Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations...

23
PRESENTED BY Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of Production and Performance Quality Stephen Werst, Senior Product Strategist, Sigmetrix, LLC.

Transcript of Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations...

Page 1: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

PRESENTED BY

Tolerance Analysis –An Engineering Simulation of Production and Performance Quality

Stephen Werst, Senior Product Strategist, Sigmetrix, LLC.

Page 2: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

The Motivation for Simulation

Page 3: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

The Real Motivation• Reduce number of prototypes• More thorough and accurate understanding of product capabilities and limitations in less time

• More efficient transition to production• Predictable results• “Learning opportunities” are virtual

• Ensure product will perform as expected by customers when it’s in their hands

• Greater profitability

Page 4: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Achieving Product Targets

Pequin, Reid and Prouty, Kevin - Aberdeen Group. The Value of Virtual Simulation Versus Traditional Methods. 2014.

Page 5: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Impact on New Product Development & Introduction

Pequin, Reid and Prouty, Kevin - Aberdeen Group. The Value of Virtual Simulation Versus Traditional Methods. 2014.

Page 6: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Example – Flight Simulator

Page 7: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Questions Answered by Engineering Simulations• Will it break during operation?• Will it overheat during operation?• Will it last as long as expected by the customer?• Could there be resonance?• …

StructuralStructural ThermalThermal FatigueFatigue

Page 8: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Tolerance Analysis ‐A Simulation of Dimensional Variation

• Will the parts fit together?• Will the assembly work as expected?• Will manufacturing be able to assess new vendors, processes, etc. based on the design package?

• Is manufacturing monitoring the right things to ensure a quality product to the customer?

• Will the product be profitable?

Page 9: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Pitfalls of 1D Analysis AssumptionsName: Hub with Cap

Description: Axial clearance between hub and cap

Part Dimension Description NominalHub large DIA face to shim mount 1.100 ± 0.010Shim thickness 0.050 ± 0.002Cap shim mount to top 1.150 ± 0.007Cap top to bottom ‐2.200 ± 0.010

0.1 ± 0.029Nominal

Tolerance

Worst‐CaseTotal Variation

Page 10: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

What to Consider? (Sources of Dimensional Variation)

• Process variation during part creation (setup, positioning errors, tool deflection, casting and molding errors from mold or shrinkage, etc.)

• Supplementary processing (plating, painting, etc.)• Assembly process (sequence, fixture, joining methods, clearances between parts, etc.)

• Operational Environment (thermal expansion, deflection under load, vibration, etc.)

Page 11: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Case Study ‐ Vestas

Page 12: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Case Study – Cover Redesign• Spinner Cover Redesigned in OCT 2014• The two components typically assembled for the first time in the field on the top of a 100m pole

Spinner Cover on HUB

Nacelle

Page 13: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Case Study – Problem with Prototype• Prototype to check fit of Hub and Nacelle

Page 14: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Case Study – Initial Analysis with Spreadsheet

Page 15: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Case Study – First Update with Clearance

Page 16: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Case Study – Assembly Method• The spinner cover is assembled to the hub with both in the vertical position as shown. 

• Gravity pulls the cover downward during assembly.

• This bias is in the direction of the Nacelle when assembled thus minimizing the gap.

Spinner Cover

Hub(machined casting)

Assembly brackets

Page 17: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Case Study – Analysis Reflecting Reality

Page 18: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Closing the Loop with Manufacturing• Like all simulations validating the assumptions is critical• If Engineering and Manufacturing aren’t aligned the actual results may be significantly different from what was predicted

• Garbage In, Garbage Out

Page 19: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Example – One‐way Clutch

Hub = 69.25% of variation

Page 20: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Example – Analysis Updated with MFG Data

! By machining to maximum material to permit rework manufacturing is changing assembly defect rate from predicted 2.1% to actual 97.5%

Ring ID:

Hub axis to flat:

Page 21: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Example – After MFG Changes TargetsRing ID:

Hub axis to flat:

! Changing setup target to tolerance midpoint results in new predicted defect rate of .0182%.

Page 22: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Key Takeaways1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. 

hand calculations and prototyping.2. Tolerance analysis, like other engineering simulations, is intended to 

predict many characteristics of the design.3. Traditional approaches with simple tools like spreadsheets can 

often lead to predicting less variation than what will actually occur.4. The best predictions of real‐world performance require considering 

many aspects beyond tolerances on part drawings.

Page 23: Tolerance Analysis – An Engineering Simulation of ...Key Takeaways 1. Engineering simulations offer quantifiable business benefits vs. hand calculations and prototyping. 2. Tolerance

Questions?