Today’s Schedule• Turn in Scavenger Hunt• Warm Up• Binder Check• PPT: Early Americans • WS: Native American Maps• HW- Rd. 1.4 & 2.1, Native Map• WARM UP:

–What Native American groups are you familiar with? How do you know these groups (i.e. TV, films, town names, etc.)

Coming to America• DNA evidence suggests 20,000 years ago

– Earliest documentation of first arrival into Alaska

• Crossed Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska– Much ocean water was in glacier form– Exposed a natural land bridge

Clovis Culture• Named after Clovis, New Mexico where first

found in 1932

• Large archeological dig in Cactus Hill area of Sussex Co., VA – Uncovered many remains believed to be from

Clovis Culture

New Evidence of an Earlier Culture• Long believed to be the first culture in

America

• New evidence shows culture present in North and South America

–Current radiocarbon dating compared to past evidence would require them to arrive in South America in 200 years?!

• Not likely possible

–No evidence left behind from supposed trail from Siberia to Alaska

Nine Regions of Native Americans

• Arctic

• Pacific Northwest

• California

• Plateau

• Great Basin

• Southwest

• Plains

• Northeast

• Southeast

Arctic Native Americans

• Name: Inuit and Yupik– Many groups included in this category, including

Eskimo

• Location: Arctic Canada and present Alaska

• Food: Fished (salmon, whale) and hunted (caribou)

• Housing: Lived in wooden homes with animal skin/fur

• Dog sledding main form of transportation

Northwest Coast

• Name: Spokane, Tlingit

• Location: Pacific Northwest

• Food: Fished (salmon) and gathered (berries)

• Housing: Longhouses made of cedar

• Transportation: Canoes

Native American Structure

• Societies organized according to family relationships (kinships)

• Further organized by clans

–A group of kinships from a common ancestor

Native American Religions• Religion based on belief in a powerful spiritual

world

– Creation stories often depict man as a descendent from animals

– Reason for strong relationship of respect

• Belief in several deities who control each part of life

• Complex set of rituals for every aspect of life

• A shaman is the spiritual leader of a tribe

Relationship to Land

• Belief that land could not be owned

– Land and nature was provided by deities for sustainable use

– Powerful source of conflict when Europeans arrived

Trading

• Trading occurred within tribal groups and with other tribal groups

• Traded for items needed and as a sign of respect

• Created trade routes throughout America