BY: JOVI ALIDON

Tourette syndrome Tourette syndrome is a nervous system disorder that starts in childhood. This involves unusual repetitive movements or unwanted sounds that can't be controlled. Person with this syndrome may repeatedly blink their eyes, shrug their shoulders or jerk their head. In some cases, you might unintentionally blurt out offensive words. Tourette syndrome typically shows up between ages 2 and 12, average being around 7 years of age. Males are about 3 - 4 times more likely than females to develop Tourette syndrome. Tourette syndrome often lessens or become quiet and controlled after the teen years.

SYMPTOMS The symptoms, the word Tics is sudden, brief, intermittent movements or sounds which one of a sign of Tourette syndrome. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. For severe symptoms may interfere with communicating and daily functioning.

Simple ticssudden,

brief and repetitive

that involves limited

number of muscle

groups

Complex

Tics:coordinated

patterns of

movements involve

several muscle groups

Motor Tics:which

involves movement

like; often facial tics,

such as blinking

usually happen before

vocal tics do. People

experience is different

and no typical case.

Causes The causes I found that are the reason for Tourette syndrome isn’t known and a way to prevent it. It’s caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. But there are two theories what it’s caused from.

1st Theory

First is

Genetics, it

could be an

inherited

disorder.

Specific genes

may be

involved; one

genetic

mutation has

been identified

as a rare cause

of it

2nd Theory

Second is Brain

Abnormalities;

which certain

chemicals in the

brain transmit

nerve impulses

may play a role.

(Dopamine & serotonin)

Risk Factors Family history:Having a family history or other tic

disorders may increase the risk

Being Male:Males are 3-4 time more likely than females. The complications are is it may increase your risk of learning, behavioral and social challenges

which harms your self-image.

Also in addition most likely they have related conditions are: ADHD, OCD, Learning Disabilities, Sleep disorders, Depression and Anxiety disorders.

Test/Diagnosis For Diagnose and test for this syndrome, there are no specific test that can diagnose doctors rely on the history of the symptoms. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) determines the criteria for a diagnosis. The criteria to diagnose are both motor and vocal tics that happen nearly every day for more than a year. Diagnosis may be delayed because of families and doctors are unfamiliar

with the symptoms. Doctors do order blood test, neuroimaging studies, such as MRI.

Treatment/Drugs There’s not cure for Tourette syndrome. Treatment is to help

control tics that interfere with everyday life activities and functioning, but if tics are severe treatment may be unnecessary. For medications it is to eliminate symptoms and side effects which are related condition such as ADHA, OCD etc. Medications include: Drugs that block or deplete the neurotransmitter dopamine in the

brain is Fluphenazine, Pimozide. Botulinum (Botox) Helps for Simple Vocal Tics, helps muscle relieve the tics. Stimulants, increase attention and concentration. Central Adrenergic inhibitors, help impulse control problems, & anti-depressants. Lastly there are therapies includes: Psychotherapy, Behavior, and deep brain stimulation