AURO UNIVERSITY OF HOSPITALITY AND MANAGEMENT

A PROJECT ONORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

MBA

Block 1 SEM-1

Individual Paper

Submitted by: KANIKA SHAH

(MBA 14-16)

Submitted to: TANU NARANG(Module leader)

Acknowledgment

The Project Report is written in accordance with Masters of business administration course prescribed by AURO UNIVERSITY. It has always been my sincere desire as a management student to get the opportunity to express my views, skills, attitude, and talent in which I am proficient. A project is one such avenue through which a student who aspires to be a future manager does something creative. This project has given me a chance to get in touch with the practical aspects of management. Therefore I would like to thank AURO UNIVERSITY for including these submissions in the course work.

First of all i would like to thank TANU NARANG (Module Leader) who has given in depth explanation about the module Organizational Behavior. I will always be thankful for your in valuable advice.

Secondly, I would like to thank the people who have helped me during my project work in giving depth guidance and gave us their time from their busy schedule.

CONTENTS

Aims and Objectives

Introduction

Organizational Behavior

Key concepts of Organizational Behavior

Interviews of top level, middle level and middle level management

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

i. To understand the concepts of organizational behavior and its application in managing people.

ii. To apply different approaches to organizational behavior and enhance the human relationships within the organization.

iii. Explore the relationships among the various components of organizational behavior and their effectiveness.

INTRODUCTION:

Organizations are social systems. If one wishes to work in them or to manage them, it is necessary to understand how they operate. Organizations combine science and people-technology and humanity. Unless we have qualified people to design and implement, techniques alone will not produce desirable results. Human behavior in organizations is rather unpredictable. It is unpredictable because it arises from people’s deep-seated needs and value systems. However, it can be partially understood in terms of the framework of behavior science, management and other disciplines. There is no idealistic solution to organizational problems. All that can be done is to increase our understanding and skills so that human relations at work can be enhanced.

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

Organizational behavior is field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behavior within organization

It is the study and application of knowledge about how people act within It broadly applies to all the types of organizations, such as business, government,

schools and services organizations. OB covers the core topics of motivation, leadership behavior and power,

interpersonal communication, group structure and process, learning, attitude development and perception, change process, conflict, job design and work stress.

KEY ELEMENTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR:

People: needed for an organizationi. Individual Employee

ii. Dynamic relationshipsiii. Groups iv. People outside the organization

Structure: to have organized workingsi. Hierarchy of Authority

ii. Division of Labouriii. Span of Controliv. Speacializationv. Standardization

vi. Formalizationvii. Centralization

viii. Complexity Technology: people in organization use technology

i. Long linked Technologyii. Mediating Technology

iii. Intensive Technology External Elements: each of the above factors are influenced by external

environment

TOP LEVEL MANAGER:

Top level managers are the head of an organization and their main focus in on making organizations goals and polices, they are the ones who takes the major decisions for the company.

Interviewee: Mr. Paresh Shah

Designation: Top manager (Amway, Surat)

Contact no.: +919824166365

Email id: pm_uniway@rediffmail.com

Introduction to manager’s organization and industry:

AMWAY (is an American company using multi-level marketing techniques, that sells a variety of products, primarily in the health, beauty, and home care markets. Amway was founded in 1959 by Jay Van Andel and Richard DeVos. Based in Ada, Michigan, the company and family of companies under Alticor reported sales of USD$11.3 billion for the year ending on December 31, 2012—the seventh consecutive year of growth for the company. It is a DIRECT SELLING INDUSTRY Direct selling is the sale of a consumer product or service, person-to-person, away from a fixed retail location, marketed through independent sales representatives who are sometimes also referred to as consultants, distributors or other titles.

NAME

QUESTION REPLY INFERENCES QUALITY

Mr. Paresh Shah

How do communicate with your employees directly or through middle level staff? Why?

Communication with employees is done through middle and not directly. As proper organization's hierarchy is mainatined and Upper management can easily communicate goals and assign responsibilities regarding achieving those goals to the middle level and then they can get the work done through the employees.

Downward communication is followed there as in downward communication there is a clear-cut division of responsibility and accountability. Also sometimes subordinates need explanation of organizational policies and procedures. In such situations, managers rely on downward communication to provide necessary explanations and analysis.

