Topic 5 Fire Fighng System & Fire Escape Requirements
Transcript of Topic 5 Fire Fighng System & Fire Escape Requirements
Topic5FireFigh-ngSystem&
FireEscapeRequirements
PrinciplesofFireProtec-onRequirementsforLargerandTaller
BuildingsInMalaysia
References:1. UniformBuildingByLaw;Part
VII&VIII
2. GuidetoFireProtec-oninMalaysiabyDato’HamzahbinAbuBakar
FireSafetyPhilosophy–UBBL1984
• LifeSafetyisUl-mateinBuildingDesign;lifesafetyofoccupantsofbuildingsmustbetheprimeconsidera-onandthiscanbeachievedbyminimumfireprotec-oninrespectofthevariousbasicaspectsof:
Basicaspectstoensuresafetyofbuildingoccupants:
• Meansofescapeforoccupants/evacua-on
• Spreadoffirewithinthebuilding,fromonebuildingtoanother/
passivecontainment
• Meansofdetec-onandex-nguishmentoffire;ac-veinterven-on&
accessforfirefigh-ngandrescue
•
Issue
• Thelargerthespace,thegreateristhepoten-alfirerisksandthegreaterthelikelyfireloss,however…….
itdevelopmentsitiso\ennecessarytoincreasethebuildingheightofbuildingsorthefloorareatoobtainprofitablereturnofinvestment
BuildingConsideredasAWhole
• Passive• Ac-ve
FireProtec-on
BuildingConsideredAsaWholeTherequirementofadequatemeansofescapeisaninexactscienceandmayvaryindifferenttypesof:• occupant• usage• process• buildingtypes• buildingheights
PassiveFireProtec-onPartVIIUBBL
Buildingsaredesignatedintocatergorizesaccordingtoit’suse:PurposeGroup
Fi\hScheduleUBBL–PurposeGroupI‐VIII
purposeforwhichthebuildingorcompartmentisintendedtobeused
‐ GroupI–III;groupswithresiden-alelementsi.e.thereissleepingaccomoda-on(extradangerintheeventoffire)
‐ GroupIV–VIII;nosleepingaccomoda-on
Designa-onofpurposegroup
• Everybuildingistohaveoneoveralldesigna-on• Whereabuildingisdividedintocompartments,usedor
intendedtobeusedfordifferentpurposes,thepurposegroupofeachcompartmentshallbedeterminedseperately
• Individualcomponentsofbuildingdifferentusagefromoverallmustbedesignedtoaccommodatethemorestringentrequirementandwheretheserequirements‘spill’intootherpartsofthebuiliding,themorestringentrequirementapplies
Howpurposegroupinfluencesfireprotec-onrequirement
Fifth Schedule: Purpose Group
6TH Schedule: Permitted Limits
of Unprotected
Openings
7TH Schedule: Maximum Travel
Distance
Calculation of Occupant Load & Capasity of Exits
8TH Schedule : Ristriction of Flame
Spread Over Walls & Ceilings
9TH Schedule : Limit of
Compartment & Min Periods of Fire Resistance for Elements of Structure
10TH Schedule : Table of
Requirement For Active Fire
Protection
Limitsofdimensions
• Sprinklershavebeenproventobeamosteffec-veformoffirecontrol
• Itprovidesearlysuppressionandcontainmentsystem
• Extendstheevacua-on-me• Consequentlythelimitsofdimensionsforareasandvolumnsinbuildingsandcompartmentswhicharewithsprinklersystemareallowedtobedoubled
Atrium
• Alargevoluma-cspacecreatedbyaflooropeningoraseriesofflooropeningsconnec-ontwoormorestoriesandisusedforpurposesotherthananenclosedstairway,elevatorhoistway,escalatoropening,
u-litysha\forplumbing,electrical,aircondi-oningorcommunica-onfacili-es
FireAppliancesAccess
Vehicularaccesstotheexteriorofabuildingisneededto:
• enablehighreachappliancese.g.turntableladdersandhydraulicplaeormstobeusedand
• Enablepumpingappliancestosupplywaterandequiptmentforfirefigh-ngandrescueac-vi-es
Bombaaccesstobuilding