Tokugawa Japan
description
Transcript of Tokugawa Japan
AP World History
Japan Background
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https://jspivey.wikispaces.com/file/view/sengoku_daimyo_tohoku_sm.gif&imgrefurl=https://jspivey.wikispaces.com/Michelle%2BC.,%2BSoo%2BYoung%2Band%2BYena&usg=__XRtgv8R49EEHmB7spIAG0IDt8c0=&h=836&w=800&sz=322&hl=en&start=1&um=1&tbnid=yjth3qJQxsHOdM:&tbnh=144&tbnw=138&prev=/images%3Fq%3DDaimyo%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dstrict%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1&safe=strict
Logo of the Shoguns
By end of 1400s, centralized government (Shogunate) was falling apart.
Fighting between Daimyo (heads of noble families)
Different DiamyoCourtesy of www.saruDama.com
Japanese Unification
Unification began late 16th century (1500s)
Three political figures:Oda NabunagaToyotomi HideyoshiTokugawa Ieyasu
Oda Nobunaga Captures the royal
capital, Kyoto Centralized power
in surrounding area
Image courtesy of Jpellegn on flickr
Toyotomi Hideyoshi Farmer turned
military commander Takes control and
moves capital to Osaka
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Image courtesy of http://www.lonelyplanet.com/maps/asia/japan/
Tokugawa Ieyasu Daimyo of Edo
(Modern Tokyo) Took control of Japan
after Toyotomi’s death Restores centralized
power Moves capital to Edo “Great Peace”
http://uk.encarta.msn.com/media_121637196/Japan_Under_Tokugawa_Rule.html
Europeans come to Japan First Portuguese
tradersWelcomed, traded
openlyWeapons, tobacco,
clocks and glasses from Europe
http://rezanov.krasu.ru/eng/epoch/img/japan4l.jpg
Europeans get kicked out
http://www.artsales.com/ARTistory/Xavier/Xavier_1.html
16th Century Japanese Nanban screen showing the arrival of Jesuits in Japan Circa 1549
Next Jesuit Missionaries At first converted many
Daimyo But, Jesuits destroyed
shrines resulting in Hideyoshi prohibiting Christian activities in his land
Missionaries expelled Traders also removed
○ Only 1 Dutch group remained w/ restrictions
http://web000.greece.k12.ny.us/SocialStudiesResources/Social_Studies_Resources/GHG_Documents/Tokugawa%20Laws%20of%20Japan%20Passage%2001.02.jpg
Tokugawa Rule
http://roninsushiandbar.com/history.aspx
Wanted to control the feudal system in Japan
Land was divided into hans (domains), which were ruled by daimyo
Could be independent, but shogunate ruled by hostage system
Hostage system
http://www.nakasendoway.com/images/2-9-1.jpg
Each daimyo has 2 houses.
1 in Edo; 1 on their han When daimyo isn’t in
Edo, his family must stay there (like hostages) so the daimyo don’t rebel
Economic Changes
http://w00.middlebury.edu/ID085A/Edo/index2.html Coins from the Edo period
Trade and Industry grew Cities grew
Edo +1 Million pop. Banking grew, paper
money became the standard
Merchant class grew Taxes increased
Peasants suffered, some revolted
Social Changes
http://www.flickr.com/photos/24443965@N08/2862111344/ Eta skinning deer
Strict class distinctions Emperor and imperial court Warriors Peasants/farmers Artisans Merchants Eta (outcasts)
Laws separating them No intermarriage
Role of women
http://www.flickr.com/photos/24443965@N08/3492944934/in/set-72157617576425408/
Restricted, especially in warrior class Influenced by Confucianism
Rules: Parents determined
marriage Men could divorce women
who don’t fulfill their duties. Men controlled property. Were valued as mothers
Cultural Changes
http://www.big.or.jp/~loupe/links/ehisto/ebasho.shtml
Literature Popular in cities Lighthearted, for fun
Ihara Saikaku “Five Women who Loved
Love”
Poetry More serious Haiku (5,7,5; about nature)
○ Ex. Matsuo Basho
From all directionsWinds bring petals of
cherryInto the grebe lake.
Theater
http://www.traveltokyo.info/kabuki1.jpg
Kabuki (link)No women
performersEmphasizes action,
music and gestures
Art and Architecture
http://www.sfusd.k12.ca.us/schwww/sch618/japan/Architecture/Architecture2.html Hirosaki Castle
Need for homes in Edo caused nobles to compete for ‘best’ homes Used gold foil to reflect light
in dark castles Also used height for
defense
Decline of Tokugawa Dynasty(link)