Downward Communication

Do you involve employees in decision making? Why?

Yes, we do involve employees in decision making so that the exact solution to the problem can be known as eventually they are the ones who has to implement and work on it.

Decisions are taken with the involvement of the employees I find it as a good way of taking decisions as it would improve motivation because employees feel more acceptedand involved in the situation. Their self- esteem, job satisfaction and cooperation with the management will also improve. This results often in reduced. conflict and stresses more commitment to goals, and better acceptance of a change.

Participative management

On what basis do you provide incentives to the employees?

We provide incentives to employees on the basis of their performance and their

Providing Incentives is one of the ways which can motivate the employees regardless

Motivation

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commitment level and dedication towards their work.

whteher they are monetary or non monetary. Incentives would anyways increase performance and productivity, employees have increased morale, job satisfaction and involvement in organizational functions. As a result, employers experience greater efficiency and an increase in sales and productivity. Through workplace rewards and incentives, employers and workers enjoy a positive and productive work environment.

How do you maintain the interrelationship amongst your employees?

Maintaing interrelationship amongst the employees in an important factor according to him and they do it on regular basis by assignming them group tasks.

Interrelationship amongst the employees is very important as they are the ones who are working together for most of the times and also it would help develop trust among your employees, establish a stronger bond between coworkers who might blame one another when problems arise within shared business projects. This bond can help in increasing collaboration among employees during daily business activities. Thus it is important to maintain proper interrelationship

Team building

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amongst the employees and create an happy and friendly working environment.

What do you do to maintain the enthusiasm amongst the employees to perform better?

Employees perform better whn they are motivated and when they are motivated they work with more enthusiasm which results in more efficiency and here inorder to keep them enthusiased about their work ther are given short term goals and if they accomplish them within the given time period they are given incentives, and also are recognised amongst other employees which makes them feel motivated They are also given regular feedback about their performance and their involvement in the decision making also plays a major role in motivating the employees.

Motivation in the workplace is obviously very important. Creating a motivating environment in te workplace produces happy employees; therefore low staff turnover and absenteeism, enhanced productivity, satisfied customers and better financial performance.

Motivation

MIDDLE LEVEL MANAGER:

Middle management is the intermediate management of a hierarchical organization, being subordinate to the senior management but above the lowest levels of operational staff. Operational supervisors may be considered middle management

1) Interviewee: Nitigia Pachasia

Designation: Customer head (signature events)

Contact no.: +99879562951

Introduction to manager’s organization and industry:

Signature Events creates unique and memorable experiences. Every event we work on is a special celebration that reflects our client’s passion, personality and vision.

NAME QUESTION REPLY INFERENCES QUALITYMs.Nitigia Pachasia

What methods do you use to prioritize work assignments?

It is as per the requirement of mangement and their deadlines.

Here the work assignments are done as per the request of the management as a result they would plan all the events properly and according to the planned schedule would do their work.

Planning.

If you had an underperforming employee reporting to you how do you address the situation?

We bring the same to their Knowledge and give them sometime and support in order to improve their performance.

Under situations of underperformance the employees are given knowledge and the top management and other employees are always ready to support the employee underperforming with help when needed which is a sign of health working environment and help the employee perform better.

 Self efficacy

How do you manage employees performance? How do you give feedback to the employees about their performance?

We monitor their performance and accuracy of work on monthly basis, and at the end of the month we have meetings and in the same meeting we give them feedback.

Performance of the employees are rated reguarly which would keep alert and working all the time and is also goo for the organisation because it would increase the efficiency . And on the rating given to them after due monitoring of their work they are given feedback at the end of the month so that they can know where they were good and what has to improved giving feedback motivates the employees.

 Performance appraisal

NAME QUESTION REPLY INFERENCES QUALITYAre you satisfied with the working environment of your organisation?

No, too much work load, No proper training is given and political environment and biases is felt in the organization.

She is not satisfied with working environment as there is no proper stress management nor is proper training provided and biases is felt which would create a negative perceptionfor the organisation.

 Low job satisfaction

What do you consider the most challenging thing being a middle level manager?

