Tourism

• Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes.

• The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people ` traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes '.

• Tourism has become a popular global leisure activity.

Tourism

• There were over 940 million international tourist arrivals.

• International tourism receipts grew to US$919 billion in 2010, corresponding to an increase in real terms of 4. 7 %.

• International travel demand suffered a strong slowdown beginning in June 2008.

Tourism

• This negative trend intensified during 2009.

• This negative trend resulted in a worldwide decline of 4 % in 2009 to 880 million international tourists arrivals, and an estimated 6 % decline in international tourism receipts.

• Transportation services are such as airlines, cruise ships and taxicabs.

Tourism

• Hospitality services are such as accommodations.

• Entertainment venues are such as amusement parks, casinos, shopping malls, music venues and theaters.

Origin of the term

• Theobald suggested that ` etymologically, the word tour is derived from the Latin, ` tornare ' and the Greek, ` tornos ' '.

• The Latin, ` tornare ' and the Greek, ` tornos ' meant ` a lathe or circle; the movement around a central point or axis.

• The suffix ism is defined as ` an action or process; typical behavior or quality ' '.

Origin of the term

• The suffix denotes ` one that performs a given action.

• The suffix is ist.

• They suggest the action of movement around a circle.

Origin of the term

• The word tour and the suffixes ism and ist are combined.

• One can argue that a circle represents a starting point.

• The starting point returns back to its beginning.

Origin of the term

• Therefore , like a circle , a tour represents a journey in that it is a round-trip , i.e. , the act of leaving and then returning to the original starting point , and therefore , one who takes such a journey can be called a tourist .

• Hunziker and Krapf defined tourism as people who travel ` the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non-residents ``In 1941''.

• They do not lead to permanent residence.

Origin of the term

• They are not connected with any earning activity.

• In 1976, the Tourism Society of England's definition was: Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of people to destination outside the places where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each destination.

• It includes movements for all purposes '.

History

• People have always traveled to distant parts of the world.

• Great buildings are works of art.

• New languages are experience new cultures.

History

• Places such as Baiae were popular coastal resorts for the rich at the time of the Roman Republic.

• The word tourist was used by 1772 and tourism by 1811.

• The League of Nations defined foreign tourist as someone traveling abroad for at least twenty-four hours in 1936.

History

• Travel was associated with the Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom the first European country to promote leisure time to the increasing industrial population.

• This applied to the owners of the machinery of production, the economic oligarchy, the factory owners and the traders.

• These comprised the new middle class.

• In Nice , France , one of the first and best-established holiday resorts on the French Riviera , the long esplanade along the seafront is known to this day as the Promenade des Anglais ; in many other historic resorts in continental Europe , old , well-established palace hotels have names like the Hotel Bristol , the Hotel Carlton or the Hotel Majestic reflecting the dominance of English customers .

Winter tourism

• Although it is acknowledged that the Swiss were not the inventors of skiing it is well documented that St. Moritz , Graubunden , became the cradle of the developing winter tourism : Since that year of 1865 in St. Moritz , -LRB- 25 -RRB- many daring hotel managers choose to risk opening their hotels in winter but it was only in the seventies of the 20th century when winter tourism took over the lead from summer tourism in many of the Swiss ski resorts .

• Andorra , Austria , Bulgaria , Bosnia-Herzegovina , Czech Republic , France , Germany , Iceland , Italy , Norway , Poland , Serbia , Sweden , Slovenia , Spain , Switzerland -RRB- , Canada , the United States -LRB- e.g.

Mass tourism

• The first seaside resorts in the European style were at Atlantic City, New Jersey and Long Island in the United States.

• Long Island was New York.

• Heiligendamm was founded in 1793.

Recent developments

• There has been an up trend in tourism over the last few decades, especially in Europe.

• International travel for short breaks is common at Europe.

• The developments have made many types of tourism more affordable.

Recent developments

• The Guardian noted that ` the WHO estimates that up to 500,000 people are on planes at any time on April 28,2009.

• A tsunami hit the Asian countries on the Indian Ocean.

• The tsunami was caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake.

Recent developments

• Thousands of lives were lost including many tourists.

• The terms tourism and travel are sometimes used interchangeably.

• Travel has a similar definition to tourism.

Recent developments

• Travel implies a more purposeful journey.

• The terms tourism and tourist are sometimes used pejoratively.

Latest traits

• International arrivals suffered a strong slowdown beginning in June 2008 as a result of the late-2000s recession.

• Growth from 2007 to 2008 was only 3. 7 % during the first eight months of 2008.

• The Middle East continued its rapid growth during the same period.

Latest traits

• The Middle East reached a 17 % growth as compared to the same period in 2007.

• This slowdown on international tourism demand was also reflected in the air transport industry through September.

• The air transport industry was with a negative growth in September 2008 and a 3. 3 % growth in passenger traffic.

Latest traits

• This negative trend intensified as international tourist arrivals fell by 8 % during the first four months of 2009.

• The decline was exacerbated in some regions due to the outbreak of the influenza AH1N1 virus.

• International tourist arrivals fell by 8 % during the first four months of 2009.