Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

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NATIONALSIM IN AFRICA & INDIA Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements

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 Kenya (1921) Protest against high taxes placed by GB Leader arrested  Libya (1920s) Used guerrilla warfare against Italians IT reaction: ○ Concentration camps ○ Modern weapons  Reforms Too little, too late By 1930s – AF leaders calling for independence, not reform

Transcript of Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

Page 1: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

NATIONALSIM IN AFRICA & INDIA

Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements

Page 2: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

Movements towards Independence in Africa Fighting in WWI on Allied side- want

independence German colonies awarded to GB & FR

(mandates- L of N) Become politically active

New ideas of freedom & nationalismMissionary schools taught about

○ Liberty○ equality

Page 3: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

Kenya (1921)Protest against high taxes placed by GBLeader arrested

Libya (1920s)Used guerrilla warfare against ItaliansIT reaction:

○ Concentration camps○ Modern weapons

ReformsToo little, too lateBy 1930s – AF leaders calling for independence, not reform

Page 4: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

New Leaders edu in Europe & USA W.E.B. DuBois

African AmericanHarvard grad.Wanted to make Africans aware of

cultural heritage Marcus Garvey

Jamaican (lived in Harlem)○ Stressed the need for African unity

Page 5: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

Jomo KenyattaKenyanBritish rule destroying traditional culture

Leopold Senghor Studied in FROrganized an independence movement

in Senegal Nnamdo Azikiwe

NigeriaPublished a newspaperSupported non-violent method of gaining

indep.

Page 6: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

The Movement for Indian Independence

Page 7: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

Mohandas Gandhi Pre- WWI

Push for Indian self-rule Post WWI

Used methods of civil disobedience

1919- violent protest○ Gandhi retreated○ Imprisoned for role in protests

against British

Why?

Page 8: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

Government of India Act (1935) Expended the role of Indians in the

governing process Two house parliament

2/3 of which were Indian 5 million Indians given the right to vote

Small percentage of the total pop.

Page 9: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

A Push for Independence Indian National Congress (1885) Purpose -Seek reforms INC under leadership of Motilal Nehru

Push for full independence of GB Gandhi – released from prison

Informed ordinary Indians of his beliefsPushed for nonviolence campaign“Don’t pay your taxes, send your children to an English

supported school…Make your own cotton cloth, and don’t buy British made goods. Provide yourself with homemade salt, do not buy gov. made salt.”

BR. Govt then prohibited the making or harvesting of salt by Indian people.

Reading –the Salt march (pg 562)

Page 10: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

New leaders, New Problems

Jawaharlal Nehru – 1930s- entered the movement Studied law in GB New kind of politician – upper class & intellectual Independence mvmt in 2 paths

Gandhi’s –religious, traditional, Indian

Nehru’s – secular, Western, and modern

Page 11: Today we are learning about the development of the African and Indian independence movements.

Hindus v. Muslims Muslims dissatisfied with

Hindu INC dominance Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Believe in the creation of a separate Muslim state of Pakistan in the Northwest