Connecting between the top level and bottom level.

Being the middle level manager has to deal with both the top and the bottom level which makes it a little tough work as to in terms of communication (upward communication)

 Poor communication

2) Interviewee: Asmita Patel

Designation: Operation Manager( Amway)

Contact no: ++919727392363

Introduction to manager’s organization and industry:

AMWAY (is an American company using multi-level marketing techniques, that sells a variety of products, primarily in the health, beauty, and home care markets. Amway was founded in 1959 by Jay Van Andel and Richard DeVos. Based in Ada, Michigan, the company and family of companies under Alticor reported sales of USD$11.3 billion for the year ending on December 31, 2012—the seventh consecutive year of growth for the company. It is a DIRECT SELLING INDUSTRY Direct selling is the sale of a consumer product or service, person-to-person, away from a fixed retail location, marketed through independent sales representatives who are sometimes also referred to as consultants, distributors or other titles.

NAME

QUESTION REPLY INFERENCES QUALITY

Mrs. Asmita Desai

What methods do you use to prioritize work assignments?

We try to maintain FIFO method and at the same time if there is any time frame given in , it is always given priority.

Here the work assignments are done on basis of their assignment dates or time and as mostly the important ones are given more importance and are finised.

 Time management

If you had an underperforming employee reporting to you how do you address the situation?

Try to find out reason for his or her under performance and we explain result of his or her unerperformance on management and we motivate them.

 Properly motivation is given to employees so that they can work effectively

 Motivation

How do you manage employees performance? How do you give feedback to the employees about their performance?

We are having various performance mesaurements each and every activity is having weightage and on the basis of that performance is measured. And for feedback each employee is personally called and given feedback about their performance and are told about ways to improve their performance.

It is a unique way of measuring performance of the employees but by this way of measuring performance and giving feedback would motivate the employees more as it would have a effect of personal attention and a feeling of belonginess would be felt to the employees resulting in boosting their morale and motivating them to work more effectively and efficiently.

 Feeling of belonginess

Are you satisfied with the working

Yes I am 100 % satisfied withworking enviroment of my organisation.Working

A pleasant and positive working environment is key

 Positive working environment

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QUESTION REPLY INFERENCES QUALITY

environment of your organisation?

Atsmopher, Co Worker, Respect to staff, Motivation ,Timing Flexibility of work.

to getting the most out of employees. With a positive working environment productivity increases and also with it there would be less problems or absentism and turnover. Also in a positive environment the employees are always happy and motivated to do their work.

What do you consider the most challenging thing being a middle level manager?

We have to get work done from the staff under us and at the same time report to upper management. Now here if staff under has not fininshed there work and Upper level management is asking for report how to communiacte to the upper management that the report has not been prepared in the given time frame.

Sometimes in an organisation such things happen and here the middle level manager is in a fixed position but what I feel is it is the duty of the middle level manager to see and monitor whether the work assigned has been being done or not and if he does so such situation would not arise only.

 Lack of coordination.

2) Interviewee: Vaibhav Kanodai

Designation: Departmental Head

Contact No: +919099737375

NAME QUESTION REPLY INFERENCES QUALITYMr. Vaibhav Kanodia

What methods do you use to prioritize work assignments?

Work assignments are prioritized on the basis of their imporatnce and on the basis of the deadline given for a particular work.

None of the work assigned in the organisation can be ignored and it is very important to prioritize the work assignments and for that the basic most thing is proper planning for the work assigned.

Time management

If you had an underperforming employee reporting to you how do you address the situation?

If an underperforming employee is reported the reason behind under performance is known and efforts to solve the reason for their underperformance are made and if necessary training has to be given then that training is given to the employee. And even on various efforts of improving the performance of the employee it is not improved serious measures are taken.

Not all the employees can perform well there are some employees who are under performing so such employees are known and they are motivated by various ways so that they can also perform well like the other employees and for that proper training and development methods are used.

 Training and development

How do you manage employees performance? How do you give feedback to the employees about their performance?

We observe the performance of the employees and it may happen that sometimes we cant be present to see their performance and that time we make sure that we plan for gathering information that is clearly understood by everyone involved and applied fairly and in that gathering feedback to the employees is given.

