Towards a smokefree Europe
-
Upload
akashag11111 -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
445 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Towards a smokefree Europe
Towards a smokefree Europe
Malta Medical Students’ Association
EU HELP 2.0 Campaign
History
The spread of the habit
History
• 5000 BC – tobacco cultivated in South America
• believed that smoking cured diseases
• Smoking was used to:– contact spiritual world– seal peace treaties (peace pipe)
• 15th cent. – introduced in Europe
Tobacco Epidemic
Smoking considered a
luxury
Mass Production Cheaper Little statistical
knowledge
The Cigarette
What does it contain?
The Cigarette
• Over 4,000 chemicals, more than 50 cause cancer
Tar
• stains teeth and fingers brown
• contributes to lung disease
Carbon Monoxide
• odourless and colourless gas and extremely toxic
• less oxygen taken up by the body
• less fit, out of breath quicker
Other Substances
Cadmium •found in batteries
Formaldehyde •used to embalm dead bodies
Hydrogen cyanide •gas used in human gas chambers
Acetone •nail polish remover
Ammonia •used in floor cleaners
The Cigarette
All these substances contribute to all the signs and symptoms observed in smokers…
Nicotine• plants produce nicotine to prevent getting eaten by
insects and animals
• highly toxic…also used as industrial pesticide
• contributes to:– reproductive disorders– heart disorders– cancer ........... addiction
Addiction
Why is it so difficult to stop smoking?
The Nicotine Addict
• addict needs the drug to feel normal
• drugs are illegal or prescriptive
• although legal and harmful… nicotine is an addictive drug
• similar to the addiction of heroin and cocaine
Paul thinks that quitting may be hard for other people, but he can quit any
time he wants to…
The Addiction Cyclenicotine takes 7 seconds to reach brain
brain gets used to nicotine
more of it needed to get the same
pleasurable feelings
smoking addict needs to smoke
more to function normally as others
....so what happens if you do not take your cigarette?
• The smoking addict would feel:
anxious
not concentrated restless
The Nicotine Addict
• Nicotine addiction is what keeps many people smoking despite….
– its harmful effects
–wanting to quit
The consequences of this are many...
Disease
What does smoking do to the human body?
Kevin told Mark that after all smoking is not that harmful since cancer is the only disease
smokers can get
….and everyone has to die one day or another
Respiratory Problems• Cilia in airways move dust upwards so that
they do not get in the delicate lungs
• Smoke destroys them
Lungs of a smoker• lung will no longer be clear as it was– smoking addicts are always coughing – coughing is with mucus from damaged lung
• microbes accumulate in lungs– smokers develop infections more often– take longer to get better– infections lasting months
Emphysema
Lungs cannot stretch
Difficult to BreatheAlveoli destroyed
Chronic Bronchitis
Airways swell up
Painful Coughing&
Difficult to Breathe
Thicker Mucus in Lungs
Diseases of the Circulation
• narrowing of the arteries• smoking addict has a 200% increased risk
Consequences....
Heart Attack StrokeDisabilityDeath
Cancer
Lung Cancer
How many people are affected?
Annual Deaths
World – 6,000,000
Europe - 650,000
Malta - 341
Global Deaths by Smoking
90%Lung Cancer
25% Heart
Disease
75%Lung
Disease
Malta 2007
342 deaths out of 3,111 total deaths
Heart Disease
164
Lung Cancer
113
Lung Disease
65
These people were once young people like you...
11% of deaths because of smoking
Lung Disease
Heart Disease
Lung Cancer
Malta
• smoking is one of the major cause of disease and death among Maltese men
Education
• education helps in making people realise the effects of smoking
Secondhand Smoke
Smoke in the environment around you
85% of cigarette smoke is produced between puffs
Smoking and Pregnancy
What are the effects?
Smoking in Pregnancy
death during development
underweight newborns
premature delivery
deaths concerning all babies
Smoking is not just suicide...
...it’s murder...
Law
What are my rights?
Law• smoking was banned in all enclosed public
spaces (Malta, April 2004)
• the right for a smokefree environment
• Stand up for your rights!
Smoking Ban 8% Lung Cancer
30% Asthma & Chronic Bronchitis
Mirror, mirror....
How does smoking affect the way I look?
Social effects
• the clothes, hair and breath of a smoking addict immediately give his habit away
Bad odour
Social effects
• ‘smoking reduces attractiveness’– over two-thirds of young people– over half of smokers
• ‘quit to improve my attractiveness’– nearly half of smokers
‘Kissing a smoker.... is like licking an ashtray....’
Randy Powell
Aging of a Smoking Addict
Cosmetic Effects• Skin - ages by 10- 20 years
• Wrinkles – increases x3 times
• Face - yellow-grey, hollow cheeks
• Mouth – bad breath, gum & tooth disease
• Staining - yellow tooth enamel and fingers
• Fat – more fat storage and cellulite
When telling her to quit, Maria argues that she has a right to smoke since
smoking doesn't hurt anybody but her
Co$t
How much mon€y does a smoking addict burn?
Karmnu earns €7,030 a year and he says that he only smokes 1 packet of cigarettes a day. His wife tells him to quit because the house stinks and that their daughter suffers from asthma.
If a packet of cigarette costs €3.80....
How much does he spend daily?
And how much would this be for a year?
Since Karmnu earns €7,030 a year, what is the percentage of money spent on cigarattes?
Cost
€3.80 1packet
€3.80
€3.80 365 days €1387
?
Cost
€1387 €7030 19.7%
19.7% 8hrs 1hr 35min
€27742 years
42” PlasmaTV
€799 Holiday with wife
€1200
Laptop for daughter
€498
Healthier Food€ 400
Medical Costs- €123
Youth
Malta...
• money spent to cure tobacco-related disease could go for better education and healthcare
Financial Burden• addicts in developing countries:– do not afford enough food– cannot pay education to their children– earn less because of sickness and medical costs– death or disability of smoking parent leads to child labour
Environment
Cutting trees, Fires, Toxic Waste and Litter
Environmental Impact• 5% of global deforestation is due to tobacco
cultivation• leading cause of fatal household fires and bush
fires
Environmental Impact
• chemical waste from tobacco factories• nonbiodegradable packaging and cigarette
butts are a major source of a dirty environment
The Tobacco Industry
Who benefits from all this?
The industry
• 1994 - tobacco bosses swore that nicotine was not addictive
• Only 3 years later……admitted that nicotine was in fact addictive and that
smoking could cause cancer…
Expand to Developing Countries
Youth and Gender Issues
Tobacco IndustryStrategy
Advertising &
Promotion
Charity
Funding Science
Political Funding
Alliances
Employment
Cost Profit
The cost of tobacco use is
than benefits!!11 times greater
What YOU can do
How can I help or get help?
Yes! We can!
Know what smoking does...
Tell friends and family
Law enforce it!
What are schools doing?
Share your ideas!
More information
• peered.mmsa.org.mt• [email protected]
• www.help-eu.com• www.helpers-eu.comHELP EU
•2326 6116National Quitline