PLANT REPRODUCTION AND BREEDING

- people adapt plants to meet their needs.

- selective breeding is choosing specific plants for their special characteristics.

TOPIC 3

- the plants are cross-pollinated and their offspring inherit the characteristics of both parents.

- scientists can change plants by going inside the plant cell and changing some of the genetic material

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- the part of the plant that control the characteristics is the genes

Asexual Reproduction(Vegetative Reproduction)

- one parent plant grows new plants from its roots,

stems or leaves.

- the young plant is identical to the

parent.

PLANT REPRODUCTION

Layering

- produces plants from the stems

- branch from the parent bends to

the ground and covers with soil then grows

roots.

Grafting

- take a branch from one tree

and attach it to another

Cuttings

- cut a small section of a leaf

or stem to grow a new plant

Sexual Reproduction

- involves two parents that produce seed

- plants are slightly different from the parents

- reproduce using seeds

- helps plants adapt to changes

Cone Bearing Plants- female cone contains ovules (eggs)- male cone has pollen (sperm)- pollen blows in the wind to female cone- egg is fertilized

and seed is formed in the cone

Flowering Plants --Parts of the Flower

Pollination

Pollination occurs when pollen has been transferred from the anther to the stigma. When the pollen grain germinates on the stigma it creates a burrow called the pollen tube as it travels toward the ovary.

When the sperm cell from the pollen grain reaches the ovary or ovule the sperm joins with the egg. This is called fertilization.

The fertilized zygote will become a tiny new plant inside the seed. We call this tiny new plant the embryo.

Fruit- fruit is the growing ovary of the plant

- protects the seeds of the plant until they are ripe

Seed DispersalRead page 127 and describe the six ways plants can disperse seeds.

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3.

4.

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6.

Germination - the development of the seed into a plant