It is a time consuming way to measure the performance of the employees but at the same time is an accurate way to measure their performance and also the method of giving feedback is also good because when a person is given feedback amongst other colleageous can affect the employee in either positive or negative way .

 Performance

NAME QUESTION REPLY INFERENCES QUALITY Are you satisfied with the working environment of your organisation?

Yes, I am satisfied with the working environment of the organisation as there is a amazing employee-employeer relation making the environment light and happy and with the help of various team building exercises helps all the employees of various departments gel well and make the working environment happy.

The working environment plays an important role in the success of an organisation with a positive working environment the employes would be more motivated resulting in higher productiity and lower absentisim.

 Job satisfaction

LINE MANAGER:

A line manager, sometimes called a direct manager, is a person who directly manages other employees and is responsible for the administrative management of the individual as well as the functional management.

1) Interviewee: Hitesh Patel

Designation: Sales Person (Nickunj)

Contact No: +91

NAME QUESTION REPLY INFERENCES

QUALITY

Mr. Hitesh patel

Do you get the real feeling of teamwork?

Yes,I do get the feeling of teamwork in my organization . Teamwork is very important to get the work done so helping one another is the key for our success.

 Proper teamwork is felt and which leads to success in goal achievement

Teamwork

2. Do you feel you are recognized on the organisiation? How?

Pritorizing the work assigned to me and seeking help and communicating to my immediate boss.

Generates a sense of belonginess and infuses confience and strength and it palus an important role in development of a person.

Motivation

3. What motivates you? Monetary rewards or non monetary rewards?

Yes, because the work I do is something I always wanted to do and with the motivation and supprt from top management makes the work more enjoyable.

 Proper dedication and passion

 Goal oriented

4. Are you satisfied with the work you do?

I am satisfied with the work I do as the delegation of the work is done according to the inerest of the employees and I enjoy the work I am doing.

 Proper satisfaction is attained

 Job satisfaction

5. Do you feel your work is giving you stress?

The work I am doing isnt giving me any stress as I like the work I am doing and there is no over burden of work form the management side.

 Work done is being enjoyed and there is no stress

Self motivated

2) Interviewee: Nirali Shah

Designation: Financial Officer ( Virtuous Retail, Surat)

Contact No: +919687253139

NAME QUESTION REPLY INFERENCES QUALITYMs. Nirali Shah

Do you get the real feeling of teamwork?

 No the feeling of teamwork is not really felt.

 There in no proper teamwork.

 Teamwork

Do you feel you are recognized on the organisiation? How?

I don’t feel much recognisition in my organization but still im am satsfied with my work

Lack of recognisition but yet satisified with the work

Job satisfaction

What motivates you? Monetary rewards or non monetary rewards?

 Both monetary and non monetary rewards motivates me.

 Monetary and non monetary rewards motivates

 Motivation

Are you satisfied with the work you do?

Yes, I am satisfied with my work but very monotomous work and gets boring sometimes.

Works hard but lack of job rotation in the organisation.

Job satisfaction

Do you feel your work is giving you stress?

No, it is not at all stressfull. I enjoy the work I do and im happy with it.

Work is done with passion and focus

Self motivated

3) Interviewee:Deepak

Designation: Cashier (amway)

Contact No: +918000516755

NAME QUESTION REPLY INFERENCES QUALITY Mr. Deepak

Do you get the real feeling of teamwork?

 Yes, the attribute of teamwork is felt in the organization.

 It motivates the employees

 Teamwork

Do you feel you are recognized on the organisiation? How?

Yes, I feel im recognised in the organization because in our organisation the employees viewpoints taken into consideration in taking any business decisions

 Feeling of recognisition is felt which motivates the employees.

 Mtoivation

What motivates you? Monetary rewards or non monetary rewards?

 I am more motived by the monetary rewards given to me by the organisation.

 Money is the thing which motivated him

 Goal oriented

Are you satisfied with the work you do?

Yes, I am very much satisfied with my work.

Proper working climate and required decisions facilities this.

Job satisfaction

Do you feel your work is giving you stress?

Yes, it is actually very stressfull work indeed.

Work load is high and the tpe of work is monotomous and difficlut.

Lack of self compentency