Topic 12: Managing Change and Innovationfaculty.sjcny.edu/~barkocy/MgmtpdfSlides/Chart Topic...
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Managing Change and Innovation Topic 12 Prof. James J. Barkocy Bus100
Transcript of Topic 12: Managing Change and Innovationfaculty.sjcny.edu/~barkocy/MgmtpdfSlides/Chart Topic...
Managing
Change and
Innovation
Topic
12
Prof. James J. BarkocyBus100
12–2
Organizational Change
Movement of an organization away
from its present state and toward some
desired future state to increase its efficiency and effectiveness
Alterations in people, structure, or technology
12–3
Organizational Change
12–4
Lewin’s Force-Field Theory of Change
12–5
Forces for Change
• External forces
Marketplace
Governmental laws
and regulations
Technology
Labor market
Economic changes
• Internal Forces
Changes in
organizational
strategy
Workforce changes
New equipment
Employee attitudes
12–6
What Is Change Like?
Calm? Chaotic?
12–7
Evolutionary and Revolutionary Change
• Evolutionary change
gradual, incremental, and
narrowly focused
constant attempt to
improve, adapt, and adjust
strategy and structure
incrementally to
accommodate changes in
the environment
12–8
• Continuous, incremental change
• Fixing and improving
• Mostly “as is”
• Works from bottom up in organization
Total Quality
Management
• Radical change
• Redesigning - starting over
• Mostly “what can be”
• Initiated by top management
Reengineering
12–9
Evolutionary and Revolutionary Change
• Revolutionary
change
Rapid, dramatic, and
broadly focused
Involves a bold attempt
to quickly find ways to
be effective
Likely to result in a
radical shift in ways of
doing things, new
goals, and a new
structure for the
organization
12–10
Three Categories of Change
12–11
Resistance to Change
Uncertainty and
Ambiguity
Concern Over
Personal Loss
Belief That Change Is
Not Beneficial to the Firm
12–12
CoercionManipulation
and Cooptation
Education and
Communication
Negotiation
Techniques for
Reducing Resistance
Facilitation
and Support
Participation
12–13
Managerial Actions to Reduce Resistance to Change
12–14
A Contemporary Model of Change
12–15
Causes of Stress
12–16
Symptoms of Stress
12–17
What Is
Creativity?
What Is
Innovation?
• Combining new ideas in
unique ways or
associating ideas in
unusual ways
• Turning creative ideas into
useful products, services,
or methods of operation
12–18
Two Kinds of Innovation
• Quantum product innovation
results in the development of radically different kinds
of goods and services because of fundamental shifts
in technology brought about by pioneering discoveries
• Incremental product innovation
results in gradual improvements and
refinements to existing products over
time as existing technologies are
perfected, and functional managers
learn how to perform value-chain
activities in better ways
12–19
Strategies to Promote Innovation and
Speed Product Development
Involve both customers and suppliers
Establish a stage-gate development funnel
Establish cross-functional teams
12–20
Stage-Gate Development Funnel
