the EuropeanParliament (MEPs) in developing options for long-term, strategic policy-making.

The STOA Panel

The STOA Panel consists of 25 MEPs nominated from the nine permanent parliamentarycommittees: AGRI (Agriculture & Rural Development), CULT (Culture & Education), EMPL(Employment & Social Affairs), ENVI (Environment, Public Health & Food Safety), IMCO(Internal Market & Consumer Protection), ITRE (Industry, Research & Energy), JURI (LegalAffairs), LIBE (Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs) and TRAN (Transport & Tourism).

Ms Mairéad McGuinness MEP is the European Parliament Vice-President responsible for STOAand member of the Panel. The STOA Chair for the first half of the 8th legislature is Paul Rübig,with Eva Kaili and Evžen Tošenovský elected as 1st and 2nd Vice-Chairs.

The STOA Approach

STOA fulfils its mission primarily by carrying out science-based projects. Whilst undertakingthese projects, STOA assesses the widest possible range of options to support evidence-basedpolicy decisions. A typical project investigates the impacts of both existing and emergingtechnology options and presents these in the form of studies and options briefs. These arepublicly available for download via the STOA website: www.europarl.europa.eu/stoa/. Someof STOA's projects explore the long-term impacts of future techno-scientific trends, with the aimto support MEPs in anticipating the consequences of developments in science. Alongside itsproduction of 'hard information', STOA communicates its findings to the European Parliamentby organising public events throughout the year. STOA also runs the MEP-Scientist PairingScheme aimed at promoting mutual understanding and facilitating the establishment of lastinglinks between the scientific and policy-making communities.

Focus areas

STOA activities and products are varied and are designed to cover as wide a range of scientificand technological topics as possible, such as nano-safety, e-Democracy, bio-engineering,assistive technologies for people with disabilities, waste management, cybersecurity, smartenergy grids, responsible research & innovation, sustainable agriculture and health.

They are grouped in five broad focus areas: eco-efficient transport and modern energy solutions;sustainable management of natural resources; potential and challenges of the Internet; healthand life sciences; science policy, communication and global networking.


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7. STOA Panel members

STOA Bureau

Mairéad McGUINNESS (EPP, IE)EP Vice-President responsible for STOA

Paul RÜBIG (EPP, AT)Chair of STOA

Committee on Industry, Research and Energy(ITRE)

Eva KAILI (S&D, EL)First Vice-Chair of STOA


Evžen TOŠENOVSKÝ (ECR, CZ)Second Vice-Chair of STOA


Annual Lecture 2016

29

STOA Panel

Panel Member Committee Panel Member Committee

Jan PhilippALBRECHT(Greens/EFA, DE)

LIBE DanutaJAZŁOWIECKA(EPP, PL)

EMPL

Tiziana BEGHIN(EFDD, IT)

ITRE Andrew LEWER(ECR, UK)

CULT

Renata BRIANO(S&D, IT)

ITRE BogusławLIBERADZKI(S&D, PL)

TRAN

Carlos COELHO(PPE, PT)

IMCO Anthea McINTYRE(ECR, UK)

AGRI

Mady DELVAUX(S&D, LU)

JURI Clare MOODY(S&D, UK)

ITRE

Vicky FORD(ECR, UK)

IMCO Momchil NEKOV(S&D, BG)

AGRI

Andrzej GRZYB(EPP, PL)

ENVI Marijana PETIR(EPP, HR)

AGRI


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Panel Member Committee Panel Member Committee

Georgi PIRINSKI(S&D, BG)

EMPL Kay SWINBURNE(ECR, UK)

ENVI

Virginie ROZIERE(S&D, FR)

IMCO DarioTAMBURRANO(EFDD, IT)

ITRE

Claudia SCHMIDT(EPP, AT)

TRAN Cora VANNIEUWENHUIZEN(ALDE, NL)

ITRE

AGRI: Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentCULT: Culture and EducationEMPL: Employment and Social AffairsENVI: Environment, Public Health and Food SafetyIMCO: Internal Market and Consumer ProtectionITRE: Industry, Research and EnergyJURI: Legal AffairsLIBE: Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsTRAN: Transport and Tourism

Annual Lecture 2016

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8. STOA administration

Directorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services (DG EPRS)European ParliamentRue Wiertz 60B-1047 BrusselsE-mail: [email protected]

Director-GeneralAnthony Teasdale

DirectorWolfgang Hiller

Head of Unit - Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA)Theo Karapiperis

Head of Service - STOA SecretariatZsolt G. Pataki

Head of Service - Scientific Foresight ServiceLieve Van Woensel

AdministratorsPhilip BoucherMihalis KritikosNera KuljanicChristian KurrerGianluca Quaglio

AssistantsSerge EvrardRachel ManirambonaMarie MassaroDamir Plese

TraineeJames Tarlton

PE 581.925

This is a publication of theDirectorate for Impact Assessment and European Added ValueDirectorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services, European Parliament

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