Topic 5: Information Assurance and Security Disease Surveillance in China
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Transcript of Topic 5: Information Assurance and Security Disease Surveillance in China
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Topic 5: Information Assurance and Security
Disease Surveillance in China
Dan RuISYM-540-P08/06/2009
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Disease Surveillance
• Monitor spread of disease• Establish patterns of progression• Predict, observe and minimize harm caused by
outbreak, epidemic, and pandemic situations• Key: Disease Case Reporting• 1969 WHO mandatory reporting
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System in China
• National Disease Reporting System (NDRS)• Cover over 1.3 billion people• 35 notifiable infectious disease – Class A,B, & C
• National Disease Surveillance Points (DSPs)• Stratified cluster random sampling• Select 145 reporting sites in 30 provinces• Cover 1% of China’s population
• Surveillance System for Specific Disease• Infections disease• Occupational disease• Food poisoning, etc.
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National Disease Reporting System
• 1959: system established• Analog Telephone Linevillage → township → county → province → nation
• 1986: new system began • Digital Communication Network
• 1987: start operating• Nationwide Antiepidemic Computer
Telecommunication Network (NATCN)
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NACTN
Existing Databases• National report on:
– Infectious disease– Occupational disease– Outbreaks of food poisoning
• National disease surveillance• National survey data bases:
– Drinking water quality– Human-parasite infections– Nutritional surveys– Nutrition for the elderly
Future Developments• Accumulate information• Update techniques• Establish subnetworks
within provinces
– Smoking and health– Child-nutrition surveillance– Diarrheal disease of children
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National Disease Surveillance Points
• 1980-1989: Voluntary Participation• 10 million people: upper middle class• Biased data collection
• 1989-now: Stratified Cluster Radom • 145 DSPs in 30 provinces • Cover 1% of China’s population• Characterize risk factors and patterns of death among adults• Identify factors that influence the quality of data collected• Develop methods to monitor Chronic disease• Devise approaches to promote use of data from DSPs by
policymakers
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DSPs
Household• Number of members• Income• Health-care situation• Water supply• Toilet facilities
Individual• Occupation• Education• Birth/Death• Episodes of infectious disease• Pregnancy/Lactation/Feeding• Vaccination
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2003 SARS Outbreak
• Investing over $9 billions • 5,300 road projects• Reported cases: 7,492• Death toll: 685• Late report, fail to ask international help• Outbreak is 10 times worse than admitted
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Policies/advises to People
• Ensure strict hygiene, well-balanced meals, seasonal clothing, physical exercise, adequate rest and reduced stress, and avoid smoking
• Ensure adequate indoor ventilation and avoid crowded public places
• Go to hospital immediately if symptoms appear• Do not visit atypical pneumonia patients• Tell children prevention methods
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2009 Swine Flu
• Reported cases: 1,930• No reported death
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Thermal scanner shows the heat signature of passengers
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China's Aggressive Stance on Swine Flu