TOEFL ITP Structure and Written Expression (Sentencewith ...
Transcript of TOEFL ITP Structure and Written Expression (Sentencewith ...
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English IIIKUS2001
TOEFL ITPStructure and Written
Expression (Sentence with Inverted
Subjects and Verbs)
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OutlineqReviewqObjectives of the lesson q Structure and Written Expression: Sentences with inverted subjects
and verbs (Skills 15-19) q Exercise
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Review
Reduced clause
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Objectives of the lesson
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Source: Deborah Philip, 2003
• You understand the test form of TOEFL Structure and Written Form • You are able to determine the correct answer to the exercises (the
application of skills 15-19)
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Sentences with Inverted Subjects and Verbs
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Source: Deborah Philip, 2003
• Inverted subject and verb? What does that mean?• It means the structure of subject and verb in a sentence is not like
the “common” structure. • What is “common” structure? The clothes are in the drawer. (common structure)
S V In the drawer are the clothes. (inverted subject and verb)
V S
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Skill 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words
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Skill 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words (who, what, when, where, why, how.)The structure:1. To introduce a question (inverted subject and verb).
Question word V Subject ? What is it?
2. To connect clauses (not inverted subject and verb).
S V question word S V I know what it is
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Skill 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words (who, what, when, where, why, how.) Where did they buy the software? Inverted
They told me where they bought it. Correct or incorrect? “Only the pilot can tell you how far can the plane go on one tank fuel.”The correct form: “Only the pilot can tell you how far the plane can go on one tank full.”
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Example: There are geographic, economic, and cultural reasons why ____ around the world.(A) diets differ (B) do diets differ(C) are diets different(D) to differ
The answer: A
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Skill 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words (who, what, when, where, why, how.)
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Skill 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions
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Skill 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions. Below is the link to access the file. —> inverted place expression V S
The link to access the file is below. —> not inverted S V place expression
*Note: Subject and verb are inverted after a place expression or prepositional phrase Place expressions: Nowhere, here, there. Prepositional phrases: In the house, around the yard, behind the door, etc.
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Skill 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions.
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The Structure
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Example: On the level of the parking lot _____(A) is empty (B) are empty(C) some empty stalls are (D) are some empty stalls
The answer: D
Skill 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions.
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Skill 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives
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Skill 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives
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Skill 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives
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1. Negative expressions appear at the beginning of the sentence. Example: Not once did I miss a question. —> inverted Negative helping V S
2. Negative expressions appear in the middle of then sentence. Example: I did not miss a question, and neither did she. —> inverted
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Skill 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives.
Example: __________ ignored us in every meeting.(A) Never the manager (B) Never did the manager (C) The manager did(D) Never has the manager
The answer: D
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Skill 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives.
Example: __________ ignored us in every meeting.(A) Never the manager (B) Never did the manager (C) The manager did(D) Never has the manager
The answer: D
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Skill 18: Invert the subject and verb with conditionals
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Skill 18: Invert the subject and verb with conditionals
Conditionals = IF clausesNot inverted:If S V, S VIf I were you, I would take the chance Or
S V if S VI would do it if I were you
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Skill 18: Invert the subject and verb with conditionals
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Not inverted form:If she were here, he would help
*Note:Subject and verb are inverted in the if clause (by omitting the “if”)
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Skill 18: Invert the subject and verb with conditionals
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If I had known it, I would have told you.Had I known it, I would have told you. (inverted)I would have told you had I known it. (inverted)
If you should go, you may take my car.Should you go, you may take my car. (inverted)You take my car should you go. (inverted)
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Skill 18: Invert the subject and verb with conditionals
Example: They would definitely assist us do this project _______ (A) were they in our department(B) if they are here (C) if they (D) if were they here
The answer: A
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Skill 19: Invert the subject and verb with comparisons.
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Skill 19: Invert the subject and verb with comparisons.
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She has done the task faster than I.She has done the task faster than I have.She has done the task faster than have I.
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Skill 19: Invert the subject and verb with comparisons.
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*Note:Subject and verb are inverted after the comparison.
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Skill 19: Invert the subject and verb with comparisons.
Example: The results of the current experiment appear to be more consistent than _______ the results of any previous tests.(A) them(B) were(C) they were (D) were they
The answer: B
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Exercises: 1. Exercises skills 15-19 (correct/incorrect: number 6-10) 2. TOEFL Exercise 15-19 3. TOEFL Review Exercise 1-19
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Next Week: Midterm Exam: Listening skills (parts A, B, and C) and S & W
Next 2 Weeks: SWE skills 20-21
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References
Deborah Phillips. Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL test: The Paper Test. New York: Pearson Education, Inc, 2003.
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