Touchscreen Technology by Ankur Verma

8/6/2019 Touchscreen Technology by Ankur Verma

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BY :-

NAME:-ANKUR VERMAR.NO:- 0716413013


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INTRODUCTION Atouchscreen is a display that can

detect the presence and location of a

touch within the display area. The term generally refers to touch or

contact to the display ofthe device by

a finger or hand.

Touchscreen can also sense otherpassive objects, such as a stylus.


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The touchscreen has two main attributes:

1. It enables one to interact with what is displayeddirectly on the screen, where it is displayed,

rather than indirectly with a mouse or touchpad.2. It lets one do so without requiring any

intermediate device, again, such as a stylus thatneeds to be held in the hand. Such displays can

be attached to computers or, as terminals, tonetworks.


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History

Touchscreens emerged from academic and corporateresearch labs in the second half of the 1960s.

One of the first places where they gained somevisibility was in the terminal of a computer-assistedlearning terminal that came out in 1972 as part of thePLATO project.

The HP-150 from 1983 was probably the world's earliestcommercial touchscreen computer.

It doesn't actually have a touchscreen in the strictsense, but a 9" Sony CR T surrounded by infraredtransmitters and receivers which detect the position ofany non-transparent object on the screen.


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DevelopmentDevelopment

y These devices also allow multiple users to interact withthe touchscreen simultaneously.

y The development of multipoint touchscreen facilitatedthe tracking of more than one finger on the screen,thus operations that require more than one finger arepossible.

yWith the influence of the multi-touch-enablediPhone and the Nintendo DS, the touchscreen marketfor mobile devices produced 5 billion in 2009.


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Touch screen technology

Main touch screen components:Main touch screen components:

1Touch sensor

2 Controller

3 Software driver

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TOUCH SENSORTOUCH SENSOR..

A touch sensor is a clear glass panel with a touch responsive

surface .

The sensor generally has an electrical signal going through it and

touching the screen causing a signal change.

The signal change is used to determine the location of the touch to thescreen.


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CONTROLLERCONTROLLER

The controller is

small PC card that

connects between

the touch sensorand PC.

It takes information

from the touch

sensor and translatein to information that

PC can understand.


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SOFTWARE DRIVERSOFTWARE DRIVER

The driver is a software that allows theThe driver is a software that allows the

touch screen and computer to worktouch screen and computer to work

together.together.

It tells the operating system how toIt tells the operating system how tointerpret the touch event information thatinterpret the touch event information that

sent from the controller.sent from the controller.

Most of the touch screen drivers todayMost of the touch screen drivers todayareare mousemouse emulation type driveremulation type driver ..


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Construction

There are several principal ways to build a touchscreen:

y In the most popular techniques, the capacitive or resistive approach,manufactures coat the screen with a thin, transparent metallic layer.

y When a user touches the surface, the system records the change in theelectrical current that flows through the display.


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TYPES OF TOUCHSCREENResistive Touch screen

Surface wave Touch screen

Capacitive Touch screen*Surface capacitive

*Projected capacitive

Near Field Imaging Touch screen

Infrared Touch screen

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TechnologiesThe types of technologies that can be found are asfollows:

Resistive:

The resistive touch screenuses a glass panel with auniform conductiveITO(Indium Tin Oxide)coating on the side surface.

A PET film is a tightlysuspended over the ITOcoating surface of a glasspanel.


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Working Principle:

WhenWhen thethe screenscreen isis touched,touched, itit pushespushes thethe conductiveconductive ITOITO coatingcoating ononthethe PETPET filmfilm.. ThatThat resultsresults thethe electricalelectrical contact,contact, producingproducing thethe voltagesvoltages..ItIt presentspresents thethe positionposition touchedtouched..

Resistive touchscreen deliver cost-effective, consistent and durableperformance


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Capacitive:

y Capacitive touchscreen is a four multi-layer glass.

y Small amount of voltage is applied to the electrodes on the four corners

y A human body is an electric conductor, so when touched the screen

with a finger, a slight amount of current is drawn, creating a voltagedrop. The current respectively drifts to the electrodes on the fourcorners.

y The capacitive system has very long life (about 225 million clicks).


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Comparison ofTechnologies:Technology Resistive SAW Infrared Capacitive

Durability: 5 years 5 years 3 years 2 years

Stability: High Higher High Ok

Transparency: Ok Good Good Ok

Touch: Anything Finger/ pen Sharp Conductive

Response time:


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Advantages & Disadvantages:

Advantages:

y User friendly.

y Fast response.

y Error free input.

y Easy to install.

y Use finger, fingernail, gloved hand, stylus or any soft-tip pointerto operate.

y Easy to clean and maintain.

yCompatible with Windows, Macintosh and Linux.

y Does not interfere mouse and keyboard function.

y Make computing easy, powerful and fun.


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Disadvantages:

1)Finger stress: Stress on human fingers when used for more than a fewminutes at a time. (for example, ATMs).

2)Fingerprints: Touchscreens can suffer from the problem offingerprints on the display.

3)User has to sit closer to the screen as compared to external keyboard.

4) The screen may be covered more by using hand.


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ApplicationsPublicAccess:

y Museums

y Library resource guides

y Corporate information

y Public Transportation Schedule / Status

yAirport terminal passenger internet and email systems

yAutomated travel and entertainment ticket dispensers

y Shopping mall directory


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Business

y Gas stations

y Point of sales

y Restaurantsy Grocery stores

y Hospital and hotel directories (check-in, registration)

y Banks and Financial Reporting

y Bank cash advance and teller machines


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FUTURE OF TOUCH SCREEN TECHNOLOGY


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Concl

usion:

y Designers are trying to use touchscreen to simplify inputcommands for largely unsophisticated computer users.

y T

oday, a larger share of population is PC literate, yet thetouchscreen has become adopted by computer users of allabilities because it is simple, fast, and innovative.

y In future there is no usage of mouse and keyboards as they will

be replaced by touchscreens.


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Touchscreen Technology by Ankur Verma

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